1
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Benvenuti M, Zotti M, La Maestra S. A guide to mycetisms: A toxicological and preventive overview. Med Mycol 2024; 62:myae033. [PMID: 38569657 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myae033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Fungi are often considered a delicacy and are primarily cultivated and harvested, although numerous species are responsible for intoxication due to toxin content. Foodborne diseases are a significant public health concern, causing approximately 420 000 deaths and 600 million morbidities yearly, of which mushroom poisoning is one of the leading causes. Epidemiological data on non-cultivated mushroom poisoning in individual countries are often unrepresentative, as intoxication rarely requires emergency intervention. On the other hand, the lack of specialist knowledge among medical personnel about the toxicological manifestations of mushroom consumption may result in ineffective therapeutic interventions. This work aims to provide an easy-to-consult and wide-ranging tool useful for better understanding the variability of mushroom intoxications, the associated symptoms, and the main treatments for the most severe cases, given the absence of a complete species mapping tool toxic. Moreover, we establish an effective collection network that describes the incidence of mushroom poisonings by reporting the species and associated toxicological manifestations for each case. In conclusion, we highlight the need to establish appropriate primary prevention interventions, such as training the affected population and increasing consultancy relationships between mycological experts and specialised healthcare personnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Benvenuti
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Via A. Pastore 1, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Mirca Zotti
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, C.so Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Sebastiano La Maestra
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Via A. Pastore 1, 16132 Genova, Italy
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2
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Munir R, Zahoor AF, Javed S, Parveen B, Mansha A, Irfan A, Khan SG, Irfan A, Kotwica-Mojzych K, Mojzych M. Simmons-Smith Cyclopropanation: A Multifaceted Synthetic Protocol toward the Synthesis of Natural Products and Drugs: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:5651. [PMID: 37570621 PMCID: PMC10420228 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Simmons-Smith cyclopropanation is a widely used reaction in organic synthesis for stereospecific conversion of alkenes into cyclopropane. The utility of this reaction can be realized by the fact that the cyclopropane motif is a privileged synthetic intermediate and a core structural unit of many biologically active natural compounds such as terpenoids, alkaloids, nucleosides, amino acids, fatty acids, polyketides and drugs. The modified form of Simmons-Smith cyclopropanation involves the employment of Et2Zn and CH2I2 (Furukawa reagent) toward the total synthesis of a variety of structurally complex natural products that possess broad range of biological activities including anticancer, antimicrobial and antiviral activities. This review aims to provide an intriguing glimpse of the Furukawa-modified Simmons-Smith cyclopropanation, within the year range of 2005 to 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramsha Munir
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (R.M.); (B.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.K.); (A.I.)
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (R.M.); (B.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.K.); (A.I.)
| | - Sadia Javed
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Bushra Parveen
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (R.M.); (B.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.K.); (A.I.)
| | - Asim Mansha
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (R.M.); (B.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.K.); (A.I.)
| | - Ahmad Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Samreen Gul Khan
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (R.M.); (B.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.K.); (A.I.)
| | - Ali Irfan
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (R.M.); (B.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.K.); (A.I.)
| | - Katarzyna Kotwica-Mojzych
- Laboratory of Experimental Cytology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Mariusz Mojzych
- Department of Chemistry, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 3-go Maja 54, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
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3
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Chaverra-Muñoz L, Briem T, Hüttel S. Optimization of the production process for the anticancer lead compound illudin M: improving titers in shake-flasks. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:98. [PMID: 35643529 PMCID: PMC9148526 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01827-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fungal sesquiterpenes Illudin M and S are important base molecules for the development of new anticancer agents due to their strong activity against some resistant tumor cell lines. Due to nonspecific toxicity of the natural compounds, improvement of the pharmacophore is required. A semisynthetic derivative of illudin S (Irofulven) entered phase II clinical trials for the treatment of castration-resistant metastatic prostate cancer. Several semisynthetic illudin M derivatives showed increased in vitro selectivity and improved therapeutic index against certain tumor cell lines, encouraging further investigation. This requires a sustainable supply of the natural compound, which is produced by Basidiomycota of the genus Omphalotus. We aimed to develop a robust biotechnological process to deliver illudin M in quantities sufficient to support medicinal chemistry studies and future preclinical and clinical development. In this study, we report the initial steps towards this goal. RESULTS After establishing analytical workflows, different culture media and commercially available Omphalotus strains were screened for the production of illudin M.Omphalotus nidiformis cultivated in a medium containing corn steep solids reached ~ 38 mg L-1 setting the starting point for optimization. Improved seed preparation in combination with a simplified medium (glucose 13.5 g L-1; corn steep solids 7.0 g L- 1; Dox broth modified 35 mL), reduced cultivation time and enhanced titers significantly (~ 400 mg L-1). Based on a reproducible cultivation method, a feeding strategy was developed considering potential biosynthetic bottlenecks. Acetate and glucose were fed at 96 h (8.0 g L-1) and 120 h (6.0 g L-1) respectively, which resulted in final illudin M titer of ~ 940 mg L-1 after eight days. This is a 25 fold increase compared to the initial titer. CONCLUSION After strict standardization of seed-preparation and cultivation parameters, a combination of experimental design, empirical trials and additional supply of limiting biosynthetic precursors, led to a highly reproducible process in shake flasks with high titers of illudin M. These findings are the base for further work towards a scalable biotechnological process for a stable illudin M supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillibeth Chaverra-Muñoz
