1
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Fortenberry A, Mohammad SA, Werfel TA, Smith AE. Comparative Investigation of the Hydrolysis of Charge-Shifting Polymers Derived from an Azlactone-Based Polymer. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200420. [PMID: 35820157 PMCID: PMC9780167 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Poly 2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone (PVDMA) has received much attention as a "reactive platform" to prepare charge-shifting polycations via post-polymerization modification with tertiary amines that possess primary amine or hydroxyl reactive handles. Upon hydrolysis of the resulting amide or ester linkages, the polymers can undergo a gradual transition in net charge from cationic to anionic. Herein, a systematic investigation of the hydrolysis rate of PVDMA-derived charge-shifting polymers is described. PVDMA is modified with tertiary amines bearing either primary amine, hydroxyl, or thiol reactive handles. The resulting polymers possess tertiary amine side chains connected to the backbone via amide, ester, or thioester linkages. The hydrolysis rates of each PVDMA derivative are monitored at 25 and 50 °C at pH values of 5.5, 7.5, and 8.5, respectively. While the hydrolysis rate of the amide-functionalized PVDMA is negligible over the period investigated, the hydrolysis rates of the ester- and thioester-functionalized PVDMA increase with increasing temperature and pH. Interestingly, the hydrolysis rate of the thioester-functionalized PVDMA appears to be more rapid than the ester-functionalized PVDMA at all pH values and temperatures investigated. It is believed that these results can be utilized to inform the future preparation of PVDMA-based charge-shifting polymers for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Fortenberry
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Mississippi, MS, USA
| | - Sk Arif Mohammad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Mississippi, MS, USA
| | - Thomas A. Werfel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Mississippi, MS, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Mississippi, MS, USA
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
- Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Adam E. Smith
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Mississippi, MS, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Mississippi, MS, USA
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2
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Linn JD, Liberman L, Neal CAP, Calabrese MA. Role of chain architecture in the solution phase assembly and thermoreversibility of aqueous PNIPAM/silyl methacrylate copolymers. Polym Chem 2022; 13:3840-3855. [PMID: 37193094 PMCID: PMC10181847 DOI: 10.1039/d2py00254j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive polymers functionalized with reactive inorganic groups enable creation of macromolecular structures such as hydrogels, micelles, and coatings that demonstrate smart behavior. Prior studies using poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide-co-3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate) (P(NIPAM-co-TMA)) have stabilized micelles and produced functional nanoscale coatings; however, such systems show limited responsiveness over multiple thermal cycles. Here, polymer architecture and TMA content are connected to the aqueous self-assembly, optical response, and thermo-reversibility of two distinct types of PNIPAM/TMA copolymers: random P(NIPAM-co-TMA), and a 'blocky-functionalized' copolymer where TMA is localized to one portion of the chain, P(NIPAM-b-NIPAM-co-TMA). Aqueous solution behavior characterized via cloud point testing (CPT), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and variable-temperature nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) demonstrates that thermoresponsiveness and thermoreversibility over multiple cycles is a strong function of polymer configuration and TMA content. Despite low TMA content (≤2% mol), blocky-functionalized copolymers assemble into small, well-ordered structures above the cloud point that lead to distinct transmittance behaviors and stimuli-responsiveness over multiple cycles. Conversely, random copolymers form disordered aggregates at elevated temperatures, and only exhibit thermoreversibility at negligible TMA fractions (0.5% mol); higher TMA content leads to irreversible structure formation. This understanding of the architectural and assembly effects on the thermal cyclability of aqueous PNIPAM-co-TMA can be used to improve the scalability of responsive polymer applications requiring thermoreversible behavior, including sensing, separations, and functional coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason D Linn
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 421 Washington Ave SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Lucy Liberman
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 421 Washington Ave SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Christopher A P Neal
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 421 Washington Ave SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Michelle A Calabrese
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 421 Washington Ave SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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3
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Quek JY, Bright R, Dabare P, Vasilev K. ROS-responsive copolymer micelles for inflammation triggered delivery of ibuprofen. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 217:112590. [PMID: 35660744 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used for the treatment of pain, inflammation and fever. However, most NSAIDs are poorly water soluble, making it difficult to be administered thus high doses are required to reach the intended therapeutic effect, resulting in associated side effects. In this study, ROS-responsive micellar systems based on a block copolymer consisting of methylpropyl thioether (MTPA) and N'N-dimethylacrylamide was developed and loaded with ibuprofen (IBU). Using lipopolysaccharide activated RAW 264.7 macrophage like cells, we demonstrated that IBU was released from the copolymer, specifically in the presence of ROS. Interestingly, IBU encapsulated in ROS-responsive nanoparticles exhibited greater anti-inflammatory potency compared to its free form. The work highlights the potential of the ROS-responsive micellar system developed in this work to be used as carrier of NSAIDs for the treatment of relevant inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang Quek
- UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia.
