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Gouda AS, Przypis Ł, Walczak K, Jørgensen PT, Wengel J. Carbazole modified oligonucleotides: synthesis, hybridization studies and fluorescence properties. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:6935-6948. [PMID: 32936176 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01553a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of the novel thiophenyl carbazole phosphoramidite DNA building block 5 was accomplished in four steps using a Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction from the core carbazole and it was seamlessly accommodated into a 9-mer DNA-based oligonucleotide by incorporation at the flanking 5'-end in combination with a central insertion of an LNA-T nucleotide. The carbazole-containing oligonucleotide was combined in different duplex hybrids, which were characterized by thermal denaturation, circular dichroism and fluorescence studies. The carbazole monomer modulates the duplex stability in various ways. Thus, monomer Z increased the thermal stability of the 9-mer towards the complementary 9-mer/15-mer DNA duplex by 4.2 °C. Furthermore, indications of its intercalation into the duplex were obtained by modeling studies and robust decreases in fluorescence emission intensities upon duplex formation. In contrast, no clear intercalating tendency was corroborated for monomer Z within the DNA/RNA hybrid duplex as indicated by moderate quenching of the fluorescence and similar duplex thermal stabilities relative to the corresponding control duplex. The recognition efficiencies of the carbazole modified oligonucleotide toward single nucleotide mismatches were studied with two 15-mer model targets (DNA and RNA). For both systems, mismatches positioned at the juxtaposition of the carbazole monomer showed pronounced deceases in thermal denaturation temperature. Steady-state fluorescence emission studies of all mismatched duplexes with incorporation of Z monomer typically displayed efficient fluorescence quenching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa S Gouda
- Biomolecular Nanoscale Engineering Center, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark.
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2
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Salari S, Ghodsi FE, Nadamani MP. 4-Nitro-Azo Dye-Sensitized Optical Behavior of Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Networks in Zirconium-Based Thin Films: Effect of Cu Co-doping. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-019-01345-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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3
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Appiah C, Woltersdorf G, Binder WH. Synthesis of photoresponsive main-chain oligomers with azobenzene moieties via ADMET oligomerization and their micellization properties. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py00426e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of azobenzene functionalized linear unsaturated/saturated polyolefin-oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clement Appiah
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry
- Physics and Mathematics)
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
- Halle (Saale) D-06120
| | - Georg Woltersdorf
- Institute of Physics
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
- Halle (Saale)
- Germany
| | - Wolfgang H. Binder
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry
- Physics and Mathematics)
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
- Halle (Saale) D-06120
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4
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Appiah C, Siefermann KR, Jorewitz M, Barqawi H, Binder WH. Synthesis and characterization of new photoswitchable azobenzene-containing poly(ε-caprolactones). RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra25216d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel and efficient strategy in obtaining mono- and bi-armed azobenzene-containing poly(ε-caprolactone)s is described, starting from a commercially available azobenzene dye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clement Appiah
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics)
- Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
- Halle (Saale)
| | | | | | - Haitham Barqawi
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics)
- Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
- Halle (Saale)
| | - Wolfgang H. Binder
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics)
- Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
- Halle (Saale)
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5
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Keyvan Rad J, Mahdavian AR, Salehi-Mobarakeh H, Abdollahi A. FRET Phenomenon in Photoreversible Dual-Color Fluorescent Polymeric Nanoparticles Based on Azocarbazole/Spiropyran Derivatives. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaber Keyvan Rad
- Polymer Science Department, Iran Polymer & Petrochemical Institute, P.O. Box 14965/115, 14977-13115 Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Mahdavian
- Polymer Science Department, Iran Polymer & Petrochemical Institute, P.O. Box 14965/115, 14977-13115 Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Salehi-Mobarakeh
- Polymer Science Department, Iran Polymer & Petrochemical Institute, P.O. Box 14965/115, 14977-13115 Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Abdollahi
- Polymer Science Department, Iran Polymer & Petrochemical Institute, P.O. Box 14965/115, 14977-13115 Tehran, Iran
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6
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Xue X, Yang J, Huang W, Yang H, Jiang B. Preparation and characterization of novel side-chain azobenzene polymers containing tetrazole group. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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7
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Sun L, Luo X, Chen S, Fang Y, Zhang Q, Cao L, Qu Y, Jiang X. Optical Properties of Carbazole-Based Photorefractive Polymers. J MACROMOL SCI B 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2015.1037384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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8