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Theresa Briem
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Stephan Hüttel
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Brunswick, Germany
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4
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Kanehara R, Tonouchi A, Konno K, Hashimoto M. Cyclohumulanoid Sesquiterpenes from the Culture Broth of the Basidiomycetous Fungus Daedaleopsis tricolor. Molecules 2021; 26:4364. [PMID: 34299640 PMCID: PMC8303491 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of cyclohumulanoids, i.e., tricocerapicanols A-C (1a-1c), tricoprotoilludenes A (2a) and B (3), tricosterpurol (4), and tricoilludins A-C (5-7) were isolated along with known violascensol (2b) and omphadiol (8) from the culture broth of Daedaleopsis tricolor, an inedible but not toxic mushroom. The structures were fully elucidated on the basis of NMR spectroscopic analysis, and the suggested relative structures were confirmed via density functional theory (DFT)-based chemical shift calculations involving a DP4 probability analysis. In the present study, the 1H chemical shifts were more informative than the 13C chemical shifts to distinguish the diastereomers at C-11. The absolute configurations of 1-5 were determined by comparing the experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. For 6 and 7, the same chirality was assigned according to their biosynthetic similarities with the other compounds. The successful assignment of some Cotton effects was achieved by utilizing DFT calculations using simple model compounds. The plausible biosynthesis of 1-7 was also discussed on the basis of the structural commonality and general cyclohumulanoid biosynthesis. Compounds 2a and 5 were found to simultaneously induce hyphal swelling and branching at 5.0 μg/mL against a test fungus Cochliobolus miyabeanus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuhi Kanehara
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, 3-Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan; (R.K.); (A.T.)
| | - Akio Tonouchi
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, 3-Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan; (R.K.); (A.T.)
| | - Katsuhiro Konno
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan;
| | - Masaru Hashimoto
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, 3-Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan; (R.K.); (A.T.)
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5
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Aoki S, Aboshi T, Shiono Y, Kimura KI, Murata T, Arai D, Iizuka Y, Murayama T. Constituents of the Fruiting Body of Poisonous Mushroom Omphalotus japonicus. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2020; 68:436-442. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c19-01009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoki Aoki
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Iwate University
| | - Takako Aboshi
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Iwate University
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University
| | - Yoshihito Shiono
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Iwate University
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University
| | - Ken-ichi Kimura
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Iwate University
| | - Toshihiro Murata
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University
| | - Daisuke Arai
- Field Science Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University
| | - Yoshiaki Iizuka
- Field Science Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University
| | - Tetsuya Murayama
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Iwate University
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University
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6
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Kühlborn J, Groß J, Opatz T. Making natural products from renewable feedstocks: back to the roots? Nat Prod Rep 2020; 37:380-424. [DOI: 10.1039/c9np00040b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights the utilization of biomass-derived building blocks in the total synthesis of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Kühlborn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Johannes Gutenberg University
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Jonathan Groß
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Johannes Gutenberg University
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Till Opatz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Johannes Gutenberg University
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
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7
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8
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Brill ZG, Condakes ML, Ting CP, Maimone TJ. Navigating the Chiral Pool in the Total Synthesis of Complex Terpene Natural Products. Chem Rev 2017; 117:11753-11795. [PMID: 28293944 PMCID: PMC5638449 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The pool of abundant chiral terpene building blocks (i.e., "chiral pool terpenes") has long served as a starting point for the chemical synthesis of complex natural products, including many terpenes themselves. As inexpensive and versatile starting materials, such compounds continue to influence modern synthetic chemistry. This review highlights 21st century terpene total syntheses which themselves use small, terpene-derived materials as building blocks. An outlook to the future of research in this area is highlighted as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary G. Brill
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Matthew L. Condakes
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Chi P. Ting
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Thomas J. Maimone
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Ebner
- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Erick M. Carreira
- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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10
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Highly diastereoselective synthesis of tertiary alcohols via intramolecular Baylis-Hillman reaction using less reactive acrylamides as activated alkenes and ketones as electrophiles. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.12.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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11
