1
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Ghasemlou M, Pn N, Alexander K, Zavabeti A, Sherrell PC, Ivanova EP, Adhikari B, Naebe M, Bhargava SK. Fluorescent Nanocarbons: From Synthesis and Structure to Cancer Imaging and Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2312474. [PMID: 38252677 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Nanocarbons are emerging at the forefront of nanoscience, with diverse carbon nanoforms emerging over the past two decades. Early cancer diagnosis and therapy, driven by advanced chemistry techniques, play a pivotal role in mitigating mortality rates associated with cancer. Nanocarbons, with an attractive combination of well-defined architectures, biocompatibility, and nanoscale dimension, offer an incredibly versatile platform for cancer imaging and therapy. This paper aims to review the underlying principles regarding the controllable synthesis, fluorescence origins, cellular toxicity, and surface functionalization routes of several classes of nanocarbons: carbon nanodots, nanodiamonds, carbon nanoonions, and carbon nanohorns. This review also highlights recent breakthroughs regarding the green synthesis of different nanocarbons from renewable sources. It also presents a comprehensive and unified overview of the latest cancer-related applications of nanocarbons and how they can be designed to interface with biological systems and work as cancer diagnostics and therapeutic tools. The commercial status for large-scale manufacturing of nanocarbons is also presented. Finally, it proposes future research opportunities aimed at engendering modifiable and high-performance nanocarbons for emerging applications across medical industries. This work is envisioned as a cornerstone to guide interdisciplinary teams in crafting fluorescent nanocarbons with tailored attributes that can revolutionize cancer diagnostics and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Ghasemlou
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Center for Sustainable Products, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Navya Pn
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Katia Alexander
- School of Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Ali Zavabeti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Peter C Sherrell
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Elena P Ivanova
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Benu Adhikari
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Minoo Naebe
- Carbon Nexus, Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Suresh K Bhargava
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
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2
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General Method to Increase Carboxylic Acid Content on Nanodiamonds. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030736. [PMID: 35164002 PMCID: PMC8838522 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Carboxylic acid is a commonly utilized functional group for covalent surface conjugation of carbon nanoparticles that is typically generated by acid oxidation. However, acid oxidation generates additional oxygen containing groups, including epoxides, ketones, aldehydes, lactones, and alcohols. We present a method to specifically enrich the carboxylic acid content on fluorescent nanodiamond (FND) surfaces. Lithium aluminum hydride is used to reduce oxygen containing surface groups to alcohols. The alcohols are then converted to carboxylic acids through a rhodium (II) acetate catalyzed carbene insertion reaction with tert–butyl diazoacetate and subsequent ester cleavage with trifluoroacetic acid. This carboxylic acid enrichment process significantly enhanced nanodiamond homogeneity and improved the efficiency of functionalizing the FND surface. Biotin functionalized fluorescent nanodiamonds were demonstrated to be robust and stable single-molecule fluorescence and optical trapping probes.
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3
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Bilal M, Cheng H, González-González RB, Parra-Saldívar R, Iqbal HM. Bio-applications and biotechnological applications of nanodiamonds. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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4
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Kondo T. Conductive Boron-doped Diamond Powder/Nanoparticles for Electrochemical Applications. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kondo
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
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5
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Sutisna B, Janssens SD, Giussani A, Vázquez-Cortés D, Fried E. Block copolymer-nanodiamond coassembly in solution: towards multifunctional hybrid materials. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:1639-1651. [PMID: 33399605 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07441a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polymer-nanodiamond composites are excellent candidates for the fabrication of multifunctional hybrid materials. They integrate polymer flexibility and exceptional properties of nanodiamonds (NDs), such as biocompatibility, mechanical strength, color centers, and chemically-tailored surfaces. However, their development is hindered by the challenge of ensuring that NDs are homogeneously distributed in the composites. Here, we exploit colloidal coassembly between poly(isoprene-b-styrene-b-2-vinyl pyridine) (ISV) block copolymers (BCPs) and NDs to avoid ND self-agglomeration and direct ND spatial distribution. NDs were first air oxidized at 450 °C to obtain stable dispersions in dimethylacetamide (DMAc). By adding ISV into the dispersions, patchy hybrid micelles were formed due to H-bonds between NDs and ISV. The ISV-ND coassembly in DMAc was then used to fabricate nanocomposite films with a uniform sub-50 nm ND distribution, which has never been previously reported for an ND loading (φND) of more than 50 wt%. The films exhibit good transparency due to their well-defined nanostructures and smoothness and also exhibit an improved UV-absorption and hydrophilicity compared to neat ISV. More intriguingly, at a φND of 22 wt%, ISV and NDs coassemble into a network-like superstructure with well-aligned ND strings via a dialysis method. Transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering measurements suggest a complex interplay between polymer-polymer, polymer-solvent, polymer-ND, ND-solvent, and ND-ND interactions during the formation of structures. Our work may provide an important foundation for the development of hierarchically ordered nanocomposites based on BCP-ND coassembly, which is beneficial for a wide spectrum of applications from biotechnology to quantum devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burhannudin Sutisna
- Mathematics, Mechanics, and Materials Unit (MMMU), Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan.
