1
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Grobelny Z, Jurek-Suliga J, Golba S. The influence of hydroxylic compounds on cationic polymerization of ɛ-caprolactone mediated by iron (III) chloride in tetrahydrofuran solution. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04355-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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2
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Cheechana N, Benchaphanthawee W, Akkravijitkul N, Rithchumpon P, Junpirom T, Limwanich W, Punyodom W, Kungwan N, Ngaojampa C, Thavornyutikarn P, Meepowpan P. Organocatalytic Ring-Opening Polymerization of ε-Caprolactone Using bis( N-( N'-butylimidazolium)alkane Dicationic Ionic Liquids as the Metal-Free Catalysts: Polymer Synthesis, Kinetics and DFT Mechanistic Study. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13244290. [PMID: 34960841 PMCID: PMC8705680 DOI: 10.3390/polym13244290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we successfully synthesized high thermal stable 1,n-bis(N-(N′-butylimidazolium)alkane bishexafluorophosphates (1,n-bis[Bim][PF6], n = 4, 6, 8, and 10) catalysts in 55–70% yields from imidazole which were applied as non-toxic DILs catalysts with 1-butanol as initiator for the bulk ROP of ε-caprolactone (CL) in the varied ratio of CL/nBuOH/1,4-bis[Bim][PF6] from 200/1.0/0.25–4.0 to 700/1.0/0.25–4.0 by mol%. The result found that the optimal ratio of CL/nBuOH/1,4-bis[Bim][PF6] 400/1.0/0.5 mol% at 120 °C for 72 h led to the polymerization conversions higher than 95%, with the molecular weight (Mw) of PCL 20,130 g mol−1 (Đ~1.80). The polymerization rate of CL increased with the decreasing linker chain length of ionic liquids. Moreover, the mechanistic study was investigated by DFT using B3LYP (6–31G(d,p)) as basis set. The most plausible mechanism included the stepwise and coordination insertion in which the alkoxide insertion step is the rate-determining step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaporn Cheechana
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.C.); (W.B.); (N.A.); (P.R.); (T.J.); (W.P.); (N.K.); (C.N.); (P.T.)
- Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Wachara Benchaphanthawee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.C.); (W.B.); (N.A.); (P.R.); (T.J.); (W.P.); (N.K.); (C.N.); (P.T.)
- Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Natthapol Akkravijitkul
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.C.); (W.B.); (N.A.); (P.R.); (T.J.); (W.P.); (N.K.); (C.N.); (P.T.)
- Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Puracheth Rithchumpon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.C.); (W.B.); (N.A.); (P.R.); (T.J.); (W.P.); (N.K.); (C.N.); (P.T.)
- Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Thiti Junpirom
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.C.); (W.B.); (N.A.); (P.R.); (T.J.); (W.P.); (N.K.); (C.N.); (P.T.)
| | - Wanich Limwanich
- Faculty of Sciences and Agricultural Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna, 128 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50300, Thailand;
| | - Winita Punyodom
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.C.); (W.B.); (N.A.); (P.R.); (T.J.); (W.P.); (N.K.); (C.N.); (P.T.)
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nawee Kungwan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.C.); (W.B.); (N.A.); (P.R.); (T.J.); (W.P.); (N.K.); (C.N.); (P.T.)
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chanisorn Ngaojampa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.C.); (W.B.); (N.A.); (P.R.); (T.J.); (W.P.); (N.K.); (C.N.); (P.T.)
| | - Praput Thavornyutikarn
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.C.); (W.B.); (N.A.); (P.R.); (T.J.); (W.P.); (N.K.); (C.N.); (P.T.)
| | - Puttinan Meepowpan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.C.); (W.B.); (N.A.); (P.R.); (T.J.); (W.P.); (N.K.); (C.N.); (P.T.)
