1
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Yurino T, Wu Z, Suzuki K, Nitta R, Sakaguchi Y, Ohkuma T. Asymmetric Cyanation of α-Ketimino Ester Derivatives with Chiral Ru-Li Combined Catalysts. Org Lett 2024; 26:900-905. [PMID: 38251826 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c04175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Asymmetric cyanation of α-ketimino esters catalyzed by combined systems of amino acid/BINAP derivative/Ru(II) complexes and lithium compounds was examined. The use of an appropriate combination of amino acid and BINAP ligands achieved high enantioselectivity for a variety of α-alkynyl (Val/XylBINAP/Ru), α-alkenyl (Val/TolBINAP/Ru), and α-aryl imino esters (Val/XylBINAP/Ru) as well as an isatin-derived cyclic imino amide (t-Leu/BINAP/Ru) to afford the α-cyano-α-amino esters and the amide with an α-nitrogen-substituted quaternary chiral center with up to 98% ee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiga Yurino
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Frontier Chemistry Center, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Zhen Wu
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Suzuki
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Rino Nitta
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sakaguchi
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ohkuma
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Frontier Chemistry Center, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
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2
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Rodriguez JB, Szajnman SH. An updated review of chemical compounds with anti-Toxoplasma gondii activity. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 262:115885. [PMID: 37871407 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
The opportunistic apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii is the etiologic agent for toxoplasmosis, which can infect a widespread range of hosts, particularly humans and warm-blooded animals. The present chemotherapy to treat or prevent toxoplasmosis is deficient and is based on diverse drugs such as atovaquone, trimethoprim, spiramycine, which are effective in acute toxoplasmosis. Therefore, a safe chemotherapy is required for toxoplasmosis considering that its responsible agent, T. gondii, provokes severe illness and death in pregnant women and immunodeficient patients. A certain disadvantage of the available treatments is the lack of effectiveness against the tissue cyst of the parasite. A safe chemotherapy to combat toxoplasmosis should be based on the metabolic differences between the parasite and the mammalian host. This article covers different relevant molecular targets to combat this disease including the isoprenoid pathway (farnesyl diphosphate synthase, squalene synthase), dihydrofolate reductase, calcium-dependent protein kinases, histone deacetylase, mitochondrial electron transport chain, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan B Rodriguez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Unidad de Microanálisis y Métodos Físicos en Química Orgánica (UMYMFOR), C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Sergio H Szajnman
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Unidad de Microanálisis y Métodos Físicos en Química Orgánica (UMYMFOR), C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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3
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Visible-light photoredox-promoted desilylative allylation of α-silylamines: An efficient route to synthesis of homoallylic amines. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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4
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Lin CY, Chakraborty S, Wong CW, Tai DF. Controversy of Peptide Cyclization from Tripeptide. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020389. [PMID: 33451079 PMCID: PMC7828492 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present investigation reports an attempt to synthesize naturally occurring α-cyclic tripeptide cyclo(Gly-l-Pro-l-Glu) 1, [cyclo(GPE)], previously isolated from the Ruegeria strain of bacteria with marine sponge Suberites domuncula. Three linear precursors, Boc-GPE(OBn)2, Boc-PE(OBn)G and Boc-E(OBn)GP, were synthesized using a solution phase peptide coupling protocol. Although cyclo(GPE) 1 was our original target, all precursors were dimerized and cyclized at 0 °C with high dilution to form corresponding α-cyclic hexapeptide, cyclo(GPE(OBn))27, which was then converted to cyclic hexapeptide cyclo(GPE)22. Cyclization at higher temperature induced racemization and gave cyclic tripeptide cyclo(GPDE(OBn)) 9. Structure characteristics of the newly synthesized cyclopeptides were determined using 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and high-resolution mass spectrometry. The chemical shift values of carbonyls of 2 and 7 are larger than 170 ppm, indicating the formation of a cyclic hexapeptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Yin Lin
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.L.); (D.-F.T.); Tel.: +886-3-211-8800 (ext.3865) (C.-Y.L.)
| | - Subrata Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974003, Taiwan; (S.C.); (C.-W.W.)
| | - Chia-Wei Wong
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974003, Taiwan; (S.C.); (C.-W.W.)
| | - Dar-Fu Tai
- Department of Life Science, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974003, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.L.); (D.-F.T.); Tel.: +886-3-211-8800 (ext.3865) (C.-Y.L.)
