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Periyasamy T, Asrafali SP, Kim SC. Heteroatom-Enhanced Porous Carbon Materials Based on Polybenzoxazine for Supercapacitor Electrodes and CO 2 Capture. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15061564. [PMID: 36987344 PMCID: PMC10051936 DOI: 10.3390/polym15061564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Through a solution method utilizing benzoxazine chemistry, heteroatoms containing porous carbons (HCPCs) were synthesized from melamine, eugenol and formaldehyde, followed by carbonization in a nitrogen atmosphere and chemical activation with KOH at three different activation temperatures, 700, 800 and 900 °C. The introduction of melamine and eugenol to the monomer produced structurally bonded nitrogen and oxygen in porous carbons. Changing the calcination temperature can alter the doping level of heteroatoms and the particle size. These carbon materials exhibit large pore size distributions, tunable pore structure, high nitrogen and oxygen contents and high surface areas, which make them suitable for use as electrode materials in supercapacitors. As a result of activating at 800 °C, the sample HCPC-800 exhibits a high specific surface area of 984 m2/g, high oxygen and nitrogen content (3.64-6.26 wt.% and 10.61-13.65 wt.%), hierarchical pore structure, high degree of graphitization and good electrical conductivity. An outstanding rate capability is also demonstrated, as well as incredible longevity, retaining the capacitance up to 83% even after 5000 cycles in a solution containing 1 M H2SO4. Moreover, the activated porous carbon containing nitrogen exhibits a CO2 adsorption capacity of 3.6 and 3.5 mmol/g at 25 °C and 0 °C, respectively, which corresponds to equilibrium pressures of 1 bar.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Seong-Cheol Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
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2
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Zhang J, Fu Y, Li L, Yan L, Wu X, Lei C. Ratiometric Electrochemical Determination of Ascorbic Acid Using a Copper Nanoparticle@Resin Nanosphere (CuNPs@RNS) Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode (GCE) by Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV). ANAL LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2023.2180644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Yulin Fu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Lin Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Liqiang Yan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Xiongzhi Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Chenghong Lei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
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3
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Wang T, Okejiri F, Qiao ZA, Dai S. Tailoring Polymer Colloids Derived Porous Carbon Spheres Based on Specific Chemical Reactions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2002475. [PMID: 32643210 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Porous carbon spheres derived from polymer colloids with regular geometry, monodispersed morphology, well-controlled contents and structures play important roles in many areas of application, such as energy storage/conversion, gas adsorption/separation, catalysis, and chemo-photothermal therapy. Suitable polymerization reaction and synthetic strategy are both critical for the obtainment of stable polymer colloids as carbon precursors. Basic polymerization reactions are the cornerstones of synthetic strategies, which directly provides the direct molecular-based design of functionalized polymer/carbon spheres. Thus, this progress report mainly focuses on the summary of suitable polymerization reactions for colloidal polymer derived porous carbon spheres. Recent advances in the synthetic strategies and applications are also discussed, including their corresponding polymerization reactions. Finally, the perspectives for the development of polymer derived porous carbon spheres are provided based on the controlled synthesis of polymer colloids and optimization over the carbonization process to achieve highly functionalized carbon spheres for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Francis Okejiri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Zhen-An Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Sheng Dai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
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4
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Renaissance of Stöber method for synthesis of colloidal particles: New developments and opportunities. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 584:838-865. [PMID: 33127050 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Colloidal silica particles have received a widespread interest because of their potential applications in adsorption, ceramics, catalysis, drug delivery and more. Among many approaches towards fabrication of these colloidal particles, Stöber, Fink and Bohn (SFB) method, known as Stöber synthesis is an effective sol-gel strategy for production of uniform, monodispersed silica particles with highly tailorable size and surface properties. This review, after a brief introduction showing the importance of colloidal chemistry, is focused on the Stöber synthesis of silica spheres including discussion of the key factors affecting their particle size, porosity and surface properties. Next, further developments of this method are presented toward fabrication of polymer, carbon, and composite spheres.
