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Brassem G, Singh MR, Yastrebov S. Transient Study of Photoluminescence in Nanowaveguides Doped with Quantum Emitters and Metallic Nanoparticles. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202300802. [PMID: 38598009 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
We have studied the time-dependent optical properties of nanowaveguides containing an ensemble of noninteracting quantum emitters and interaction metallic nanoparticles. We have developed a theory for transient photoluminescence (PL) and exciton population density using the density matrix method. In our theory, we have included the effect of the dipole-dipole interaction (DDI) between metallic nanoparticles along with the effect of the surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) created by metallic nanoparticles. We compared our theory with the transient PL experiments of nanohybrids fabricated from CdSe/ZnS quantum dots and an Ag nanorod array. A good agreement between theory and PL experiment is found. We have also examined the transient behavior of the photoluminescence in the presence of the DDI and SPP couplings. It is observed that the number of transient PL oscillations increases as the DDI coupling increases. The width of the transient peaks also increases as the amount of the DDI coupling increases. Finally, we predicted that the peaks of the transient PL oscillation split from one peak to two peaks as the intensity of the DDI coupling reaches the strong coupling limit. The strong coupling limit is defined when the DDI coupling is larger than the PL decay rates. This finding can be used to fabricate nano switches by using one peak as the OFF position and two peaks as the ON position. The above findings also suggest the transient plasmonic properties of nanowaveguides can be controlled by the SPP and DDI couplings. These findings have potential applications in the development of transient nanoscale plasmonic devices such as nano detectors and optical nano switches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant Brassem
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Mahi R Singh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Sergey Yastrebov
- Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, 194021, Russia
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2
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Westmoreland DE, McClelland KP, Perez KA, Schwabacher JC, Zhang Z, Weiss EA. Properties of quantum dots coupled to plasmons and optical cavities. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:210901. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5124392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dana E. Westmoreland
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
| | - Kevin P. McClelland
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
| | - Kaitlyn A. Perez
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
| | - James C. Schwabacher
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
| | - Zhengyi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
| | - Emily A. Weiss
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
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3
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Li Q, Pan D, Wei H, Xu H. Plasmon-Assisted Selective and Super-Resolving Excitation of Individual Quantum Emitters on a Metal Nanowire. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:2009-2015. [PMID: 29485884 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b05448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid systems composed of multiple quantum emitters coupled with plasmonic waveguides are promising building blocks for future integrated quantum nanophotonic circuits. The techniques that can super-resolve and selectively excite contiguous quantum emitters in a diffraction-limited area are of great importance for studying the plasmon-mediated interaction between quantum emitters and manipulating the single plasmon generation and propagation in plasmonic circuits. Here we show that multiple quantum dots coupled with a silver nanowire can be controllably excited by tuning the interference field of surface plasmons on the nanowire. Because of the period of the interference pattern is much smaller than the diffraction limit, we demonstrate the selective excitation of two quantum dots separated by a distance as short as 100 nm. We also numerically demonstrate a new kind of super-resolution imaging method that combines the tunable surface plasmon interference pattern on the NW with the structured illumination microscopy technique. Our work provides a novel high-resolution optical excitation and imaging method for the coupled systems of multiple quantum emitters and plasmonic waveguides, which adds a new tool for studying and manipulating single quantum emitters and single plasmons for quantum plasmonic circuitry applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Deng Pan
- School of Physics and Technology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Hong Wei
- Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- School of Physics and Technology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
- Institute for Advanced Studies , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
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4
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Wei H, Pan D, Zhang S, Li Z, Li Q, Liu N, Wang W, Xu H. Plasmon Waveguiding in Nanowires. Chem Rev 2018; 118:2882-2926. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wei
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Deng Pan
- School of Physics and Technology, and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shunping Zhang
- School of Physics and Technology, and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nano-Photonics and Nano-Structure (NPNS), Department of Physics, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Physics and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Wenhui Wang
- School of Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- School of Physics and Technology, and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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5