| | - Richard Bright
- UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Prl Dabare
- UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Sturt Road, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Krasimir Vasilev
- UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Sturt Road, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia.
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4
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Liu Y, Sun Y, Zhang W. Synthesis of
Stimuli‐Responsive
Block Copolymers and Block Copolymer Nano‐assemblies. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Wangqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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5
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Pang B, Yu Y, Zhang W. Thermoresponsive Polymers Based on Tertiary Amine Moieties. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100504. [PMID: 34523742 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Thermoresponsive polymers exhibiting unique reversible phase transition properties in aqueous solution in response to temperature stimuli have been extensively investigated. In the past two decades, thermoresponsive polymers based on tertiary amine moieties have achieved considerable progress and become an important family of thermoresponsive polymers, including tertiary amine functionalized poly((meth)acrylamide)s, poly((meth)acrylate)s, poly(styrene)s, poly(vinyl alcohol)s, and poly(ethylene oxide)s, which exhibit lower critical solution temperature and/or upper critical solution temperature in water or aliphatic alcohols. Their phase transition behavior can be modulated by the solution pH and CO2 due to the protonation of tertiary amine moieties in acidic condition and deprotonation in alkaline condition and the charged ammonium bicarbonate formed by the tertiary amine moieties and CO2 . The aim of this review is to summarize the recent progress in the thermoresponsive polymers based on tertiary amine moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Pang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yuewen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Wangqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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6
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Poly(N,N-bis(2-methoxyethyl)acrylamide), a thermoresponsive non-ionic polymer combining the amide and the ethyleneglycolether motifs. Colloid Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-020-04701-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPoly(N,N-bis(2-methoxyethyl)acrylamide) (PbMOEAm) featuring two classical chemical motifs from non-ionic water-soluble polymers, namely, the amide and ethyleneglycolether moieties, was synthesized by reversible addition fragmentation transfer (RAFT) polymerization. This tertiary polyacrylamide is thermoresponsive exhibiting a lower critical solution temperature (LCST)–type phase transition. A series of homo- and block copolymers with varying molar masses but low dispersities and different end groups were prepared. Their thermoresponsive behavior in aqueous solution was analyzed via turbidimetry and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The cloud points (CP) increased with increasing molar masses, converging to 46 °C for 1 wt% solutions. This rise is attributed to the polymers’ hydrophobic end groups incorporated via the RAFT agents. When a surfactant-like strongly hydrophobic end group was attached using a functional RAFT agent, CP was lowered to 42 °C, i.e., closer to human body temperature. Also, the effect of added salts, in particular, the role of the Hofmeister series, on the phase transition of PbMOEAm was investigated, exemplified for the kosmotropic fluoride, intermediate chloride, and chaotropic thiocyanate anions. A pronounced shift of the cloud point of about 10 °C to lower or higher temperatures was observed for 0.2 M fluoride and thiocyanate, respectively. When PbMOEAm was attached to a long hydrophilic block of poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PDMAm), the cloud points of these block copolymers were strongly shifted towards higher temperatures. While no phase transition was observed for PDMAm-b-pbMOEAm with short thermoresponsive blocks, block copolymers with about equally sized PbMOEAm and PDMAm blocks underwent the coil-to-globule transition around 60 °C.
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7
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Leiske MN, Mahmoud AM, Warne NM, Goos JACM, Pascual S, Montembault V, Fontaine L, Davis TP, Whittaker MR, Kempe K. Poly(2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline) – a structural analogue to poly(vinyl azlactone) with Orthogonal Reactivity. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00861c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A modular copolymer platform based on two oxazole derivatives is presented. Post-polymerisation modifications revealed the potential to selectively modify the individual side groups, providing access to functional copolymer libraries in the future.