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Tian H, Liang J, Liu J. Nanoengineering Carbon Spheres as Nanoreactors for Sustainable Energy Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1903886. [PMID: 31559668 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201903886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal carbon sphere nanoreactors have been explored extensively as a class of versatile materials for various applications in energy storage, electrochemical conversion, and catalysis, due to their unique properties such as excellent electrical conductivity, high specific surface area, controlled porosity and permeability, and surface functionality. Here, the latest updated research on colloidal carbon sphere nanoreactor, in terms of both their synthesis and applications, is summarized. Various synthetic strategies are first discussed, including the hard template method, the soft template method, hydrothermal carbonization, the microemulsion polymerization method, and extension of the Stöber method. Then, the functionalization of colloidal carbon sphere nanoreactors, including the nanoengineering of compositions and the surface features, is discussed. Afterward, recent progress in the major applications of colloidal carbon sphere nanoreactors, in the areas of energy storage, electrochemical conversion, and catalysis, is presented. Finally, the perspectives and challenges for future developments are discussed in terms of controlled synthesis and functionalization of the colloidal carbon sphere nanoreactors with tunable structure, and the composition and properties that are desirable for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Ji Liang
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Innovation Campus, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW, 2500, Australia
| | - Jian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China
- DICP-Surrey Joint Centre for Future Materials, Department of Chemical and Process Engineering and Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
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Zhang M, Zhang S, Liu X, Chen H, Ming Y, Xu Q, Wang Z. One-pot synthesis of multi-functional and environmental friendly tannic acid polymer with Fe 3+ and formaldehyde as double crosslinking agents for selective removal of cation pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:31834-31845. [PMID: 31489543 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06297-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel multi-functional and environmental friendly tannic acid polymer (Fe3+-TA-HCHO) with Fe3+ and formaldehyde as double crosslinking agents together with cysteine as heteroatom source was prepared by a one-pot hydrothermal method. Characterization with transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), and elemental analysis demonstrated that the Fe3+-TA-HCHO possessed uniform structure and particle size as well as plentiful functional groups. The resulted Fe3+-TA-HCHO material as a adsorbent to remove methylene blue, sunset yellow, Pb2+, Hg2+, and AsO33- from water. The results suggested that Fe3+-TA-HCHO polymer (pHpzc is 2.33) showed different adsorption properties for anionic pollutants (sunset yellow and AsO33-) and cationic pollutants (methylene blue, Pb2+, and Hg2+). The material exhibited remarkable selectivity for adsorption and separation of pollutants. The maximum adsorption capacities calculated from Langmuir model for methylene blue, Pb2+, and Hg2+ were 154.32, 819.67, and 699.30 mg g-1, respectively. This is the first time that tannic acid polymer is synthesized by double crosslinking method, which not only developed a promising adsorbent for selective removal of cation pollutants, but also opened up a new avenue for synthesis and application of tannic acid polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, Shandong, China
| | - Shengxiao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, Shandong, China.
| | - Xingxing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, Shandong, China
| | - Hou Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, Shandong, China.
| | - Yongfei Ming
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, Shandong, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
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7
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Ghimire PP, Dassanayake AC, Wickramaratne NP, Jaroniec M. Polyvinyl pyrrolidone-assisted synthesis of size-tunable polymer spheres at elevated temperature and their conversion to nitrogen-containing carbon spheres. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 549:162-170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.04.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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8
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Sang X, Chen J, Jing M, Shi G, Ni C, Wang D, Jin W. Sustainable synthesis of nitrogen-doped porous carbon with improved electrocatalytic performance for hydrogen evolution. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj05819a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The rational design of a sustainable synthetic pathway to develop carbonaceous materials with efficient electrocatalytic activity for energy conversion is a great challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Sang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
| | - Jianping Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
| | - Mingxiao Jing
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
| | - Gang Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
| | - Caihua Ni
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
| | - Dawei Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
| | - Wei Jin
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
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9
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Self-assembly of cysteine-functionalized silver nanoparticles at solid/liquid interfaces. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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10
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Zhang M, Yang Y, Yu C. Nano-resoles-Enabled Elegant Nanostructured Materials. Chemistry 2018; 24:14598-14607. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology; The University of Queensland; St Lucia Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Yannan Yang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology; The University of Queensland; St Lucia Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Chengzhong Yu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology; The University of Queensland; St Lucia Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
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11
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Liu M, Liu Y, Gao Z, Wang C, Ye W, Lu R, Zhang S. Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon nanospheres for highly efficient oxidation of ethylbenzene. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj02948b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A facile synthesis of well-distributed N and S co-doped carbon spheres and their enhanced activity towards the selective oxidation of ethylbenzene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yingcen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- People's Republic of China
| | - Cui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- People's Republic of China
| | - Wanyue Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- People's Republic of China
| | - Rongwen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- People's Republic of China
| | - Shufen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- People's Republic of China
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12
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Highly N-doped microporous carbon nanospheres with high energy storage and conversion efficiency. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14400. [PMID: 29089530 PMCID: PMC5663965 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14686-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous carbon spheres (CSs) have distinct advantages in energy storage and conversion applications. We report the preparation of highly monodisperse N-doped microporous CSs through the carbonization of polystyrene-based polymer spheres and subsequent activation. The N-doped microporous CSs have a remarkably high N-doping content, over 10%, and high BET surface area of 884.9 m2 g−1. We characterize the synergistic effects of the micropores and N doping on the energy storage performance of a supercapacitor electrode consisting of the CSs and on the performance in an electrocatalytic reaction of a CS counter electrode in a photovoltaic cell. The N-doped microporous CSs exhibit a maximum capacitance of 373 F g−1 at a current density of 0.2 Ag−1, a high capacitance retention up to 62% with a 10-fold increase in current density, and excellent stability over 10,000 charge/discharge cycles. A counter electrode consisting of N-doped microporous CSs was found to exhibit superior electrocatalytic behavior to an electrode consisting of conventional Pt nanoparticles. These CSs derived from polymer spheres synthesized by addition polymerization will be new platform materials with high electrochemical performance.