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence:
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Patil S, Yoo J, Won YY. Investigation of the Mechanisms and Kinetics of DBU-Catalyzed PLGA Copolymerization via a Full-Scale Population Balance Analysis. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c03096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samruddhi Patil
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jin Yoo
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - You-Yeon Won
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
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4
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Pardeshi SR, Nikam A, Chandak P, Mandale V, Naik JB, Giram PS. Recent advances in PLGA based nanocarriers for drug delivery system: a state of the art review. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2021.1985495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sagar R. Pardeshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University Institute of Chemical Technology, KBC North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon, India
| | - Aniket Nikam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pune, India
| | - Priyanka Chandak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pune, India
| | - Vijaya Mandale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pune, India
| | - Jitendra B. Naik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University Institute of Chemical Technology, KBC North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon, India
| | - Prabhanjan S. Giram
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pune, India
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5
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Diaz IL, Sierra CA, Jérôme V, Freitag R, Perez LD. Target grafting of poly(2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) to biodegradable block copolymers. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20200204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivonne L. Diaz
- Department of ChemistryUniversidad Nacional de Colombia Bogotá D.C. Colombia
| | - Cesar A. Sierra
- Department of ChemistryUniversidad Nacional de Colombia Bogotá D.C. Colombia
| | - Valérie Jérôme
- Process BiotechnologyUniversity of Bayreuth Bayreuth Germany
| | - Ruth Freitag
- Process BiotechnologyUniversity of Bayreuth Bayreuth Germany
| | - León D. Perez
- Department of ChemistryUniversidad Nacional de Colombia Bogotá D.C. Colombia
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Zhu D, Guo L, Zhang W, Hu X, Nomura K, Vignesh A, Hao X, Zhang Q, Sun WH. Dialkylaluminum 2-substituted 6,6-dimethylcyclopentylpyridin-7-oxylates toward structural-differentiation of the ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone and l-lactides. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:4157-4167. [PMID: 30810136 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00137a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a series of dialkylaluminum 2-substituted 6,6-dimethylcyclopentyl pyridin-7-oxylates Al1-Al7 were synthesized and characterized by 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The molecular structure of Al3 was proven to be a dimer of an aluminum complex. These aluminum complexes could efficiently initiate the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of ε-caprolactone (CL), and the structural differentiations of the resultant PCL were strongly dependent on the amount of BnOH (PhCH2OH) used. In the absence of BnOH, the resultant PCL showed a cyclic structure, whereas BnO-capped linear PCL was obtained in the presence of >2.0 equivalents of BnOH; the resultant PCL was a mixture of linear and cyclic PCLs in the presence of 1.0 equivalent of BnOH. Moreover, these aluminum complexes exhibited high efficiency towards the ROP of l-lactide (LLA); however, the activities were lower than those for the ROP of ε-CL. Without BnOH, the resultant PLLA showed a highly linear structure with the alkyl-end group from aluminum complexes; on the other hand, PLLA displayed a major cyclic structure and minor BnO-capped linear PLLA if 1.0 equivalent of BnOH was employed, and the percentage of BnO-capped linear PLLA was increased by increasing the amount of BnOH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongzhi Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R&D and Assessment, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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7
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Polymers of ε-Caprolactone Using New Copper(II) and Zinc(II) Complexes as Initiators: Synthesis, Characterization and X-Ray Crystal Structures. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10111239. [PMID: 30961164 PMCID: PMC6401771 DOI: 10.3390/polym10111239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Five of six new Zn(II) and Cu(II) complexes were active in the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of ε-caprolactone (CL) under solvent-free conditions, producing polycaprolactones (PCLs) of high crystallinity with molecular weights between 22,900 and 38,700 g mol−1 and decomposition temperatures above 260 °C. 1H NMR analysis demonstrated that the PCLs obtained were mainly linear, having hydroxymethylene groups at the chain ends. The results obtained indicated a significant improvement in terms of the ratio of monomer:initiator compared to related Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes. In addition, the structures of the complexes 1 and 4 were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The synthesis and full characterization of all complexes are described in this paper.
