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Roché M, Talini L, Verneuil E. Complexity in Wetting Dynamics. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 38294343 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The spreading dynamics of a droplet of pure liquid deposited on a rigid, nonsoluble substrate has been extensively investigated. In a purely hydrodynamic description, the dynamics of the contact line is determined by a balance between the energy associated with the capillary driving force and the energy dissipated by the viscous shear in the liquid. This balance is expressed by the Cox-Voinov law, which relates the spreading velocity to the contact angle. More recently, complex situations have been examined in which dissipation and/or the driving force may be strongly modified, leading to sometimes spectacular changes in wetting dynamics. We review recent examples of effects at the origin of deviations from the hydrodynamic model, which may involve physical or chemical modifications of the substrate or of the wetting liquid, occurring at scales ranging from the molecular to the mesoscopic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Roché
- Matière et Systèmes Complexes, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 7057, 75013 Paris, France
- Department of Materials Physics, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Laurence Talini
- CNRS, Surface du Verre et Interfaces, Saint-Gobain, 93300 Aubervilliers, France
| | - Emilie Verneuil
- CNRS Sciences et Ingénierie de la Matière Molle, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
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2
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Schune C, Yonger M, Hanafi M, Thiel J, Guy L, Chaussée T, Lequeux F, Montes H, Verneuil E. Rouse 2D Diffusion of Polymer Chains in Low Density Precursor Films of Polybutadiene Melts. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:843-848. [PMID: 35648516 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We took advantage of pseudopartial wetting to promote the spreading of precursor films whose surface density smoothly decays to zero away from a sessile droplet. By following the spreading dynamics of semidilute precursor films of polybutadiene melts on silicon wafers, we measure molecular diffusion coefficients for different molar masses and temperatures. For homopolymers, chains follow a thermally activated 2D Rouse diffusion mechanism, with an activation energy revealing polymer segment interactions with the surface. This Rouse model is generalized to chains with specific terminal groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Schune
- Soft Matter Sciences and Engineering (SIMM), ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France.,Solvay Silica, 15 rue Pierre Pays, BP 52, F-69660 Collonges-au-Mont-d'Or, France
| | - Marc Yonger
- Soft Matter Sciences and Engineering (SIMM), ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France.,Solvay Silica, 15 rue Pierre Pays, BP 52, F-69660 Collonges-au-Mont-d'Or, France
| | - Mohamed Hanafi
- Soft Matter Sciences and Engineering (SIMM), ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Jürgen Thiel
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Laurent Guy
- Solvay Silica, 15 rue Pierre Pays, BP 52, F-69660 Collonges-au-Mont-d'Or, France
| | - Thomas Chaussée
- Solvay Silica, 15 rue Pierre Pays, BP 52, F-69660 Collonges-au-Mont-d'Or, France
| | - François Lequeux
- Soft Matter Sciences and Engineering (SIMM), ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Hélène Montes
- Soft Matter Sciences and Engineering (SIMM), ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Emilie Verneuil
- Soft Matter Sciences and Engineering (SIMM), ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
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3
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Weger L, Weidmann M, Ali W, Hildebrandt M, Gutmann JS, Hoffmann-Jacobsen K. Polymer Diffusion in the Interphase Between Surface and Solution. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:7021-7027. [PMID: 29786433 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Total internal reflection fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (TIR-FCS) is applied to study the self-diffusion of poly(ethylene glycol) solutions in the presence of weakly attractive interfaces. Glass coverslips modified with aminopropyl- and propyl-terminated silanes are used to study the influence of solid surfaces on polymer diffusion. A model of three phases of polymer diffusion allows to describe the experimental fluorescence autocorrelation functions. Besides the two-dimensional diffusion of adsorbed polymer on the substrate and three-dimensional free diffusion in bulk solution, a third diffusion time scale is observed with intermediate diffusion times. This retarded three-dimensional diffusion in the solution is assigned to the long-range effects of solid surfaces on diffusional dynamics of polymers. The respective diffusion constants show Rouse scaling ( D ∼ N-1), indicating a screening of hydrodynamic interactions by the presence of the surface. Hence, the presented TIR-FCS method proves to be a valuable tool to investigate the effect of surfaces on polymer diffusion beyond the first adsorbed polymer layer on the 100 nm length scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Weger
- Department of Chemistry , Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences , Adlerstr. 32 , 47798 Krefeld , Germany
| | - Monika Weidmann
- Department of Chemistry , Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences , Adlerstr. 32 , 47798 Krefeld , Germany
| | | | | | | | - Kerstin Hoffmann-Jacobsen
- Department of Chemistry , Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences , Adlerstr. 32 , 47798 Krefeld , Germany
