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Phillies GDJ. Review: Kirkwood-Riseman Model in Non-Dilute Polymeric Fluids. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3216. [PMID: 37571108 PMCID: PMC10421467 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In two prior articles, I demonstrated from extensive simulational studies by myself and others that the Rouse model of polymer dynamics is invalid in polymer melts and in dilute solution. However, the Rouse model is the foundational basis for most modern theories of polymeric fluid dynamics, such as reptation/scaling models. One therefore rationally asks whether there is a replacement. There is, namely by extending the Kirkwood-Riseman model. Here, I present a comprehensive review of one such set of extensions, namely the hydrodynamic scaling model. This model assumes that polymer dynamics in dilute and concentrated solution is dominated by solvent-mediated hydrodynamic interactions; chain crossing constraints are taken to create only secondary corrections. Many other models assume, contrariwise, that in concentrated solutions, the chain crossing constraints dominate the dynamics. An extended Kirkwood-Riseman model incorporating interchain hydrodynamic interactions is developed. It yields pseudovirial series for the concentration and molecular weight dependencies of the self-diffusion coefficient Ds and the low-shear viscosity η. To extrapolate to large concentrations, rationales based on self-similarity and on the Altenberger-Dahler positive-function renormalization group are presented. The rationales correctly predict how Ds and η depend on polymer concentration and molecular weight. The renormalization group approach leads to a two-parameter ansatz that correctly predicts the functional forms of the frequency dependencies of the storage and loss moduli. A short description is given of each of the papers that led to the hydrodynamic scaling model. Experiments supporting the aspects of the model are noted.
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2
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Beech HK, Johnson JA, Olsen BD. Conformation of Network Strands in Polymer Gels. ACS Macro Lett 2023; 12:325-330. [PMID: 36802508 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Small angle neutron scattering was used to measure single chain radii of gyration of end-linked polymer gels before and after cross-linking to calculate the prestrain, which is the ratio of the average chain size in a cross-linked network to that of a free chain in solution. The prestrain increased from 1.06 ± 0.01 to 1.16 ± 0.02 as gel synthesis concentration decreased near the overlap concentration, indicating that the chains are slightly more stretched in the network than in solution. Dilute gels with higher loop fractions were found to be spatially homogeneous. Form factor and volumetric scaling analyses independently confirmed that elastic strands stretch by 2-23% from Gaussian conformations to create a space-spanning network, with increased stretching as network synthesis concentration decreases. Prestrain measurements reported here serve as a point of reference for network theories that rely on this parameter for the calculation of mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley K Beech
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jeremiah A Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Bradley D Olsen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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3
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Carrick BR, Weigand S, Seitzinger CL, Lodge TP. Concentration and Temperature Dependence of the Interaction Parameter and Correlation Length for Poly(benzyl methacrylate) in Ionic Liquids. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian R. Carrick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Steven Weigand
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Claire L. Seitzinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Timothy P. Lodge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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4
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Tang YH, Ledieu E, Cervellere MR, Millett PC, Ford DM, Qian X. Formation of polyethersulfone membranes via nonsolvent induced phase separation process from dissipative particle dynamics simulations. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.117826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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5
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Characterization of conformational transition of polymers with low molecular weights in solutions by fluorescence resonance energy transfer. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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6
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Song L, Lin J, Liu P, Li J, Jiang S, Huang D. Quantitative determination of the spring entropy effect and its indication of the conformational change of polymer coils with varying concentration in aqueous poly( N-isopropylamide) solutions. RSC Adv 2019; 9:5540-5549. [PMID: 35515908 PMCID: PMC9060781 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra00117d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The lower critical solution temperature (LCST) phase separation behaviors of thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) aqueous solutions were investigated by power-compensation differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The entropic effect and hence the change of swelling state of PNIPAM polymer coils in homogeneous concentrated aqueous solutions with varied solution composition was elucidated by the isothermal enthalpy demixing recovery behaviors in distinct concentration regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Song
- Department of Polymer Material Science and Engineering, Institution of Advanced Polymer Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Jiaxiang Lin
- Department of Polymer Material Science and Engineering, Institution of Advanced Polymer Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Panpan Liu
- Department of Polymer Material Science and Engineering, Institution of Advanced Polymer Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Jingqing Li
- Department of Polymer Material Science and Engineering, Institution of Advanced Polymer Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Shichun Jiang
- Department of Polymer Material Science and Engineering, Institution of Advanced Polymer Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Dinghai Huang