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8
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Bello-Vieda NJ, Murcia RA, Muñoz-Castro A, Macías MA, Hurtado JJ. Coordination Polymers Containing 1,3-Phenylenebis-((1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methanone) Ligand: Synthesis and ε-Caprolactone Polymerization Behavior. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22111860. [PMID: 29125574 PMCID: PMC6150338 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The reaction of isophthaloyl dichloride with 1H-1,2,4-triazole afforded the new ligand 1,3-phenylenebis(1,2,4-triazole-1-yl)methanone (1). A series of Co(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Ni(II) complexes were synthesized using 1 and then characterized by melting point analysis, elemental analysis, theoretical calculations, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared and Raman spectroscopy. Experimental and computational studies predict the formation of coordination polymers (CPs). The cobalt and copper CPs and zinc(II) complex were found to be good initiators for the ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone (CL) under solvent-free conditions. 1H-NMR analysis showed that the obtained polymers of CL were mainly linear and had terminal hydroxymethylene groups. Differential scanning calorimetry showed that the obtained polycaprolactones had high crystallinity, and TGA showed that they had decomposition temperatures above 400 °C. These results provide insight and guidance for the design of metal complexes with potential applications in the polymerization of CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nestor J Bello-Vieda
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1 N° 18A-12, Bogotá 111711, Colombia.
| | - Ricardo A Murcia
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1 N° 18A-12, Bogotá 111711, Colombia.
| | - Alvaro Muñoz-Castro
- Grupo de Química Inorgánica y Materiales Moleculares, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, El Llano Subercaseaux 2801, Santiago 8910060, Chile.
- Relativistic Molecular Physics (ReMoPh) Group, Universidad Andres Bello, Republica 275, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Mario A Macías
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1 N° 18A-12, Bogotá 111711, Colombia.
| | - John J Hurtado
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1 N° 18A-12, Bogotá 111711, Colombia.
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9
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Synthesis, crystal structure, catalytic and anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity of a new chromium(III) complex containing bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)methane. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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10
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Zhang Q, Zhang W, Rajendran NM, Liang T, Sun WH. Thermo-enhanced ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone: the synthesis, characterization, and catalytic behavior of aluminum hydroquinolin-8-olates. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:7833-7843. [PMID: 28594017 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01720k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of highly sensitive aluminum hydroquinolin-8-olates (C1-C8) was synthesized and characterized by 1H/13C NMR spectroscopy. The molecular structures of compounds C1, C3, C4, and C5 were confirmed by single crystal X-ray crystallography and demonstrated the binuclear form. In the presence of BnOH, all the aluminum complexes exhibited moderate to high activities towards the ring-opening polymerization of ε-CL at high temperatures, but quite low activities at ambient temperature. Microstructure analysis of the resultant polycaprolactones showed that the polymers were linear in nature with a BnO- end group. In addition, the mechanism was investigated by monitoring the 1H NMR and 27Al NMR of C1 and these results suggested that the complexes existed as dimeric species at low temperature and partly converted into active mononuclear species at higher temperatures, which was easily coordinated by BnOH to afford the active species for the ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiurui Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China. and Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | | | - Tongling Liang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Wen-Hua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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11
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Lu N, Jiang Z, Pei H, Liu W, Li Y, Dong Y. Ring‐Opening Polymerization of ε‐Caprolactone Initiated by Aluminium Complexes Based on Pyridine‐Substituted Asymmetric β‐Diketiminate Ligands. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201601375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Lu
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 215123 Suzhou P. R. China
| | - Zhilei Jiang
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 215123 Suzhou P. R. China
| | - Hao Pei
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 215123 Suzhou P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 215123 Suzhou P. R. China
| | - Yahong Li
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 215123 Suzhou P. R. China
| | - Yaping Dong
- Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Resources and Chemistry Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of Sciences 810008 Xining P. R. China
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12
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Truong TT, Thai SH, Nguyen HT, Vuong VD, Nguyen LTT. Synthesis of allyl end-block functionalized poly(ε-caprolactone)s and their facile post-functionalization via thiol-ene reaction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Thu Truong
- Faculty of Materials Technology; Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology, Vietnam National University (VNU-HCM); 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10 Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Son Hong Thai
- Faculty of Materials Technology; Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology, Vietnam National University (VNU-HCM); 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10 Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Ha Tran Nguyen
- Faculty of Materials Technology; Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology, Vietnam National University (VNU-HCM); 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10 Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
- Materials Technology Key Laboratory (Mtlab); Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, Vietnam National University (VNU-HCM); 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10 Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Vinh-Dat Vuong