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Li YJ, Hong Y, Peng Q, Yao J, Zhao YS. Orientation-Dependent Exciton-Plasmon Coupling in Embedded Organic/Metal Nanowire Heterostructures. ACS NANO 2017; 11:10106-10112. [PMID: 28930431 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b04584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The excitation of surface plasmons by optical emitters based on exciton-plasmon coupling is important for plasmonic devices with active optical properties. It has been theoretically demonstrated that the orientation of exciton dipole can significantly influence the coupling strength, yet systematic study of the coupling process in nanostructures is still hindered by the lack of proper material systems. In this work, we have experimentally investigated the orientation-dependent exciton-plasmon coupling in a rationally designed organic/metal nanowire heterostructure system. The heterostructures were prepared by inserting silver nanowires into crystalline organic waveguides during the self-assembly of dye molecules. Structures with different exciton orientations exhibited varying coupling efficiencies. The near-field exciton-plasmon coupling facilitates the design of nanophotonic devices based on the directional surface plasmon polariton propagations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Jun Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yan Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin-Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054, China
| | | | - Jiannian Yao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yong Sheng Zhao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
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6
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Mai W, Song X, Jiang P, Wang W, Yu L, Zhang J. Control of the two-photon fluorescence of quantum dots coupled to silver nanowires. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:27870-27881. [PMID: 27906355 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.027870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Plasmon-based fluorescence modulation has led to important advances in various fields and has paved the way toward promising scientific research aimed at enabling new applications. However, the modulation of fluorescence properties based on both localized surface plasmon (LSP) and cavity modes of propagating surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are rarely reported. Here, we raster scanned a hybrid nanowire (HNW) with quantum dots (QDs) adsorbed onto a Ag nanowire (NW) and obtained two-photon fluorescence (TPF) maps of the intensity and decay rate. The spatial distributions of the intensity and decay rate strongly depend on the Fabry-Pérot (FP) cavity modes of the SPPs, the LSP mode launched by the incident laser and the excitation energy of the QDs. A double exponential decay process was observed, which is attributed to different decay channels through the LSP and cavity modes. The experimental results are explained using numerical simulations. This work shows that many physical parameters, such as the polarization of the incident beam and the geometry of the Ag NW, can modulate the fluorescence properties of the QDs, which has potential applications in many important fields.
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7
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de Torres J, Ferrand P, Colas des Francs G, Wenger J. Coupling Emitters and Silver Nanowires to Achieve Long-Range Plasmon-Mediated Fluorescence Energy Transfer. ACS NANO 2016; 10:3968-3976. [PMID: 27019008 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b00287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The development of quantum plasmonic circuitry requires efficient coupling between quantum emitters and plasmonic waveguides. A major experimental challenge is to simultaneously maximize the surface plasmon propagation length, the coupling efficiency into the plasmonic mode, and the Purcell factor. Addressing this challenge is also the key to enabling long-range energy transfer between quantum nanoemitters. Here, we use a dual-beam scanning confocal microscope to carefully investigate the interactions between fluorescent nanoparticles and surface plasmons on single-crystalline silver nanowires. By exciting the fluorescent nanoparticles via nanowire surface plasmons, we maximize the light-matter interactions and reach coupling efficiencies up to 44% together with 24× lifetime reduction and 4.1 μm propagation lengths. This improved optical performance enables the demonstration of long-range plasmon-mediated fluorescence energy transfer between two nanoparticles separated by micrometer distance. Our results provide guidelines toward practical realizations of efficient long-range fluorescence energy transfer for integrated plasmonics and quantum nano-optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan de Torres
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel , UMR 7249, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Patrick Ferrand
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel , UMR 7249, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Gérard Colas des Francs
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, CNRS, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB) , UMR 6303, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - Jérôme Wenger
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel , UMR 7249, 13013 Marseille, France
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8
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Cazier N, Buret M, Uskov AV, Markey L, Arocas J, Colas Des Francs G, Bouhelier A. Electrical excitation of waveguided surface plasmons by a light-emitting tunneling optical gap antenna. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:3873-3884. [PMID: 26907040 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.003873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a new type of electroplasmonic interfacing component to electrically generate surface plasmons. Specifically, an electron-fed optical tunneling gap antenna is integrated on a plasmonic waveguiding platform. When electrical charges are injected in the tunneling barrier of the gap antenna, a broad-band radiation is emitted from the feed area by a process identified as a thermal emission of hot electrons. Part of the emitted photons couples to surface plasmon modes sustained by the waveguide geometry. The transducing optical antenna is thus acting as a localized electrical source of surface plasmon polaritons. The integration of electrically-activated optical antennas into a plasmonic architecture mitigates the need for complex coupling scheme and proposes a solution for realizing nanoscale units at the interface between nano-electronics and photonics.