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5
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Abstract
A synthetic approach towards the core of a structurally unique cytotoxic indole alkaloid eleganine A has been accomplished for the first time. The synthesis features a stereoselective Ireland-Claisen rearrangement as the key step, enabling the installation of 2 stereogenic centers and a stereodefined double bond in a single step. Furthermore, a SnCl4 promoted acylation of the indole C-2 position allows the coupling of a highly functionalized 4-ethylidene proline fragment with the indole part.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gints Smits
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga, LV-1006, Latvia.
| | - Ronalds Zemribo
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga, LV-1006, Latvia.
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6
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Bhakta U, Kattamuri PV, Siitonen JH, Alemany LB, Kürti L. Enantioselective Catalytic Allylation of Acyclic Ketiminoesters: Synthesis of α-Fully-Substituted Amino Esters. Org Lett 2019; 21:9208-9211. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Urmibhusan Bhakta
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6500 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Padmanabha V. Kattamuri
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6500 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Juha H. Siitonen
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6500 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Lawrence B. Alemany
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6500 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
- Shared Equipment Authority, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - László Kürti
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6500 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
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7
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Sun K, Tao C, Long B, Zeng X, Wu Z, Zhang R. Highly stereoselective gram scale synthesis of all the four diastereoisomers of Boc-protected 4-methylproline carboxylates. RSC Adv 2019; 9:32017-32020. [PMID: 35530808 PMCID: PMC9072942 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06827a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A general and practical synthetic process for all the four diastereoisomers of Boc-protected 4-methylproline carboxylates has been developed with essentially complete stereoselectivity on the gram scale, which represents the most diastereoselective preparation of 4-methylproline derivatives to date. This synthesis features an Evans asymmetric alkylation to elegantly establish the challenging stereochemistry of the 4-methyl group, providing valuable insights for the diastereoselective preparation of 4-substituted prolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehuan Sun
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518035 China
| | - Cheng Tao
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518035 China
- Shenzhen Institute of Geriatric Medicine Shenzhen 518035 China
| | - Bohua Long
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518035 China
- Shenzhen Institute of Geriatric Medicine Shenzhen 518035 China
| | - Xiaobin Zeng
- Central Center Lab of Longhua Branch, Department of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University Shenzhen 518120 Guangdong Province China
| | - Zhengzhi Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518035 China
- Shenzhen Institute of Geriatric Medicine Shenzhen 518035 China
| | - Ronghua Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China
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8
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Sarojini V, Cameron AJ, Varnava KG, Denny WA, Sanjayan G. Cyclic Tetrapeptides from Nature and Design: A Review of Synthetic Methodologies, Structure, and Function. Chem Rev 2019; 119:10318-10359. [PMID: 31418274 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Small cyclic peptides possess a wide range of biological properties and unique structures that make them attractive to scientists working in a range of areas from medicinal to materials chemistry. However, cyclic tetrapeptides (CTPs), which are important members of this family, are notoriously difficult to synthesize. Various synthetic methodologies have been developed that enable access to natural product CTPs and their rationally designed synthetic analogues having novel molecular structures. These methodologies include the use of reversible protecting groups such as pseudoprolines that restrict conformational freedom, ring contraction strategies, on-resin cyclization approaches, and optimization of coupling reagents and reaction conditions such as temperature and dilution factors. Several fundamental studies have documented the impacts of amino acid configurations, N-alkylation, and steric bulk on both synthetic success and ensuing conformations. Carefully executed retrosynthetic ring dissection and the unique structural features of the linear precursor sequences that result from the ring dissection are crucial for the success of the cyclization step. Other factors that influence the outcome of the cyclization step include reaction temperature, solvent, reagents used as well as dilution levels. The purpose of this review is to highlight the current state of affairs on naturally occurring and rationally designed cyclic tetrapeptides, including strategies investigated for their syntheses in the literature, the conformations adopted by these molecules, and specific examples of their function. Using selected examples from the literature, an in-depth discussion of the synthetic techniques and reaction parameters applied for the successful syntheses of 12-, 13-, and 14-membered natural product CTPs and their novel analogues are presented, with particular focus on the cyclization step. Selected examples of the three-dimensional structures of cyclic tetrapeptides studied by NMR, and X-ray crystallography are also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayalekshmi Sarojini
- School of Chemical Sciences and the Centre for Green Chemical Science , University of Auckland , Auckland 1142 , New Zealand.,The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology , Wellington 6140 , New Zealand