- Materials Technology Key Laboratory (Mtlab); Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, Vietnam National University (VNU-HCM); 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10 Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Le-Thu T. Nguyen
- Faculty of Materials Technology; Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology, Vietnam National University (VNU-HCM); 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10 Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
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Saito T, Aizawa Y, Tajima K, Isono T, Satoh T. Organophosphate-catalyzed bulk ring-opening polymerization as an environmentally benign route leading to block copolyesters, end-functionalized polyesters, and polyester-based polyurethane. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00533g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
To expand the potential of an organophosphate catalyst, ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters, cyclic ester-ether, and cyclic carbonate was demonstrated under bulk conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Saito
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo, 060-8628
- Japan
| | - Yusuke Aizawa
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo, 060-8628
- Japan
| | - Kenji Tajima
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 060-8628
- Japan
| | - Takuya Isono
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 060-8628
- Japan
| | - Toshifumi Satoh
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 060-8628
- Japan
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14
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Zhu N, Zhang Z, Feng W, Zeng Y, Li Z, Fang Z, Zhang K, Li Z, Guo K. Sn(OTf)2 catalyzed continuous flow ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra02583d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A simple PTFE tubular microreactor based platform was successfully developed to conduct Sn(OTf)2 catalyzed ε-caprolactone polymerization with better control of reaction conditions, faster polymerizations and narrower molecular weight distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Zilong Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Weiyang Feng
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Yuqiang Zeng
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Zhongyue Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Zheng Fang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Kai Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Zhenjiang Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
| | - Kai Guo
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
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15
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Wang Y, Liu B, Wang X, Zhao W, Liu D, Liu X, Cui D. Immortal ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone by a neat magnesium catalyst system: an approach to obtain block and amphiphilic star polymers in situ. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00384e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Building of various functional and topological microstructured PCLs via the immortal catalyst system of MgnBu2/ROH and click reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022, China
- Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022, China
- Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022, China
- Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Dongtao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xinli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022, China
| | - Dongmei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022, China
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16
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Synthesis, structure and properties of poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) statistical copolymers. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2012; 9:100-12. [PMID: 22498288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2012.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 01/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Four poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) copolymers were synthesized at 120, 130, 140 and 150 °C by ring opening polymerization using stannous octoate catalyst at a 2000:1 comonomer:catalyst ratio. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and (1)H NMR measurements were performed to determine the molecular weight, composition and chain microstructure of copolymers of L-lactide(LA):ε-caprolactone(CL) synthesized using 90:10, 80:20, 75:25 and 70:30 feed ratios. The overall conversion of these PLCL copolymers was in the range of 80%-90% leading to weight average molecular weights (M(w)) between 98,500 and 226,000 g mol(-1) depending on feed composition and polymerization temperature. At temperatures lower than 140 °C, the incorporation of CL units into polymer chains was incomplete because of the low reactivity of CL, thus at 120 °C the copolymer composition was difficult to control obtaining more LA in the copolymer than the desired, hence the blocky character of PLCL copolymers also increased. At 150 °C the catalyst was less effective and the molecular weights of the copolymers took lower values. A temperature of 140 °C was established as optimal to obtain highest yields and molecular weight. The number average crystallizable lactide sequence lengths (l(LA)) shifted from 6.5 to 16.7 LA repeat units for PLCL polymerized at 140 °C while the randomness character (R) value shifted from 0.4 for polymerization at 130 °C to 0.6, at 150 °C. Increasing the LA content in the copolymers the glass transition temperature and the crystallizability and melting temperature of PLCLs approached to that of PLLA homopolymer. The aging sensitivity of PLCLs increased with CL content. A double T(g) behavior due to phase separation associated to crystallizing LA blocks was observed during aging. The mechanical properties, however, evolved toward the PLLA character when the molar content of LA in PLCL was increased from 66% to 90%, observing a shift from an elastomeric thermoplastic behavior to that of a glassy plastic, reflected by an increase in tensile modulus (from 12.0 to 1343.1 MPa) and a decrease in strain recovery after break (from 93.5% to 25.0%). Small amounts of CL content in the copolymers produced large improvements in their deformability with regard to PLLA. In addition, thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that PLCLs are more stable to thermal degradation than PLLA and they undergo a more complex degradation mechanism than those of the corresponding homopolymers.