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Sharma S, Rafailovich MH, Sokolov J, Liu Y, Qu S, Schwarz SA, Eisenberg A. Dewetting Properties of Polystyrene Homopolymer Thin Films on Grafted Polystyrene Brush Surfaces. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2016. [DOI: 10.1088/0954-0083/12/4/313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We have found that the critical molecular weight for auto dewetting of a homopolymer on a polymer brush of the same chemical composition is approximately NH = 0.5 NB, in good agreement with the mean field theory prediction. The measured velocity on the brush surface is at least an order of magnitude faster than that of the polystyrene (PS) on a homopolymer interface, with a greatly decreased dependence on the PS molecular weight. This suggests slippage as a possible mechanism for the dewetting dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sharma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2275, USA
| | | | - J Sokolov
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2275, USA
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2275, USA; Kodak, 343 State Street, Rochester, NY 14650, USA; Kodak, 343 State Street, Rochester, NY 14650, USA
| | - S Qu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2275, USA; Gore-Tex, Eau Claire, WI 54701, USA
| | - S A Schwarz
- Physics Department, Queens College, Flushing, NY 11367, USA
| | - A Eisenberg
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada H3A 2TS
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5
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Strzhemechny Y, Zaitsev V, Zhou K, Schwarz SA, Sokolov J, Rafailovich MH. Spatial and Temporal Dependence of Diffusion in Polystyrene Thin Films on Silicon and Carbon Surfaces. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2016. [DOI: 10.1088/0954-0083/12/4/317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The strong inhibition of chain diffusion in thin polystyrene (PS) films has been observed near an attractive silicon surface, and diffusion remains inhibited out to distances of several radii of gyration from the surface. The present study seeks to determine the time dependence of the diffusion coefficient, and to examine the effect of a carbon surface on this diffusion. The sputter-deposited carbon surface may serve as a model for carbon-black particles employed in nanocomposites, which have recently been observed to reduce diffusion throughout a nanocomposite layer. The experiments employed a thin (∼15 nm) deuterated polystyrene (dPS) marker layer sandwiched between two normal PS layers. Deuterium profiles were monitored in the annealed samples by secondary ion mass spectrometry. Strong segregation was observed at the silicon surface, but was inhibited at the carbon surface, allowing the diffusion behaviour to be studied in the latter case over longer annealing times. A finite-element computer program was developed to fit the observed diffusion profiles. The variation of the diffusion coefficient with depth is shown to be consistent with previous results, and diffusion is comparable at both the carbon and silicon surfaces. The diffusion coefficient decreases roughly in proportion to t−1/2, and is discussed in the context of reptation theory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - S A Schwarz
- Department of Physics, Queens College of CUNY, Flushing, NY 11367, USA
| | | | - M H Rafailovich
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, SUNY, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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6
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Tan AW, Torkelson JM. Poly(methyl methacrylate) nanotubes in AAO templates: Designing nanotube thickness and characterizing the T-confinement effect by DSC. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Jiang N, Endoh MK, Koga T. Structures and Dynamics of Adsorbed Polymer Nanolayers on Planar Solids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-21948-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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8
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Carrillo JMY, Cheng S, Kumar R, Goswami M, Sokolov AP, Sumpter BG. Untangling the Effects of Chain Rigidity on the Structure and Dynamics of Strongly Adsorbed Polymer Melts. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Alexei P. Sokolov
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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9
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Ong JKY, Moore D, Kane J, Saraf RF. Negative printing by soft lithography. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:14278-14285. [PMID: 25095721 DOI: 10.1021/am5035939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In inkless microcontact printing (IμCP) by soft lithography, the poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) stamp transfers uncured polymer to a substrate corresponding to its pattern. The spontaneous diffusion of PDMS oligomers to the surface of the stamp that gives rise to this deleterious side effect has been leveraged to fabricate a variety of devices, such as organic thin film transistors, single-electron devices, and biomolecular chips. Here we report an anomalous observation on a partially cured PDMS stamp where the transfer of oligomers onto Au occurred on regions that were not in contact with the stamp, while the surface in contact with the stamp was pristine with no polymer. On the SiO2 surface of the same chip, as expected, the transfer of PDMS occurred exclusively on regions in contact with the stamp. The printing on Au was quantified by a novel method where the submonolayer of PDMS transfer was measured by probing the local electrochemical passivation of the Au. The local transfer of polymer on SiO2 (and also Au) was measured by selective deposition of Au nanoparticle necklaces that exclusively deposited on PDMS at submonolayer sensitivity. It was discovered that the selectivity and sharpness of PDMS deposition on Au for inkless printing (i.e., negative) is significantly better than the traditional (positive) microcontact printing where the stamp is "inked" with low molecular weight PDMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Kee Yang Ong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and ‡Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
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10
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‘Marker’ grazing-incidence X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy: a new tool to peer into the interfaces of nanoconfined polymer thin films. Polym J 2012. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2012.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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11