| | - Alan J Cameron
- School of Chemical Sciences and the Centre for Green Chemical Science , University of Auckland , Auckland 1142 , New Zealand
| | - Kyriakos G Varnava
- School of Chemical Sciences and the Centre for Green Chemical Science , University of Auckland , Auckland 1142 , New Zealand
| | | | - Gangadhar Sanjayan
- Division of Organic Chemistry , CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory , Dr. Homi Bhabha Road , Pune 411 008 , India
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9
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Lin ZW, Zhou Y, Zhao ZN, Zhao Y, Liu J, Huang YY. 1,2-Amino alcohol-dependent Petasis allylboration for racemic and chiral homoallylamines. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo01428k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetric Petasis allylboration among an aldehyde, 1,2-amino alcohol and pinacolallylboronate has been established at room temperature without any catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Wei Lin
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Life Science
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Life Science
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
| | - Zhen-Ni Zhao
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Life Science
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
| | - Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures
- International School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
- China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Life Science
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
| | - Yi-Yong Huang
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Life Science
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
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10
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Venkatanna K, Ramanathan CR. Catalyst-free allylation of 2-aminophenol–derived aldimines with allyltrichlorosilane under thermal conditions. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Jiang Y, Schaus SE. Asymmetric Petasis Borono-Mannich Allylation Reactions Catalyzed by Chiral Biphenols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:1544-1548. [PMID: 28052567 PMCID: PMC5716625 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201611332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Chiral biphenols catalyze the asymmetric Petasis borono-Mannich allylation of aldehydes and amines through the use of a bench-stable allyldioxaborolane. The reaction proceeds via a two-step, one-pot process and requires 2-8 mole % of 3,3'-Ph2 -BINOL as the optimal catalyst. Under microwave heating the reaction affords chiral homoallylic amines in excellent yields (up to 99 %) and high enantioselectivies (er up to 99:1). The catalytic reaction is a true multicomponent condensation reaction whereas both the aldehyde and the amine can possess a wide range of structural and electronic properties. Use of crotyldioxaborolane in the reaction results in stereodivergent products with anti- and syn-diastereomers both in good diastereoselectivities and enantioselectivities from the corresponding E- and Z-borolane stereoisomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery, Boston University, 24 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Scott E Schaus
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery, Boston University, 24 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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12
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Jiang Y, Schaus SE. Asymmetric Petasis Borono-Mannich Allylation Reactions Catalyzed by Chiral Biphenols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201611332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery; Boston University; 24 Cummington Mall Boston MA 02215 USA
| | - Scott E. Schaus
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery; Boston University; 24 Cummington Mall Boston MA 02215 USA
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13
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Ling Z, Singh S, Xie F, Wu L, Zhang W. Copper-catalyzed asymmetric alkynylation of cyclic N-sulfonyl ketimines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:5364-5367. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc02159c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A Cu-catalyzed asymmetric alkynylation of cyclic N-sulfonyl ketimines was developed, providing the corresponding chiral α-tertiary amines with up to 98% ee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Ling
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Sonia Singh
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Fang Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Liang Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Wanbin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
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14
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Maolanon AR, Kristensen HME, Leman LJ, Ghadiri MR, Olsen CA. Natural and Synthetic Macrocyclic Inhibitors of the Histone Deacetylase Enzymes. Chembiochem 2016; 18:5-49. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex R. Maolanon
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and; Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology; University of Copenhagen; Universitetsparken 2 2100 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Helle M. E. Kristensen
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and; Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology; University of Copenhagen; Universitetsparken 2 2100 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Luke J. Leman
- Department of Chemistry; The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology; The Scripps Research Institute; 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - M. Reza Ghadiri
- Department of Chemistry; The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology; The Scripps Research Institute; 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Christian A. Olsen
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and; Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology; University of Copenhagen; Universitetsparken 2 2100 Copenhagen Denmark
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15
