1
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Schatz DJ, Kuenstner EJ, George DT, Pronin SV. Synthesis of rearranged indole diterpenes of the paxilline type. Nat Prod Rep 2022; 39:946-968. [PMID: 34931646 PMCID: PMC10122275 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00062d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2021Rearranged indole diterpenes of the paxilline type comprise a large group of fungal metabolites that possess diverse structural features and potentially useful biological effects. The unique indoloterpenoid motif, which is common to all congeners, was first confirmed by crystallographic studies of paxilline. This family of natural products has fascinated organic chemists for the past four decades and has inspired numerous syntheses and synthetic approaches. The present review highlights efforts that have laid the foundation and introduced new directions to this field of natural product synthesis. The introduction includes a summary of biosynthetic considerations and biological activities, the main body of the manuscript provides a detailed discussion of selected syntheses, and the review concludes with a brief outlook on the future of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devon J Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, 92697-2025, USA.
| | - Eric J Kuenstner
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, 92697-2025, USA.
| | - David T George
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, 92697-2025, USA.
| | - Sergey V Pronin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, 92697-2025, USA.
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2
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Enomoto M. Recent advances in the total syntheses of indole diterpenoids. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:13-23. [DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbaa061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Indole diterpenoids constitute a large family of natural products that are characterized by a hybrid molecular architecture consisting of an indole nucleus and diterpenoid moiety. Their pharmacologically and agriculturally important biological properties as well as intriguing molecular architectures have attracted much attention from many synthetic organic chemists. In 2012, we succeeded in the concise total synthesis of a paspalane-type indole diterpenoid, namely paspalinine, by developing a highly efficient indole ring formation protocol. After the report of this total synthesis, 4 research groups achieved the total syntheses of other paspalane- and nodulisporane-type indole diterpenoids using current state-of-the-art methods. This review summarizes the total syntheses of the paspalane- and nodulisporane-type indole diterpenoids that were described in the last 10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Enomoto
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
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3
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Jo M, Lee D, Kwak YS. Rapid Access to the Structural Core of Aflavinines via Stereoselective Tandem Intramolecular Diels-Alder Cycloaddition Controlled by the Allylic 1,3-Strain. Org Lett 2019; 21:6529-6533. [PMID: 31368715 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An expedient route to access the functionalized structural core of aflavinines has been developed starting from three readily available fragments over 12 steps in 29.1% overall yield without using any transition metal catalysis. The key feature of this approach is a tandem intramolecular Diels-Alder cycloaddition to complete the hexacyclic framework with the correct stereochemistry and all the requisite structural elements in place to achieve the total synthesis of aflavinine and its congeners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmi Jo
- College of Pharmacy , Korea University , Sejong 30019 , Republic of Korea
| | - Dongjoo Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST) , Ajou University , Suwon 16499 , Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Shin Kwak
- College of Pharmacy , Korea University , Sejong 30019 , Republic of Korea
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4
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Okada T. Synthetic Studies on Nodulisporic Acids with Multi-substituted Indole Skeleton. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2019. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.77.845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Okada
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama
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5
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Liu Y, Wang H. Unified enantioselective total syntheses of (−)-scholarisine G, (+)-melodinine E, (−)-leuconoxine and (−)-mersicarpine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:3544-3547. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc09949a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A unified strategy enabled the enantioselective syntheses of (−)-scholarisine G, (+)-melodinine E, (−)-leuconoxine and (−)-mersicarpine from a common 2-alkylated indole bearing an all-carbon quaternary stereogenic center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Honggen Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
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6
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Godfrey NA, Schatz DJ, Pronin SV. Twelve-Step Asymmetric Synthesis of (-)-Nodulisporic Acid C. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:12770-12774. [PMID: 30261724 PMCID: PMC6791361 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b09965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A short, enantioselective synthesis of (-)-nodulisporic acid C is described. The route features two highly diastereoselective polycyclizations en route to the terpenoid core and the indenopyran fragment and a highly convergent assembly of a challenging indole moiety. Application of this chemistry allows for a 12-step synthesis of the target indoloterpenoid from commercially available material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A. Godfrey
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Devon J. Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Sergey V. Pronin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
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7