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13
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Fathalipour S, Pourbeyram S, Sharafian A, Tanomand A, Azam P. Biomolecule-assisted synthesis of Ag/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite with excellent electrocatalytic and antibacterial performance. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 75:742-751. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.02.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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14
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Liu MX, Deng XX, Zhu DZ, Duan H, Xiong W, Xu ZJ, Gan LH. Magnetically separated and N, S co-doped mesoporous carbon microspheres for the removal of mercury ions. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2016.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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15
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Wang J, Yao L, Ma C, Guo X, Qiao W, Ling L, Long D. Organic Amine-Mediated Synthesis of Polymer and Carbon Microspheres: Mechanism Insight and Energy-Related Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:4851-4861. [PMID: 26824618 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b11178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A general organic amine-mediated synthesis of polymer microspheres is developed based on the copolymerization of resorcinol, formaldehyde, and various organic amines at room temperature. Structure formation and evolution of colloidal microspheres in the presence of polyethylenimine are monitored by dynamic light scattering measurements. It is found that the colloidal clusters are formed instantaneously and then experience an anomalous shrinkage-growth process. This should be caused by two different reaction pathways: cross-linking inside the microspheres and step-growth polymerization of substituted resorcinol on the microsphere surface, leading to the formation of core-shell heterogeneous structures as confirmed by TEM observation and XPS analysis. A formation mechanism of polymer microspheres is provided based on the aggregation of polyethylenimine/resorcinol-formaldehyde (PEI-RF) self-assembled nuclei, which is apparently different from the conventional Stöber process. Furthermore, nitrogen-doped carbon microspheres are prepared by the direct carbonization of these polymer microspheres, which exhibit microporous BET surface areas of 400-500 m(2) g(-1), high nitrogen contents of 5-6 wt %, and a good CO2 adsorption capacity up to 3.6 mmol g(-1) at 0 °C. KOH activation is further employed to develop the porous texture of carbon microspheres without sacrificing the spherical morphology. The resultant activated carbon microspheres exhibit small particle size (<80 nm), high BET surface areas of 1500-2000 m(2) g(-1), and considerable nitrogen content of 2.2-2.0 wt %. When used as the electrode materials for supercapacitors, these activated carbon microspheres demonstrate a high capacitance up to 240 F g(-1), an unprecedented rate performance and good cycling performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Liwen Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Cheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xuhong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wenming Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Licheng Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Donghui Long
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
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16
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Lin F, Wang Y, Lin Z. One-pot synthesis of nitrogen-enriched carbon spheres for hexavalent chromium removal from aqueous solution. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra27738h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen-enriched carbon spheres (NECS) with high nitrogen content (10.21 wt%) had been prepared and presented superior Cr(vi) removal capacity as high as 279 mg g−1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuquan Lin
- College of Chemistry
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou
- China
- Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures
| | - Yonghao Wang
- College of Environment and Resources
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou
- China
| | - Zhang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou
- China
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17
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Liu J, Wickramaratne NP, Qiao SZ, Jaroniec M. Molecular-based design and emerging applications of nanoporous carbon spheres. NATURE MATERIALS 2015; 14:763-774. [PMID: 26201892 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 445] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, considerable progress has been made in the synthesis and applications of nanoporous carbon spheres ranging in size from nanometres to micrometres. This Review presents the primary techniques for preparing nanoporous carbon spheres and the seminal research that has inspired their development, presented potential applications and uncovered future challenges. First we provide an overview of the synthesis techniques, including the Stöber method and those based on templating, self-assembly, emulsion and hydrothermal carbonization, with special emphasis on the design and functionalization of nanoporous carbon spheres at the molecular level. Next, we cover the key applications of these spheres, including adsorption, catalysis, separation, energy storage and biomedicine — all of which might benefit from the regular geometry, good liquidity, tunable porosity and controllable particle-size distribution offered by nanoporous carbon spheres. Finally, we present the current challenges and opportunities in the development and commercial applications of nanoporous carbon spheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia
| | | | - Shi Zhang Qiao
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Mietek Jaroniec