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Synthesis of the unusual α-amino acid component of some novel histone deacetylase inhibiting cyclic peptides. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Johnston HJ, McWhinnie FS, Landi F, Hulme AN. Flexible, Phase-Transfer Catalyzed Approaches to 4-Substituted Prolines. Org Lett 2014; 16:4778-81. [PMID: 25191962 DOI: 10.1021/ol502239g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Heather J. Johnston
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, U.K
| | - Fergus S. McWhinnie
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, U.K
| | - Felicetta Landi
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, U.K
| | - Alison N. Hulme
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, U.K
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17
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Curto JM, Kozlowski MC. α-Allyl-α-aryl α-amino esters in the asymmetric synthesis of acyclic and cyclic amino acid derivatives by alkene metathesis. J Org Chem 2014; 79:5359-64. [PMID: 24828423 PMCID: PMC4059215 DOI: 10.1021/jo500707t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Allylating agents were explored for the asymmetric synthesis of α-allyl-α-aryl α-amino acids by tandem N-alkylation/π-allylation. Cross-metathesis of the tandem product was developed to provide allylic diversity not afforded in the parent reaction; the synthesis of homotyrosine and homoglutamate analogues was completed. Cyclic α-amino acid derivatives could be accessed by ring-closing metathesis presenting a viable strategy to higher ring homologue of enantioenriched α-substituted proline. The eight-membered proline analogue was successfully converted to the pyrrolizidine natural product backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Curto
- Penn Merck High Throughput Experimentation Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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18
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Curto JM, Dickstein JS, Berritt S, Kozlowski MC. Asymmetric synthesis of α-allyl-α-aryl α-amino acids by tandem alkylation/π-allylation of α-iminoesters. Org Lett 2014; 16:1948-51. [PMID: 24666394 PMCID: PMC3983326 DOI: 10.1021/ol500506t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The
first asymmetric synthesis of α-allyl-α-aryl α-amino
acids by means of a three-component coupling of α-iminoesters,
Grignard reagents, and cinnamyl acetate is reported. Notably, the
enolate from the tandem process provides a much higher level of reactivity
and selectivity than the same enolate generated via direct deprotonation,
presumably due to differences in the solvation/aggregation state.
A novel method for removal of a homoallylic amine protecting group
delivers the free amine congeners. The α-allyl group offers
a means to generate further valuable α-amino acid structures
as exemplified by ring closing metathesis to generate a higher ring
homologue of α-aryl-proline.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Curto
- Department of Chemistry, Penn Merck High Throughput Experimentation Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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19
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Simple organic molecules as catalysts for enantioselective synthesis of amines and alcohols. Nature 2013; 494:216-21. [PMID: 23407537 PMCID: PMC3576146 DOI: 10.1038/nature11844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of catalysts that can be used to synthesize complex organic compounds by enantioselective transformations is central to advances in the life sciences; for this reason, many chemists aim to discover catalysts that allow for preparation of chiral molecules as predominantly one mirror-image isomer. The ideal catalyst should not contain precious elements and should bring reactions to completion in a few hours through operationally simple procedures. Here we introduce a set of small organic molecules that can catalyse reactions of unsaturated organoboron reagents with imines and carbonyls; the products of the reactions are enantiomerically pure amines and alcohols, which might serve as intermediates in the preparation of biologically active molecules. A distinguishing feature of this catalyst class is the presence of a 'key' proton embedded within their structure. Catalysts are derived from the abundant amino acid valine and are prepared in large quantities in four steps with inexpensive reagents. Reactions are scalable, do not demand stringent conditions, and can be performed with as little as 0.25 mole per cent catalyst in less than six hours at room temperature to generate products in more than 85 per cent yield and ≥97:3 enantiomeric ratio. The efficiency, selectivity and operational simplicity of the transformations and the range of boron-based reagents are expected to render this advance important for future progress in syntheses of amines and alcohols, which are useful in chemistry, biology and medicine.
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20
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Histone deacetylase inhibitors in the treatment of cancer: overview and perspectives. Future Med Chem 2012; 4:1439-60. [PMID: 22857533 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.12.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) are one of the last frontiers in pharmaceutical research. Several classes of HDACi have been identified. Although more than 20 HDACi are under preclinical and clinical investigation as single agents and in combination therapies against different cancers, just two of them were approved by the US FDA: Zolinza(®) and Istodax(®), both licensed for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, the latter also of peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Since HDAC enzymes act by forming multiprotein complexes (clusters), containing cofactors, the main problem in designing new HDACi is that the inhibition activity evaluated on isolated enzyme isoforms does not match the in vivo outcomes. In the coming years, the research will be oriented toward a better understanding of the functioning of these protein complexes as well as the development of new screening assays, with the final goal to obtain new drug candidates for the treatment of cancer.