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9
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Li Q, Wei H, Xu H. Quantum Yield of Single Surface Plasmons Generated by a Quantum Dot Coupled with a Silver Nanowire. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:8181-8187. [PMID: 26583200 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b03654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The interactions between surface plasmons (SPs) in metal nanostructures and excitons in quantum emitters (QEs) lead to many interesting phenomena and potential applications that are strongly dependent on the quantum yield of SPs. The difficulty in distinguishing all the possible exciton recombination channels hinders the experimental determination of SP quantum yield. Here, we experimentally measured for the first time the quantum yield of single SPs generated by the exciton-plasmon coupling in a system composed of a single quantum dot and a silver nanowire (NW). By utilizing the SP guiding property of the NW, the decay rates of all the exciton recombination channels, i.e., direct free space radiation channel, SP generation channel, and nonradiative damping channel, are quantitatively obtained. It is determined that the optimum emitter-NW coupling distance for the largest SP quantum yield is about 10 nm, resulting from the different distance-dependent decay rates of the three channels. These results are important for manipulating the coupling between plasmonic nanostructures and QEs and developing on-chip quantum plasmonic devices for potential nanophotonic and quantum information applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hong Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, School of Physics and Technology, and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
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10
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Castro-Lopez M, Manjavacas A, García de Abajo J, van Hulst NF. Propagation and localization of quantum dot emission along a gap-plasmonic transmission line. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:29296-29320. [PMID: 26698415 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.029296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic transmission lines have great potential to serve as direct interconnects between nanoscale light spots. The guiding of gap plasmons in the slot between adjacent nanowire pairs provides improved propagation of surface plasmon polaritons while keeping strong light confinement. Yet propagation is fundamentally limited by losses in the metal. Here we show a workaround operation of the gap-plasmon transmission line, exploiting both gap and external modes present in the structure. Interference between these modes allows us to take advantage of the larger propagation distance of the external mode while preserving the high confinement of the gap mode, resulting in nanoscale confinement of the optical field over a longer distance. The performance of the gap-plasmon transmission line is probed experimentally by recording the propagation of quantum dots luminescence over distances of more than 4 μm. We observe a 35% increase in the effective propagation length of this multimode system compared to the theoretical limit for a pure gap mode. The applicability of this simple method to nanofabricated structures is theoretically confirmed and offers a realistic way to combine longer propagation distances with lateral plasmon confinement for far field nanoscale interconnects.