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Zou Y, Li X, Yang Y, Berritt S, Melvin J, Gonzales S, Spafford M, Smith AB. Total Synthesis of (-)-Nodulisporic Acids D, C, and B: Evolution of a Unified Synthetic Strategy. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:9502-9511. [PMID: 30028603 PMCID: PMC6085755 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b04053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A unified synthetic strategy leading to the total synthesis of (-)-nodulisporic acids D, C, and B is described. Key synthetic transformations include a nickel-chromium-mediated cyclization, an aromatic ring functionalization employing a novel copper-promoted alkylation, a palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling cascade/indole ring construction, and a palladium-mediated regio- and diastereoselective allylic substitution/cyclization reaction, the latter to construct ring D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yike Zou
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, and Monell Chemical Senses Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Xiangqin Li
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, and Monell Chemical Senses Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Yun Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, and Monell Chemical Senses Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Simon Berritt
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, and Monell Chemical Senses Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jason Melvin
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, and Monell Chemical Senses Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Stephen Gonzales
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, and Monell Chemical Senses Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Matthew Spafford
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, and Monell Chemical Senses Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Amos B. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, and Monell Chemical Senses Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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8
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Liu X, Hsiao CC, Guo L, Rueping M. Cross-Coupling of Amides with Alkylboranes via Nickel-Catalyzed C–N Bond Cleavage. Org Lett 2018; 20:2976-2979. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangqian Liu
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Chien-Chi Hsiao
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Lin Guo
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Magnus Rueping
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Kaust Catalysis Center (KCC), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Abstract
The first enantioselective total synthesis of (-)-petromindole, an architecturally distinct congener of indole diterpene family, has been achieved. Key features of this synthetic route include the scalable and concise synthesis of tricyclic allylic alcohol from enantiopure Wieland-Mischer ketone derivative, and TMSOTf-mediated, highly efficient biomimetic C-4 cyclization of indole derivative for the rapid construction of a hexacyclic skeleton of petromindole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dattatraya H Dethe
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur-208016, India
| | - Susanta Kumar Sau
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur-208016, India
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10
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Total synthesis of architecturally complex indole terpenoids: strategic and tactical evolution. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2017; 71:185-204. [PMID: 28852179 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2017.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Indole terpenes have attracted the interests of synthetic chemists due to their complex architectures and potent biological activities. Examples of total syntheses of several indole terpenes were reviewed in this article to honor Professor KC Nicolaou.
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11
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Guo L, Hsiao CC, Yue H, Liu X, Rueping M. Nickel-Catalyzed Csp2–Csp3 Cross-Coupling via C–O Bond Activation. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b00801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Guo
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Chien-Chi Hsiao
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Huifeng Yue
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Xiangqian Liu
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Magnus Rueping
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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12
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George DT, Kuenstner EJ, Pronin SV. A Concise Approach to Paxilline Indole Diterpenes. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:15410-3. [PMID: 26593869 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b11129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A synthetic approach to paxilline indole diterpenes is described. The route to the pentacyclic core relies on a new regioselective alkenylation of ketones and a tandem radical addition-aldol reaction sequence to access vicinal quaternary stereocenters. Emindole SB, the simplest member of the family, is synthesized in 11 steps from commercially available material to demonstrate the application of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- David T George
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Eric J Kuenstner
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Sergey V Pronin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
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13
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Zou Y, Melvin JE, Gonzales SS, Spafford MJ, Smith AB. Total Synthesis of (-)-Nodulisporic Acid D. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:7095-8. [PMID: 26029849 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b04728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A convergent total synthesis of the architecturally complex indole diterpenoid (-)-nodulisporic acid D has been achieved. Key synthetic transformations include vicinal difunctionalization of an advanced α,β-unsaturated aldehyde to form the E,F-trans-fused 5,6-ring system of the eastern hemisphere and a cascade cross-coupling/indolization protocol leading to the CDE multisubstituted indole core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yike Zou