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Making Use of Genomic Information to Explore the Biotechnological Potential of Medicinal Mushrooms. MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS OF THE WORLD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-5978-0_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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12
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Secondary Metabolites from Higher Fungi. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 106 2017; 106:1-201. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-59542-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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13
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Abstract
The synthesis of (+)-omphadiol and (+)-pyxidatol C was achieved through two independent strategies. For the synthesis of (+)-omphadiol, dicyclopentadienone was used as the workbench on which the three contiguous stereocenters of the cyclopentane could be introduced selectively. These include a tertiary alcohol and a selective protonation of an enolate. A ring-closing metathesis and a cyclopropanation concluded the synthesis. For the synthesis of pyxidatol C, we used the epoxide derived from (R)-linalool that was transformed to cyclopentane 23. After chain extension, another ring-closing metathesis followed by oxidation state changes and finally a cyclopropanation led to (+)-pyxidatol C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gowrisankar Parthasarathy
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Centre for Biomolecular Drug Research, Leibniz Universität Hannover , Schneiderberg 1B, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ulrike Eggert
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Centre for Biomolecular Drug Research, Leibniz Universität Hannover , Schneiderberg 1B, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Markus Kalesse
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Centre for Biomolecular Drug Research, Leibniz Universität Hannover , Schneiderberg 1B, 30167 Hannover, Germany
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14
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Zhou L, Yao Y, Xu W, Liang G. Total Syntheses of (±)-Omphadiol and (±)-Pyxidatol C through a Cis-Fused 5,7-Carbocyclic Common Intermediate. J Org Chem 2014; 79:5345-50. [DOI: 10.1021/jo5006125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhou
- State Key Laboratory and
Institute of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yanmin Yao
- State Key Laboratory and
Institute of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Wenbo Xu
- State Key Laboratory and
Institute of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Guangxin Liang
- State Key Laboratory and
Institute of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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15
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Wawrzyn GT, Quin MB, Choudhary S, López-Gallego F, Schmidt-Dannert C. Draft genome of Omphalotus olearius provides a predictive framework for sesquiterpenoid natural product biosynthesis in Basidiomycota. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 19:772-83. [PMID: 22726691 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2012.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Revised: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The secondary metabolome of Basidiomycota represents a largely uncharacterized source of pharmaceutically relevant natural products. Terpenoids are the primary class of bioactive compounds isolated from mushrooms. The Jack O'Lantern mushroom Omphalotus olearius was identified 50 years ago as a prolific producer of anticancer illudin sesquiterpenoids; however, to date there have been exceptionally few studies into the biosynthesis of these important compounds. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of O. olearius, which reveals a diverse network of sesquiterpene synthases and two metabolic gene clusters associated with illudin biosynthesis. Characterization of the sesquiterpene synthases enabled a comprehensive survey of all currently available Basidiomycota genomes, thereby creating a predictive resource for terpenoid natural product biosynthesis in these organisms. Our results will facilitate discovery and biosynthetic production of unique pharmaceutically relevant bioactive compounds from Basidiomycota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grayson T Wawrzyn
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
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16
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Schmidt-Dannert C. Biosynthesis of terpenoid natural products in fungi. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 148:19-61. [PMID: 25414054 DOI: 10.1007/10_2014_283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Tens of thousands of terpenoid natural products have been isolated from plants and microbial sources. Higher fungi (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota) are known to produce an array of well-known terpenoid natural products, including mycotoxins, antibiotics, antitumor compounds, and phytohormones. Except for a few well-studied fungal biosynthetic pathways, the majority of genes and biosynthetic pathways responsible for the biosynthesis of a small number of these secondary metabolites have only been discovered and characterized in the past 5-10 years. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge on fungal terpenoid biosynthesis from biochemical, genetic, and genomic viewpoints. Enzymes involved in synthesizing, transferring, and cyclizing the prenyl chains that form the hydrocarbon scaffolds of fungal terpenoid natural products are systematically discussed. Genomic information and functional evidence suggest differences between the terpenome of the two major fungal phyla--the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota--which will be illustrated for each group of terpenoid natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Schmidt-Dannert
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minneapolis, MN, 55108, USA,
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17
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Liu LY, Li ZH, Dong ZJ, Li XY, Su J, Li Y, Liu JK. Two novel fomannosane-type sesquiterpenoids from the culture of the basidiomycete Agrocybe salicacola. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2012; 2:130-132. [PMCID: PMC4131595 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-012-0031-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Two novel fomannosane-type sesquiterpenoids, agrocybins H (1) and I (2), together with a known compound illudosin (3), were isolated from the culture broth of the mushroom Agrocybe salicacola. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis. The relative stereochemistry of 1 was determined by the use of single crystal X-ray crystallographic diffraction. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Zheng-Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Ze-Jun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Xing-Yao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Jia Su