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8
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Grace JL, Amado M, Reid JC, Elliott AG, Landersdorfer CB, Truong NP, Kempe K, Cooper MA, Davis TP, Montembault V, Pascual S, Fontaine L, Velkov T, Quinn JF, Whittaker MR. An optimised Cu(0)-RDRP approach for the synthesis of lipidated oligomeric vinyl azlactone: toward a versatile antimicrobial materials screening platform. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:6796-6809. [PMID: 31603181 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01624d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This report details the synthesis of lipidated 2-vinyl-4,4-dimethyl-5-oxazolone (VDM) oligomers via an optimised Cu(0)-mediated reversible-deactivation radical polymerisation approach, and the use of these oligomers as a versatile functional platform for the rapid generation of antimicrobial materials. The relative amounts of CuBr2 and Me6TREN were optimised to allow the fast and controlled polymerisation of VDM. These conditions were then used with the initiators ethyl 2-bromoisobutyrate, dodecyl 2-bromoisobutyrate, and (R)-3-((2-bromo-2-methylpropanoyl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl didodecanoate to synthesise a library of oligo(VDM) (degree of polymerisation = 10) with ethyl, dodecyl or diglyceride end-groups. Subsequently, ring-opening of the pendant oxazolone group with various amines (i.e., 2-(2-aminoethyl)-1,3-di-Boc-guanidine, 1-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole, N-Boc-ethylenediamine, or N,N-dimethylethylenediamine) expanded the library to give 12 functional oligomers incorporating different cationic and lipid elements. The antimicrobial activities of these oligomers were assessed against a palette of bacteria and fungi: i.e. Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Cryptococcus neoformans. The oligomers generally exhibited the greatest activity against the fungus, C. neoformans, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 1 μg mL-1 (comparable to the clinically approved antifungal fluconazole). To assess haemocompatibility, the oligomers were assayed against erythrocytes, with the primary amine or guanidine containing C12 and 2C12 oligomers exhibiting greater lysis against the red blood cells (HC10 values between 7.1 and 43 μg mL-1) than their imidazole and tertiary amine counterparts (HC10 of >217 μg mL-1). Oligomers showed the greatest selectivity for C. neoformans, with the C12- and 2C12-tertiary amine and C12-imidazole oligomers possessing the greatest selectivity of >54-109. These results demonstrate the utility of reactive oligomers for rapidly assessing structure-property relationships for antibacterial and antifungal materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Grace
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia. and Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Maite Amado
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Janet C Reid
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Alysha G Elliott
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Cornelia B Landersdorfer
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia and Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Nghia P Truong
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia. and Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Kristian Kempe
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia. and Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Matthew A Cooper
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Thomas P Davis
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia. and Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia and Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Véronique Montembault
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans, UMR 6283 CNRS - Le Mans Université, Av. O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9, France
| | - Sagrario Pascual
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans, UMR 6283 CNRS - Le Mans Université, Av. O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9, France
| | - Laurent Fontaine
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans, UMR 6283 CNRS - Le Mans Université, Av. O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9, France
| | - Tony Velkov
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - John F Quinn
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia. and Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Michael R Whittaker
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia. and Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
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9
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Ren H, Qiu XP, Shi Y, Yang P, Winnik FM. Light, temperature, and pH control of aqueous azopyridine-terminated poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) solutions. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01086f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Azopyridines (AzPy) act as light-sensitive groups that undergo reversible cis–trans isomerization upon UV irradiation, as hydrogen-bond acceptors, and as ionizable moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ren
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710119
| | - Xing-Ping Qiu
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Montreal
- CP 6128 Succursale Centre Ville
- Montreal
- Canada
| | - Yan Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
| | - Peng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710119
| | - Françoise M. Winnik
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- PB 55
- University of Helsinki
- Helsinki FI00140
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10
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Wang X, Davis JL, Aden BM, Lokitz BS, Kilbey SM. Versatile Synthesis of Amine-Reactive Microgels by Self-Assembly of Azlactone-Containing Block Copolymers. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | | | | | - Bradley S. Lokitz
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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11
