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Awada B, Chahine DA, Derbaj G, Khalek PA, Awad MK, Fayad AA. Antimicrobial Natural Products Derived from Microorganisms Inhabiting the MENA Region. Nat Prod Commun 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x231154989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective/Background Natural products (NPs) derived from microorganisms are the basis of a plethora of clinically utilized medications, namely, antimicrobial remedies. Although these secondary metabolites have been extensively explored all over the planet, they remain understudied in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Methods A literature search was conducted to first find NPs that were isolated from environmental fungi and bacteria that inhabit the soils and seawater of the MENA region. Then, purified molecules with biological activity against pathogenic bacteria, biofilms, fungi, and parasites were described in terms of structure, function, and location. Moreover, the methods that could be used to ameliorate the discovery of novel NPs from this region were investigated. Results A multitude of antimicrobial molecules from various chemical classes were found to be derived from the environmental microbes of MENA. Although many were rediscovered, some represented novel structural scaffolds for novel families of antimicrobial agents. Additionally, the geographical distribution showed a high number of these NPs were unraveled in a restricted area leaving much of MENA untapped. Furthermore, as relatively traditional and low-efficiency methods were typically used in the discovery process, advanced high-throughput techniques were suggested to enhance this practice at the regional level. Conclusion MENA represents a fairly unexploited region where antimicrobial drug discovery could be performed comprehensively through the concomitant exploration of untouched geographical locations and advanced molecular techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassel Awada
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Center for Drug Discovery, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Dany Abi Chahine
- Center for Drug Discovery, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Functional Genomics, UR EGP, Faculty of Science, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ghada Derbaj
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Center for Drug Discovery, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Pascal Abdel Khalek
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Center for Drug Discovery, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mireille Kallassy Awad
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Functional Genomics, UR EGP, Faculty of Science, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Antoine Abou Fayad
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Center for Drug Discovery, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Sema DK, Lannang AM, Zofou D, ur-Rehman M, Fung TH, Tsague Tankeu VF, Wansi JD, Sewald N, Choudhary MI. In Vitro and in Vivo Evaluation of the Antimalarial Activities of Kniphofia reflexa Hutchinson ex Codd. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221133582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In a phytochemical investigation of the rhizomes of Kniphofia reflexa, an endemic plant used to treat relapsing fevers in Kejom, northwestern Cameroon, 12 known (1-12) compounds were obtained following chromatographic methods and purification, together with 3 new derivatives (13-15) prepared by acetylation. One-dimensional and 2-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic studies together with infrared and ultraviolet spectral analyses in association with data found in the literature were used to determine the structure of the compounds. In the in vitro evaluation of compounds 1-9, 12-14, and the crude extract against Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine-sensitive (D6) and chloroquine-resistant (W2) strains, cassiamin C (1) [IC50 0.57 ± 0.54 (D6); 0.78 ± 0.08 (W2)], and crude extract [IC50 1.06 ± 0.22 (D6); 1.08 ± 0.12 (W2)] were highly active against the parasites. Kniphofiarexine (12) was inactive. However, its derivative, kniphofiarexine B (14), was moderately active. In the in vivo studies, the extract suppressed Plasmodium berghei growth, but did not clear completely the parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Kehdinga Sema
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Alain Meli Lannang
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teachers’ Training College, University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Mineral Industries, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, Cameroon
| | - Denis Zofou
- Medical Research and Applied Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Mujeeb- ur-Rehman
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Tegha Hycienth Fung
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon
| | | | - Jean Duplex Wansi
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - M. Iqbal Choudhary
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Mottaghipisheh J, Kúsz N, Hohmann J, Tsai YC, Csupor D. Isolation of secondary metabolites from the Iranian medicinal plant Eremurus persicus. Z NATURFORSCH C 2021; 76:43-47. [PMID: 32681789 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2020-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Eremurus persicus (Jaub. & Spach) Boiss. belonging to Xanthorrhoeaceae family is an endemic medicinal plant widely distributed in Iran. Its leaves have been traditionally used as a food and also as medicinal plant. Regarding the widespread application of E. persicus in Iranian folk medicine, and the insignificant investigation of its components, this study aimed at the isolation and identification of major secondary metabolites of this plant. By applying various chromatographic techniques, corchoionoside A (1), 4-amino-4-carboxychroman-2-one (2), isoorientin (3), ziganein 5-methyl ether (4), auraptene (5), and imperatorin (6) were isolated from the EtOAc and CHCl3 fractions of the crude extract. Except isoorientin (3), all the identified phytoconstituents were reported for the first time from Eremurus genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Mottaghipisheh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Norbert Kúsz
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Judit Hohmann
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Yu-Chi Tsai
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dezső Csupor