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21
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Rodriguez JB, Szajnman SH. New antibacterials for the treatment of toxoplasmosis; a patent review. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2012; 22:311-33. [PMID: 22404108 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2012.668886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Toxoplasma gondii is an opportunistic protozoan parasite responsible for toxoplasmosis. T. gondii is able to infect a wide range of hosts, particularly humans and warm-blooded animals. Toxoplasmosis can be considered as one of the most prevalent parasitic diseases affecting close to one billion people worldwide, but its current chemotherapy is still deficient and is only effective in the acute phase of the disease. AREAS COVERED This review covers different approaches to toxoplasmosis chemotherapy focused on the metabolic differences between the host and the parasite. Selective action on different targets such as the isoprenoid pathway, dihydrofolate reductase, T. gondii adenosine kinase, different antibacterials, T. gondii histone deacetylase and calcium-dependent protein kinases is discussed. EXPERT OPINION A new and safe chemotherapy is needed, as T. gondii causes serious morbidity and mortality in pregnant women and immunodeficient patients undergoing chemotherapy. A particular drawback of the available treatments is the lack of efficacy against the tissue cyst of the parasite. During this review a broad scope of several attractive targets for drug design have been presented. In this context, the isoprenoid pathway, dihydrofolate reductase, T. gondii histone deacetylase are promising molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Bautista Rodriguez
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Química Orgánica & UMYMFOR (CONICET-FCEyN), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Pab 2, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, C1428EHA, Argentina.
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He G, Zhao Y, Zhang S, Lu C, Chen G. Highly efficient syntheses of azetidines, pyrrolidines, and indolines via palladium catalyzed intramolecular amination of C(sp3)-H and C(sp2)-H bonds at γ and δ positions. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 134:3-6. [PMID: 22191666 DOI: 10.1021/ja210660g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 426] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Efficient methods have been developed to synthesize azetidine, pyrrolidine, and indoline compounds via palladium-catalyzed intramolecular amination of C-H bonds at the γ and δ positions of picolinamide (PA) protected amine substrates. These methods feature relatively a low catalyst loading, use of inexpensive reagents, and convenient operating conditions. Their selectivities are predictable. These methods highlight the use of unactivated C-H bond, especially the C(sp(3))-H bond of methyl groups, as functional groups in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang He
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
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23
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Rui F, Marques JC, Miller ST, Maycock CD, Xavier KB, Ventura MR. Stereochemical diversity of AI-2 analogs modulates quorum sensing in Vibrio harveyi and Escherichia coli. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 20:249-56. [PMID: 22137598 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2011] [Revised: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/05/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria coordinate population-dependent behaviors such as virulence by intra- and inter-species communication (quorum sensing). Autoinducer-2 (AI-2) regulates inter-species quorum sensing. AI-2 derives from the spontaneous cyclisation of linear (S)-4,5-dihydroxypentanedione (DPD) into two isomeric forms in dynamic equilibrium. Different species of bacteria have different classes of AI-2 receptors (LsrB and LuxP) which bind to different cyclic forms. In the present work, DPD analogs with a new stereocenter at C-5 (4,5-dihydroxyhexanediones (DHDs)) have been synthesized and their biological activity tested in two bacteria. (4S,5R)-DHD is a synergistic agonist in Escherichia coli (which contains the LsrB receptor), while it is an agonist in Vibrio harveyi (LuxP), displaying the strongest agonistic activity reported so far (EC(50)=0.65μM) in this organism. Thus, modification at C-5 opens the way to novel methods to manipulate quorum sensing as a method for controlling bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Rui
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Av. da República, Estação Agronómica Nacional, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
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Small molecule probes of the receptor binding site in the Vibrio cholerae CAI-1 quorum sensing circuit. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:6906-18. [PMID: 22001326 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2011] [Revised: 09/06/2011] [Accepted: 09/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Based on modification of separate structural features of the Vibrio cholerae quorum sensing signal, (S)-3-hydroxytridecan-4-one (CAI-1), three focused compound libraries have been synthesized and evaluated for biological activity. Modifications to the acyl tail and α-hydroxy ketone typically provided agonists with activities correlated to tail length and conservative changes to the hydroxy ketone. Among the molecules identified within this collection of agonists is Am-CAI-1 (B11), which is among the most potent agonists reported to date with an EC(50) of 0.21 μM. Modifications to the ethyl side chain delivered molecules with both agonist and antagonist activity, including m-OH-Ph-CAI-1 (C13) which is the most potent antagonist reported to date with an IC(50) of 36 μM. The molecules described in this manuscript are anticipated to serve as valuable tools in the study of quorum sensing in Vibrio cholerae and provide new leads in the development of an antivirulence therapy against this human pathogen.