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Weng S, Xia Z, Chen J, Gong L, Xu R. In Situ synthesis of multiblock copolymers of poly(ϵ-caprolactone) with different poly(ether diols) based polyurethane by reactive extrusion. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.35366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Hou W, Chen J, Yan X, Shi Z, Sun J. A single active site metal center of neodymocene chloride for the ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.34599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Qian H, Wohl AR, Crow JT, Macosko CW, Hoye TR. A Strategy for Control of "Random" Copolymerization of Lactide and Glycolide: Application to Synthesis of PEG-b-PLGA Block Polymers Having Narrow Dispersity. Macromolecules 2011; 44:7132-7140. [PMID: 22287809 PMCID: PMC3266509 DOI: 10.1021/ma201169z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is a biodegradable copolymer that is also acceptable for use in a variety of biomedical applications. Typically, a random PLGA polymer is synthesized in a bulk batch polymerization using a tin-based catalyst at high temperatures. This methodology results in relatively broad polydispersity indexes (PDIs) due to transesterification, and the polymer product is often discolored. We report here the use of 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]-undec-7-ene (DBU), a known, effective, and convenient organocatalyst for the ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters, to synthesize random copolymers of lactide and glycolide. The polymerization kinetics of the homo- and copolymerizations of lactide and glycolide were explored via NMR spectroscopy. A novel strategy that employs a controlled addition of the more reactive glycolide monomer to a solution containing the lactide monomer, the poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) macroinitiator, and DBU catalyst was developed. Using this tactic (semi-batch polymerization), we synthesized a series of block copolymers that exhibited excellent correlation of the expected and observed molecular weights and possessed narrow PDIs. We also measured the thermal properties of these block copolymers and observed trends based on the composition of the block copolymer. We also explored the need for experimental rigor in several aspects of the preparations and have identified a set of convenient reaction conditions that provide polymer products that retain the aforementioned desirable characteristics. These polymerizations proceed rapidly at room temperature and without the need for tin-based catalysts to provide PEG-b-PLGAs suitable for use in biomedical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Qian
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Adam R. Wohl
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Jordan T. Crow
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Christopher W. Macosko
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Thomas R. Hoye
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
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Dakshinamoorthy D, Peruch F. Titanium complexes based on aminodiol ligands for the ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone, rac-β-butyrolactone, and trimethylene carbonate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Liang L, Tsai T, Li C, Hsu Y, Lee T. Synthesis, Structure, and Ring‐Opening Polymerization Catalysis of Zinc Complexes Containing Amido Phosphinimine Ligands. Eur J Inorg Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201001362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lan‐Chang Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience &Nanotechnology, National Sun Yat‐sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Tzung‐Ling Tsai
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience &Nanotechnology, National Sun Yat‐sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chun‐Wei Li
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience &Nanotechnology, National Sun Yat‐sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Yu‐Lin Hsu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience &Nanotechnology, National Sun Yat‐sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Ting‐Yu Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
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Okuda J, Kleinhenn T, König P, Taden I, Ngo S, Rushkin IL. Ring-opening polymerization of lactones by mono(cyclopentadienyl)titanium complexes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.19950950117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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23
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Xu Q, Zhang C, Cai S, Zhu P, Liu L. Large-scale microwave-assisted ring-opening polymerization of ɛ-caprolactone. J IND ENG CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2009.09.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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24
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Liu LJ, Cai SJ, Tan Y, Du JJ, Dong HQ, Wu XJ, Wu MY, Liao LQ. Ring opening insertion polymerization of ε-caprolactone with hydrogen phosphonate initiators. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Abstract