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6
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Miyashita K, Kondo T, Sugai S, Tei T, Nishikawa M, Tojo T, Yuasa M. Boron-doped Nanodiamond as an Electrode Material for Aqueous Electric Double-layer Capacitors. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17846. [PMID: 31780797 PMCID: PMC6882838 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54197-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, a conductive boron-doped nanodiamond (BDND) particle is prepared as an electrode material for an aqueous electric double-layer capacitor with high power and energy densities. The BDND is obtained by depositing a boron-doped diamond (BDD) on a nanodiamond particle substrate with a primary particle size of 4.7 nm via microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition, followed by heat treatment in air. The BDND comprises BDD and sp2 carbon components, and exhibits a conductivity above 10−2 S cm−1 and a specific surface area of 650 m2 g−1. Cyclic voltammetry measurements recorded in 1 M H2SO4 at a BDND electrode in a two-electrode system shows a capacitance of 15.1 F g−1 and a wide potential window (cell voltage) of 1.8 V, which is much larger than that obtained at an activated carbon electrode, i.e., 0.8 V. Furthermore, the cell voltage of the BDND electrode reaches 2.8 V when using saturated NaClO4 as electrolyte. The energy and power densities per unit weight of the BDND for charging–discharging in 1 M H2SO4 at the BDND electrode cell are 10 Wh kg−1 and 104 W kg−1, respectively, and the energy and power densities per unit volume of the BDND layer are 3–4 mWh cm−3 and 10 W cm−3, respectively. Therefore, the BDND is a promising candidate for the development of a compact aqueous EDLC device with high energy and power densities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenjo Miyashita
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kondo
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.
| | - Seiya Sugai
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tei
- Daicel Corporation, 1239 Shinzaike, Aboshi-ku, Himeji, Hyogo, 671-1283, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nishikawa
- Daicel Corporation, 1239 Shinzaike, Aboshi-ku, Himeji, Hyogo, 671-1283, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Tojo
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Makoto Yuasa
- Daicel Corporation, 1239 Shinzaike, Aboshi-ku, Himeji, Hyogo, 671-1283, Japan
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7
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Production, surface modification and biomedical applications of nanodiamonds: A sparkling tool for theranostics. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 97:913-931. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.12.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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8
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Yang N, Yu S, Macpherson JV, Einaga Y, Zhao H, Zhao G, Swain GM, Jiang X. Conductive diamond: synthesis, properties, and electrochemical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:157-204. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00757d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes systematically the growth, properties, and electrochemical applications of conductive diamond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianjun Yang
- Institute of Materials Engineering
- University of Siegen
- Siegen 57076
- Germany
| | - Siyu Yu
- Institute of Materials Engineering
- University of Siegen
- Siegen 57076
- Germany
| | | | - Yasuaki Einaga
- Department of Chemistry
- Keio University
- Yokohama 223-8522
- Japan
| | - Hongying Zhao
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Tongji University
- Shanghai 200092
- China
| | - Guohua Zhao
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Tongji University
- Shanghai 200092
- China
| | | | - Xin Jiang
- Institute of Materials Engineering
- University of Siegen
- Siegen 57076
- Germany
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9
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Gold-Decorated Nanodiamonds: Powerful Multifunctional Materials for Sensing, Imaging, Diagnostics, and Therapy. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201800793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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10
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Ginés L, Mandal S, Morgan DJ, Lewis R, Davies PR, Borri P, Morley GW, Williams OA. Production of Metal-Free Diamond Nanoparticles. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:16099-16104. [PMID: 31458247 PMCID: PMC6643864 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the controlled production of high-quality metal-free diamond nanoparticles is demonstrated. Milling with tempered steel is shown to leave behind iron oxide contamination which is difficult to remove. Milling with SiN alleviates this issue but generates more nondiamond carbon. Thus, the choice of milling materials is critically determined by the acceptable contaminants in the ultimate application. The removal of metal impurities, present in all commercially available nanoparticles, will open new possibilities toward the production of customized diamond nanoparticles, covering the most demanding quantum applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Ginés
- School
of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, The Parade, Cardiff CF24
3AA, U.K.