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, and Monell Chemical Senses Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jason E Melvin
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, and Monell Chemical Senses Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Stephen S Gonzales
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, and Monell Chemical Senses Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Matthew J Spafford
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, and Monell Chemical Senses Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Amos B Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, and Monell Chemical Senses Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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14
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Sharpe RJ, Johnson JS. A global and local desymmetrization approach to the synthesis of steroidal alkaloids: stereocontrolled total synthesis of paspaline. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:4968-71. [PMID: 25856767 PMCID: PMC4409926 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b02631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A stereocontrolled total synthesis of the indole diterpenoid natural product paspaline is described. Key steps include a highly diastereoselective enzymatic desymmetrization, substrate-directed epoxidation, Ireland-Claisen rearrangement, and diastereotopic group selective C-H acetoxylation to assemble the target with excellent stereofidelity. The route and results described herein outline complementary conceptual disconnections in the arena of steroid natural product synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J. Sharpe
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Jeffrey S. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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15
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Kulcitki V, Harghel P, Ungur N. Unusual cyclic terpenoids with terminal pendant prenyl moieties: from occurrence to synthesis. Nat Prod Rep 2015; 31:1686-720. [PMID: 25118808 DOI: 10.1039/c4np00081a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The paper reviews the known examples of cyclic terpenoids produced from open chain polyenic precursors by an "unusual" biosynthetic pathway, involving selective electrophilic attack on an internal double bond followed by cyclization. The resulting compounds possess cyclic backbones with pendant terminal prenyl groups. Synthetic approaches applied for the synthesis of such specifically functionalized compounds are also discussed, as well as biological activity of reported representatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veaceslav Kulcitki
- Institute of Chemistry, Moldova Academy of Sciences, Academiei str. 3, MD-2028, Chişinău, Republic of Moldova.
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16
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Iwasaki T, Higashikawa K, Reddy VP, Ho WWS, Fujimoto Y, Fukase K, Terao J, Kuniyasu H, Kambe N. NickelButadiene Catalytic System for the Cross-Coupling of Bromoalkanoic Acids with Alkyl Grignard Reagents: A Practical and Versatile Method for Preparing Fatty Acids. Chemistry 2013; 19:2956-60. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201204222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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Skladchikov DA, Buranbaeva RS, Fatykhov AA, Ivanov SP, Gataullin RR. Synthesis of N-acetyl-3,3a,4,8b- and -1,3a,4,8b-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]indoles from N- and 2-(cyclopent-2-en-1-yl)anilines. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428012120093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Yang Z, Zhang B, Zhao G, Yang J, Xie X, She X. Concise formal synthesis of (+)-neopeltolide. Org Lett 2011; 13:5916-9. [PMID: 21995677 DOI: 10.1021/ol2025718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A concise formal synthesis of (+)-neopeltolide (1) has been accomplished. The synthesis demonstrated high atom efficiency employing only one step of functional group protection. Key steps involved iridium-catalyzed double asymmetric carbonyl allylation, palladium-catalyzed intramolecular alkoxycarbonylation, ruthenium-catalyzed olefin isomerization, and ring-closing metathesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
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19
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Sequential Transformations to Access Polycyclic Chemotypes: Asymmetric Crotylation and Metal Carbenoid Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:5938-42. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201101366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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20
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Wu J, Becerril J, Lian Y, Davies HML, Porco JA, Panek JS. Sequential Transformations to Access Polycyclic Chemotypes: Asymmetric Crotylation and Metal Carbenoid Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201101366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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21
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Gerfaud T, Xie C, Neuville L, Zhu J. Protecting-Group-Free Total Synthesis of (E)- and (Z)-Alstoscholarine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:3954-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201100257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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22
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Gerfaud T, Xie C, Neuville L, Zhu J. Protecting-Group-Free Total Synthesis of (E)- and (Z)-Alstoscholarine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201100257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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23
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Jana R, Pathak TP, Sigman MS. Advances in transition metal (Pd, Ni, Fe)-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions using alkyl-organometallics as reaction partners. Chem Rev 2011; 111:1417-92. [PMID: 21319862 PMCID: PMC3075866 DOI: 10.1021/cr100327p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1666] [Impact Index Per Article: 128.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjan Jana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-8500
| | - Tejas P. Pathak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-8500
| | - Matthew S. Sigman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-8500