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Islam MS, Bhuiyan MPI, Islam MN, Nsiama TK, Oishi N, Kato T, Nishino N, Ito A, Yoshida M. Evaluation of functional groups on amino acids in cyclic tetrapeptides in histone deacetylase inhibition. Amino Acids 2011; 42:2103-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-011-0947-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Auzzas L, Larsson A, Matera R, Baraldi A, Deschênes-Simard B, Giannini G, Cabri W, Battistuzzi G, Gallo G, Ciacci A, Vesci L, Pisano C, Hanessian S. Non-Natural Macrocyclic Inhibitors of Histone Deacetylases: Design, Synthesis, and Activity. J Med Chem 2010; 53:8387-99. [DOI: 10.1021/jm101092u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Auzzas
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7 Canada
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Traversa La Crucca 3, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Andreas Larsson
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7 Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Riccardo Matera
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Annamaria Baraldi
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Benoît Deschênes-Simard
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Giuseppe Giannini
- Sigma-Tau Research and Development, Via Pontina Km 30.400, 00040 Pomezia, Roma, Italy
| | - Walter Cabri
- Sigma-Tau Research and Development, Via Pontina Km 30.400, 00040 Pomezia, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Grazia Gallo
- Sigma-Tau Research and Development, Via Pontina Km 30.400, 00040 Pomezia, Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciacci
- Sigma-Tau Research and Development, Via Pontina Km 30.400, 00040 Pomezia, Roma, Italy
| | - Loredana Vesci
- Sigma-Tau Research and Development, Via Pontina Km 30.400, 00040 Pomezia, Roma, Italy
| | - Claudio Pisano
- Sigma-Tau Research and Development, Via Pontina Km 30.400, 00040 Pomezia, Roma, Italy
| | - Stephen Hanessian
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7 Canada
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Li W, Gan J, Ma D. Total synthesis of piperazimycin A: a cytotoxic cyclic hexadepsipeptide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 48:8891-5. [PMID: 19839021 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200904603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic & Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
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Li W, Gan J, Ma D. A Concise Route to the Proposed Structure of Lydiamycin B, an Antimycobacterial Depsipeptide. Org Lett 2009; 11:5694-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol9024474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiangang Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Dawei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
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30
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Li W, Gan J, Ma D. Total Synthesis of Piperazimycin A: A Cytotoxic Cyclic Hexadepsipeptide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200904603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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31
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Chandrasekhar S, Rao CL, Seenaiah M, Naresh P, Jagadeesh B, Manjeera D, Sarkar A, Bhadra MP. Total synthesis of azumamide E and sugar amino acid-containing analogue. J Org Chem 2009; 74:401-4. [PMID: 19053574 DOI: 10.1021/jo8020264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and practical total synthesis of marine cyclic tetrapeptide, natural product azumamide E (1) is achieved via high-yielding reactions. The strategy also allowed us to synthesize the azumamide E-SAA (sugar amino acid) analogue (2), whose solution-phase NMR and biological activity studies were also carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srivari Chandrasekhar
- Organic Division-I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India 500 607.