| | - Soumen Mandal
- School
of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, The Parade, Cardiff CF24
3AA, U.K.
| | - David John Morgan
- Cardiff
Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Pl, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K.
| | - Ryan Lewis
- School
of Biosciences, Cardiff University, The Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum
Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3AX, U.K.
| | - Philip R. Davies
- Cardiff
Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Pl, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K.
| | - Paola Borri
- School
of Biosciences, Cardiff University, The Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum
Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3AX, U.K.
| | - Gavin W. Morley
- Department
of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
| | - Oliver A. Williams
- School
of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, The Parade, Cardiff CF24
3AA, U.K.
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11
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Bang JYR, Ting C, Wang P, Kim T, Wang KK, Kee T, Miya D, Ho D, Lee DK. Synthesis and Characterization of Nanodiamond–Growth Factor Complexes Toward Applications in Oral Implantation and Regenerative Medicine. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2018; 44:207-211. [DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-17-00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Ye Rin Bang
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Caleb Ting
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Peter Wang
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Ted Kim
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Kenneth Kezhi Wang
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Theodore Kee
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Darron Miya
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Dean Ho
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Dong-Keun Lee
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif
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12
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Nanodiamonds for device applications: An investigation of the properties of boron-doped detonation nanodiamonds. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3270. [PMID: 29459783 PMCID: PMC5818659 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21670-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The inclusion of boron within nanodiamonds to create semiconducting properties would create a new class of applications in the field of nanodiamond electronics. Theoretical studies have differed in their conclusions as to whether nm-scale NDs would support a stable substitutional boron state, or whether such a state would be unstable, with boron instead aggregating or attaching to edge structures. In the present study detonation-derived NDs with purposefully added boron during the detonation process have been studied with a wide range of experimental techniques. The DNDs are of ~4 nm in size, and have been studied with CL, PL, Raman and IR spectroscopies, AFM and HR-TEM and electrically measured with impedance spectroscopy; it is apparent that the B-DNDs studied here do indeed support substitutional boron species and hence will be acting as semiconducting diamond nanoparticles. Evidence for moderate doping levels in some particles (~1017 B cm−3), is found alongside the observation that some particles are heavily doped (~1020 B cm−3) and likely to be quasi-metallic in character. The current study has therefore shown that substitutional boron doping in nm NDs is in fact possible, opening-up the path to a whole host of new applications for this interesting class of nano-particles.
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13
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Bray K, Cheung L, Hossain KR, Aharonovich I, Valenzuela SM, Shimoni O. Versatile multicolor nanodiamond probes for intracellular imaging and targeted labeling. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:3078-3084. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00508g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We report on the first demonstration of FNDs containing either silicon or nitrogen vacancy color centers for multi-color bio-imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerem Bray
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD)
- Faculty of Science
- University of Technology Sydney
- Ultimo
- Australia
| | - Leonard Cheung
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD)
- Faculty of Science
- University of Technology Sydney
- Ultimo
- Australia
| | | | - Igor Aharonovich
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD)
- Faculty of Science
- University of Technology Sydney
- Ultimo
- Australia
| | - Stella M. Valenzuela
- School of Life Sciences
- Faculty of Science
- University of Technology Sydney
- Ultimo
- Australia
| | - Olga Shimoni
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD)
- Faculty of Science
- University of Technology Sydney
- Ultimo
- Australia
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14
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High-yield fabrication and properties of 1.4 nm nanodiamonds with narrow size distribution. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38419. [PMID: 27910924 PMCID: PMC5133551 DOI: 10.1038/srep38419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Detonation nanodiamonds (DNDs) with a typical size of 5 nm have attracted broad interest in science and technology. Further size reduction of DNDs would bring these nanoparticles to the molecular-size level and open new prospects for research and applications in various fields, ranging from quantum physics to biomedicine. Here we show a controllable size reduction of the DND mean size down to 1.4 nm without significant particle loss and with additional disintegration of DND core agglutinates by air annealing, leading to a significantly narrowed size distribution (±0.7 nm). This process is scalable to large quantities. Such molecular-sized DNDs keep their diamond structure and characteristic DND features as shown by Raman spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, STEM and EELS. The size of 1 nm is identified as a limit, below which the DNDs become amorphous.