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Electrochemical and photovoltaic study of sunset yellow and tartrazine dyes. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-015-1425-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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9
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Synthesis of Novel Carbazole based Styryl: Rational Approach for Photophysical Properties and TD-DFT. J Fluoresc 2014; 24:1457-72. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-014-1429-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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10
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Zhao S, Kang J, Du Y, Kang J, Zhao X, Xu Y, Chen R, Wang Q, Shi X. An Efficient Ultrasound-Assisted Synthesis ofN-Alkyl Derivatives of Carbazole, Indole, and Phenothiazine. J Heterocycl Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.1652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanhu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry; Xinzhou Teachers University; Xinzhou 034000 China
| | - Jin Kang
- Department of Chemistry; Xinzhou Teachers University; Xinzhou 034000 China
| | - Yuting Du
- Department of Chemistry; Xinzhou Teachers University; Xinzhou 034000 China
| | - Jingyan Kang
- Department of Chemistry; Xinzhou Teachers University; Xinzhou 034000 China
| | - Xiaoni Zhao
- Department of Chemistry; Xinzhou Teachers University; Xinzhou 034000 China
| | - Yinfeng Xu
- Department of Chemistry; Xinzhou Teachers University; Xinzhou 034000 China
| | - Ruixi Chen
- Department of Chemistry; Xinzhou Teachers University; Xinzhou 034000 China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Department of Chemistry; Xinzhou Teachers University; Xinzhou 034000 China
| | - Xitao Shi
- Department of Chemistry; Xinzhou Teachers University; Xinzhou 034000 China
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11
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A potentiometric chiral sensor for l-Phenylalanine based on crosslinked polymethylacrylic acid–polycarbazole hybrid molecularly imprinted polymer. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 754:83-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Revised: 09/27/2012] [Accepted: 09/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Sava I, Hurduc N, Sacarescu L, Apostol I, Damian V. Study of the nanostructuration capacity of some azopolymers with rigid or flexible chains. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008312454151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Azobenzene polymers have been the subject of intensive research due to their unique and unexpected properties that allow various applications triggered by light. One of their attractive features is the possibility of changing the orientation of azobenzene chain through trans-cis-trans photoisomerization cycles to photoinduce birefringerence and linear dichroism in thin polymer films. The photochromic behavior and surface structuring capacity of rigid or flexible polymers having side azobenzene units have been investigated. The polyimides with side azobenzene units have rigid structure, while polysiloxane chains modified with azobenzene groups and nucleobases are considered materials with flexible structure. During the photochromic studies of the investigated polymers, a mechanism concerning the possibility to generate a fluid phase under UV/VIS irradiation was proposed. The photoisomerisation kinetic by UV-Vis irradiation in the solid state compared with the solution and the cis-trans azobenzene relaxation phenomena were presented. The surface structuring capacity of these polymers was studied using a Nd:YAG laser at 355 nm, at different incident fluencies and pulse numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ion Sava
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda, Iasi, Romania
| | - Nicolae Hurduc
- Technical University Gheorghe Asachi, Department of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Mangeron, Iasi, Romania
| | - Liviu Sacarescu
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda, Iasi, Romania
| | - Ileana Apostol
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Atomistilor str, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - Victor Damian
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Atomistilor str, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
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13
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Pei H, Li W, Liu Y, Wang D, Wang J, Shi J, Cao S. Ring-opening metathesis polymerization of norbornene derivatives for multifunctionalized all-optical photorefractive polymers with a non-conjugated main chain. POLYMER 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2011.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Wang Y, Ye G, Wang X. Photoinduced orientation in nunchaku-like azo molecular glass studied by birefringence characterization and FT-IR spectroscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm00043a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Functional poly(phenylacetylene)s carrying azobenzene pendants: Polymer synthesis, photoisomerization behaviors, and liquid-crystalline property. POLYMER 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2011.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Yuan S, Wu W, Wei Z, Shu K, Tang H, Dou Y, Lo GV. A semiclassical dynamics study of the photoisomerization of methyl-substituted azobenzene. Mol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2010.520755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Synthesis and characterization of a novel bipolar Alq3-based copolymer containing carbazole and phenothiazine groups. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-010-9523-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Li Z, Qin JG, Li SJ, Ye C. A new synthetic strategy to prepare a polyphosphazene with charge-transporting agents and nonlinear optical chromophores as side chains. CHINESE J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.20030211032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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19
