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Structural Diversity and Biological Activities of Diterpenoids Derived from Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040935. [PMID: 29669996 PMCID: PMC6017929 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diterpenoids are the focus of natural product drug discovery because of their great structural diversity and pronounced biological activities. Euphorbia fischeriana Steud is a Chinese traditional medicinal herb for curing edema, ascites, and cancer. This plant contains rich diterpenoids. Based on the carbon skeleton and substituents, it can be classified into thirteen subtypes: ent-abietane, daphnane, tigliane, ingenane, ent-atisane, ent-rosane, ent-kaurene, ent-kaurane, secotigliane, lathyrane, ent-pimarene, isopimarene and dimeric. In this paper, we reviewed the chemical structures and biological activities of 90 diterpenoids isolated from this medicinal herb. We hope that this work can serve as a reference for further research of these diterpenoids and lay the foundation for drug discovery.
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Nowak S, Lisiecki P, Tomaszczak-Nowak A, Grudzińska E, Olszewska MA, Kicel A. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils from flowers and leaves of Grindelia integrifolia DC. Nat Prod Res 2018; 33:1535-1540. [PMID: 29322829 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1423302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Essential oils from flowers and leaves of Grindelia integrifolia DC. were investigated for the first time in terms of chemical composition and antimicrobial activity. The GC-FID/MS analysis allowed for the identification of 58 and 72 volatiles, comprising 92.4 and 90.1% of the oils, respectively. The major components of the flower oil were α-pinene (34.9%) and limonene (13.1%), while myrcene (16.9%), spathulenol (12.3%), β-eudesmol (11.9%) and limonene (10.1%) dominated among the leaf volatiles. The antimicrobial activity, evaluated against 12 selected bacteria and fungus, was found moderate, with the strongest effect of both oils observed against C. albicans (MIC = MBC: 0.63 and 0.31 mg/mL for flower and leaf oil, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sławomira Nowak
- a Department of Pharmacognosy , Medical University of Lodz , Lodz , Poland
| | - Paweł Lisiecki
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Microbiological Diagnostics , Medical University of Lodz , Lodz , Poland
| | | | - Ewa Grudzińska
- a Department of Pharmacognosy , Medical University of Lodz , Lodz , Poland
| | | | - Agnieszka Kicel
- a Department of Pharmacognosy , Medical University of Lodz , Lodz , Poland
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Alza NP, Murray AP, Salvador GA. Cativic acid-caffeic acid hybrid exerts cytotoxic effects and induces apoptotic death in human neuroblastoma cells. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2017; 390:1229-1238. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-017-1421-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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de los A. Mesurado M, Arias Cassará ML, Misico R, Bardón A, Ybarra MI, Cartagena E. A New Depigmenting-Antifungal Methylated Grindelane from Grindelia chiloensis. Chem Biodivers 2017; 14. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201600426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María de los A. Mesurado
- Instituto de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; Ayacucho, 471 4000 Tucumán Argentina
| | - María L. Arias Cassará
- Instituto de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; Ayacucho, 471 4000 Tucumán Argentina
| | - Rosana Misico
- Departamento de Química Orgánica and UMYMFOR (CONICET-UBA); Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Universidad de Buenos Aires; C1428EGA Ciudad de Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Alicia Bardón
- Instituto de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; Ayacucho, 471 4000 Tucumán Argentina
| | - María I. Ybarra
- Instituto de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; Ayacucho, 471 4000 Tucumán Argentina
| | - Elena Cartagena
- Instituto de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; Ayacucho, 471 4000 Tucumán Argentina
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Huang Z, Zhu ZX, Li YT, Pang DR, Zheng J, Zhang Q, Zhao YF, Ferreira D, Zjawiony JK, Tu PF, Li J. Anti-inflammatory Labdane Diterpenoids from Leonurus macranthus. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:2276-2285. [PMID: 26348503 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Twenty new polyoxygenated labdane diterpenoids (1-20) were isolated from the aerial parts of Leonurus macranthus. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic and spectrometric data (1D and 2D NMR, IR, and HRESIMS). The absolute configurations of macranthin A (1) and 6-O-deacetylmacranthin A (2) were determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis and a modified Mosher's method, respectively. Compounds 1-9, 12, 14, and 19 showed inhibition of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated BV-2 microglial cells with IC50 values of 10.0-63.7 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Huang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing 100102, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Zhu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue-Ting Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing 100102, People's Republic of China
| | - Dao-Ran Pang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing 100102, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Zheng
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Fang Zhao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Daneel Ferreira
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi , University, Mississippi 38677-1848, United States
| | - Jordan K Zjawiony
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi , University, Mississippi 38677-1848, United States
| | - Peng-Fei Tu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
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Zerbe P, Rodriguez SM, Mafu S, Chiang A, Sandhu HK, O'Neil-Johnson M, Starks CM, Bohlmann J. Exploring diterpene metabolism in non-model species: transcriptome-enabled discovery and functional characterization of labda-7,13E-dienyl diphosphate synthase from Grindelia robusta. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 83:783-93. [PMID: 26119826 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Grindelia robusta or gumweed, is a medicinal herb of the sunflower family that forms a diverse suite of diterpenoid natural products. Its major constituents, grindelic acid and related grindelane diterpenoids accumulate in a resinous exudate covering the plants' surfaces, most prominently the unopened composite flower. Recent studies demonstrated potential pharmaceutical applications for grindelic acid and its synthetic derivatives. Mining of the previously published transcriptome of G. robusta flower tissue identified two additional diterpene synthases (diTPSs). We report the in vitro and in vivo functional characterization of an ent-kaurene synthase of general metabolism (GrTPS4) and a class II diTPS (GrTPS2) of specialized metabolism that converts geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) into labda-7,13E-dienyl diphosphate as verified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. Tissue-specific transcript abundance of GrTPS2 in leaves and flowers accompanied by the presence of an endocyclic 7,13 double bond in labda-7,13E-dienyl diphosphate suggest that GrTPS2 catalyzes the first committed reaction in the biosynthesis of grindelic acid and related grindelane metabolites. With the formation of labda-7,13E-dienyl diphosphate, GrTPS2 adds an additional function to the portfolio of monofunctional class II diTPSs, which catalytically most closely resembles the bifunctional labda-7,13E-dien-15-ol synthase of the lycopod Selaginella moellendorffii. Together with a recently identified functional diTPS pair of G. robusta producing manoyl oxide, GrTPS2 lays the biosynthetic foundation of the diverse array of labdane-related diterpenoids in the genus Grindelia. Knowledge of these natural diterpenoid metabolic pathways paves the way for developing biotechnology approaches toward producing grindelic acid and related bioproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Zerbe
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California-Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Selina M Rodriguez
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California-Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Sibongile Mafu
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California-Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Angela Chiang
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Harpreet K Sandhu
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Mark O'Neil-Johnson
- Sequoia Sciences, 1912 Innerbelt Business Center Drive, Saint Louis, MO, 63114, USA
| | - Courtney M Starks
- Sequoia Sciences, 1912 Innerbelt Business Center Drive, Saint Louis, MO, 63114, USA
| | - Jörg Bohlmann
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Alza NP, Richmond V, Baier CJ, Freire E, Baggio R, Murray AP. Synthesis and cholinesterase inhibition of cativic acid derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:3838-49. [PMID: 25017625 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with memory impairment and cognitive deficit. Most of the drugs currently available for the treatment of AD are acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors. In a preliminary study, significant AChE inhibition was observed for the ethanolic extract of Grindelia ventanensis (IC₅₀=0.79 mg/mL). This result prompted us to isolate the active constituent, a normal labdane diterpenoid identified as 17-hydroxycativic acid (1), through a bioassay guided fractionation. Taking into account that 1 showed moderate inhibition of AChE (IC₅₀=21.1 μM), selectivity over butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) (IC₅₀=171.1 μM) and that it was easily obtained from the plant extract in a very good yield (0.15% w/w), we decided to prepare semisynthetic derivatives of this natural diterpenoid through simple structural modifications. A set of twenty new cativic acid derivatives (3-6) was prepared from 1 through transformations on the carboxylic group at C-15, introducing a C2-C6 linker and a tertiary amine group. They were tested for their inhibitory activity against AChE and BChE and some structure-activity relationships were outlined. The most active derivative was compound 3c, with an IC₅₀ value of 3.2 μM for AChE. Enzyme kinetic studies and docking modeling revealed that this inhibitor targeted both the catalytic active site and the peripheral anionic site of this enzyme. Furthermore, 3c showed significant inhibition of AChE activity in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells, and was non-cytotoxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia P Alza
- INQUISUR-CONICET, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Av. Alem 1253, B8000CPB Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Victoria Richmond
- UMYMFOR (CONICET-UBA) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos J Baier
- INIBIBB-CONICET, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga km. 7, B8000FWB Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Eleonora Freire
- Gerencia de Investigación y Aplicaciones, Centro Atómico Constituyentes, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Av. Gral. Paz 1499, 1650 San Martin, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional General San Martín, Martín de Irigoyen 3100, 1650 San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ricardo Baggio
- Gerencia de Investigación y Aplicaciones, Centro Atómico Constituyentes, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Av. Gral. Paz 1499, 1650 San Martin, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana Paula Murray
- INQUISUR-CONICET, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Av. Alem 1253, B8000CPB Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
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Alza NP, Pferschy-Wenzig EM, Ortmann S, Kretschmer N, Kunert O, Rechberger GN, Bauer R, Murray AP. Inhibition of NO Production byGrindelia argentinaand Isolation of Three New Cytotoxic Saponins. Chem Biodivers 2014; 11:311-22. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201300193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Hu HB, Fan J. A New Diterpenoid and other Constituents fromAcanthopanax BrachypusHarms. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200900171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Frija LMT, Frade RFM, Afonso CAM. Isolation, chemical, and biotransformation routes of labdane-type diterpenes. Chem Rev 2011; 111:4418-52. [PMID: 21618966 DOI: 10.1021/cr100258k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luís M T Frija
- CQFM - Centro de Química-Física Molecular and IN - Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Departamento de Engenharia Química e Biológica Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
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Du B, Zhong X, Liao X, Xu W, Zhou X, Xu S. A new antitumor arabinopyranoside from Laurencia majuscula induces G2/M cell cycle arrest. Phytother Res 2011; 24:1447-50. [PMID: 20878692 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A new arabinopyranoside was isolated from the alga Laurencia majuscula (Harvey) Lucas, collected from the Xisha Islands in the South China Sea. Its structure was elucidated as hexadecyl-1-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside by spectroscopic analysis. It was found that arabinopyranoside had significant antitumor activity in LOVO and Bel-7402 cell lines. Flow cytometric analysis showed that arabinopyranoside arrested the cell cycle in the G2/M phase. Western blotting demonstrated that the protein expression of CDK1 and cyclin A related to the G2/M phase decreased markedly with arabinopyranoside treatment, with slight changes in cyclin B1 expression. Taken together, the findings identify a potential new antitumor therapeutic arabinopyranoside isolated from red alga Laurencia majuscula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Du
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Chapter 5.3 Five-membered ring systems: Furans and benzofurans. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-6380(02)80009-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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