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32
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Berini C, Pelloux-Léon N, Minassian F, Denis JN. From N-triisopropylsilylpyrrole to an optically active C-4 substituted pyroglutamic acid: total synthesis of penmacric acid. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:4512-6. [DOI: 10.1039/b911217k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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33
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Molecular modeling studies toward the structural optimization of new cyclopeptide-based HDAC inhibitors modeled on the natural product FR235222. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:8635-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2008] [Revised: 07/28/2008] [Accepted: 08/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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34
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Degenkolb T, Gams W, Brückner H. Natural cyclopeptaibiotics and related cyclic tetrapeptides: structural diversity and future prospects. Chem Biodivers 2008; 5:693-706. [PMID: 18493956 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200890066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Linearity is not considered a prerequisite anymore, and extension of the current definition of 'peptaibiotics' to cyclic, Aib-containing peptides is proposed. Sequences and bioactivities, together with ecophysiological importance of cyclopeptaibiotics and related cyclic tetrapeptides, and their fungal-taxonomic relationships, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Degenkolb
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre (IFZ), Department of Food Sciences, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
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35
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Gomez-Paloma L, Bruno I, Cini E, Khochbin S, Rodriquez M, Taddei M, Terracciano S, Sadoul K. Design and synthesis of cyclopeptide analogues of the potent histone deacetylase inhibitor FR235222. ChemMedChem 2008; 2:1511-9. [PMID: 17694590 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200700095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Various structurally modified analogues of FR235222 (1), a natural tetrapeptide inhibitor of mammalian histone deacetylases, were prepared in a convergent approach. The design of the compounds was aimed to investigate the effect of structural modifications of the tetrapeptide core involved in enzyme binding in order to overcome some synthetic difficulties connected with the natural product 1. The modifications introduced could also help identify key structural features involved in the mechanism of action of these compounds. The prepared molecules were subjected to in vitro pharmacological tests, and their potency was tested on cultured cells. Two of the components of the array were found to be more potent than the parent compound 1 and almost as efficient as trichostatin A (TSA). These results demonstrate that it is possible to synthesize highly active cyclic tetrapeptides using commercially available amino acids (with the exception of 2-amino-8-oxodecanoic acid, Ahoda). The nature of the residue in the second position of the cyclic peptide and the stereochemistry of the Ahoda tail are important for the inhibitory activity of this class of cyclic tetrapeptide analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Gomez-Paloma
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Salerno, Via Ponte don Melillo, 84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
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Liu F, Thomas J, Burke TR. Synthesis of a Homologous Series of Side Chain Extended Orthogonally-Protected Aminooxy-Containing Amino Acids. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2008; 15:2432-2438. [PMID: 19122755 DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1078600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Practical methodology is reported for the synthesis of a homologous series of side chain extended amino acids containing aminooxy functionality bearing orthogonal protection suitable for Fmoc peptide synthesis. These reagents may be useful for the preparation of libraries containing fragments joined by peptide linkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa Liu
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, CCR, NCI-Frederick, NIH, Bldg. 376 Boyles St., Frederick, Maryland 21702, Fax 301-846-6033
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Lumini M, Cordero FM, Pisaneschi F, Brandi A. Straightforward Synthesis of α-Substituted Prolines by Cross-Metathesis. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200800044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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38
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Direct Allylation of Aldimines Catalyzed byC2-SymmetricN,N′-Dioxide–ScIII Complexes: Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of Homoallylic Amines. Chemistry 2008; 14:4796-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200800534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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39
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Xie W, Ding D, Zi W, Li G, Ma D. Total Synthesis and Structure Assignment of Papuamide B, A Potent Marine Cyclodepsipeptide with Anti-HIV Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200705557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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40
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Xie W, Ding D, Zi W, Li G, Ma D. Total Synthesis and Structure Assignment of Papuamide B, A Potent Marine Cyclodepsipeptide with Anti-HIV Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:2844-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200705557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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41
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Nishino N, Shivashimpi GM, Soni PB, Bhuiyan MPI, Kato T, Maeda S, Nishino TG, Yoshida M. Interaction of aliphatic cap group in inhibition of histone deacetylases by cyclic tetrapeptides. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:437-45. [PMID: 17900911 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2007] [Revised: 09/11/2007] [Accepted: 09/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitors of histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a promising class of anticancer agents that effect gene regulation. To know the interaction of aliphatic cap groups with HDACs, cyclic tetrapeptide and bicyclic peptide disulfide hybrids were synthesized without aromatic ring in their macrocyclic framework. Benzene ring of l-Phe in chlamydocin was replaced with several aliphatic amino acids and also a fused bicyclic tetrapeptide was synthesized by ring closing metathesis using Grubb's first generation catalyst. The inhibitory activities of the cyclic peptides against histone deacetylase enzymes were evaluated, which demonstrated most of them are interesting candidates as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norikazu Nishino
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu 808-0196, Japan.