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15
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Ekimov EA, Kondrin MV. Vacancy-impurity centers in diamond: perspectives of synthesis and applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3367/ufnr.2016.11.037959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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16
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Moore L, Yang J, Lan TTH, Osawa E, Lee DK, Johnson WD, Xi J, Chow EKH, Ho D. Biocompatibility Assessment of Detonation Nanodiamond in Non-Human Primates and Rats Using Histological, Hematologic, and Urine Analysis. ACS NANO 2016; 10:7385-400. [PMID: 27439019 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b00839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Detonation nanodiamonds (DNDs) have been widely explored for biomedical applications ranging from cancer therapy to magnetic resonance imaging due to several promising properties. These include faceted surfaces that mediate potent drug binding and water coordination that have resulted in marked enhancements to the efficacy and safety of drug delivery and imaging. In addition, scalable processing of DNDs yields uniform particles. Furthermore, a broad spectrum of biocompatibility studies has shown that DNDs appear to be well-tolerated. Prior to the clinical translation of DNDs for indications that are addressed via intravenous administration, comprehensive assessment of DND safety in both small and large animal preclinical models is needed. This article reports the results of a DND biocompatibility study in both non-human primates and rats. The rat study was performed as a multiple dose subacute investigation in two cohorts that lasted for 2 weeks and included histological, serum, and urine analysis. The non-human primate study was performed as a dual gender, multiple dose, and long-term investigation in both standard/clinically relevant and elevated dosing cohorts that lasted for 6 months and included comprehensive serum, urine, histological, and body weight analysis. The results from these studies indicate that NDs are well-tolerated at clinically relevant doses. Examination of dose-dependent changes in biomarker levels provides important guidance for the downstream in-human validation of DNDs for clinical drug delivery and imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Moore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Junyu Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Peking University , Beijing, China 100871
| | - Thanh T Ha Lan
- Alverno Clinical Laboratories , Hammond, Indiana 46324, United States
| | - Eiji Osawa
- NanoCarbon Research Institute, Asama Research Extension Centre, Shinshu University , Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | | | - William D Johnson
- Life Sciences Group, IIT Research Institute , Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Jianzhong Xi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Peking University , Beijing, China 100871
| | - Edward Kai-Hua Chow
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore 117599
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore 117600
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17
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Bray K, Sandstrom R, Elbadawi C, Fischer M, Schreck M, Shimoni O, Lobo C, Toth M, Aharonovich I. Localization of Narrowband Single Photon Emitters in Nanodiamonds. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:7590-7594. [PMID: 26937848 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Diamond nanocrystals that host room temperature narrowband single photon emitters are highly sought after for applications in nanophotonics and bioimaging. However, current understanding of the origin of these emitters is extremely limited. In this work, we demonstrate that the narrowband emitters are point defects localized at extended morphological defects in individual nanodiamonds. In particular, we show that nanocrystals with defects such as twin boundaries and secondary nucleation sites exhibit narrowband emission that is absent from pristine individual nanocrystals grown under the same conditions. Critically, we prove that the narrowband emission lines vanish when extended defects are removed deterministically using highly localized electron beam induced etching. Our results enhance the current understanding of single photon emitters in diamond and are directly relevant to fabrication of novel quantum optics devices and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerem Bray
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney , Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Russell Sandstrom
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney , Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Christopher Elbadawi
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney , Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Martin Fischer
- Universität Augsburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentalphysik IV, Universitätsstrasse 1 (Gebäude Nord) , 86135 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Schreck
- Universität Augsburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentalphysik IV, Universitätsstrasse 1 (Gebäude Nord) , 86135 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Olga Shimoni
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney , Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Charlene Lobo
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney , Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Milos Toth
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney , Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Igor Aharonovich
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney , Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
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18