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Koga T, Jiang N, Gin P, Endoh MK, Narayanan S, Lurio LB, Sinha SK. Impact of an irreversibly adsorbed layer on local viscosity of nanoconfined polymer melts. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 107:225901. [PMID: 22182035 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.225901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We report the origin of the effect of nanoscale confinement on the local viscosity of entangled polystyrene (PS) films at temperatures far above the glass transition temperature. By using marker x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy with gold nanoparticles embedded in the PS films prepared on solid substrates, we have determined the local viscosity as a function of the distance from the polymer-substrate interface. The results show the impact of a very thin adsorbed layer (~7 nm in thickness) even without specific interactions of the polymer with the substrate, overcoming the effect of a surface mobile layer at the air-polymer interface and thereby resulting in a significant increase in the local viscosity as approaching the substrate interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadanori Koga
- Chemical and Molecular Engineering Program, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2275, USA.
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Dreyer JK, Nylander T, Karlsson OJ, Piculell L. Spreading dynamics of a functionalized polymer latex. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2011; 3:167-176. [PMID: 21247071 DOI: 10.1021/am1007694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Functionalized polymer nanoparticles are used as binders for inorganic materials in everyday technologies such as paper and coatings. However, the functionalization can give rise to two opposing effects: It can promote adhesion via specific interactions to the substrate, but a high degree of functionalization can also hamper spreading on substrates. Here, we studied the spreading kinetics of individual functionalized vinyl acetate-co-ethylene polymer nanoparticles on inorganic substrates by atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging. We found that the kinetics underwent a transition from a fast initial regime to a slower regime. The transition was independent of functionalization of the particles but depended on the wettability of the substrate. Furthermore, the transition from the fast regime to the slow regime occurred at a size-dependent contact angle, leading to a h ∼ a(3/2) scaling dependence between the height (h) and the width (a) of the spreading particles. Thereafter, spreading continued on a slower time scale. In the slow regime, the kinetics was blocked by a high degree of functionalization. We interpret the observations in terms of a nanoscale stick-slip transition occurring at interface stress around 6 kPa. We develop models that describe the scaling relations between the particle height and width on different substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Kisbye Dreyer
- Physical Chemistry 1, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
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14
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Chen L, Gu X, Fasolka MJ, Martin JW, Nguyen T. Effects of humidity and sample surface free energy on AFM probe-sample interactions and lateral force microscopy image contrast. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:3494-3503. [PMID: 19708241 DOI: 10.1021/la8037928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Contrast between hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains and probe-sample adhesion forces as a function of relative humidity (RH) and sample surface free energy have been investigated using hydrophilic and hydrophobic atomic force microscopy (AFM) probes. For hydrophobic probes, the adhesion force is low, and the AFM image contrast between hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains is poor over the 0-93% RH. For hydrophilic probes, the image contrast between the hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains is poor at low RH but improved at high RH. This image contrast change is related to adhesion force differences between the two domains. In turn, the enhanced adhesion and image contrasts at elevated RH are attributed to capillary forces, which are large over the hydrophilic domains but greatly diminished over the hydrophobic domains. The adhesion force increases slightly with sample surface free energy at low RH, but increases rapidly with increasing sample surface free energy at high RH. The results indicate that for AFM in air, tailoring the RH of the probe-sample environment and utilizing a hydrophilic probe can enhance imaging of materials chemical heterogeneity with nanoscale spatial resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijiang Chen
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
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15
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Besancon BM, Green PF. Dewetting dynamics in miscible polymer-polymer thin film mixtures. J Chem Phys 2007; 126:224903. [PMID: 17581079 DOI: 10.1063/1.2737043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Thin polystyrene films supported by oxidized silicon (SiOx/Si) substrates may be unstable or metastable, depending on the film thickness, h, and can ultimately dewet the substrate when heated above their glass transition. In the metastable regime, holes nucleate throughout the film and subsequently grow due to capillary driving forces. Recent studies have shown that the addition of a second component, such as a copolymer or miscible polymer, can suppress the dewetting process and stabilize the film. We examined the hole growth dynamics and the hole morphology in thin film mixtures composed of polystyrene and tetramethyl bisphenol-A polycarbonate (TMPC) supported by SiOx/Si substrates. The hole growth velocity decreased with increasing TMPC content beyond that expected from changes in the bulk viscosity. The authors show that the suppression of the dewetting velocity is primarily due to reductions in the capillary driving force for dewetting and to increased friction at the substrate-polymer interface. The viscosity, as determined from the hole growth dynamics, decreases with decreasing film thickness, and is connected to a depression of the glass transition of the film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Besancon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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18