- Department of Polymer Material Science and Engineering, Institution of Advanced Polymer Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
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7
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Buenning E, Jestin J, Huang Y, Benicewicz BC, Durning CJ, Kumar SK. Location of Imbibed Solvent in Polymer-Grafted Nanoparticle Membranes. ACS Macro Lett 2018; 7:1051-1055. [PMID: 35632947 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.8b00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Membranes made purely from nanoparticles (NPs) grafted with polymer chains show increased gas permeability relative to the analogous neat polymer films, with this effect apparently being tunable with systematic variations in polymer graft density and molecular weight. To explore the structural origins of these unusual transport results, we use small angle scattering (neutron, X-ray) on the dry nanocomposite film and to critically examine in situ the structural effects of absorbed solvent. The relatively low diffusion coefficients of typical solvents (∼10-12 m2/s) restricts us to thin films (≈1 μm in thickness) if solute concentration profiles are to equilibrate on the 1 s time scale. The use of such thin films, however, renders them as weak scatterers. Inspired by our nearly two decades old previous work, we address these conflicting requirements through the use of a custom designed flow cell, where stacks of 10 individual ≈1 μm thick supported films are used, while ensuring that each film is individually exposed to solvent vapor. By using isotopically labeled solvents, we study the solvent distribution within the film and show surprisingly that the solvent homogeneously swells the polymer under all conditions that we examined. These results are not anticipated by current theories, but they suggest that, at least under some conditions, the free volume increases due to the grafting of chains to nanoparticles is apparently distributed isotropically in these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen Buenning
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Jacques Jestin
- CEA Saclay, Lab Léon Brillouin, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France
| | - Yucheng Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29201, United States
| | - Brian C. Benicewicz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29201, United States
| | - Christopher J. Durning
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Sanat K. Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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8
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9
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Iwamoto T, Doi Y, Kinoshita K, Takano A, Takahashi Y, Kim E, Kim TH, Takata SI, Nagao M, Matsushita Y. Conformations of Ring Polystyrenes in Semidilute Solutions and in Linear Polymer Matrices Studied by SANS. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Iwamoto
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yuya Doi
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Keita Kinoshita
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takano
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Takahashi
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Eunhye Kim
- HANARO Research Reactor Utilization Development, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Daejeon 305-353, Korea
| | - Tae-Hwan Kim
- HANARO Research Reactor Utilization Development, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Daejeon 305-353, Korea
| | - Shin-ichi Takata
- J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Michihiro Nagao
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6102, United States
- Center for Exploration of Energy and Matter, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, United States
| | - Yushu Matsushita
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
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10
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Chen Z, McDonald S, FitzGerald P, Warr GG, Atkin R. Small angle neutron scattering study of the conformation of poly(ethylene oxide) dissolved in deep eutectic solvents. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 506:486-492. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.07.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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11
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Sha Y, Zhu Q, Wan Y, Li L, Wang X, Xue G, Zhou D. Synthesis of polymer with defined fluorescent end groups via reversible addition fragmentation transfer polymerization for characterizing the conformations of polymer chains in solutions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Sha
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology (Nanjing University), Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructure, Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology (Nanjing University), Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructure, Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanxin Wan
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology (Nanjing University), Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructure, Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 People's Republic of China
| | - Linling Li
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology (Nanjing University), Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructure, Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology (Nanjing University), Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructure, Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 People's Republic of China
| | - Gi Xue
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology (Nanjing University), Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructure, Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 People's Republic of China
| | - Dongshan Zhou
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology (Nanjing University), Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructure, Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Xinjiang Laboratory of Phase Transitions and Microstructures in Condensed Matters; Yili Normal University; Yining 835000 People's Republic of China
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12