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Histone deacetylase inhibitors: a novel class of anti-cancer agents on its way to the market. PROGRESS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2008; 46:205-80. [PMID: 18381127 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6468(07)00005-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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43
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Lou S, Moquist PN, Schaus SE. Asymmetric allylboration of acyl imines catalyzed by chiral diols. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:15398-404. [PMID: 18020334 PMCID: PMC2638762 DOI: 10.1021/ja075204v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chiral BINOL-derived diols catalyze the enantioselective asymmetric allylboration of acyl imines. The reaction requires 15 mol % (S)-3,3'-Ph2-BINOL as the catalyst and allyldiisopropoxyborane as the nucleophile. The reaction products are obtained in good yields (75-94%) and high enantiomeric ratios (95:5-99.5:0.5) for aromatic and aliphatic imines. High diastereoselectivities (diastereomeric ratio > 98:2) and enantioselectivities (enantiomeric ratio > 98:2) are obtained in the reactions of acyl imines with crotyldiisopropoxyboranes. This asymmetric transformation is directly applied to the synthesis of Maraviroc, the selective CCR5 antagonist with potent activity against HIV-1 infection. Mechanistic investigations of the allylboration reaction including IR, NMR, and mass spectrometry studies indicate that acyclic boronates are activated by chiral diols via exchange of one of the boronate alkoxy groups with activation of the acyl imine via hydrogen bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Lou
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry and Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development, Life Science and Engineering Building, Boston University, 24 Cummington Street, Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
| | - Philip N. Moquist
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry and Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development, Life Science and Engineering Building, Boston University, 24 Cummington Street, Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
| | - Scott E. Schaus
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry and Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development, Life Science and Engineering Building, Boston University, 24 Cummington Street, Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
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Shivashimpi GM, Amagai S, Kato T, Nishino N, Maeda S, Nishino TG, Yoshida M. Molecular design of histone deacetylase inhibitors by aromatic ring shifting in chlamydocin framework. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:7830-9. [PMID: 17881232 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2007] [Revised: 08/20/2007] [Accepted: 08/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Chlamydocin, a cyclic tetrapeptide containing aminoisobutyric acid (Aib), l-phenylalanine (l-Phe), d-proline (d-Pro), and a unique amino acid l-2-amino-8-oxo-9,10-epoxydecanoic acid, inhibits the histone deacetylases (HDACs), a class of enzymes, which play important roles in regulation of gene expression. Sulfur containing amino acids can also inhibit potently, so zinc ligand, such as sulfhydryl group connected with a linker to the so-called capping group, corresponding to cyclic tetrapeptide framework in case of chlamydocin is supposed to interact with the surface of HDAC molecule. Various changes in amino acid residues in chlamydocin may afford specific inhibitors toward HDAC paralogs. To find out specific inhibitors, we focused on benzene ring of l-Phe in chlamydocin framework to shift to various parts of cyclic tetrapeptide. We prepared and introduced several aromatic amino acids into the cyclic tetrapeptides. By evaluating inhibitory activity of these macrocyclic peptides against HDACs, we could find potent inhibitors by shifting the aromatic ring to the Aib site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gururaj M Shivashimpi
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu 808-0196, Japan
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45
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon–transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2005. Coord Chem Rev 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2006.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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46
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Storcken RP, Panella L, van Delft F, Kaptein B, Broxterman Q, Schoemaker H, Rutjes FP. A Cross-Metathesis Route to Functionalized α-Methyl α-Substituted Amino Acids. Adv Synth Catal 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200600446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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47
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Mun J, Onorato A, Nichols FC, Morton MD, Saleh AI, Welzel M, Smith MB. Structural confirmation of the dihydrosphinganine and fatty acid constituents of the dental pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis. Org Biomol Chem 2007; 5:3826-33. [DOI: 10.1039/b712707c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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48
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Rodriquez M, Terracciano S, Cini E, Settembrini G, Bruno I, Bifulco G, Taddei M, Gomez-Paloma L. Total synthesis, NMR solution structure, and binding model of the potent histone deacetylase inhibitor FR235222. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:423-7. [PMID: 16311994 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200501995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Rodriquez
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, Università di Siena via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
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Abstract
An overview of natural products synthesis in Mainland China during the past 10 years is provided. This review only emphasizes the first total synthesis of molecules of contemporary interest and syntheses that helped to correct structures. In addition, some significant results on the novel synthesis and structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of several natural products are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingquan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic & Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
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50
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Zou B, Long K, Ma D. Total synthesis and cytotoxicity studies of a cyclic depsipeptide with proposed structure of palau'amide. Org Lett 2006; 7:4237-40. [PMID: 16146396 DOI: 10.1021/ol051685g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
[structure: see text] Total synthesis of a cyclic depsipeptide with proposed structure of palau'amide is achieved, which features a stereoselective elaboration of its 5,7-dihydroxy-2,6-dimethyldodec-2-en-11-ynoic acid unit. The synthetic compound has potent cytotoxicity against three tumor cell lines but different rotation and NMR data compared to those reported for palau'amide, which implies that its conformation is close to that of palau'amide but that some stereochemistry in palau'amide was misassigned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
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