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Turner S, Idrissi H, Sartori AF, Korneychuck S, Lu YG, Verbeeck J, Schreck M, Van Tendeloo G. Direct imaging of boron segregation at dislocations in B:diamond heteroepitaxial films. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:2212-2218. [PMID: 26734853 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr07535a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A thin film of heavily B-doped diamond has been grown epitaxially by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition on an undoped diamond layer, on top of a Ir/YSZ/Si(001) substrate stack, to study the boron segregation and boron environment at the dislocations present in the film. The density and nature of the dislocations were investigated by conventional and weak-beam dark-field transmission electron microscopy techniques, revealing the presence of two types of dislocations: edge and mixed-type 45° dislocations. The presence and distribution of B in the sample was studied using annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy and spatially resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy. Using these techniques, a segregation of B at the dislocations in the film is evidenced, which is shown to be intermittent along the dislocation. A single edge-type dislocation was selected to study the distribution of the boron surrounding the dislocation core. By imaging this defect at atomic resolution, the boron is revealed to segregate towards the tensile strain field surrounding the edge-type dislocations. An investigation of the fine structure of the B-K edge at the dislocation core shows that the boron is partially substitutionally incorporated into the diamond lattice and partially present in a lower coordination (sp(2)-like hybridization).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Turner
- EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - H Idrissi
- EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. and Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Sainte Barbe 2, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - A F Sartori
- Universität Augsburg, Institut für Physik, D-86135 Augsburg, Germany
| | - S Korneychuck
- EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Y-G Lu
- EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. and Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Science, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - J Verbeeck
- EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - M Schreck
- Universität Augsburg, Institut für Physik, D-86135 Augsburg, Germany
| | - G Van Tendeloo
- EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
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19
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Stehlik S, Varga M, Ledinsky M, Jirasek V, Artemenko A, Kozak H, Ondic L, Skakalova V, Argentero G, Pennycook T, Meyer J, Fejfar A, Kromka A, Rezek B. Size and Purity Control of HPHT Nanodiamonds down to 1 nm. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2015; 119:27708-27720. [PMID: 26691647 PMCID: PMC4677353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b05259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
High-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) nanodiamonds originate from grinding of diamond microcrystals obtained by HPHT synthesis. Here we report on a simple two-step approach to obtain as small as 1.1 nm HPHT nanodiamonds of excellent purity and crystallinity, which are among the smallest artificially prepared nanodiamonds ever shown and characterized. Moreover we provide experimental evidence of diamond stability down to 1 nm. Controlled annealing at 450 °C in air leads to efficient purification from the nondiamond carbon (shells and dots), as evidenced by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and scanning transmission electron microscopy. Annealing at 500 °C promotes, besides of purification, also size reduction of nanodiamonds down to ∼1 nm. Comparably short (1 h) centrifugation of the nanodiamonds aqueous colloidal solution ensures separation of the sub-10 nm fraction. Calculations show that an asymmetry of Raman diamond peak of sub-10 nm HPHT nanodiamonds can be well explained by modified phonon confinement model when the actual particle size distribution is taken into account. In contrast, larger Raman peak asymmetry commonly observed in Raman spectra of detonation nanodiamonds is mainly attributed to defects rather than to the phonon confinement. Thus, the obtained characteristics reflect high material quality including nanoscale effects in sub-10 nm HPHT nanodiamonds prepared by the presented method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stepan Stehlik
- Institute
of Physics ASCR, Cukrovarnická
10, 162 00 Prague
6, Czech Republic
- E-mail:
| | - Marian Varga
- Institute
of Physics ASCR, Cukrovarnická
10, 162 00 Prague
6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Ledinsky
- Institute
of Physics ASCR, Cukrovarnická
10, 162 00 Prague
6, Czech Republic
| | - Vit Jirasek
- Institute
of Physics ASCR, Cukrovarnická
10, 162 00 Prague
6, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Artemenko
- Institute
of Physics ASCR, Cukrovarnická
10, 162 00 Prague
6, Czech Republic
| | - Halyna Kozak
- Institute
of Physics ASCR, Cukrovarnická
10, 162 00 Prague
6, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Ondic
- Institute
of Physics ASCR, Cukrovarnická
10, 162 00 Prague
6, Czech Republic
| | - Viera Skakalova
- Physics of Nanostructured
Materials, Faculty of Physics, University
of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse
5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- SUT Center for Nanodiagnostics, Vazovova 5, 812 43 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Giacomo Argentero
- Physics of Nanostructured
Materials, Faculty of Physics, University
of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse
5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Timothy Pennycook
- Physics of Nanostructured
Materials, Faculty of Physics, University
of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse
5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jannik
C. Meyer
- Physics of Nanostructured
Materials, Faculty of Physics, University
of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse
5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Antonin Fejfar
- Institute
of Physics ASCR, Cukrovarnická
10, 162 00 Prague
6, Czech Republic
| | - Alexander Kromka
- Institute
of Physics ASCR, Cukrovarnická
10, 162 00 Prague
6, Czech Republic
| | - Bohuslav Rezek
- Institute
of Physics ASCR, Cukrovarnická
10, 162 00 Prague
6, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech