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Chen Z, McDonald S, Fitzgerald PA, Warr GG, Atkin R. Structural effect of glyme–Li+ salt solvate ionic liquids on the conformation of poly(ethylene oxide). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:14894-903. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp00919k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Conformation of poly(ethylene oxide) in solvate ionic liquids is affected by the solvent structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfei Chen
- Priority Research Centre for Advanced Fluids and Interfaces
- Newcastle Institute for Energy and Resources
- The University of Newcastle
- Callaghan
- Australia
| | - Samila McDonald
- Priority Research Centre for Advanced Fluids and Interfaces
- Newcastle Institute for Energy and Resources
- The University of Newcastle
- Callaghan
- Australia
| | | | | | - Rob Atkin
- Priority Research Centre for Advanced Fluids and Interfaces
- Newcastle Institute for Energy and Resources
- The University of Newcastle
- Callaghan
- Australia
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13
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Chen Z, FitzGerald PA, Warr GG, Atkin R. Conformation of poly(ethylene oxide) dissolved in the solvate ionic liquid [Li(G4)]TFSI. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:14872-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp02033f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PEO dissolves in [Li(G4)]TFSI via coordination with Li+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfei Chen
- Newcastle Institute for Energy and Resources
- The University of Newcastle
- Callaghan
- Australia
| | | | | | - Rob Atkin
- Newcastle Institute for Energy and Resources
- The University of Newcastle
- Callaghan
- Australia
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14
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Dattani R, Michels R, Nedoma AJ, Schweins R, Westacott P, Huber K, Cabral JT. Conformation and Interactions of Polystyrene and Fullerenes in Dilute to Semidilute Solutions. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma501015s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rolf Michels
- Physikalische
Chemie, Universität Paderborn, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | | | - Ralf Schweins
- Institut Laue-Langevin, DS/LSS, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Klaus Huber
- Physikalische
Chemie, Universität Paderborn, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
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15
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Elias HG. Disordered Condensed Systems. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527627233.ch6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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16
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Nardai MM, Zifferer G. Shielding effects in polymer-polymer reactions. V. Concentration dependence of contact formation between star-branched and linear chains. POLYMER 2013; 54:4183-4193. [PMID: 23874002 PMCID: PMC3714599 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
By use of the Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) simulation technique mixtures of star-branched (arm number F = 4) and linear chains in athermal (good) solvent are analyzed regarding probabilities for intermolecular contacts of various reactive sites within different polymer coils. The accompanying sterical hindrances are described in the framework of shielding factors in order to investigate reactions and side reactions in radical polymerization and other techniques that involve polymer–polymer coupling. The shielding factors are studied as a function of total concentration from high dilution up to the bulk for different chain lengths of star-shaped and linear chains. Results indicate that their concentration dependence can be described by a power law for systems above the overlap concentration, whereas the chain length dependence vanishes when extrapolating to infinite chain lengths in that concentration range. Also the influence of the ratio of star chains and linear chains is studied for various concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael M Nardai
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 42, A-1090 Wien, Austria
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17
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Lebedev VT, Mel’nikov AB, Török G, Vinogradova LV. Self-organization of sulfopolystyrene ionomers in solutions: Dependence on the polarity of the solution and the content of ionogenic groups in chains. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x11080049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Wignall GD, Bates FS. Applications and limitations of deuterium labeling methods to neutron scattering studies of polymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.19880150108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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19
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Serdyuk IN, Yu. Pavlov M. A new approach in small-angle neutron scattering: A method of triple isotopic substitutions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.19880150112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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20
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Le Coeur C, Teixeira J, Busch P, Longeville S. Compression of random coils due to macromolecular crowding: scaling effects. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2010; 81:061914. [PMID: 20866447 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.81.061914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2009] [Revised: 05/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The addition of a macromolecular crowding agent to a dilute solution of polymer exerts a compressive force that tends to reduce the size of the chain. We study here the effect of changing the size ratio between the random coil and the crowding agent. The compression occurs at lower crowding agent concentration, Φ when polymer molecular weight increases. The Flory exponent ν(Φ) decreases from ν(0)≃0.48 in water down to 0.3 with macromolecular crowding. The effective polymer-polymer interactions change from repulsive to strongly attractive inducing aggregation of the chains. This effect changes drastically for larger polymer sizes, being much more pronounced at high molecular weights.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Le Coeur
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, CEA-CNRS, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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21