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Awada H, Castelein G, Brogly M. Quantitative determination of surface energy using atomic force microscopy: the case of hydrophobic/hydrophobic contact and hydrophilic/hydrophilic contact. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.2076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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19
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Xu H, Shirvanyants D, Beers K, Matyjaszewski K, Rubinstein M, Sheiko SS. Molecular motion in a spreading precursor film. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 93:206103. [PMID: 15600943 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.206103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Spreading of a polymer drop on a solid substrate was monitored with molecular resolution. Three characteristic rates, i.e., the spreading rate of the precursor film D(spread)=(3.9+/-0.2)x10(3) nm(2)/s, the flow-induced diffusion rate of molecules within the film D(induced)=1.3+/-0.1 nm(2)/s, and the thermal diffusion coefficient of single molecules D(therm)</=0.10+/-0.03 nm(2)/s, were independently measured. Since D(spread)>>D(induced), the plug flow of polymer chains was identified as the main mass-transport mechanism of spreading with an insignificant contribution from the molecular diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, USA
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20
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Sun G, Kappl M, Pakula T, Kremer K, Butt HJ. Equilibrium interaction of solid surfaces across a polymer melt. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2004; 20:8030-8034. [PMID: 15350068 DOI: 10.1021/la049010u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Forces across polymer melts are poorly understood despite their importance for adhesion and fabricating composite materials. Using an atomic force microscope (AFM), this interaction was measured for poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS). The structure of the polymer at the surface changed during the first approximately 10 h. Afterward, short-range attractive forces were observed with short-chain PDMS (M(w) = 4200 g/mol). Using PDMS with a molecular weight (M(w) = 18 000 g/mol) above the entanglement limit, we measured a monotonically decaying repulsive force, which indicates that a quasi-immobilized layer had formed at the solid surface. Due to the small radius of curvature of the tip, forces could be measured in equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gexiao Sun
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
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21
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Jones RL, Indrakanti A, Briber RM, Müller M, Kumar SK. Phase Behavior of Ultrathin Polymer Mixtures. Macromolecules 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/ma049108f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald L. Jones
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, Department of Nuclear and Materials Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, Department of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg Universität, Mainz, Germany, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180
| | - Ananth Indrakanti
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, Department of Nuclear and Materials Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, Department of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg Universität, Mainz, Germany, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180
| | - Robert M. Briber
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, Department of Nuclear and Materials Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, Department of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg Universität, Mainz, Germany, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180
| | - Marcus Müller
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, Department of Nuclear and Materials Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, Department of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg Universität, Mainz, Germany, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180
| | - Sanat K. Kumar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, Department of Nuclear and Materials Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, Department of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg Universität, Mainz, Germany, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180
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22
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Belyi VA, Witten TA. Spreading of block copolymer films and domain alignment at moving terrace steps. J Chem Phys 2004; 120:5476-85. [PMID: 15267422 DOI: 10.1063/1.1647521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate spreading of phase separated copolymer films, where domain walls and thickness steps influence polymer flow. We show that at early stages of spreading its rate is determined by slow activated flow at terrace steps (i.e., thickness steps). At late stages of spreading, on the other hand, the rate is determined by the flow along terraces, with diffusionlike time dependence t(-1/2). This dependence is similar to de Gennes and Cazabat's prediction for generic layered liquids [P. G. de Gennes and A. M. Cazabat, C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris II 310, 1601 (1990)], as opposed to the classical Tanner's law of drop spreading. We also argue that chain hopping at the spreading terrace steps should lead to the formation of aligned, defect-free domain patterns on the growing terraces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir A Belyi