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Yang C, Chen L, Huang H, Lu Y, Yi J. Synthesis and properties of thermo-responsive azobenzene-based supramolecular dendronized copolymer. Polym Bull (Berl) 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-017-2255-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Kratochvil MJ, Carter MCD, Lynn DM. Amine-Reactive Azlactone-Containing Nanofibers for the Immobilization and Patterning of New Functionality on Nanofiber-Based Scaffolds. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:10243-10253. [PMID: 28234454 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report the design of amine-reactive polymer nanofibers and nonwoven reactive nanofiber mats fabricated by the electrospinning of azlactone-functionalized polymers. We demonstrate that randomly oriented nanofibers fabricated using a random copolymer of methyl methacrylate and 2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone contain intact and reactive azlactone groups that can be used to introduce new chemical functionality and modulate important interfacial properties of these materials (e.g., wetting behaviors) by postfabrication treatment with primary amine-based nucleophiles. The facile and "click-like" nature of these reactions permits functionalization under mild conditions without substantial changes to nanofiber or mat morphologies. This approach also enables the patterning of new functionality on mat-coated surfaces by treatment with bulk solutions of primary amines or by using methods such as microcontact printing. Further, these reactive mats can also, themselves, be contact-transferred or "printed" onto secondary surfaces by pressing them into contact with other amine-functionalized objects. Finally, we demonstrate that functionalization with hydrophobic amines can increase the stability of these materials in aqueous environments and yield hydrophobic nanofiber scaffolds useful for the design of "slippery" liquid-infused materials. The approaches reported here enable the introduction of new properties to reactive polymer mats after fabrication and, thus, reduce the need to synthesize individual functional polymers prior to electrospinning to achieve new properties. The azlactone chemistry used here broadens the scope of reactions that can be used to functionalize polymer nanofibers and is likely to prove general. We anticipate that this approach can be used with a range of amines or other nucleophiles (e.g., alcohols or thiols) to design nanofibers and reactive nanofiber-based materials with new physical properties, surface features, and behaviors that may be difficult to achieve by the direct electrospinning of conventional materials or other functional polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Kratochvil
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Matthew C D Carter
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - David M Lynn
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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13
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Sun Z, Tian Y, Hom WL, Gang O, Bhatia SR, Grubbs RB. Translating Thermal Response of Triblock Copolymer Assemblies in Dilute Solution to Macroscopic Gelation and Phase Separation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:1491-1494. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201609360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Sun
- Department of ChemistryStony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11764-3400 USA
| | - Ye Tian
- Center for Functional NanomaterialsBrookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11974 USA
| | - Wendy L. Hom
- Department of ChemistryStony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11764-3400 USA
| | - Oleg Gang
- Center for Functional NanomaterialsBrookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11974 USA
- Department of Chemical EngineeringColumbia University New York NY 10027 USA
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied MathematicsColumbia University New York NY 10027 USA
| | - Surita R. Bhatia
- Department of ChemistryStony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11764-3400 USA
| | - Robert B. Grubbs
- Department of ChemistryStony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11764-3400 USA
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14
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Sun Z, Tian Y, Hom WL, Gang O, Bhatia SR, Grubbs RB. Translating Thermal Response of Triblock Copolymer Assemblies in Dilute Solution to Macroscopic Gelation and Phase Separation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201609360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Sun
- Department of Chemistry; Stony Brook University; Stony Brook NY 11764-3400 USA
| | - Ye Tian
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials; Brookhaven National Laboratory; Upton NY 11974 USA
| | - Wendy L. Hom
- Department of Chemistry; Stony Brook University; Stony Brook NY 11764-3400 USA
| | - Oleg Gang
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials; Brookhaven National Laboratory; Upton NY 11974 USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Columbia University; New York NY 10027 USA
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics; Columbia University; New York NY 10027 USA
| | - Surita R. Bhatia
- Department of Chemistry; Stony Brook University; Stony Brook NY 11764-3400 USA
| | - Robert B. Grubbs
- Department of Chemistry; Stony Brook University; Stony Brook NY 11764-3400 USA
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15