Polycaprolactone (PCL) is an important polymer due to its mechanical properties, miscibility with a large range of other polymers and biodegradability. Two main pathways to produce polycaprolactone have been described in the literature: the polycondensation of a hydroxycarboxylic acid: 6-hydroxyhexanoic acid, and the ring-opening polymerisation (ROP) of a lactone: epsilon-caprolactone (epsilon-CL). This critical review summarises the different conditions which have been described to synthesise PCL, and gives a broad overview of the different catalytic systems that were used (enzymatic, organic and metal catalyst systems). A surprising variety of catalytic systems have been studied, touching on virtually every section of the periodic table. A detailed list of reaction conditions and catalysts/initiators is given and reaction mechanisms are presented where known. Emphasis is put on the ROP pathway due to its prevalence in the literature and the superior polymer that is obtained. In addition, ineffective systems that have been tried to catalyse the production of PCL are included in the electronic supplementary information for completeness (141 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Labet
- Driving Innovation in Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry-Faculty of Science, The University of Nottingham, University Park, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
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ZHU N, LING J, XIAO K, SHEN Z. RING-OPENING POLYMERIZATION OF ε-CAPROLACTONE IN 1-BUTYL-3-METHYLIMIDAZOLIUM CHLORIDE IONIC LIQUID. ACTA POLYM SIN 2009. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1105.2009.00838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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27
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Li P, Zerroukhi A, Chen J, Chalamet Y, Jeanmaire T, Xia Z. Synthesis of poly(ɛ-caprolactone)-block-poly(n-butyl acrylate) by combining ring-opening polymerization and atom transfer radical polymerization with Ti[OCH2CCl3]4 as difunctional initiator: I. Kinetic study of Ti[OCH2CCl3]4 initiated ring-opening polymerization of ɛ-caprolactone. POLYMER 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2009.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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28
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Li P, Zerroukhi A, Chen J, Chalamet Y, Jeanmaire T, Xia Z. Kinetics study of Ti[O(CH2)4OCHCH2]4initiated ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone by differential scanning calorimetry. J Appl Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/app.28962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Zhang C, Liao L, Gong S. Zinc lactate-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization of trimethylene carbonate under microwave irradiation. J Appl Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/app.28651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Ring-opening polymerization of ɛ-caprolactone by lanthanide tris(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenolate)s: Characteristics, kinetics and mechanism. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2008.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Wei Z, Liu L, Qi M. Kinetics and mechanism of the ring opening polymerization of (R,S)-β-butyrolactone initiated with dibutylmagnesium. Eur Polym J 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2007.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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32
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Du ZX, Xu JT, Yang Y, Fan ZQ. Synthesis and characterization of poly(ε-caprolactone)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) block copolymers prepared by a salicylaldimine-aluminum complex. J Appl Polym Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/app.26113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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33
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Liao L, Liu L, Zhang C, Gong S(S. Microwave-Assisted Ring-Opening Polymerization ofɛ-Caprolactone in the Presence of Ionic Liquid. Macromol Rapid Commun 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.200600591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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34
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Hsieh IP, Huang CH, Lee HM, Kuo PC, Huang JH, Lee HI, Cheng JT, Lee GH. Indium complexes incorporating bidentate substituted pyrrole ligand: Synthesis, characterization, and ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone. Inorganica Chim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2005.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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35
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Bhaw-Luximon A, Jhurry D, Motala-Timol S, Lochee Y. Polymerization of ɛ-Caprolactone and its Copolymerization with γ-Butyrolactone using Metal Complexes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.200590025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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36
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Persson PV, Schröder J, Wickholm K, Hedenström E, Iversen T. Selective Organocatalytic Ring-Opening Polymerization: A Versatile Route to Carbohydrate-Functionalized Poly(ε-caprolactones). Macromolecules 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/ma049562j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Per Valdemar Persson
- STFI, Swedish Pulp and Paper Research Institute, Box 5604, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden, and Chemistry, Department of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Mid Sweden University, SE-851 70 Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - Jessica Schröder