Technical University in Prague, Technická 2, 16627 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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20
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Lee DK, Kim SV, Limansubroto AN, Yen A, Soundia A, Wang CY, Shi W, Hong C, Tetradis S, Kim Y, Park NH, Kang MK, Ho D. Nanodiamond-Gutta Percha Composite Biomaterials for Root Canal Therapy. ACS NANO 2015; 9:11490-501. [PMID: 26452304 PMCID: PMC4660386 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b05718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Root canal therapy (RCT) represents a standard of treatment that addresses infected pulp tissue in teeth and protects against future infection. RCT involves removing dental pulp comprising blood vessels and nerve tissue, decontaminating residually infected tissue through biomechanical instrumentation, and root canal obturation using a filler material to replace the space that was previously composed of dental pulp. Gutta percha (GP) is typically used as the filler material, as it is malleable, inert, and biocompatible. While filling the root canal space with GP is the standard of care for endodontic therapies, it has exhibited limitations including leakage, root canal reinfection, and poor mechanical properties. To address these challenges, clinicians have explored the use of alternative root filling materials other than GP. Among the classes of materials that are being explored as novel endodontic therapy platforms, nanodiamonds (NDs) may offer unique advantages due to their favorable properties, particularly for dental applications. These include versatile faceted surface chemistry, biocompatibility, and their role in improving mechanical properties, among others. This study developed a ND-embedded GP (NDGP) that was functionalized with amoxicillin, a broad-spectrum antibiotic commonly used for endodontic infection. Comprehensive materials characterization confirmed improved mechanical properties of NDGP over unmodified GP. In addition, digital radiography and microcomputed tomography imaging demonstrated that obturation of root canals with NDGP could be achieved using clinically relevant techniques. Furthermore, bacterial growth inhibition assays confirmed drug functionality of NDGP functionalized with amoxicillin. This study demonstrates a promising path toward NDGP implementation in future endodontic therapy for improved treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Keun Lee
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences-Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Division of Growth & Development-Section of Orthodontics, Laboratory of Stem Cell & Cancer Epigenetic Research, Center for Oral and Head/Neck Oncology Research Center, Division of Oral Biology & Medicine, Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences-Section of Endodontics, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, and Laboratory Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Sue Vin Kim
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences-Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Division of Growth & Development-Section of Orthodontics, Laboratory of Stem Cell & Cancer Epigenetic Research, Center for Oral and Head/Neck Oncology Research Center, Division of Oral Biology & Medicine, Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences-Section of Endodontics, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, and Laboratory Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Adelheid Nerisa Limansubroto
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences-Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Division of Growth & Development-Section of Orthodontics, Laboratory of Stem Cell & Cancer Epigenetic Research, Center for Oral and Head/Neck Oncology Research Center, Division of Oral Biology & Medicine, Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences-Section of Endodontics, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, and Laboratory Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Albert Yen
- Department of Bioengineering, UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Akrivoula Soundia
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences-Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Division of Growth & Development-Section of Orthodontics, Laboratory of Stem Cell & Cancer Epigenetic Research, Center for Oral and Head/Neck Oncology Research Center, Division of Oral Biology & Medicine, Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences-Section of Endodontics, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, and Laboratory Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Cun-Yu Wang
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences-Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Division of Growth & Development-Section of Orthodontics, Laboratory of Stem Cell & Cancer Epigenetic Research, Center for Oral and Head/Neck Oncology Research Center, Division of Oral Biology & Medicine, Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences-Section of Endodontics, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, and Laboratory Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and California NanoSystems Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Wenyuan Shi
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences-Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Division of Growth & Development-Section of Orthodontics, Laboratory of Stem Cell & Cancer Epigenetic Research, Center for Oral and Head/Neck Oncology Research Center, Division of Oral Biology & Medicine, Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences-Section of Endodontics, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, and Laboratory Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and California NanoSystems Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Christine Hong
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences-Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Division of Growth & Development-Section of Orthodontics, Laboratory of Stem Cell & Cancer Epigenetic Research, Center for Oral and Head/Neck Oncology Research Center, Division of Oral Biology & Medicine, Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences-Section of Endodontics, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, and Laboratory Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Sotirios Tetradis