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First investigation of modified poly(2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone)s as kinetic hydrate inhibitors. Chem Eng Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2016.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Zayas-Gonzalez YM, Lynn DM. Degradable Amine-Reactive Coatings Fabricated by the Covalent Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Poly(2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone) with Degradable Polyamine Building Blocks. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:3067-75. [PMID: 27525718 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b00975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We report the fabrication of reactive and degradable cross-linked polymer multilayers by the reactive/covalent layer-by-layer assembly of a non-degradable azlactone-functionalized polymer [poly(2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone), PVDMA] with hydrolytically or enzymatically degradable polyamine building blocks. Fabrication of multilayers using PVDMA and a hydrolytically degradable poly(β-amino ester) (PBAE) containing primary amine side chains yielded multilayers (∼100 nm thick) that degraded over ∼12 days in physiologically relevant media. Physicochemical characterization and studies on stable films fabricated using PVDMA and an analogous non-degradable poly(amidoamine) suggested that erosion occurred by chemical hydrolysis of backbone esters in the PBAE components of these assemblies. These degradable assemblies also contained residual amine-reactive azlactone functionality that could be used to impart new functionality to the coatings post-fabrication. Cross-linked multilayers fabricated using PVDMA and the enzymatically degradable polymer poly(l-lysine) were structurally stable for prolonged periods in physiological media, but degraded over ∼24 h when the enzyme trypsin was added. Past studies demonstrate that multilayers fabricated using PVDMA and non-degradable polyamines [e.g., poly(ethylenimine)] enable the design and patterning of useful nano/biointerfaces and other materials that are structurally stable in physiological media. The introduction of degradable functionality into PVDMA-based multilayers creates opportunities to exploit the reactivity of azlactone groups for the design of reactive materials and functional coatings that degrade or erode in environments that are relevant in biomedical, biotechnological, and environmental contexts. This "degradable building block" strategy should be general; we anticipate that this approach can also be extended to the design of amine-reactive multilayers that degrade upon exposure to specific chemical triggers, selective enzymes, or contact with cells by judicious design of the degradable polyamine building blocks used to fabricate the coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashira M Zayas-Gonzalez
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States , and
| | - David M Lynn
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States , and.,Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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17
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Lovett J, Warren NJ, Armes SP. Order-Order Morphological Transitions for Dual Stimulus Responsive Diblock Copolymer Vesicles. Macromolecules 2016; 49:1016-1025. [PMID: 26937051 PMCID: PMC4762544 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A series of non-ionic poly(glycerol monomethacrylate)-poly(2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate) (PGMA-PHPMA) diblock copolymer vesicles has been prepared by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) aqueous dispersion polymerization of HPMA at 70 °C at low pH using a carboxylic acid-based chain transfer agent. The degree of polymerization (DP) of the PGMA block was fixed at 43, and the DP of the PHPMA block was systematically varied from 175 to 250 in order to target vesicle phase space. Based on our recent work describing the analogous PGMA-PHPMA diblock copolymer worms [Lovett J. R.; Angew. Chem.2015, 54, 1279-1283], such diblock copolymer vesicles were expected to undergo an order-order morphological transition via ionization of the carboxylic acid end-group on switching the solution pH. Indeed, irreversible vesicle-to-sphere and vesicle-to-worm transitions were observed for PHPMA DPs of 175 and 200, respectively, as judged by turbidimetry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) studies. However, such morphological transitions are surprisingly slow, with relatively long time scales (hours) being required at 20 °C. Moreover, no order-order morphological transitions were observed for vesicles comprising longer membrane-forming blocks (e.g., PGMA43-PHPMA225-250) on raising the pH from pH 3.5 to pH 6.0. However, in such cases the application of a dual stimulus comprising the same pH switch immediately followed by cooling from 20 to 5 °C, induces an irreversible vesicle-to-sphere transition. Finally, TEM and DLS studies conducted in the presence of 100 mM KCl demonstrated that the pH-responsive behavior arising from end-group ionization could be suppressed in the presence of added electrolyte. This is because charge screening suppresses the subtle change in the packing parameter required to drive the morphological transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph
R. Lovett
- Dainton
Building, Department
of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
| | - Nicholas J. Warren
- Dainton
Building, Department
of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton
Building, Department
of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
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18
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Wang LH, Wu T, Zhang Z, You YZ. Unconventional Transitions of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) upon Heating in the Presence of Multiple Noncovalent Interactions. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Long-Hai Wang
- Key Lab
of Soft Matter Chemistry,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Key Lab
of Soft Matter Chemistry,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- Key Lab
of Soft Matter Chemistry,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Ye-Zi You
- Key Lab
of Soft Matter Chemistry,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
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19
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He L, Shang J, Theato P. Preparation of dual stimuli-responsive block copolymers based on different activated esters with distinct reactivities. Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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20
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Pei Y, Noy JM, Roth PJ, Lowe AB. Soft Matter Nanoparticles with Reactive Coronal Pentafluorophenyl Methacrylate Residues via Non-Polar RAFT Dispersion Polymerization and Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Pei
- Nanochemistry Research Institute (NRI) & Department of Chemistry; Curtin University; Kent Street, Bentley, Perth, Western Australia 6102 Australia
| | - Janina-Miriam Noy