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Xue X, Zhu J, Zhang Z, Zhou N, Zhu X. Synthesis and photoresponsive behavior of the high-Tg azobenzene polymers via RAFT polymerization. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2010.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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20
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Molecular-level interactions of an azopolymer and poly(dodecylmethacrylate) in mixed Langmuir and Langmuir–Blodgett films for optical storage. J Colloid Interface Sci 2010; 346:87-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2010.02.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2009] [Revised: 02/25/2010] [Accepted: 02/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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21
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Xue X, Zhu J, Zhang Z, Zhou N, Tu Y, Zhu X. Soluble Main-Chain Azobenzene Polymers via Thermal 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition: Preparation and Photoresponsive Behavior. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma902671m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Xue
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jian Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhengbiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Nianchen Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yingfeng Tu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiulin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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22
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One- and two-dimensional NMR studies of methyl acrylate/vinyl acetate/N-vinyl carbazole terpolymers. J Mol Struct 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2009.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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23
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Wang D, Ye G, Zhu Y, Wang X. Photoinduced Mass-Migration Behavior of Two Amphiphilic Side-Chain Azo Diblock Copolymers with Different Length Flexible Spacers. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma8026063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongrui Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Gang Ye
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xiaogong Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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24
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Angiolini L, Giorgini L, Mauriello F, Rochon P. Synthesis and Photoresponsive Properties of Optically Active Methacrylic Polymers Bearing Side-Chain Azocarbazole Moieties. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.200800448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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25
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Barik S, Valiyaveettil S. Synthesis and Self-Assembly of Copolymers with Pendant Electroactive Units. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma8008349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satyananda Barik
- Department of Chemistry, 3-Science Drive 3, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Suresh Valiyaveettil
- Department of Chemistry, 3-Science Drive 3, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
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26
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Zhang L, Shi J, Yang Z, Huang M, Chen Z, Gong Q, Cao S. Photorefractive properties of polyphosphazenes containing carbazole-based multifunctional chromophores. POLYMER 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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Correa D, Cardoso M, Gonçalves V, Balogh D, De Boni L, Mendonça C. Optical birefringence induced by two-photon absorption in polythiophene bearing an azochromophore. POLYMER 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2008.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Liu Y, Wu J, Meng L, Zhang L, Lu X. Self-assembled, fluorescent polymeric micelles of a graft copolymer containing carbazole for thermo-controlled drug deliveryin vitro. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2008; 85:435-43. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.30963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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29
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Synthesis of tetrazole-containing azo polymers with properties of photo-induced birefringence and surface-relief-gratings via RAFT polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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30
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Barrett CJ, Mamiya JI, Yager KG, Ikeda T. Photo-mechanical effects in azobenzene-containing soft materials. SOFT MATTER 2007; 3:1249-1261. [PMID: 32900091 DOI: 10.1039/b705619b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The change in shape inducible in some photo-reversible molecules using light can effect powerful changes to a variety of properties of a host material. The most ubiquitous natural molecule for reversible shape change is the rhodopsin-retinal protein system that enables vision, and this is perhaps the quintessential reversible photo-switch. Perhaps the best artificial mimic of this strong photo-switching effect however, for reversibility, speed, and simplicity of incorporation, is azobenzene. This review focuses on the study and application of reversible changes in shape that can be achieved with various systems incorporating azobenzene. This photo-mechanical effect can be defined as the reversible change in shape inducible in some molecules by the adsorption of light, which results in a significant macroscopic mechanical deformation of the host material. Thus, it does not include simple thermal expansion effects, nor does it include reversible but non-mechanical photo-switching or photo-chemistry, nor any of the wide range of optical and electro-optical switching effects for which good reviews exist elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jun-Ichi Mamiya
- Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Kevin G Yager
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, USA
| | - Tomiki Ikeda
- Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.