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Cheng G, Graessley WW, Melnichenko YB. Polymer dimensions in good solvents: crossover from semidilute to concentrated solutions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:157801. [PMID: 19518673 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.157801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Using small-angle neutron scattering, we studied the variation of the polymer radius of gyration (R_{g}) as a function of polymer concentration (varphi) for solutions of a flexible-chain poly(methyl methacrylate) in chloroform. We observed for the first time a distinct crossover between swollen coils in the semidilute regime, where R_{g};{2} proportional, variantvarphi;{-0.26+/-0.03}, and unperturbed coils in the concentrated regime, where R_{g} is independent on concentration. The crossover occurs at varphi;{double dagger} approximately 0.15, a value that agrees reasonably well with varphi;{double dagger} approximately 0.21 +/- 0.035, estimated with a scaling relationship between varphi;{double dagger} and the coil overlap concentration varphi;{*}.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cheng
- Neutron Scattering Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
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22
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Schweizer KS, Curro JG. Integral Equation Theories of the Structure, Thermodynamics, and Phase Transitions of Polymer Fluids. ADVANCES IN CHEMICAL PHYSICS 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470141571.ch1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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23
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SANS from homogeneous polymer mixtures: A unified overview. ADVANCES IN POLYMER SCIENCE 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/bfb0025862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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24
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Peleshanko S, Jeong J, Shevchenko VV, Genson KL, Pikus Y, Ornatska M, Petrash S, Tsukruk VV. Synthesis and Properties of Asymmetric Heteroarm PEOn-b-PSm Star Polymers with End Functionalities. Macromolecules 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0497557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Peleshanko
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, The Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Kiev, 02160, Ukraine, and Corporate Research, National Starch and Chemical Company, Bridgewater, New Jersey 08807
| | - J. Jeong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, The Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Kiev, 02160, Ukraine, and Corporate Research, National Starch and Chemical Company, Bridgewater, New Jersey 08807
| | - V. V. Shevchenko
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, The Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Kiev, 02160, Ukraine, and Corporate Research, National Starch and Chemical Company, Bridgewater, New Jersey 08807
| | - K. L. Genson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, The Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Kiev, 02160, Ukraine, and Corporate Research, National Starch and Chemical Company, Bridgewater, New Jersey 08807
| | - Yu. Pikus
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, The Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Kiev, 02160, Ukraine, and Corporate Research, National Starch and Chemical Company, Bridgewater, New Jersey 08807
| | - M. Ornatska
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, The Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Kiev, 02160, Ukraine, and Corporate Research, National Starch and Chemical Company, Bridgewater, New Jersey 08807
| | - S. Petrash
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, The Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Kiev, 02160, Ukraine, and Corporate Research, National Starch and Chemical Company, Bridgewater, New Jersey 08807
| | - V. V. Tsukruk
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, The Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Kiev, 02160, Ukraine, and Corporate Research, National Starch and Chemical Company, Bridgewater, New Jersey 08807
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25
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Silica filled elastomers: polymer chain and filler characterization in the undeformed state by a SANS–SAXS approach. POLYMER 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2003.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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26
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DiNoia TP, van Zanten JH, Kline SR, Garach-Domech A, McHugh MA, Wright PJ, Fetters LJ. Impact of Supercritical Fluid Solvent Quality on Polymer Conformation in Semidilute Solutions: SANS Data for Poly(ethylene-co-1-butene) in Dimethyl Ether to Kilobar Pressures. Macromolecules 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/ma034690d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. P. DiNoia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218; Chemical Engineering Department, North Carolina State University, Box 7905, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853; ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co., Annandale, New Jersey 08801; NIST, Center for Neutron Research, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8562, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899; and Department of Chemical Engineering,
| | - J. H. van Zanten
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218; Chemical Engineering Department, North Carolina State University, Box 7905, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853; ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co., Annandale, New Jersey 08801; NIST, Center for Neutron Research, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8562, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899; and Department of Chemical Engineering,
| | - S. R. Kline
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218; Chemical Engineering Department, North Carolina State University, Box 7905, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853; ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co., Annandale, New Jersey 08801; NIST, Center for Neutron Research, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8562, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899; and Department of Chemical Engineering,
| | - Alberto Garach-Domech