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Ji-Kai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 China
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18
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Liu G, Romo D. Total synthesis of (+)-omphadiol. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:7537-40. [PMID: 21761524 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201102289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P. O. Box 30012, College Station, TX 77842, USA
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19
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20
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Structure elucidation of some highly unusual tricyclic cis-caryophyllane sesquiterpenes from Marasmiellus troyanus. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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21
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Zheng YB, Lu CH, Zheng ZH, Lin XJ, Su WJ, Shen YM. New Sesquiterpenes from Edible FungusClavicorona pyxidata. Helv Chim Acta 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200890235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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22
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Chen L, Shi M, Li C. Cu(I)-Catalyzed Intramolecular C−C Coupling of Activated Methylene Compounds with Vinyl Halides: Efficient Synthesis of Functionalized Alkylidenecyclobutanes. Org Lett 2008; 10:5285-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ol802012q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Chen
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China, and Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Min Shi
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China, and Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Chaozhong Li
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China, and Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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23
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Gonzalez del Val A, Platas G, Arenal F, Orihuela JC, Garcia M, Hernández P, Royo I, De Pedro N, Silver LL, Young K, Vicente MF, Pelaez F. Novel illudins from Coprinopsis episcopalis (syn. Coprinus episcopalis), and the distribution of illudin-like compounds among filamentous fungi. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003; 107:1201-9. [PMID: 14635768 DOI: 10.1017/s0953756203008487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The illudins are a family of fungal sesquiterpenes that have been studied as anti-tumor agents, and they also have antibacterial activity. Over a four-year period, 25 304 fungal isolates (approximately 97% ascomycetes and 3% basidiomycetes), were screened for antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Illudin-like compounds with antibacterial and cytotoxic activity against tumor cell lines were observed in 10 basidiomycete strains. The isolates were recovered from different types of substrata using indirect methods and only formed sterile mycelia in pure culture. The isolates were genetically related but not identical, based on PCR-based fingerprinting techniques. DNA sequencing of the ITS1-5.8 S-ITS2 region of the strains revealed that nine had identical sequences, indicating that they were conspecific. The sequence of the remaining isolate was 96.34% similar, suggesting that it was a closely related species. The D1-D2 region of the 25 S rRNA gene of the two strain types was also sequenced. Both sequences were 99.39% similar, and Coprinopsis gonophylla (syn. Coprinus gonophyllus) was the closest match for both. Strains were grown in pure culture on a rice-based medium that allowed the development of basidiomata from one culture of the main strain type, which was identified as C. episcopalis, a close relative of C. gonophyllus. Both species (or strain types) produced different types of illudin-like compounds. Three novel illudins (I, I2 and J2) were found to be produced by the cultures identified as C. episcopalis, while only illudinic acid was produced by the other Coprinopsis sp. The taxonomical relationships of the Coprinops is species identified in this study with other illudin producers previously reported in the literature are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gonzalez del Val
- Centro de Investigación Básica, Merck Sharp & Dohme Research Laboratories, Josefa Valcárcel 38, E-28027 Madrid, Spain.
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Löfstedt J, Närhi K, Dorange I, Bäckvall JE. Palladium-catalyzed carbocyclization of allene-diene derivatives. Exploring different nucleophiles. J Org Chem 2003; 68:7243-8. [PMID: 12968872 DOI: 10.1021/jo034412c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The palladium-catalyzed carbocyclization of allene-diene derivatives leading to the stereospecific formation of various 4-substituted [4.3.0] and [5.3.0] bicyclic systems is presented. Different functionalities were introduced at the C-4 position of the bicyclic systems by using a range of external nucleophiles such as carboxylic acids, alcohols, phenols, and thiophenols. In the previous protocol acetic acid was used as solvent and also served as nucleophile. In this new methodology, reactions were run in nonnucleophlic solvents such as CH(2)Cl(2) or acetone in the presence of the appropriate nucleophile, making this new protocol a more versatile tool in organic synthesis. It is noteworthy that the Pd(II)-catalyzed cyclization of cycloheptadiene-derivative 1b gave exclusively the trans-annulated bicycle 4. Depending on the nature of the nucleophile, the regioselectivity of the reaction could be tuned to afford exclusively 4b or 4c' (Scheme 1). The mechanistic pathway is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joakim Löfstedt
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Mehta G, Sreenivas K. Synthetic studies towards the novel fomannosane sesquiterpenoid illudosin: framework construction. Tetrahedron 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(03)00473-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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McMorris TC, Kashinatham A, Lira R, Rundgren H, Gantzel PK, Kelner MJ, Dawe R. Sesquiterpenes from Omphalotus illudens. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2002; 61:395-398. [PMID: 12377232 DOI: 10.1016/s0031-9422(02)00205-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Three sesquiterpenes, illudosone hemiacetal (1a), isoomphadione (2) and illudiolone (3) were isolated from the liquid culture extract of Omphalotus illudens. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques as well as by X-ray crystallographic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor C McMorris
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0506, USA.
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