- STFI, Swedish Pulp and Paper Research Institute, Box 5604, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden, and Chemistry, Department of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Mid Sweden University, SE-851 70 Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - Kristina Wickholm
- STFI, Swedish Pulp and Paper Research Institute, Box 5604, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden, and Chemistry, Department of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Mid Sweden University, SE-851 70 Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - Erik Hedenström
- STFI, Swedish Pulp and Paper Research Institute, Box 5604, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden, and Chemistry, Department of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Mid Sweden University, SE-851 70 Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - Tommy Iversen
- STFI, Swedish Pulp and Paper Research Institute, Box 5604, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden, and Chemistry, Department of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Mid Sweden University, SE-851 70 Sundsvall, Sweden
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37
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Cretu A, Gattin R, Brachais L, Barbier-Baudry D. Synthesis and degradation of poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-graft-poly (ε-caprolactone) copolymers. Polym Degrad Stab 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2003.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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38
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Deng M, Chen X, Piao L, Zhang X, Dai Z, Jing X. Synthesis of four-armed poly(ε-caprolactone)-block
-poly(ethylene oxide) by diethylzinc catalyst. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.11052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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39
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Kim BJ, White JL. Engineering analysis of the reactive extrusion of ?-caprolactone: The influence of processing on molecular degradation during reactive extrusion. J Appl Polym Sci 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/app.20855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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40
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Williams CK, Breyfogle LE, Choi SK, Nam W, Young VG, Hillmyer MA, Tolman WB. A Highly Active Zinc Catalyst for the Controlled Polymerization of Lactide. J Am Chem Soc 2003; 125:11350-9. [PMID: 16220958 DOI: 10.1021/ja0359512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 506] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report the preparation, structural characterization, and detailed lactide polymerization behavior of a new Zn(II) alkoxide complex, (L(1)ZnOEt)(2) (L(1) = 2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-{[(2'-dimethylaminoethyl)methylamino]methyl}phenolate). While an X-ray crystal structure revealed the complex to be dimeric in the solid state, nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometric analyses showed that the monomeric form L(1)ZnOEt predominates in solution. The polymerization of lactide using this complex proceeded with good molecular weight control and gave relatively narrow molecular weight distribution polylactide, even at catalyst loadings of <0.1% that yielded M(n) as high as 130 kg mol(-)(1). The effect of impurities on the molecular weight of the product polymers was accounted for using a simple model. Detailed kinetic studies of the polymerization reaction enabled integral and nonintegral orders in L(1)ZnOEt to be distinguished and the empirical rate law to be elucidated, -d[LA]/dt = k(p)[L(1)ZnOEt][LA]. These studies also showed that L(1)ZnOEt polymerizes lactide at a rate faster than any other Zn-containing system reported previously. This work provides important mechanistic information pertaining to the polymerization of lactide and other cyclic esters by discrete metal alkoxide complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte K Williams
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, USA
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41
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Sivalingam G, Agarwal N, Madras G. Kinetics of microwave-assisted polymerization of ?-caprolactone. J Appl Polym Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/app.13318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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42
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Synthesis and characterization of (C5H9C9H6)2Yb(THF)2(II) (1) and [(C5H9C5H4)2Yb(THF)]2O2 (2), and ring-opening polymerization of lactones with 1. J Organomet Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(02)01180-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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43
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Liao LQ, Liu LJ, Zhang C, He F, Zhuo RX, Wan K. Microwave-assisted ring-opening polymerization of ?-caprolactone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.10256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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44