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences-Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Division of Growth & Development-Section of Orthodontics, Laboratory of Stem Cell & Cancer Epigenetic Research, Center for Oral and Head/Neck Oncology Research Center, Division of Oral Biology & Medicine, Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences-Section of Endodontics, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, and Laboratory Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Yong Kim
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences-Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Division of Growth & Development-Section of Orthodontics, Laboratory of Stem Cell & Cancer Epigenetic Research, Center for Oral and Head/Neck Oncology Research Center, Division of Oral Biology & Medicine, Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences-Section of Endodontics, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, and Laboratory Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and California NanoSystems Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- UCLA Broad Stem Cell Research Center, Box 957357, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - No-Hee Park
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences-Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Division of Growth & Development-Section of Orthodontics, Laboratory of Stem Cell & Cancer Epigenetic Research, Center for Oral and Head/Neck Oncology Research Center, Division of Oral Biology & Medicine, Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences-Section of Endodontics, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, and Laboratory Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and California NanoSystems Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Mo K. Kang
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences-Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Division of Growth & Development-Section of Orthodontics, Laboratory of Stem Cell & Cancer Epigenetic Research, Center for Oral and Head/Neck Oncology Research Center, Division of Oral Biology & Medicine, Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences-Section of Endodontics, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, and Laboratory Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and California NanoSystems Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Dean Ho
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences-Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Division of Growth & Development-Section of Orthodontics, Laboratory of Stem Cell & Cancer Epigenetic Research, Center for Oral and Head/Neck Oncology Research Center, Division of Oral Biology & Medicine, Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences-Section of Endodontics, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, and Laboratory Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and California NanoSystems Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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21
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Ekimov EA, Kudryavtsev OS, Khomich AA, Lebedev OI, Dolenko TA, Vlasov II. High-Pressure Synthesis of Boron-Doped Ultrasmall Diamonds from an Organic Compound. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:5518-5522. [PMID: 26283646 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201502672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The first application of the high-pressure-high-temperature (HPHT) technique for direct production of doped ultrasmall diamonds starting from a one-component organic precursor is reported. Heavily boron-doped diamond nanoparticles with a size below 10 nm are produced by HPHT treatment of 9-borabicyclo [3,3,1]nonane dimer molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrey A Khomich
- General Physics Institute, RAS, Vavilov Str. 38, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Oleg I Lebedev
- Laboratoire CRISMAT, UMR 6508 CNRS-ENSICAEN, 6 Boulevard Marechal Juin, 14050, Caen, France
| | - Tatiana A Dolenko
- Physics Department, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Igor I Vlasov
- General Physics Institute, RAS, Vavilov Str. 38, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe Road 31, Moscow, 115409, Russia
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22
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Science and engineering of nanodiamond particle surfaces for biological applications (Review). Biointerphases 2015; 10:030802. [PMID: 26245200 DOI: 10.1116/1.4927679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diamond has outstanding bulk properties such as super hardness, chemical inertness, biocompatibility, luminescence, to name just a few. In the nanoworld, in order to exploit these outstanding bulk properties, the surfaces of nanodiamond (ND) particles must be accordingly engineered for specific applications. Modification of functional groups on the ND's surface and the corresponding electrostatic properties determine their colloidal stability in solvents, formation of photonic crystals, controlled adsorption and release of cargo molecules, conjugation with biomolecules and polymers, and cellular uptake. The optical activity of the luminescent color centers in NDs depends on their proximity to the ND's surface and surface termination. In order to engineer the ND surface, a fundamental understanding of the specific structural features and sp(3)-sp(2) phase transformations on the surface of ND particles is required. In the case of ND particles produced by detonation of carbon containing explosives (detonation ND), it should also be taken into account that its structure depends on the synthesis parameters and subsequent processing. Thus, for development of a strategy of surface modification of detonation ND, it is imperative to know details of its production. In this review, the authors discuss ND particles structure, strategies for surface modification, electrokinetic properties of NDs in suspensions, and conclude with a brief overview of the relevant bioapplications.
