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Song X, Man J, Qiu Y, Wang J, Liu J, Li R, Zhang Y, Li J, Li J, Chen Y. Design, preparation, and characterization of lubricating polymer brushes for biomedical applications. Acta Biomater 2024; 175:76-105. [PMID: 38128641 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The lubrication modification of biomedical devices significantly enhances the functionality of implanted interventional medical devices, thereby providing additional benefits for patients. Polymer brush coating provides a convenient and efficient method for surface modification while ensuring the preservation of the substrate's original properties. The current research has focused on a "trial and error" method to finding polymer brushes with superior lubricity qualities, which is time-consuming and expensive, as obtaining effective and long-lasting lubricity properties for polymer brushes is difficult. This review summarizes recent research advances in the biomedical field in the design, material selection, preparation, and characterization of lubricating and antifouling polymer brushes, which follow the polymer brush development process. This review begins by examining various approaches to polymer brush design, including molecular dynamics simulation and machine learning, from the fundamentals of polymer brush lubrication. Recent advancements in polymer brush design are then synthesized and potential avenues for future research are explored. Emphasis is placed on the burgeoning field of zwitterionic polymer brushes, and highlighting the broad prospects of supramolecular polymer brushes based on host-guest interactions in the field of self-repairing polymer brush applications. The review culminates by providing a summary of methodologies for characterizing the structural and functional attributes of polymer brushes. It is believed that a development approach for polymer brushes based on "design-material selection-preparation-characterization" can be created, easing the challenge of creating polymer brushes with high-performance lubricating qualities and enabling the on-demand creation of coatings. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Biomedical devices have severe lubrication modification needs, and surface lubrication modification by polymer brush coating is currently the most promising means. However, the design and preparation of polymer brushes often involves "iterative testing" to find polymer brushes with excellent lubrication properties, which is both time-consuming and expensive. This review proposes a polymer brush development process based on the "design-material selection-preparation-characterization" strategy and summarizes recent research advances and trends in the design, material selection, preparation, and characterization of polymer brushes. This review will help polymer brush researchers by alleviating the challenges of creating polymer brushes with high-performance lubricity and promises to enable the on-demand construction of polymer brush lubrication coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhong Song
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Jia Man
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China.
| | - Yinghua Qiu
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Jianing Liu
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Ruijian Li
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Yongqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Jianyong Li
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Yuguo Chen
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
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2
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Liu M, Zhang C, Chen J, Liu Z, Cheng Y, Wu X. Mechanisms of cation-induced superlubricity transition of poly(vinylphosphonic acid) coatings. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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3
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Luo Y, Wang C, Pang AP, Zhang X, Wang D, Lu X. Low-Concentration Salt Solution Changes the Interfacial Molecular Behavior of Polyelectrolyte Brushes. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Chu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Ai-Ping Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- National Center for International Joint Research of Micro−Nano Molding Technology, School of Mechanics & Engineering Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Dayang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin Province, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
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4
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Hollingsworth NR, Wilkanowicz SI, Larson RG. Salt- and pH-induced swelling of a poly(acrylic acid) brush via quartz crystal microbalance w/dissipation (QCM-D). SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:7838-7851. [PMID: 31528970 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01289c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We infer the swelling/de-swelling behavior of weakly ionizable poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) brushes of 2-39 kDa molar mass in the presence of KCl concentrations from 0.1-1000 mM, pH = 3, 7, and 9, and grafting densities σ = 0.12-2.15 chains per nm2 using a Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation (QCM-D), confirming and extending the work of Wu et al. to multiple chain lengths. At pH 7 and 9 (above the pKa ∼ 5), the brush initially swells at low KCl ionic strength (<10 mM) in the "osmotic brush" regime, and de-swells at higher salt concentrations, in the "salted brush" regime, and is relatively unaffected at pH 3, below the pKa, as expected. At pH 7, at low and moderate grafting densities, our results in the high-salt "salted brush" regime (Cs > 10 mM salt) agree with the predicted scaling H ∼ Nσ+1/3Cs-1/3 of brush height H, while in the low-salt "osmotic brush" regime (Cs < 10 mM salt), we find H ∼ Nσ+1/3Cs+0.28-0.38, whose dependence on Cs agrees with scaling theory for this regime, but the dependence on σ strongly disagrees with it. The predicted linearity in the degree of polymerization N is confirmed. The new results partially confirm scaling theory and clarify where improved theories and additional data are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha R Hollingsworth
- Department of Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