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Cheng M, Moore DR, Reczek JJ, Chamberlain BM, Lobkovsky EB, Coates GW. Single-site beta-diiminate zinc catalysts for the alternating copolymerization of CO2 and epoxides: catalyst synthesis and unprecedented polymerization activity. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:8738-49. [PMID: 11535078 DOI: 10.1021/ja003850n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 458] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic routes to zinc beta-diiminate complexes are reported. The synthesis of 11 beta-diimine [(BDI)-H] ligands, with varying N-aryl substituents and bridging structures, is described. These ligands are converted to (BDI)ZnX complexes (X = OAc, Et, N(SiMe3)2, Br, Cl, OH, OMe, O(i)Pr). X-ray structural data revealed that all zinc complexes examined exist as micro-X-bridged dimers in the solid state, with the exception of the zinc ethyl and amido complexes which were monomeric. Complexes of the form (BDI)ZnOR (R = alkyl, acyl) and (BDI)ZnN(SiMe3)2 are highly active catalysts for the alternating copolymerization of epoxides and CO2. Copolymerizations of cyclohexene oxide (CHO) and CO2 with (BDI-1)ZnX [(BDI-1) = 2-((2,6-diisopropylphenyl)amido)-4-((2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imino)-2-pentene)] and (BDI-2)ZnX [(BDI-2) = 2-((2,6-diethylphenyl)amido)-4-((2,6-diethylphenyl)imino)-2-pentene)], where X = OAc, Et, N(SiMe3)2, Br, Cl, OH, OMe, O(i)Pr, were attempted at 50 degrees C and 100 psi CO2. Complexes with X = OAc, N(SiMe3)2, OMe, O(i)Pr all produced polycarbonate by the alternated insertion of CHO and CO2 with similar catalytic activities, comparable molecular weights, and narrow molecular weight distributions (MWD approximately 1.1), indicating the copolymerizations are living. Furthermore, ligand effects were shown to dramatically influence the polymerization activity as minor steric changes accelerated or terminated the polymerization activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, USA
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45
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Ryner M, Finne A, Albertsson AC, Kricheldorf HR. l-Lactide Macromonomer Synthesis Initiated by New Cyclic Tin Alkoxides Functionalized for Brushlike Structures. Macromolecules 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0106898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ryner
- Department of Polymer Technology, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden, and Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Bundesstr. 45, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna Finne
- Department of Polymer Technology, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden, and Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Bundesstr. 45, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ann-Christine Albertsson
- Department of Polymer Technology, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden, and Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Bundesstr. 45, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans R. Kricheldorf
- Department of Polymer Technology, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden, and Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Bundesstr. 45, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany
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46
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Christian P, Jones I. Polymerisation and stabilisation of polycaprolactone using a borontrifluoride–glycerol catalyst system. POLYMER 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(00)00735-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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47
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Stridsberg K, Ryner M, Albertsson AC. Dihydroxy-Terminated Poly(l-lactide) Obtained by Controlled Ring-Opening Polymerization: Investigation of the Polymerization Mechanism. Macromolecules 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ma991811u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kajsa Stridsberg
- Department of Polymer Technology, Royal Institute of Technology, S-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Ryner
- Department of Polymer Technology, Royal Institute of Technology, S-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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48
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Deng XM, Yuan ML, Xiong CD, Li XH. Polymerization of lactides and lactones. II. Ring-opening polymerization of ?-caprolactone andDL-lactide by organoacid rare earth compounds. J Appl Polym Sci 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19990321)71:12<1941::aid-app2>3.0.co;2-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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49
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Hubert-Pfalzgraf LG. Some aspects of homo and heterometallic alkoxides based on functional alcohols. Coord Chem Rev 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0010-8545(98)00080-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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50
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Stevels WM, Ankoné, MJK, Dijkstra PJ, Feijen J. Kinetics and Mechanism of l-Lactide Polymerization Using Two Different Yttrium Alkoxides as Initiators. Macromolecules 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/ma9605311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Willem M. Stevels
- Department of Chemical Technology and Institute for Biomedical Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Marc J. K. Ankoné,
- Department of Chemical Technology and Institute for Biomedical Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter J. Dijkstra
- Department of Chemical Technology and Institute for Biomedical Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Feijen
- Department of Chemical Technology and Institute for Biomedical Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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