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31
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Kim MJ, Lee J, Chun C, Kim DY, Higuchi S, Nakayama T. Control of Photodynamic Motions of Azobenzene-Derivative Polymers by Laser Excitation Wavelength. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.200700159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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32
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Microstructure determination of 9-ethyl-3-hydroxymethylcarbazolyl acrylate/methacrylonitrile using two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy. J Mol Struct 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2006.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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33
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Abdel-Rahman TM. Synthesis, Reactions, and Anticancer Activity of Some 1,3,4-Thiadiazole/Thiadiazine Derivatives of Carbazole. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10426500500536572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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34
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Zhang Y, Zhang W, Chen X, Cheng Z, Wu J, Zhu J, Zhu X. Synthesis of novel three-arm star azo side-chain liquid crystalline polymer via ATRP and photoinduced surface relief gratings. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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35
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Sadagopan K, Rekha AS, Ratna D, Samui AB. Synthesis and characterization of azo-based methacrylate polymers with methoxy and nitro end groups for nonlinear optical applications. J Appl Polym Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/app.24656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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36
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Brar AS, Gandhi S. Structural investigations of (9-ethyl-carbazol-6-yl) methyl methacrylate/methyl acrylate copolymers using two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy. J Appl Polym Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/app.24899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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37
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Zhang L, Huang M, Jiang Z, Yang Z, Chen Z, Gong Q, Cao S. A carbazole-based photorefractive polyphosphazene prepared via post-azo-coupling reaction. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2006.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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38
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Ling QD, Wang W, Song Y, Zhu CX, Chan DSH, Kang ET, Neoh KG. Bistable Electrical Switching and Memory Effects in a Thin Film of Copolymer Containing Electron Donor−Acceptor Moieties and Europium Complexes. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:23995-4001. [PMID: 17125369 DOI: 10.1021/jp0647939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A nonconjugated methacrylate copolymer (PCzOxEu) containing carbazole moieties (electron donors), 1,3,4-oxadiazole moieties (electron acceptors), and europium complexes in the pendant groups was synthesized via free radical copolymerization of methacrylate monomers containing the respective functional groups. The molecular structure and composition of PCzOxEu was characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and cyclic voltammetry (CyV). The resulting copolymer exhibited a relatively high glass transition temperature (Tg approximately 125 degrees C) and good solubility in common organic solvents. It could be cast into transparent films from solutions. For a thin film of PCzOxEu sandwiched between an indium-tin oxide (ITO) electrode and an Al electrode (ITO/PCzOxEu/Al), the structure behaved as a nonvolatile flash (rewritable) memory with accessible electronic states that could be written, read, and erased. The polymer memory exhibited an ON/OFF current ratio up to 10(5), switching response time of approximately 1.5 micros, more than 10(6) read cycles, retention time of more than 8 h, and write/erase voltages of about 4.4 V/-2.8 V under ambient conditions. The roles of oxadiazole moieties in improving the response time and retention time of the memory device were elucidated from the molecular simulation results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Dan Ling
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 119260, Singapore
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Angiolini L, Benelli T, Giorgini L, Mauriello F, Salatelli E. Synthesis of Optically Active Photoresponsive Multifunctional Polymer Containing the Side-Chain Azocarbazole Chromophore. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.200600382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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He Y, Yin J, Che P, Wang X. Epoxy-based polymers containing methyl-substituted azobenzene chromophores and photoinduced surface relief gratings. Eur Polym J 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2005.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Alam MZ, Ohmachi T, Ogata T, Nonaka T, Kurihara S. Surface relief gratings on azo polymer films through reversible photoisomerization by the irradiation of a monochromatic light. J Appl Polym Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/app.24180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Comprehensive analysis of stereoregularity and sequence distribution in 2-N-carbazolylethyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate copolymers by 2D NMR spectroscopy and their thermal studies. POLYMER 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Burillo G, Bucio E, del P. Carreón-Castro M, Castillo-Rojas S. Photochemical Effect of Azocompounds Acrylates Grafted in Different Polymeric Matrices. Polym Bull (Berl) 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-005-0427-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Shi J, Xin Y, Zhang L, Xu S, Cao S. A postfunctionalization strategy to develop carbazole-based photorefractive polymers with low Tg. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2004.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Niu H, Huang Y, Bai X, Li X, Yang Q. Photoinduced birefringence properties of poly-Schiff bases containing triphenylamine. J Appl Polym Sci 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/app.20997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Wu S, Yao S, She W, Yan K, Zhao J. All-optical switching modulation in poly(vinyl carbazole)?based azobenzene blends. POLYM ENG SCI 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.10059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Hwang J, Sohn J, Park SY. Synthesis and Structural Effect of Multifunctional Photorefractive Polymers Containing Monolithic Chromophores. Macromolecules 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/ma034104g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaehoon Hwang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, ENG445, San 56-1, Shillim-dong, Kwanak-gu, Seoul 151-744, Korea
| | - Jiwon Sohn
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, ENG445, San 56-1, Shillim-dong, Kwanak-gu, Seoul 151-744, Korea
| | - Soo Young Park
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, ENG445, San 56-1, Shillim-dong, Kwanak-gu, Seoul 151-744, Korea
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Effect of the photosensitizer on the photorefractive effect using a lowT g sol-gel glass. Macromol Res 2003. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03218360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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