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24
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Churruca F, Fousteris M, Ishikawa Y, von Wantoch Rekowski M, Hounsou C, Surrey T, Giannis A. A Novel Approach to Indoloditerpenes by Nazarov Photocyclization: Synthesis and Biological Investigations of Terpendole E Analogues. Org Lett 2010; 12:2096-9. [PMID: 20387880 DOI: 10.1021/ol100579w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Churruca
- Department of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, and European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Cell Biology and Biophysics Programme, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manolis Fousteris
- Department of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, and European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Cell Biology and Biophysics Programme, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yuichi Ishikawa
- Department of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, and European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Cell Biology and Biophysics Programme, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Margarete von Wantoch Rekowski
- Department of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, and European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Cell Biology and Biophysics Programme, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Candide Hounsou
- Department of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, and European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Cell Biology and Biophysics Programme, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Surrey
- Department of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, and European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Cell Biology and Biophysics Programme, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Athanassios Giannis
- Department of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, and European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Cell Biology and Biophysics Programme, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
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25
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Meinke PT, Colletti SL, Fisher MH, Wyvratt MJ, Shih TL, Ayer MB, Li C, Lim J, Ok D, Salva S, Warmke LM, Zakson M, Michael BF, Demontigny P, Ostlind DA, Fink D, Drag M, Schmatz DM, Shoop WL. Discovery of the development candidate N-tert-butyl nodulisporamide: a safe and efficacious once monthly oral agent for the control of fleas and ticks on companion animals. J Med Chem 2009; 52:3505-15. [PMID: 19445514 DOI: 10.1021/jm801334v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nodulisporic acid A (1) is a structurally complex fungal metabolite that exhibits systemic efficacy against fleas via modulation of an invertebrate specific glutamate-gated ion channel. In order to identify a nodulisporamide suitable for monthly oral dosing in dogs, a library of 335 nodulisporamides was examined in an artificial flea feeding system for intrinsic systemic potency as well as in a mouse/bedbug assay for systemic efficacy and safety. A cohort of 66 nodulisporamides were selected for evaluation in a dog/flea model; pharmacokinetic analysis correlated plasma levels with flea efficacy. These efforts resulted in the identification of the development candidate N-tert-butyl nodulisporamide (3) as a potent and efficacious once monthly oral agent for the control of fleas and ticks on dogs and cats which was directly compared to the topical agents fipronil and imidacloprid, with favorable results obtained. Multidose studies over 3 months confirmed the in vivo ectoparasiticidal efficacy and established that 3 lacked overt mammalian toxicity. Tissue distribution studies in mice using [(14)C]-labeled 3 indicate that adipose beds serve as ligand depots, contributing to the long terminal half-lives of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter T Meinke
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ 07065-0900, USA.
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Gataullin RR. Synthesis of compounds containing a cycloalka[b]indole fragment. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2009. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428009030014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Ishikura M, Yamada K. Simple indole alkaloids and those with a nonrearranged monoterpenoid unit. Nat Prod Rep 2009; 26:803-52. [DOI: 10.1039/b820693g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang S Tran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569, USA
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Ryu K, Cho YS, Jung SI, Cho CG. Regioselective Pd-Catalyzed Synthesis and Application of 3-Methyl-5-bromo-2-pyrone toward Keto-phomactin A. Org Lett 2006; 8:3343-5. [PMID: 16836401 DOI: 10.1021/ol061231z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[Structure: see text] An efficient one-step synthetic protocol for 3-methyl-5-bromo-2-pyrone was developed using the C3-selective Pd-catalyzed coupling reaction of 3,5-dibromo-2-pyrone with Me3Al-dimethylaminoethanol complex. A subsequent seven-step reaction sequence provided a cyclohexenyl bromide, which served as the key intermediate for the synthesis of the keto analogue of phomactin A, in 31% overall yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimoon Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea 133-791
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30
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Smith AB, Davulcu AH, Kürti L. Indole Diterpenoid Synthetic Studies. Construction of the Heptacyclic Core of (−)-Nodulisporic Acid D. Org Lett 2006; 8:1669-72. [PMID: 16597137 DOI: 10.1021/ol0602912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[structure: see text] Construction of the heptacyclic core of (-)-nodulisporic acid D, a representative member of a recently discovered class of architecturally complex, ectoparasiticidal indole alkaloids, has been achieved. The modular synthetic strategy comprises an expedient, stereocontrolled synthesis of a tricyclic western hemisphere, in conjunction with union of an eastern hemisphere, exploiting the 2-substituted indole synthetic protocol introduced and developed in our laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amos B Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Monell Chemical Senses Center and Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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