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Sequential and Simultaneous Photoinduced Radical and Step-Growth Polymerizations of Carbazole Functional Styrene. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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ROMP of norbornene and oxanorbornene derivatives with pendant fluorophore carbazole and coumarin groups. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Synthesis of Di-Block Copolymers Poly (propylene ox-ide)-block-Poly (9-(2,3-epoxypropyl) Carbazole) via Sequential Addition of Monomers in One Pot. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13050763. [PMID: 33671064 PMCID: PMC7957571 DOI: 10.3390/polym13050763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Polypropylene oxide (PPO) and poly(9-(2,3-epoxypropyl) carbazole) (PEPK) di-block copolymers are prepared in one pot via sequential monomer addition by using i-PrONa/i-Bu3Al as an anionic catalytic system. An almost 100% monomer conversion is obtained, and the length of each block is controlled through the monomer/catalyst ratio used. Copolymer molecular weights are quite close to theoretical values calculated assuming the formation of one polymer chain per catalyst; therefore, it is hypothesized that the polymerization reaction proceeds with a living character. The synthesis appears to be particularly efficient and versatile. The calorimetric properties of copolymers obtained in this work are remarkable, since they show two distinct Tg values, corresponding to the PPO and PEPK blocks. The optical measurements of di-block copolymers show more analogous features than those of PEPK homopolymer. Copolymer solution emission spectra just exhibit isolated carbazole fluorescence, whereas in the solid state, film spectra show excimer fluorescence.
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Syndiospecific coordination (Co)polymerization of carbazole-substituted styrene derivatives using the scandium catalyst system. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00896j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Perfect syndiospecific polymerization of carbazole-substituted styrene derivatives was achieved using a rare-earth metal catalyst. Also copolymerization of FSt with styrene afforded copolymers with gradient sequence distributions and easily tunable incorporation rate.
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Atom-transfer radical homo- and copolymerization of carbazole-substituted styrene and perfluorostyrene. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Azide-substituted Poly( N
-ethyl-3-vinylcarbazole) as a Thermally Cross-Linkable Hole-Transporting Material for Polymeric Light-Emitting Diodes. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201700202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Simultaneous step-growth and chain-growth cationic polymerization of styrenic monomers bearing carbazolyl groups. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Novel Complex Polymers with Carbazole Functionality by Controlled Radical Polymerization. INT J POLYM SCI 2012. [DOI: 10.1155/2012/170912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes recent advances in the design and synthesis of novel complex polymers with carbazole moieties using controlled radical polymerization techniques. We focus on the polymeric architectures of block copolymers, star polymers, including star block copolymers and miktoarm star copolymers, comb-shaped copolymers, and hybrids. Controlled radical polymerization ofN-vinylcarbazole (NVC) and styrene and (meth)acrylate derivatives having carbazole moieties is well advanced, leading to the well-controlled synthesis of complex macromolecules. Characteristic optoelectronic properties, assembled structures, and three-dimensional architectures are briefly introduced.
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Well-defined fluoro- and carbazole-containing diblock copolymers: synthesis, characterization and immobilization onto Au-coated silicon surfaces. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra20650a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Polymethacrylates with anthryl and carbazolyl groups prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization. Polym J 2011. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2011.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Synthesizing and characterization of comb-shaped carbazole containing copolymer via combination of ring opening polymerization and nitroxide-mediated polymerization. POLYMER 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Poly(methyl methacrylate) copolymers containing pendant carbazole and oxadiazole moieties for applications in single‐layer organic light emitting devices. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Controlled synthesis and fluorescent properties of poly(9-(4-vinylbenzyl)-9H-carbazole) via nitroxide-mediated living free-radical polymerization. Eur Polym J 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2008.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Structural investigations of (9-ethyl-carbazol-6-yl) methyl methacrylate/methyl acrylate copolymers using two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy. J Appl Polym Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/app.24899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Photophysical processes and photochemical reactions involved in poly(N-vinylcarbazole) and in copolymers with carbazole units. Polym Degrad Stab 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2005.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Synthesis, characterization, and thermal behavior study of methyl methacrylate polymers containing 4-carbazole substitutes. J Appl Polym Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/app.24963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Controlled Synthesis of Poly(N-ethyl-3-vinylcarbazole) and Block Copolymers via RAFT Polymerization. Macromolecules 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/ma050918g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Microstructure elucidation of poly(9-ethyl-3-hydroxymethylcarbazolyl methacrylate) using two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy. J Mol Struct 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2004.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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A Novel Synthesis of Polyacrylates and Polymethacrylates with Pendant Carbazole Groups. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1080/15421409008047462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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An interpretation of the photophysical properties of poly(N-vinylcarbazole) based on bichromophoric model systems and the conformational analysis of the polymer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0144-2880(86)90051-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Photophysical properties of poly[2-(9-carbazolyl)ethyl methacrylate] films: Energy migration and carrier generation in films having no excimer-forming site. Chem Phys Lett 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(85)85229-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Synthesis, stereochemistry and fluorescence properties of polystyrenes having carbazole substituents. Eur Polym J 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-3057(83)90119-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Studies of the antenna effect in polymer molecules V. Determination of the extent of singlet energy migration in a phenanthrene — Containing polymer by fluorescence quenching. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1982. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4980140406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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INTERMOLECULAR EXCIMER INTERACTIONS IN POLYMERS. Macromolecules 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-026226-0.50015-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Synthesis, fluorescence emission spectra and chiroptical properties of copolymers of N-vinylcarbazole and optically active fumarates. POLYMER 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(81)90298-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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