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering; UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2051 Australia
| | - Peter J. Roth
- Nanochemistry Research Institute (NRI) & Department of Chemistry; Curtin University; Kent Street, Bentley, Perth, Western Australia 6102 Australia
| | - Andrew B. Lowe
- Nanochemistry Research Institute (NRI) & Department of Chemistry; Curtin University; Kent Street, Bentley, Perth, Western Australia 6102 Australia
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21
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Lane D, Chiu D, Su F, Srinivasan S, Kern H, Press O, Stayton P, Convertine A. Well-defined single polymer nanoparticles for the antibody-targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic agents. Polym Chem 2015; 6:1286-1299. [PMID: 26097514 PMCID: PMC4470501 DOI: 10.1039/c4py01250j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization was employed to prepare a series of linear copolymers of N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) and 2-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAm) with narrow Đ values over a molecular weight range spanning three orders of magnitude (103 to 106 Da). Trithiocarbonate-based RAFT chain transfer agents (CTAs) were grafted onto these scaffolds using carbodiimide chemistry catalyzed with DMAP. The resultant graft chain transfer agent (gCTA) was subsequently employed to synthesize polymeric brushes with a number of important vinyl monomer classes including acrylamido, methacrylamido, and methacrylate. Brush polymerization kinetics were evaluated for the aqueous RAFT polymerization of DMA from a 10 arm gCTA. Polymeric brushes containing hydroxyl functionality were further functionalized in order to prepare 2nd generation gCTAs which were subsequently employed to prepare polymers with a brushed-brush architecture with molecular weights in excess of 106 Da. These resultant single particle nanoparticles (SNPs) were employed as drug delivery vehicles for the anthracycline-based drug doxorubicin via copolymerization of DMA with a protected carbazate monomer (bocSMA). Cell-specific targeting functionality was also introduced via copolymerization with a biotin-functional monomer (bioHEMA). Drug release of the hydrazone linked doxorubicin was evaluated as function of pH and serum and chemotherapeutic activity was evaluated in SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - F.Y. Su
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, Department of Bioengineering, Box 355061, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - S. Srinivasan
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, Department of Bioengineering, Box 355061, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - H.B. Kern
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, Department of Bioengineering, Box 355061, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - O.W. Press
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, Department of Bioengineering, Box 355061, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - P.S. Stayton
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, Department of Bioengineering, Box 355061, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - A.J. Convertine
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, Department of Bioengineering, Box 355061, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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22
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Noy JM, Koldevitz M, Roth PJ. Thiol-reactive functional poly(meth)acrylates: multicomponent monomer synthesis, RAFT (co)polymerization and highly efficient thiol–para-fluoro postpolymerization modification. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py01238k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Novel Passerini-made pentafluorophenyl-functional (meth)acrylate monomers are (co)polymerized by RAFT and modified quantitatively with a variety of functional primary, secondary, and tertiary thiols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina-Miriam Noy
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- University of New South Wales
- UNSW Sydney
- Australia
| | - Miriam Koldevitz
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- University of New South Wales
- UNSW Sydney
- Australia
| | - Peter J. Roth
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- University of New South Wales
- UNSW Sydney
- Australia
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23
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Quek JY, Liu X, Davis TP, Roth PJ, Lowe AB. RAFT-prepared α-difunctional poly(2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone)s and their derivatives: synthesis and effect of end-groups on aqueous inverse temperature solubility. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py01108b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Five R-group di-functional dithiobenzoates have been prepared and used in the reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer polymerization of 2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang Quek
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- UNSW Australia
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
| | - Xuechao Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- UNSW Australia
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
| | - Thomas P. Davis
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Monash University
- Parkville
- Australia
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Peter J. Roth
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- UNSW Australia
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
| | - Andrew B. Lowe
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- UNSW Australia
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
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24
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Pei Y, Sugita OR, Quek JY, Roth PJ, Lowe AB. pH-, thermo- and electrolyte-responsive polymer gels derived from a well-defined, RAFT-synthesized, poly(2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone) homopolymer via one-pot post-polymerization modification. Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2014.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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25