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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Prateeksha, Yusuf MA, Singh BN, Sudheer S, Kharwar RN, Siddiqui S, Abdel-Azeem AM, Fernandes Fraceto L, Dashora K, Gupta VK. Chrysophanol: A Natural Anthraquinone with Multifaceted Biotherapeutic Potential. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E68. [PMID: 30781696 PMCID: PMC6406798 DOI: 10.3390/biom9020068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chrysophanol is a unique anthraquinone having broad-spectrum therapeutic potential along with ecological importance. It is the first polyketide that has been reported to be biosynthesized in an organism-specific manner. The traditional Chinese and Korean medicinal systems provide evidence of the beneficial effects of chrysophanol on human health. The global distribution of chrysophanol encountered in two domains of life (bacteria and eukaryota) has motivated researchers to critically evaluate the properties of this compound. A plethora of literature is available on the pharmacological properties of chrysophanol, which include anticancer, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, and antimicrobial activities. However, the pharmacokinetics and toxicity studies on chrysophanol demand further investigations for it to be used as a drug. This is the first comprehensive review on the natural sources, biosynthetic pathways, and pharmacology of chrysophanol. Here we reviewed recent advancements made on the pharmacokinetics of the chrysophanol. Additionally, we have highlighted the knowledge gaps of its mechanism of action against diseases and toxicity aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prateeksha
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow-226026, Uttar Pradesh, India;
- Herbal Nanobiotechnology Lab, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow-226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohd Aslam Yusuf
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow-226016, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - Brahma N. Singh
- Herbal Nanobiotechnology Lab, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow-226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Surya Sudheer
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, ERA Chair of Green Chemistry, Tallinn University of Technology, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia;
| | - Ravindra N. Kharwar
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - Saba Siddiqui
- Integral Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology (IIAST), Integral University, Lucknow-226026, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - Ahmed M. Abdel-Azeem
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, University of Suez Canal, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Leonardo Fernandes Fraceto
- Institute of Science and Technology of Sorocaba, São Paulo State University–Unesp, Sorocaba–São Paulo 18087-180, Brazil;
| | - Kavya Dashora
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India;
| | - Vijai K. Gupta
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, ERA Chair of Green Chemistry, Tallinn University of Technology, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia;
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Jahanbin K, Abbasian A, Ahang M. Isolation, purification and structural characterization of a new water-soluble polysaccharide from Eremurus stenophyllus (boiss. & buhse) baker roots. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 178:386-393. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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(R)-(-)-Aloesaponol III 8-Methyl Ether from Eremurus persicus: A Novel Compound against Leishmaniosis. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22040519. [PMID: 28338625 PMCID: PMC6154379 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniosis is a neglected tropical disease which affects several millions of people worldwide. The current drug therapies are expensive and often lack efficacy, mainly due to the development of parasite resistance. Hence, there is an urgent need for new drugs effective against Leishmania infections. As a part of our ongoing study on the phytochemical characterization and biological investigation of plants used in the traditional medicine of western and central Asia, in the present study, we focused on Eremurus persicus root extract in order to evaluate its potential in the treatment of leishmaniosis. As a result of our study, aloesaponol III 8-methyl ether (ASME) was isolated for the first time from Eremurus persicus root extract, its chemical structure elucidated by means of IR and NMR experiments and the (R) configuration assigned by optical activity measurements: chiroptical aspects were investigated with vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectroscopies and DFT (density functional theory) quantum mechanical calculations. Concerning biological investigations, our results clearly proved that (R)-ASME inhibits Leishmania infantum promastigotes viability (IC50 73 µg/mL), inducing morphological alterations and mitochondrial potential deregulation. Moreover, it is not toxic on macrophages at the concentration tested, thus representing a promising molecule against Leishmania infections.
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Raffaella G, Daniela R, Karzan M, Davide G, Barbara M, Federica C, Maria D, Antonia A, Melissa M, Emanuela M, Simona C. Towards elucidating Eremurus root remedy: Chemical profiling and preliminary biological investigations of Eremurus persicus and Eremurus spectabilis root ethanolic extracts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.5897/jmpr2015.5873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Hussain H, Al-Harrasi A, Green IR, Abbas G, Ahmed I. Recent Advances in the Chemistry and Biology of Natural Dimeric Quinones. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63462-7.00010-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Zhong J, Huang Y, Ding W, Wu X, Wan J, Luo H. Chemical constituents of Aloe barbadensis Miller and their inhibitory effects on phosphodiesterase-4D. Fitoterapia 2013; 91:159-165. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2013.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 08/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Ghoneim MM, Ma G, El-Hela AA, Mohammad AEI, Kottob S, El-Ghaly S, Cutler SJ, Ross SA. Biologically Active Secondary Metabolites from Asphodelus Microcarpus. Nat Prod Commun 2013; 8:1934578X1300800. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1300800822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioassay guided fractionation of the ethanolic extract of Asphodelus microcarpus Salzm.et Vivi (Asphodelaceae) resulted in the isolation of one new metabolite, 1,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl-2-naphthoic acid (1) as well as nine known compounds: asphodelin (2), chrysophanol (3), 8-methoxychrysophanol (4), emodin (5), 2-acetyl-1,8-dimethoxy-3-methylnaphthalene (6), 10-(chrysophanol-7’-yl)-10-hydroxychrysophanol-9-anthrone (7), aloesaponol-III-8-methyl ether (8), ramosin (9) and aestivin (10). The compounds were identified by 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS. Compounds 3, 6 and 10 were isolated for the first time from this species. Compounds 3 and 4 showed moderate to weak antileishmanial activity with IC50 values of 14.3 and 35.1 μg/mL, respectively. Compound 4 exhibited moderate antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans with an IC50 value of 15.0 μg/mL, while compounds 5, 7 and 10 showed good to potent activity against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with IC50 values of 6.6, 9.4 μg/mL and 1.4 μg/mL respectively. Compounds 5, 8 and 9 displayed good activity against S. aureus with IC50 values of 3.2, 7.3 and 8.5 μg/mL, respectively. Compounds 7 and 9 exhibited a potent cytotoxic activity against leukemia LH60 and K562 cell lines. Compound 10 showed potent antimalarial activities against both chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum with IC50 values in the range of 0.8-0.7 μg/mL without showing any cytotoxicity to mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M. Ghoneim
- National Center for Natural Products Research School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Al-Azhar, Cairo 11371, Egypt
| | - Guoyi Ma
- National Center for Natural Products Research School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA
| | - Atef A. El-Hela
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Al-Azhar, Cairo 11371, Egypt
| | - Abd-Elsalam I. Mohammad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Al-Azhar, Cairo 11371, Egypt
| | - Saeid Kottob
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Al-Azhar, Cairo 11371, Egypt
| | - Sayed El-Ghaly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Al-Azhar, Cairo 11371, Egypt
| | - Stephen J. Cutler
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA
| | - Samir A. Ross
- National Center for Natural Products Research School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA
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Xiao H, Wang Y, Xiang Q, Xiao C, Yuan L, Liu Z, Liu X. Novel physiological properties of ethanol extracts from Eremurus chinensis Fedtsch. roots: in vitro antioxidant and anticancer activities. Food Funct 2012; 3:1310-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c2fo30152k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Hu C, Kong Q, Yang D, Pan Y. Isolation and structural characterization of a novel galactomannan from Eremurus anisopterus (Ker. et Kir) Regel roots. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Rezanka T, Dembitsky VM. The colleflaccinosides, two chiral bianthraquinone glycosides with antitumor activity from the lichen Collema flaccidum collected in Israel and Russia. Nat Prod Res 2006; 20:969-80. [PMID: 16854728 DOI: 10.1080/14786410500218674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Colleflaccinosides A and B, two chiral bianthraquinone glycosides from the two geographical varieties of lichen Collema flaccidum collected in Russia and Israel have been isolated as new natural products. Their structures were elucidated using UV, CD, IR, MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectral data, and chemical degradation. The colleflaccinosides B had significant antitumor activity in the crown gall tumor inhibition test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Rezanka
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídenská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
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Wube AA, Bucar F, Asres K, Gibbons S, Rattray L, Croft SL. Antimalarial compounds fromKniphofia foliosa roots. Phytother Res 2005; 19:472-6. [PMID: 16114082 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.1635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
During the course of screening Ethiopian medicinal plants for their antimalarial properties, it was found that the dichloromethane extract of the roots of Kniphofia foliosa Hochst. (Asphodelaceae), which have long been used in the traditional medicine of Ethiopia for the treatment of abdominal cramps and wound healing, displayed strong in vitro antiplasmodial activity against the chloroquine-sensitive 3D7 strain of Plasmodium falciparum with an ED50 value of 3.8 microg/mL and weak cytotoxic activity against KB cells with an ED50 value of 35.2 microg/mL. Five compounds were isolated from the roots and evaluated for their in vitro antimalarial activity. Among the compounds tested, 10-(chrysophanol-7'-yl)-10-(xi)-hydroxychrysopanol-9-anthrone and chryslandicin, showed a high inhibition of the growth of the malaria parasite, P. falciparum with ED50 values of 0.260 and 0.537 microg/mL, respectively, while the naphthalene derivative, 2-acetyl-1-hydroxy-8-methoxy-3-methylnaphthalene, exhibited a less significant antimalarial activity with an ED50 value of 15.4 microg/mL. To compare the effect on the parasite with toxicity to mammalian cells, the cytotoxic activities of the isolated compounds against the KB cell line were evaluated and 10-(chrysophanol-7'-yl)-10-(xi)-hydroxychrysopanol-9-anthrone and chryslandicin displayed very low toxicity with ED50 values of 104 and 90 microg/mL, respectively. This is the first report of the inhibition of the growth of P. falciparum by anthraquinone-anthrone dimers and establishes them as a new class of potential antimalarial compounds with very little host cell toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Abebe Wube
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Graz, Universitaetsplatz 4/1, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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Cichewicz RH, Lim KC, McKerrow JH, Nair MG. Kwanzoquinones A–G and other constituents of Hemerocallis fulva ‘Kwanzo’ roots and their activity against the human pathogenic trematode Schistosoma mansoni. Tetrahedron 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(02)00802-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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