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11
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Bermúdez-Ureña E, Gonzalez-Ballestero C, Geiselmann M, Marty R, Radko IP, Holmgaard T, Alaverdyan Y, Moreno E, García-Vidal FJ, Bozhevolnyi SI, Quidant R. Coupling of individual quantum emitters to channel plasmons. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7883. [PMID: 26249363 PMCID: PMC4918332 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient light-matter interaction lies at the heart of many emerging technologies that seek on-chip integration of solid-state photonic systems. Plasmonic waveguides, which guide the radiation in the form of strongly confined surface plasmon-polariton modes, represent a promising solution to manipulate single photons in coplanar architectures with unprecedented small footprints. Here we demonstrate coupling of the emission from a single quantum emitter to the channel plasmon polaritons supported by a V-groove plasmonic waveguide. Extensive theoretical simulations enable us to determine the position and orientation of the quantum emitter for optimum coupling. Concomitantly with these predictions, we demonstrate experimentally that 42% of a single nitrogen-vacancy centre emission efficiently couples into the supported modes of the V-groove. This work paves the way towards practical realization of efficient and long distance transfer of energy for integrated solid-state quantum systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Bermúdez-Ureña
- ICFO–Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Carlos Gonzalez-Ballestero
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Michael Geiselmann
- ICFO–Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Renaud Marty
- ICFO–Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Ilya P. Radko
- Department of Technology and Innovation, University of Southern Denmark, Niels Bohr Allé 1, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Tobias Holmgaard
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, Aalborg University, Skjernvej 4A, DK-9220 Aalborg Øst, Denmark
| | - Yury Alaverdyan
- The Nanoscience Centre, University of Cambridge, 11 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0FF, UK
| | - Esteban Moreno
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J. García-Vidal
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), E-20018 Donostia/San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Sergey I. Bozhevolnyi
- Department of Technology and Innovation, University of Southern Denmark, Niels Bohr Allé 1, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Romain Quidant
- ICFO–Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
- ICREA—Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Kim J, Song JH, Jeong KY, Ee HS, Seo MK. Full three-dimensional power flow analysis of single-emitter-plasmonic-nanoantenna system. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:11080-91. [PMID: 25969204 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.011080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
We present a full three-dimensional (3D) power flow analysis of an emitter-nanoantenna system. A conventional analysis, based on the total Poynting vector, calculates only the coupling strength in terms of the Purcell enhancement. For a better understanding of the emitter-nanoantenna system, not only the Purcell enhancement but also complete information on the energy transfer channels is necessary. The separation of the pure scattering and emitter output Poynting vectors enables the quantification of the individual energy transfer channels. Employing the finite-difference time-domain method (FDTD), we examine a nanodisk antenna that supports the bright dipole and dark quadrupole resonance modes for which the power flow characteristics are completely distinct, and we analyze the power flow enhancements to the energy transfer channels with respect to the wavelength, polarization, and position of the emitter coupled to the antenna. The 3D power flow analysis reveals how the constructive or destructive interference between the emitter and the antenna resonance mode affects the power flow enhancements and the far-field radiation pattern. Our proposed power flow analysis should play a critical role in characterizing the emitter-antenna system and customizing its energy transfer properties for desired applications.
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13
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Piatkowski D, Hartmann N, Macabelli T, Nyk M, Mackowski S, Hartschuh A. Silver nanowires as receiving-radiating nanoantennas in plasmon-enhanced up-conversion processes. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:1479-1484. [PMID: 25504356 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr05209a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate efficient coupling between plasmons in a single silver nanowire and nanocrystals doped with rare earth ions, α-NaYF4:Er(3+)/Yb(3+). Plasmonic interaction results in a sevenfold increase of the up-converted emission of nanocrystals located in the vicinity of the nanowires as well as much faster luminescence decays. The enhancement of the emission can be precisely controlled by the polarization of the excitation laser and is significantly stronger for polarization parallel to the nanowire antennas. Imaging of angular-resolved emission patterns in the Fourier plane reveals plasmon-mediated luminescence, where the up-converted radiation is emitted via the nanowire antennas as leakage radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Piatkowski
- Department Chemie and CeNS, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 München, Germany.