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23
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Ho D, Wang CHK, Chow EKH. Nanodiamonds: The intersection of nanotechnology, drug development, and personalized medicine. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2015; 1:e1500439. [PMID: 26601235 PMCID: PMC4643796 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The implementation of nanomedicine in cellular, preclinical, and clinical studies has led to exciting advances ranging from fundamental to translational, particularly in the field of cancer. Many of the current barriers in cancer treatment are being successfully addressed using nanotechnology-modified compounds. These barriers include drug resistance leading to suboptimal intratumoral retention, poor circulation times resulting in decreased efficacy, and off-target toxicity, among others. The first clinical nanomedicine advances to overcome these issues were based on monotherapy, where small-molecule and nucleic acid delivery demonstrated substantial improvements over unmodified drug administration. Recent preclinical studies have shown that combination nanotherapies, composed of either multiple classes of nanomaterials or a single nanoplatform functionalized with several therapeutic agents, can image and treat tumors with improved efficacy over single-compound delivery. Among the many promising nanomaterials that are being developed, nanodiamonds have received increasing attention because of the unique chemical-mechanical properties on their faceted surfaces. More recently, nanodiamond-based drug delivery has been included in the rational and systematic design of optimal therapeutic combinations using an implicitly de-risked drug development platform technology, termed Phenotypic Personalized Medicine-Drug Development (PPM-DD). The application of PPM-DD to rapidly identify globally optimized drug combinations successfully addressed a pervasive challenge confronting all aspects of drug development, both nano and non-nano. This review will examine various nanomaterials and the use of PPM-DD to optimize the efficacy and safety of current and future cancer treatment. How this platform can accelerate combinatorial nanomedicine and the broader pharmaceutical industry toward unprecedented clinical impact will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean Ho
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, UCLA School of Engineering and Applied Science, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Corresponding author. E-mail: (D. H.); (E. K.-H. C.)
| | | | - Edward Kai-Hua Chow
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 177599, Singapore
- National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore 119082, Singapore
- Corresponding author. E-mail: (D. H.); (E. K.-H. C.)
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24
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Kondo T, Okada N, Yamaguchi Y, Urai J, Aikawa T, Yuasa M. Boron-doped Nanodiamond Powder Prepared by Solid-state Diffusion Method. CHEM LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.150050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kondo
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
- JST ACT-C
| | - Narumi Okada
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Yuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Junichi Urai
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Tatsuo Aikawa
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Makoto Yuasa
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
- JST ACT-C
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25
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Abstract
The advent of cancer nanomedicine has forged new pathways for the enhanced imaging and treatment of a broad range of cancers using new classes of materials. Among the many platforms being developed for drug delivery and imaging, nanodiamonds (NDs) possess several important attributes that may be beneficial toward improving the efficacy and safety of cancer nanomedicine applications. These include the uniquely faceted surfaces of the ND particles that result in electrostatic properties that mediate enhanced interactions with water and loaded therapeutic compounds, scalable processing and synthesis parameters, versatility as platform carriers, and a spectrum of other characteristics. In addition, comprehensive in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that NDs are well tolerated. This chapter will examine several recent studies that have harnessed the ND agent as a foundation for both systemic and localized drug delivery, as well as the marked improvements in magnetic resonance imaging efficiency that has been observed following ND-contrast agent conjugation. In addition, insight into the important steps toward bringing the ND translational pathway to the clinic will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean Ho
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Room B3-068A, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA,
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