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Pei Y, Noy JM, Roth PJ, Lowe AB. Thiol-reactive Passerini-methacrylates and polymorphic surface functional soft matter nanoparticles via ethanolic RAFT dispersion polymerization and post-synthesis modification. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py01558d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
RAFT dispersion polymerization (RAFTDP) is used to prepare reactive nanoparticles via the incorporation of Passerini-derived methacrylic comonomers containing pentafluorophenyl (PFP) groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Pei
- School of Chemical Engineering
- CAMD
- UNSW Australia
- Sydney
- Australia
| | | | - Peter J. Roth
- School of Chemical Engineering
- CAMD
- UNSW Australia
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Andrew B. Lowe
- School of Chemical Engineering
- CAMD
- UNSW Australia
- Sydney
- Australia
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26
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Shi H, Zhou K, Yu Q, Cui Z, Jiang Y, Lu X, Cai Y. Programmable self-assembly of a cystamine-block copolymer in response to pH and progressive reduction–ionization–oxidation. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01092f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A water-soluble cystamine-block copolymer undergoes air/pH-mediated programmable self-assembly/reconstructions simply stemming from the unique environment-mediated reaction complexity of the cystamine-functionalized unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design & Precision Synthesis
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
| | - Kaiyi Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design & Precision Synthesis
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
| | - Qiuping Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design & Precision Synthesis
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
| | - Zhigang Cui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design & Precision Synthesis
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
| | - Yanyan Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design & Precision Synthesis
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
| | - Xinhua Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design & Precision Synthesis
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
| | - Yuanli Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design & Precision Synthesis
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
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27
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Mu X, Qiao J, Qi L, Dong P, Ma H. Poly(2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone)-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles as carriers for enzyme immobilization and its application. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:21346-54. [PMID: 25360545 DOI: 10.1021/am5063025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Fabrication of various efficient enzyme reactors has triggered increasing interests for its extensive applications in biological and clinical research. In this study, magnetic nanoparticles were functionalized by a biocompatible reactive polymer, poly(2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone), which was synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. Then, the prepared polymer-modified magnetic nanoparticles were employed as favorable carriers for enzyme immobilization. l-Asparaginase was selected as the model enzyme to fabricate the enzyme reactor, and the prepared enzyme reactor exhibited high loading capacity of 318.0 μg mg(-1) magnetic nanoparticle. Interestingly, it has been observed that the enzymolysis efficiency increased slightly with the lengthened polymer chain, resulting from the increased immobilization amount of enzyme. Meanwhile, the immobilized enzyme could retain more than 95.7% activity after 10 repeated uses and maintain more than 72.6% activity after 10 weeks storage. Moreover, an extracorporeal shunt system was simulated to estimate the potential application capability of the prepared l-asparaginase reactor in acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Mu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P.R. China
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28
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Speetjens FW, Carter MCD, Kim M, Gopalan P, Mahanthappa MK, Lynn DM. Post-Fabrication Placement of Arbitrary Chemical Functionality on Microphase-Separated Thin Films of Amine-Reactive Block Copolymers. ACS Macro Lett 2014; 3:1178-1182. [PMID: 35610820 DOI: 10.1021/mz500654a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We report an approach to the post-fabrication placement of chemical functionality on microphase-separated thin films of a reactive block copolymer. Our approach makes use of an azlactone-containing block copolymer that microphase separates into domains of perpendicularly-oriented lamellae. These thin films present nanoscale patterns of amine-reactive groups (reactive stripes) that serve as handles for the immobilization of primary amine-containing functionality. We demonstrate that arbitrary chemical functionality can be installed by treatment with aqueous solutions under mild conditions that do not perturb underlying microphase-separated patterns dictated by the structure of the reactive block copolymer. This post-fabrication approach provides a basis for the development of modular approaches to the design of microphase-separated block copolymer thin films and access to coatings with patterned chemical domains and surface properties that would be difficult to prepare by the self-assembly and processing of functionally complex block copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank W. Speetjens
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Matthew C. D. Carter
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Myungwoong Kim
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1509 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Padma Gopalan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1509 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Mahesh K. Mahanthappa
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - David M. Lynn