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14
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Lemke C, Leissner T, Evlyukhin A, Radke JW, Klick A, Fiutowski J, Kjelstrup-Hansen J, Rubahn HG, Chichkov BN, Reinhardt C, Bauer M. The interplay between localized and propagating plasmonic excitations tracked in space and time. NANO LETTERS 2014; 14:2431-2435. [PMID: 24702430 DOI: 10.1021/nl500106z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the mutual coupling and coherent interaction of propagating and localized surface plasmons within a model-type plasmonic assembly is experimentally demonstrated, imaged, and analyzed. Using interferometric time-resolved photoemission electron microscopy the interplay between ultrashort surface plasmon polariton wave packets and plasmonic nanoantennas is monitored on subfemtosecond time scales. The data reveal real-time insights into dispersion and localization of electromagnetic fields as governed by the elementary modes determining the functionality of plasmonic operation units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Lemke
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , Leibnizstraße 19, D-24118 Kiel, Germany
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15
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Zhou Y, Allen B, Reed JM, Zou S. Numerical Study of Mode Excitation in a Partially Illuminated Silver Rod. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:8971-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jp501996f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, 4104
Libra Drive, Orlando, Florida 32816-2366, United States
| | - Brian Allen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, 4104
Libra Drive, Orlando, Florida 32816-2366, United States
| | - Jennifer M. Reed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, 4104
Libra Drive, Orlando, Florida 32816-2366, United States
| | - Shengli Zou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, 4104
Libra Drive, Orlando, Florida 32816-2366, United States
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16
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Shi L, Hakala TK, Rekola HT, Martikainen JP, Moerland RJ, Törmä P. Spatial coherence properties of organic molecules coupled to plasmonic surface lattice resonances in the weak and strong coupling regimes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:153002. [PMID: 24785036 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.153002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We study spatial coherence properties of a system composed of periodic silver nanoparticle arrays covered with a fluorescent organic molecule (DiD) film. The evolution of spatial coherence of this composite structure from the weak to the strong coupling regime is investigated by systematically varying the coupling strength between the localized DiD excitons and the collective, delocalized modes of the nanoparticle array known as surface lattice resonances. A gradual evolution of coherence from the weak to the strong coupling regime is observed, with the strong coupling features clearly visible in interference fringes. A high degree of spatial coherence is demonstrated in the strong coupling regime, even when the mode is very excitonlike (80%), in contrast to the purely localized nature of molecular excitons. We show that coherence appears in proportion to the weight of the plasmonic component of the mode throughout the weak-to-strong coupling crossover, providing evidence for the hybrid nature of the normal modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Shi
- COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - T K Hakala
- COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - H T Rekola
- COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - J-P Martikainen
- COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - R J Moerland
- COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland and Department of Imaging Physics, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, NL-2628 CJ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - P Törmä
- COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
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17
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Geiselmann M, Marty R, Renger J, García de Abajo FJ, Quidant R. Deterministic optical-near-field-assisted positioning of nitrogen-vacancy centers. NANO LETTERS 2014; 14:1520-1525. [PMID: 24571659 DOI: 10.1021/nl4047587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanopositioning of single quantum emitters to control their coupling to integrated photonic structures is a crucial step in the fabrication of solid-state quantum optics devices. We use the optical near-field enhancement produced by nanofabricated gold antennas subject to near-infrared illumination to deterministically trap and position single nanodiamonds (NDs) hosting nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers. The positioning of the NDs at the antenna regions of maximum field intensity is first characterized using both fluorescence and electron microscopy imaging. We further study the interaction between the nanoantenna and the delivered NV center by analyzing its change in fluorescence lifetime, which is driven by the increase in the local density of optical states at the trapping positions. Additionally, the plasmonic enhancement of the near-field intensity allows us to optically control the NV excited lifetime using relatively low NIR illumination intensities, some 20 times lower than in the absence of the antennas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Geiselmann
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques , Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
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Hartmann N, Piatkowski D, Ciesielski R, Mackowski S, Hartschuh A. Radiation channels close to a plasmonic nanowire visualized by back focal plane imaging. ACS NANO 2013; 7:10257-62. [PMID: 24131299 PMCID: PMC3925822 DOI: 10.1021/nn404611q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the angular radiation patterns, a key characteristic of an emitting system, from individual silver nanowires decorated with rare earth ion-doped nanocrystals. Back focal plane radiation patterns of the nanocrystal photoluminescence after local two-photon excitation can be described by two emission channels: excitation of propagating surface plasmons in the nanowire followed by leakage radiation and direct dipolar emission observed also in the absence of the nanowire. Theoretical modeling reproduces the observed radiation patterns which strongly depend on the position of excitation along the nanowire. Our analysis allows us to estimate the branching ratio into both emission channels and to determine the diameter-dependent surface plasmon quasi-momentum, important parameters of emitter-plasmon structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolai Hartmann
- Department Chemie and CeNS, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Dawid Piatkowski
- Department Chemie and CeNS, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 München, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Grudziądzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Richard Ciesielski
- Department Chemie and CeNS, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Sebastian Mackowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Grudziądzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Achim Hartschuh
- Department Chemie and CeNS, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 München, Germany
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