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5
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Xu X, Billing M, Ruths M, Klok HA, Yu J. Structure and Functionality of Polyelectrolyte Brushes: A Surface Force Perspective. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:3411-3436. [PMID: 30080310 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201800920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The unique functionality of polyelectrolyte brushes depends on several types of specific interactions, including solvent structure effects, hydrophobic forces, electrostatic interactions, and specific ion interactions. Subtle variations in the solution environment can lead to conformational and surface structural changes of the polyelectrolyte brushes, which are mainly discussed from a surface-interaction perspective in this Focus Review. A brief overview is given of recent theoretical and experimental progress in the structure of polyelectrolyte brushes in various environments. Two important techniques for surface-force measurements are described, the surface forces apparatus (SFA) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), and some recent results on polyelectrolyte brushes are shown. Lastly, this Focus Review highlights the use of these surface-grafted polyelectrolyte brushes in the creation of functional surfaces for various applications, including nonfouling surfaces, boundary lubricants, and stimuli-responsive surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.,Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | - Mark Billing
- Institut des Matériaux et Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marina Ruths
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | - Harm-Anton Klok
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.,Institut des Matériaux et Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jing Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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Zhang Y, Mulvenna RA, Qu S, Boudouris BW, Phillip WA. Block Polymer Membranes Functionalized with Nanoconfined Polyelectrolyte Brushes Achieve Sub-Nanometer Selectivity. ACS Macro Lett 2017; 6:726-732. [PMID: 35650852 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.7b00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The well-defined nanostructure of membranes manufactured from self-assembled block polymers enables highly selective separations; however, recent efforts to push the pore size of block polymer-based membranes to the lower end of the size spectrum have only been moderately successful for a variety of reasons. For instance, the conformational changes of the stimuli-responsive functional groups lining the pore walls of some block polymer membranes result in varied pore sizes that limit their operational range. Here, we overcome this challenge through the directed design of the third moiety of an A-B-C triblock polymer. The use of this macromolecular design paradigm allows for the preparation of a 500 nm thick polyisoprene-b-polystyrene-b-poly(2-acrylamido-ethane-1,1-disfulonic acid) (PI-PS-PADSA) coating atop a hollow fiber membrane support. This nanoporous test bed, which exhibits an average pore radius of 1 nm, demonstrates an extremely high solute selectivity by fully gating solutes that have only an 8 Å size difference, a separation that is based solely on a sieving mechanism. Furthermore, the nanoscale structural characteristics of the solvated PADSA pore walls are elucidated by quantifying the rejection of neutral solutes and calculating the hydraulic permeability values in solutions of high ionic strength (1 mM ≤ I ≤ 3 M) and over a broad range of solution pH (1 ≤ pH ≤ 13). These key results provide a solid foundation for defining structure-property-performance relationships in the emerging area of nanoporous triblock polymer thin films. Moreover, the successful demonstration of the test bed separation device offers a tangible means by which to manufacture next-generation nanofiltration membranes that require a robust performance profile over a dynamic range of conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhou Zhang
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre
Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | | | - Siyi Qu
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre
Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | | | - William A. Phillip
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre
Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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7
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Yu J, Mao J, Yuan G, Satija S, Chen W, Tirrell M. The effect of multivalent counterions to the structure of highly dense polystyrene sulfonate brushes. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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8
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Yu J, Mao J, Yuan G, Satija S, Jiang Z, Chen W, Tirrell M. Structure of Polyelectrolyte Brushes in the Presence of Multivalent Counterions. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yu
- Institute
for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jun Mao
- Institute
for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Guangcui Yuan
- NIST
Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6102, United States
- Department
of Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 43250, United States
| | - Sushil Satija
- NIST
Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6102, United States
| | | | - Wei Chen
- Institute
for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Matthew Tirrell
- Institute
for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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9
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Sergeeva IP, Sobolev VD, Safronova EA. Cationic electrolyte adsorption layers on hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces. COLLOID JOURNAL 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061933x13020154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Block S, Helm CA. Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Features in the Morphology and Structure of Physisorbed Polyelectrolyte Layers. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:7301-13. [DOI: 10.1021/jp112140t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Block
