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Tomalia DA, Khanna SN. A Systematic Framework and Nanoperiodic Concept for Unifying Nanoscience: Hard/Soft Nanoelements, Superatoms, Meta-Atoms, New Emerging Properties, Periodic Property Patterns, and Predictive Mendeleev-like Nanoperiodic Tables. Chem Rev 2016; 116:2705-74. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Donald A. Tomalia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
- National Dendrimer & Nanotechnology Center, NanoSynthons LLC, 1200 North Fancher Avenue, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan 48858, United States
| | - Shiv N. Khanna
- Department
of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
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2
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Hammer BAG, Moritz R, Stangenberg R, Baumgarten M, Müllen K. The polar side of polyphenylene dendrimers. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:4072-90. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00245h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The site-specific functionalization of poly(phenylene) dendrimers can produce macromolecules with a range of different polarities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ralf Moritz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | | | | | - Klaus Müllen
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
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3
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Cesari C, Sambri L, Zacchini S, Zanotti V, Mazzoni R. Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Functionalized Shvo-Type Complexes. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500335m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Cesari
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Industriale
“Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento
4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Letizia Sambri
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Industriale
“Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento
4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Zacchini
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Industriale
“Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento
4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Valerio Zanotti
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Industriale
“Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento
4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Rita Mazzoni
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Industriale
“Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento
4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
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4
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Brutschy M, Lubczyk D, Müllen K, Waldvogel SR. Surface Pretreatment Boosts the Performance of Supramolecular Affinity Materials on Quartz Crystal Microbalances for Sensor Applications. Anal Chem 2013; 85:10526-30. [DOI: 10.1021/ac4025818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Malte Brutschy
- Institute
for Organic Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniel Lubczyk
- Institute
for Organic Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Siegfried R. Waldvogel
- Institute
for Organic Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
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5
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Chang YZ, Shao Q, Bai LY, Ou CJ, Lin JY, Xie LH, Liu ZD, Chen X, Zhang GW, Huang W. Bottom-up synthesis of nanoscale conjugation-interrupted frameworks and their electrical properties. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2013; 9:3218-3223. [PMID: 23585358 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201300065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Soluble covalent organic nanoframeworks up to generation 2.5 (G2.5) are synthesized with self-similar H-shaped conformations by using a bottom-up approach including iterative C-H bond functionalization. The electrical characteristics of nanoscale thin-film semiconductors of the conjugation-interrupted frameworks can be tuned by post-modification with diazonium salt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Zheng Chang
- Center for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays (KLOEID) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210046, China
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6
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Löser P, Winzenburg A, Faust R. A perfluorous polyphenyl dendritic shell for the protection of a photosensitizing porphyrazine core. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:9413-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc45442h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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7
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Türp D, Nguyen TTT, Baumgarten M, Müllen K. Uniquely versatile: nano-site defined materials based on polyphenylene dendrimers. NEW J CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1nj20449a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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8
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So LC, Liu CC, Chan MCW, Lo JCY, Sze KH, Zhu N. Scalar coupling across [C-H···F-C] interactions in (σ-aryl)-chelating post-metallocenes. Chemistry 2011; 18:565-73. [PMID: 22161818 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The nature and importance of C-H···F-C interactions is a topical yet controversial issue, and the development of spectroscopic methods to probe such contacts is therefore warranted. A series of Group 4 bis(benzyl) complexes supported by (σ-aryl)-2-phenolate-6-pyridyl [O,C,N-R(1)] ligands bearing a fluorinated R(1) group (CF(3) or F) in the vicinity of the metal has been prepared. The X-ray crystal structure of the CF(3)-substituted Hf derivative features intramolecular C-H···F-C and Hf···F-C contacts. All complexes have been characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy. The (1)H and (13)C NMR spectra of [M(O,C,N-CF(3))(CH(2)Ph)(2)] derivatives display coupling (assigned to (1h)J(HF) and (2h)J(CF) for Ti; (3)J(HF) and (2)J(CF) (through M···F) for Hf and Zr) between the benzyl CH(2) and CF(3) moieties. [(1)H,(19)F]-HMBC NMR experiments have been performed for the M-[O,C,N-R(1)] complexes and their [O,N,C] counterparts, revealing significant scalar coupling across the C-H···F-C interactions for Ti-[O,C,N] and [O,N,C] species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loi-Chi So
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PR China
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9
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Li J, Li Q, Liu D. Novel thieno-[3,4-b]-pyrazines cored dendrimers with carbazole dendrons: design, synthesis, and application in solution-processed red organic light-emitting diodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2011; 3:2099-2107. [PMID: 21585198 DOI: 10.1021/am200317k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel red-emitting thieno-[3,4-b]-pyrazine-cored molecules containing oligo-carbazole dendrons (called C1-TP, C2-TP) are synthesized. Their photophysical, electrochemical, and electroluminescent properties are investigated. The peripheral carbazolyl units facilitate the hole transporting ability and inhibit the intermolecular interactions, but quench the fluorescence of the thieno-[3,4-b]-pyrazine core through Intramolecular Charge Transfer (ICT). Introduction of a polyphenyl spacer between the core and the first generation carbazole dendrons, i.e., C-DTP, decreases the ICT efficiency. In addition to providing the site-isolation effect on the planar emissive core, these bulky dendrons enable these molecules to be solution processable. As a result, efficient OLEDs with saturated red emission are fabricated by spin coating technique using these dendritic materials as nondoped emitting layer. C-DTP exhibits much better device performance than C1-TP and C2-TP, while the small molecular reference compound containing neither the spacer nor the carbazole dendrons (TP) fails to transmit pure red emission under identical conditions. A brightness of 925 cd m(-2) and a luminous efficiency of 0.53 cd A(-1) are obtained for C-DTP, which are comparable with OLEDs fabricated from thieno-[3,4-b]-pyrazine-based counterparts by the vacuum deposition method or those assembled with other red fluorescent dendrimers via the solution processing method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuyan Li
- State Key Laboratary of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China.