- James Franck Institute and the Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
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KIM MINCHAN, PHILLIPS DAVIDM, JHON MYUNGS, MA XIAODING. MICROSCOPIC SPREADING CHARACTERISTICS OF NONPOLAR PERFLUOROPOLYETHER FILMS. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2004. [DOI: 10.1080/00986440490252808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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24
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Voronov A, Shafranska O. Dependence of thin polystyrene films stability on the thickness of grafted polystyrene brushes. POLYMER 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(02)00667-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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25
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He M, Szuchmacher Blum A, Aston DE, Buenviaje C, Overney RM, Luginbühl R. Critical phenomena of water bridges in nanoasperity contacts. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1331298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Kim MC, Phillips DM, Ma X, Jhon MS. The Molecular Spreading of Nonpolar Perfluoropolyether Films on Amorphous Carbon Surfaces. J Colloid Interface Sci 2000; 228:405-409. [PMID: 10926481 DOI: 10.1006/jcis.2000.6978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The spreading mechanism of nonpolar perfluoropolyether films on carbon surfaces is examined in the mesoscopic regime, including both submonolayer and multilayer films. For the submonolayer film, adsorption-desorption is a main mechanism for spreading, and the surface diffusion coefficients increase as the film thickness increases. The driving force for the spreading in the submonolayer regime is the gradient of the disjoining pressure, which is described by the two-dimensional virial equation. For the multilayer film regime, the spreading characteristics are determined by the molecular weight and the disjoining pressure gradient, which is assumed to be purely van der Waals in nature. We adopt a partial slip boundary condition to analyze the multilayer film, which qualitatively explains the dependence of the surface diffusion coefficient on film thickness. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.
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Affiliation(s)
- MC Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Cheju National University, Cheju, 690-756, Korea
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Microscopic spreading of nonreactive perfluoropolyalkylether film on amorphous carbon surfaces. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2000. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02706858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Tseng KC, Turro NJ, Durning CJ. Molecular mobility in polymer thin films. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 2000; 61:1800-1811. [PMID: 11046464 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.61.1800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/1998] [Revised: 08/04/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching was used to measure in-plane dye-probe diffusion coefficients, D, in thin films of monodisperse polystyrene supported on fused quartz substrates. The substrates were prepared with a high density of surface hydroxyl groups which interact favorably with repeat units of the polymer. The effects of temperature and film thickness were investigated, at temperatures above the bulk glass transition of the polymer, T(g), and in the range of film thicknesses from 1-10(2) times the radius of gyration (R(g)) of individual polymer molecules. As the film thickness decreases towards R(g) the value of D increases above the bulk values, with significant effects first appearing in films approximately 20R(g). In the thinnest films studied, about 4R(g), the values of D lie as much as two orders over bulk values. At the same time, the temperature dependence of D becomes much weaker than in bulk. Analysis by free volume theory indicates that apparent values of both T(g) and the thermal expansion coefficient for liquid state, alpha(L), decrease as the film thickness decreases. The possible effects of surface segregation of the dye probe are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- KC Tseng
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
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Ma X, Gui J, Smoliar L, Grannen K, Marchon B, Jhon MS, Bauer CL. Spreading of perfluoropolyalkylether films on amorphous carbon surfaces. J Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1063/1.477909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Lee JY, Baljon ARC, Loring RF, Panagiotopoulos AZ. Simulation of polymer melt intercalation in layered nanocomposites. J Chem Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1063/1.477687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Gay
- Physique de la Matière Condensée, Collège de France, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France
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Zheng X, Sauer BB, Schwarz SA, Rafailovich MH, Sokolov J, Rubinstein M. Reptation dynamics of a polymer melt near an attractive solid interface. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1995; 74:407-410. [PMID: 10058750 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.74.407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Liu Y, Rafailovich MH, Sokolov J, Schwarz SA, Zhong X, Eisenberg A, Kramer EJ, Sauer BB, Satija S. Wetting behavior of homopolymer films on chemically similar block copolymer surfaces. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1994; 73:440-443. [PMID: 10057447 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.73.440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Zhao W, Rafailovich MH, Sokolov J, Fetters LJ, Plano R, Sanyal MK, Sinha SK, Sauer BB. Wetting properties of thin liquid polyethylene propylene films. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1993; 70:1453-1456. [PMID: 10053296 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.70.1453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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