- Institut für Physik, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt Universität, Felix-Hausdorff-Strasse 6, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christiane A. Helm
- Institut für Physik, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt Universität, Felix-Hausdorff-Strasse 6, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
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11
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Amphiphilic block copolymers by a combination of anionic polymerization and selective post-polymerization functionalization. Eur Polym J 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2010.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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12
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Urzúa M, Briones X, Carrasco L, Encinas M, Petri D. Adsorption of anionic amphiphilic polyelectrolytes onto amino-terminated solid surfaces. POLYMER 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Cornelsen M, Helm CA, Block S. Destabilization of Polyelectrolyte Multilayers Formed at Different Temperatures and Ion Concentrations. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma9027883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Cornelsen
- Antriebstechnik und Mechatronik, Universität Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 6, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Christiane A. Helm
- Institut für Physik, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt Universität, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 6, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stephan Block
- Institut für Physik, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt Universität, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 6, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
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14
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Elmahdy MM, Synytska A, Drechsler A, Gutsche C, Uhlmann P, Stamm M, Kremer F. Forces of Interaction between Poly(2-vinylpyridine) Brushes As Measured by Optical Tweezers. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma901567d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdy M. Elmahdy
- Institute of Experimental Physics I, Leipzig University, Linnéstrasse 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Physics, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Alla Synytska
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Astrid Drechsler
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Christof Gutsche
- Institute of Experimental Physics I, Leipzig University, Linnéstrasse 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Petra Uhlmann
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Manfred Stamm
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Friedrich Kremer
- Institute of Experimental Physics I, Leipzig University, Linnéstrasse 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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15
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Block S, Helm CA. Single Polyelectrolyte Layers Adsorbed at High Salt Conditions: Polyelectrolyte Brush Domains Coexisting with Flatly Adsorbed Chains. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma901209x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Block
- Institut für Physik, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt Universität, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 6, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christiane A. Helm
- Institut für Physik, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt Universität, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 6, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany
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16
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Dong R, Lindau M, Ober CK. Dissociation behavior of weak polyelectrolyte brushes on a planar surface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:4774-4779. [PMID: 19243153 DOI: 10.1021/la8039384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) brushes and poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) brushes on gold substrates were synthesized by surface-initiated atom-transfer radical polymerization of sodium acrylate and sodium methacrylate in water media at room temperature. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) titration and contact angle titration methods were used in combination to investigate the dissociation behavior of these two brushes. Whereas FTIR titration gives effective bulk pKa values of the polyacid brushes (pKabulk of PAA brushes is 6.5-6.6 and pKabulk of PMAA brushes is 6.9-7.0), contact angle titration provides effective surface pKa of the brushes (pKasurf of PAA brushes is 4.4+/-0.01 and pKasurf of PMAA brushes is approximately 4.6+/-0.1). The difference between pKabulk and pKasurf suggests that acid groups further from the substrate surface are easier to ionize and have smaller pKa values. Although such behavior of weak polyelectrolyte brushes has been predicted by theoretical simulation, here we provide the first experimental evidence of this behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Dong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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17
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Dunlop IE, Briscoe WH, Titmuss S, Jacobs RMJ, Osborne VL, Edmondson S, Huck WTS, Klein J. Direct Measurement of Normal and Shear Forces between Surface-Grown Polyelectrolyte Layers. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:3947-56. [DOI: 10.1021/jp807190z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iain E. Dunlop
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, U.K., Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, University Chemistry Laboratory, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K., and Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, P.O. Box 26, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Wuge H. Briscoe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, U.K., Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, University Chemistry Laboratory, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K., and Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, P.O. Box 26, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Simon Titmuss