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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29
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Bastakoti BP, Guragain S, Nakashima K, Yamauchi Y. Stimuli-Induced Core-Corona Inversion of Micelle of Poly(acrylic acid)-block-Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and Its Application in Drug Delivery. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201400440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bishnu Prasad Bastakoti
- World Premier International (WPI) Research Center for Materials; Nanoarchitectonics; National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS); 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan
| | - Sudhina Guragain
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Engineering; Saga University; 1 Honjo-machi Saga 840-8502 Japan
| | - Kenichi Nakashima
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Engineering; Saga University; 1 Honjo-machi Saga 840-8502 Japan
| | - Yusuke Yamauchi
- World Premier International (WPI) Research Center for Materials; Nanoarchitectonics; National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS); 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Waseda University; 3-4-1 Okubo Shinjuku Tokyo 169-8555 Japan
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30
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Postpolymerization synthesis of (bis)amide (co)polymers: Thermoresponsive behavior and self-association. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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31
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Feng A, Zhan C, Yan Q, Liu B, Yuan J. A CO2- and temperature-switchable “schizophrenic” block copolymer: from vesicles to micelles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:8958-61. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc03156c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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32
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Roth PJ. Composing Well-Defined Stimulus-Responsive Materials Through Postpolymerization Modification Reactions. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201400073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Roth
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering; University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
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33
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Woodfield PA, Zhu Y, Pei Y, Roth PJ. Hydrophobically Modified Sulfobetaine Copolymers with Tunable Aqueous UCST through Postpolymerization Modification of Poly(pentafluorophenyl acrylate). Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma402391a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter A. Woodfield
- Centre
for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Yicheng Zhu
- Centre
for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Yiwen Pei
- Centre
for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Polymer
Electronics Research Centre, School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Peter J. Roth
- Centre
for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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34
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van Hensbergen JA, Burford RP, Lowe AB. ROMP (co)polymers with pendent alkyne side groups: post-polymerization modification employing thiol–yne and CuAAC coupling chemistries. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00604f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of a series of copolymers via ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) containing pendent trimethylsilyl-protected alkyne functional groups is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes A. van Hensbergen
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- UNSW AUSTRALIA
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney, Australia
| | - Robert P. Burford
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- UNSW AUSTRALIA
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney, Australia
| | - Andrew B. Lowe
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- UNSW AUSTRALIA
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney, Australia
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35
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Tang X, Han J, Zhu Z, Lu X, Chen H, Cai Y. Facile synthesis, sequence-tuned thermoresponsive behaviours and reaction-induced reorganization of water-soluble keto-polymers. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00146j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Water-soluble keto-polymers: facile synthesis in methanol on irradiation with visible light at 25 °C, sequence-tuned thermoresponsive behaviours and reaction-induced reorganization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghua Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jie Han
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhengguang Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xinhua Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yuanli Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123, China
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36
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Li S, Huo F, Li Q, Gao C, Su Y, Zhang W. Synthesis of a doubly thermo-responsive schizophrenic diblock copolymer based on poly[N-(4-vinylbenzyl)-N,N-diethylamine] and its temperature-sensitive flip-flop micellization. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00077c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A doubly thermo-responsive schizophrenic diblock copolymer, poly(tert-butyl methacrylate)-block-poly[N-(4-vinylbenzyl)-N,N-diethylamine], was synthesized and its flip-flop micellization was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shentong Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Fei Huo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Quanlong Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chengqiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yang Su
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Wangqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071, China
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