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218; Chemical Engineering Department, North Carolina State University, Box 7905, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853; ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co., Annandale, New Jersey 08801; NIST, Center for Neutron Research, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8562, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899; and Department of Chemical Engineering,
| | - M. A. McHugh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218; Chemical Engineering Department, North Carolina State University, Box 7905, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853; ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co., Annandale, New Jersey 08801; NIST, Center for Neutron Research, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8562, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899; and Department of Chemical Engineering,
| | - P. J. Wright
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218; Chemical Engineering Department, North Carolina State University, Box 7905, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853; ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co., Annandale, New Jersey 08801; NIST, Center for Neutron Research, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8562, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899; and Department of Chemical Engineering,
| | - L. J. Fetters
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218; Chemical Engineering Department, North Carolina State University, Box 7905, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853; ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co., Annandale, New Jersey 08801; NIST, Center for Neutron Research, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8562, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899; and Department of Chemical Engineering,
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Melnichenko YB, Wignall GD, Schwahn D. Universal aspects of macromolecules in polymer blends, solutions, and supercritical mixtures. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2002; 65:061802. [PMID: 12188751 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.65.061802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that macromolecules in miscible polymer blends may behave as good, Theta, and poor polymeric solvents for each other. We construct a conceptual phase diagram, delineating the range of validity of the random-phase approximation, outside of which polymers contract or expand beyond their unperturbed dimensions, contrary to common assumptions. Remarkably, the correlation length for polymer blends, solutions, and supercritical mixtures collapses onto a master curve, reflecting universal behavior for macromolecules in polymeric and small-molecule Theta solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Melnichenko
- Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- William W. Graessley
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544
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Dimensions of polyelectrolyte chains and concentration fluctuations in semidilute solutions of sodium–poly(styrene sulfonate) as measured by small-angle neutron scattering. POLYMER 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(01)00382-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Nakatani A, Chen W, Schmidt R, Gordon G, Han C. Chain dimensions in polysilicate-filled poly(dimethyl siloxane). POLYMER 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(00)00771-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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DiNoia TP, Kirby CF, van Zanten JH, McHugh MA. SANS Study of Polymer−Supercritical Fluid Solutions: Transitions from Liquid to Supercritical Fluid Solvent Quality. Macromolecules 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ma000240z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. P. DiNoia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218; Chemical Engineering Department, North Carolina State University, Box 7905, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905; and Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284
| | - C. F. Kirby
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218; Chemical Engineering Department, North Carolina State University, Box 7905, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905; and Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284
| | - J. H. van Zanten
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218; Chemical Engineering Department, North Carolina State University, Box 7905, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905; and Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284
| | - M. A. McHugh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218; Chemical Engineering Department, North Carolina State University, Box 7905, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905; and Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284
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Laue C, Hunkeler D. Improved Precision in Multi-Angle Laser Light Scattering Data Processing. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION 2000. [DOI: 10.1080/10236660008034642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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34
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Xiao C, Heyes DM. Effects of bead-bead interactions on the static and dynamical properties of model polymer solutions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1999; 60:5757-67. [PMID: 11970472 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.60.5757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/1999] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