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Türp D, Wagner M, Enkelmann V, Müllen K. Synthesis of Nanometer-Sized, Rigid, and Hydrophobic Anions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201007070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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11
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Türp D, Wagner M, Enkelmann V, Müllen K. Synthesis of Nanometer-Sized, Rigid, and Hydrophobic Anions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:4962-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201007070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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12
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Formation of perfluorinated polyphenylenes by multiple pentafluorophenylation using C6F5Si(CH3)3. J Fluor Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2010.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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Diebold C, Weekes DM, Torres Navarrete M, Mobian P, Kyritsakas N, Henry M. Synthetic Approaches to Zigzag-Shaped Oligophenylene Strands Laterally Decorated with Hydroxy Functions. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201001058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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14
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Liu D, Ren H, Li J, Tao Q, Gao Z. Novel perylene bisimide derivative with fluorinated shell: A multifunctional material for use in optoelectronic devices. Chem Phys Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2009.09.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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16
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Baytekin B, Baytekin H, Hahn U, Reckien W, Kirchner B, Schalley C. Dendrimer Disassembly in the Gas Phase: A Cascade Fragmentation Reaction of Fréchet Dendrons. Chemistry 2009; 15:7139-49. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200900403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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18
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Baytekin HT, Sahre M, Rang A, Engeser M, Schulz A, Schalley CA. Characterization of self-assembled metallodendrimers in solution, in the gas phase, and at air/solid interfaces. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2008; 4:1823-1834. [PMID: 18752209 DOI: 10.1002/smll.200800135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
It is found that 4,4'-bipyridines functionalized in their 3,3'-positions with Fréchet dendrons of 0th to 3rd generation self-assemble with (dppp)M(II) triflates (dppp: bis-(diphenylphosphino)propane; M = Pd, Pt) into metallo-supramolecular squares. They bear a nanometer-sized cavity inside an unpolar dendritic shell. A total of eight amide groups decorate the rims of the cavity connecting the dendrons to the square. Evidence for their formation up to the third generation comes from ESI-FTICR mass spectrometry and NMR experiments. Based on these results, the presence of significant amounts of other polygons or open-chain oligomers can be excluded. Exchange processes have been studied by variable-temperature NMR spectroscopy and by following the ligand exchanges between different squares by mass spectrometry. The ligand exchange is much slower for the Pt(II) squares as compared to their Pd(II) analogs. Visualization of films of these dendrimers using atomic force microscopy (AFM) provides information on their molecular dimensions. After deposition of a square monolayer on the surface, a slow reorganization within this layer is observed which leads to the formation of "tower-like" aggregates and multi-layer formation. The interplay of interactions between the dendrimers and the surface and interactions between different dendrimers are invoked to rationalize the observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Tarik Baytekin
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), 12205 Berlin, Germany
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19
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Heyen AJJV, Buron CC, Tianshi Q, Bauer R, Jonas AM, Müllen K, De Schryver FC, De Feyter S. Guiding the self-assembly of a second-generation polyphenylene dendrimer into well-defined patterns. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2008; 4:1160-1167. [PMID: 18651629 DOI: 10.1002/smll.200701009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A second-generation polyphenylene dendrimer 1 is shown to self-assemble into nanofibers. To guide the formation of the dendrimer fibers into well-defined patterns, 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane is grafted in the gas phase onto a silicon substrate. De-wetting of the solution on the nanopatterned surface results in the formation of a nanostructured template, into which fiber growth subsequently occurs under the constraints set by the de-wetted morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- An J J Ver Heyen
- K.U. Leuven, Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular and Nanomaterials, and Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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20
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Zhao Z, Li JH, Chen X, Lu P, Yang Y. Fluorescent Conjugated Dendrimers with Fluorinated Terminal Groups: Nanofiber Formation and Electroluminescence Properties. Org Lett 2008; 10:3041-4. [DOI: 10.1021/ol801001h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zujin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Juo-Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Xiaopeng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Ping Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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Chan M. Weak Attractive Ligand–Polymer and Related Interactions in Catalysis and Reactivity: Impact, Applications, and Modeling. Chem Asian J 2008; 3:18-27. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.200700226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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22
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Ariga K, Hill JP, Lee MV, Vinu A, Charvet R, Acharya S. Challenges and breakthroughs in recent research on self-assembly. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2008; 9:014109. [PMID: 27877935 PMCID: PMC5099804 DOI: 10.1088/1468-6996/9/1/014109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 389] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2008] [Revised: 05/13/2008] [Accepted: 02/22/2008] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The controlled fabrication of nanometer-scale objects is without doubt one of the central issues in current science and technology. However, existing fabrication techniques suffer from several disadvantages including size-restrictions and a general paucity of applicable materials. Because of this, the development of alternative approaches based on supramolecular self-assembly processes is anticipated as a breakthrough methodology. This review article aims to comprehensively summarize the salient aspects of self-assembly through the introduction of the recent challenges and breakthroughs in three categories: (i) types of self-assembly in bulk media; (ii) types of components for self-assembly in bulk media; and (iii) self-assembly at interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Ariga
- World Premier International (WPI), Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Jonathan P Hill
- World Premier International (WPI), Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
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Newkome GR, Shreiner CD. Poly(amidoamine), polypropylenimine, and related dendrimers and dendrons possessing different 1→2 branching motifs: An overview of the divergent procedures. POLYMER 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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