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, U.K., Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, University Chemistry Laboratory, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K., and Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, P.O. Box 26, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Robert M. J. Jacobs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, U.K., Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, University Chemistry Laboratory, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K., and Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, P.O. Box 26, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Vicky L. Osborne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, U.K., Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, University Chemistry Laboratory, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K., and Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, P.O. Box 26, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Steve Edmondson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, U.K., Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, University Chemistry Laboratory, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K., and Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, P.O. Box 26, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Wilhelm T. S. Huck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, U.K., Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, University Chemistry Laboratory, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K., and Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, P.O. Box 26, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Jacob Klein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, U.K., Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, University Chemistry Laboratory, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K., and Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, P.O. Box 26, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jiang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521-0444
| | - Jianzhong Wu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521-0444
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19
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Glynos E, Pispas S, Koutsos V. Amphiphilic Diblock Copolymers on Mica: Formation of Flat Polymer Nanoislands and Evolution to Protruding Surface Micelles. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma702630c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil Glynos
- Institute for Materials and Processes, School of Engineering and Electronics & Centre for Materials Science and Engineering, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JL, United Kingdom, and Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vass. Constantinou Ave., 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Stergios Pispas
- Institute for Materials and Processes, School of Engineering and Electronics & Centre for Materials Science and Engineering, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JL, United Kingdom, and Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vass. Constantinou Ave., 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Vasileios Koutsos
- Institute for Materials and Processes, School of Engineering and Electronics & Centre for Materials Science and Engineering, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JL, United Kingdom, and Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vass. Constantinou Ave., 11635 Athens, Greece
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20
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Toomey R, Tirrell M. Functional Polymer Brushes in Aqueous Media from Self-Assembled and Surface-Initiated Polymers. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2008; 59:493-517. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev.physchem.59.032607.093623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Toomey
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620;
| | - Matthew Tirrell
- Department of Chemical Engineering and the Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106;
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21
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Liberelle B, Giasson S. Friction and normal interaction forces between irreversibly attached weakly charged polymer brushes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:1550-1559. [PMID: 18225926 DOI: 10.1021/la702367f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte brushes were built on mica by anchoring polystyrene-poly(acrylic acid) (PS-b-PAA) diblock copolymers at a controlled surface density in a polystyrene monolayer covalently attached to OH-activated mica surfaces. Compared to physisorbed polymer brushes, these irreversibly attached charged brushes allow the polymer grafting density to remain constant upon changes in environmental conditions (e.g., pH, salt concentration, compression, and shear). The normal interaction and friction forces as a function of surface separation distance and at different concentrations of added salt (NaCl) were investigated using a surface forces apparatus. The interaction force profiles were completely reversible both on loading and receding and were purely repulsive. For a constant polymer grafting density, the influence of the polyelectrolyte charges and the Debye screening effect on the overall interaction forces was investigated. The experimental interaction force profiles agree very well with scaling models developed for neutral and charged polymer brushes. The variation of the friction force between two PAA brushes in motion with respect to each other as a function of surface separation distance appeared to be similar to that observed with neutral brushes. This similarity suggests that the increase in friction is associated with an increase in mutual interpenetration upon compression as observed with neutral polymers. The effect of the PAA charges and added ions was more significant on the repulsive normal forces than on the friction forces. The reversible characteristics of the normal force profiles and friction measurements confirmed the strong attachment of the PAA brushes to the mica substrate. High friction coefficients (ca 0.3) were measured at relatively high pressures (40 atm) with no surface damage or polymer removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Liberelle
- Department of Chemistry and Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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