The effects of segment-segment interactions on the static and dynamical properties of model polymer solutions are examined by Brownian dynamics simulations in the free-draining limit over a wide concentration range. A bead-and-spring model is used to describe the polymer chains at a coarse-grained level, in which segment-segment interactions are represented by a bead-bead pair potential with a Gaussian analytic form, beta u(ev)(r)=A exp(-r(2)/2 sigma(2)), where beta=1/k(B)T and A and sigma are characteristic energy and distance scales, respectively. The chain dimensions, self-diffusion coefficient, and viscosity of the systems are studied as functions of number density of beads of the system, rho, at given excluded-volume potential parameters, A and sigma. Our results show that in the limit of infinite dilution even for short chains (N approximately 10) there is statistically significant scaling behavior in the static and dynamical properties. For a system with given values of A and sigma the change in polymer coil size shows a realistic trend as the concentration of the system increases. In the dilute and concentrated regions the coil size decreases as a result of increasing interchain repulsions, while in the highly concentrated region the coil size increases again, showing a return to Rouse-like behavior because the intrapolymer and interpolymer segment-segment interactions become effectively indistinguishable for an arbitrary bead and to a large extent are "balanced out." In the limit of infinite dilution, the self-diffusion coefficient of the center of mass, D(cm), depends on N only and not on the potential parameter A, while in contrast the specific viscosity eta(sp) depends on both N and A. As the concentration increases D(cm) decreases and eta(sp) increases consistent with the behavior of real polymers. When the system becomes highly concentrated, however, both D(cm) and eta(sp) unrealistically return to the Rouse limit. This suggests that from the concentrated region upward in concentration, the entanglement or the topological constraints caused by the physical connectivity of the chains significantly influence their dynamical behavior. The mean-field segment-segment interactions or excluded-volume effects incorporated in the current coarse-grained bead-spring approach cannot capture this entanglement effect, and therefore give rise to unrealistic dynamical behavior in the concentrated regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 5XH, United Kingdom
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Van Hook WA, Wilczura H, Imre A, Rebelo LPN, Melnichenko YB. Correlation Radii for Polystyrene (PS) in Poor and ϑ Solvents from Dynamic Light and Small Angle Neutron Scattering. New Data for PS/Acetone. Remarks on PS/Acetone, PS/Cyclohexane, and PS/Methylcyclohexane. Macromolecules 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ma9902394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hannah Wilczura
- Chemistry Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
| | - Attila Imre
- Chemistry Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
| | - Luis P. N. Rebelo
- Chemistry Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
| | - Yuri B. Melnichenko
- Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
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Young A, Brigault C, Heenan R, Higgins J, Peiffer D. Small angle neutron scattering from ionomer gels. POLYMER 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(98)00097-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Melnichenko YB, Wignall GD, Van Hook WA, Szydlowski J, Wilczura H, Rebelo LP. Comparison of Inter- and Intramolecular Correlations of Polystyrene in Poor and ϑ Solvents via Small-Angle Neutron Scattering. Macromolecules 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ma9812480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Štěpánek P, Brown W. Multiple Relaxations of Concentration Fluctuations in Entangled Polymer Solutions. Macromolecules 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ma970458u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Petr Štěpánek
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovský Sq. 2, 162 06 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Wyn Brown
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Uppsala, Box 532, 751 21 Uppsala 1, Sweden
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Landry MR. Scaling Behavior of Swollen Chains in Bimodal Molecular Weight Blends. Macromolecules 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ma970270a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Landry
- Imaging Research and Advanced Development, Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, New York 14650-2132
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Phillies GDJ. Quantitative Experimental Confirmation of the Chain Contraction Assumption of the Hydrodynamic Scaling Model. J Phys Chem B 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp970345c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- George D. J. Phillies
- Department of Physics, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts 01609
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Benmouna M, Hammouda B. The zero average contrast condition: Theoretical predictions and experimental examples. Prog Polym Sci 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6700(96)00004-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Variations on contrast in SANS: determination of self and distinct correlation functions. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0001-8686(96)00306-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Lodge TP, Muthukumar M. Physical Chemistry of Polymers: Entropy, Interactions, and Dynamics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jp960244z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. P. Lodge
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - M. Muthukumar
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering and Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
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Urayama K, Kohjiya S. Crossover of the concentration dependence of swelling and elastic properties for polysiloxane networks crosslinked in solution. J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.471018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Kosmas M. Homopolymers and block copolymers at the interface of two different phases. J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.470839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Schweizer KS, Szamel G. Crossover to entangled dynamics in polymer solutions and melts. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.469718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Grayce CJ, de Pablo JJ. The effect of solvation on the conformation of freely jointed repulsive trimers. J Chem Phys 1994. [DOI: 10.1063/1.467316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Mayes AM, Barker JG, Russell TP. Swelling effects in semidilute block copolymer solutions. J Chem Phys 1994. [DOI: 10.1063/1.468461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Grayce CJ, Yethiraj A, Schweizer KS. Liquid‐state theory of the density dependent conformation of nonpolar linear polymers. J Chem Phys 1994. [DOI: 10.1063/1.467045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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