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
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18
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Zhang P, Qiao ZA, Dai S. Recent advances in carbon nanospheres: synthetic routes and applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:9246-56. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01759a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Various strategies to carbon nanospheres together with a brief introduction of applications are presented in this feature article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Zhang
- Chemical Sciences Division
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- Oak Ridge
- USA
| | - Zhen-An Qiao
- Chemical Sciences Division
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- Oak Ridge
- USA
| | - Sheng Dai
- Chemical Sciences Division
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- Oak Ridge
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
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19
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Sun W, Chen M, Zhou S, Wu L. Facile fabrication of carbon spheres with tunable morphologies from novel polymeric carbon precursors. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:12011-12017. [PMID: 25267090 DOI: 10.1021/la5026476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a facile and general method for fabrication of carbon spheres with tunable morphologies based on the sol-gel reaction of a novel polymeric carbon precursor. The carbon precursor was fabricated by the synthesis of resole, a low-molecular weight polymer of phenol and formaldehyde, and then the modification with poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether (PEG). By turning the modification degree of resole with different amounts of PEG and the hydrolysis and condensation reactions of this precursor, carbon spheres with various morphologies, including regular spheres, hollow spheres of different pore sizes, and raspberry- and peanut-like spheres, were produced easily. This should be attributed to the condensation, self-assembly, and phase separation of the new polymeric carbon precursors during the sol-gel process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- Department of Material Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
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20
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Song JC, Lu ZY, Sun ZY. A facile method of synthesizing uniform resin colloidal and microporous carbon spheres with high nitrogen content. J Colloid Interface Sci 2014; 431:132-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2014.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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21
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Wickramaratne NP, Jaroniec M. Facile synthesis of polymer and carbon spheres decorated with highly dispersed metal nanoparticles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:12341-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc05271d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Yu Y, Shapter JG, Popelka-Filcoff R, Bennett JW, Ellis AV. Copper removal using bio-inspired polydopamine coated natural zeolites. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2014; 273:174-182. [PMID: 24731937 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Herein, for the first time, natural clinoptilolite-rich zeolite powders modified with a bio-inspired adhesive, polydopamine (PDA), have been systematically studied as an adsorbent for copper cations (Cu(II)) from aqueous solution. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed successful grafting of PDA onto the zeolite surface. The effects of pH (2-5.5), PDA treatment time (3-24h), contact time (0 to 24h) and initial Cu(II) ion concentrations (1 to 500mgdm(-3)) on the adsorption of Cu(II) ions were studied using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and neutron activation analysis (NAA). The adsorption behavior was fitted to a Langmuir isotherm and shown to follow a pseudo-second-order reaction model. The maximum adsorption capacities of Cu(II) were shown to be 14.93mgg(-1) for pristine natural zeolite and 28.58mgg(-1) for PDA treated zeolite powders. This impressive 91.4% increase in Cu(II) ion adsorption capacity is attributed to the chelating ability of the PDA on the zeolite surface. Furthermore studies of recyclability using NAA showed that over 50% of the adsorbed copper could be removed in mild concentrations (0.01M or 0.1M) of either acid or base.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Flinders Centre for Nanoscale Science & Technology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Sturt Road, Bedford Park, Adelaide 5042, SA, Australia
| | - Joseph G Shapter
- Flinders Centre for Nanoscale Science & Technology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Sturt Road, Bedford Park, Adelaide 5042, SA, Australia
| | - Rachel Popelka-Filcoff
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Sturt Road, Bedford Park, Adelaide 5042, SA, Australia
| | - John W Bennett
- Centre for Nuclear Applications, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights 2234, NSW, Australia
| | - Amanda V Ellis
- Flinders Centre for Nanoscale Science & Technology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Sturt Road, Bedford Park, Adelaide 5042, SA, Australia.
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Lu AH, Hao GP, Zhang XQ. Porous Carbons for Carbon Dioxide Capture. GREEN CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-54646-4_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Tailoring microporosity and nitrogen content in carbons for achieving high uptake of CO2 at ambient conditions. ADSORPTION 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10450-013-9572-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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