1
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Pei ZF, Yang MJ, Zhang K, Jian XH, Tang GL. Heterologous characterization of mechercharmycin A biosynthesis reveals alternative insights into post-translational modifications for RiPPs. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 29:650-659.e5. [PMID: 34474009 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Mechercharmycin A (MCM-A) is a marine natural product belonging to a family of polyazole cyclopeptides with remarkable bioactivities and unique structures. Identification, heterologous expression, and genetic characterizations of the MCM biosynthetic gene cluster in Bacillus subtilis revealed that it is a ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide (RiPP) possessing complex with distinctive modifications. Based on this heterologous expression system, two MCM analogs with comparable antitumor activity are generated by engineering the biosynthetic pathway. Combinatorial co-production of a precursor peptide with different modifying enzymes in Escherichia coli identifies a different timing of modifications, showing that a tRNAGlu-dependent highly regioselective dehydration is the first modification step, followed by polyazole formation through heterocyclization and dehydrogenation in an N- to C-terminal direction. Therefore, a rational biosynthetic pathway of MCMs is proposed, which unveils a subfamily of azol(in)e-containing RiPPs and sets the stage for further investigations of the enzymatic mechanism and synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng-Fei Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Min-Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Jian
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong 643000, China
| | - Gong-Li Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China; School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou 310024, China.
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2
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A novel synthetic method of 2,4-disubstituted oxazoles using carboxylic acid-derived Bu2Sn[OC(O)R]2. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.151983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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3
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Mhlongo JT, Brasil E, de la Torre BG, Albericio F. Naturally Occurring Oxazole-Containing Peptides. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18040203. [PMID: 32290087 PMCID: PMC7231064 DOI: 10.3390/md18040203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxazole-containing peptides are mostly of marine origin and they form an intriguing family with a broad range of biological activities. Here we classify these peptides on the basis of their chemical structure and discuss a number of representatives of each class that reflect the extraordinary potential of this family as a source of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica T. Mhlongo
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa; (J.T.M.); (E.B.)
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Edikarlos Brasil
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa; (J.T.M.); (E.B.)
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Beatriz G. de la Torre
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa; (J.T.M.); (E.B.)
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
- Correspondence: (B.G.d.l.T.); (F.A.); Tel.: +27-614009144 (F.A.)
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa; (J.T.M.); (E.B.)
- CIBER-BBN (Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine) and Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (B.G.d.l.T.); (F.A.); Tel.: +27-614009144 (F.A.)
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4
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Oberheide A, Schwenk S, Ronco C, Semmrau LM, Görls H, Arndt HD. Synthesis, Structure, and Cytotoxicity of Urukthapelstatin A Polyazole Cyclopeptide Analogs. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ansgar Oberheide
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie; Friedrich-Schiller-Universität; Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Sebastian Schwenk
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie; Friedrich-Schiller-Universität; Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Cyril Ronco
- CNRS UMR7272; Université Côte d'Azur; Institut de Chimie de Nice 28, Avenue Valrose 06108 Nice France
| | - Lisa Maria Semmrau
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie; Friedrich-Schiller-Universität; Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Helmar Görls
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Friedrich-Schiller-Universität; Humboldtstr. 8 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Hans-Dieter Arndt
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie; Friedrich-Schiller-Universität; Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
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5
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Abstract
This Review is devoted to the chemistry of macrocyclic peptides having heterocyclic fragments in their structure. These motifs are present in many natural products and synthetic macrocycles designed against a particular biochemical target. Thiazole and oxazole are particularly common constituents of naturally occurring macrocyclic peptide molecules. This frequency of occurrence is because the thiazole and oxazole rings originate from cysteine, serine, and threonine residues. Whereas other heteroaryl groups are found less frequently, they offer many insightful lessons that range from conformational control to receptor/ligand interactions. Many options to develop new and improved technologies to prepare natural products have appeared in recent years, and the synthetic community has been pursuing synthetic macrocycles that have no precedent in nature. This Review attempts to summarize progress in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan V Smolyar
- Department of Chemistry , Moscow State University , Leninskije Gory , 199991 Moscow , Russia
| | - Andrei K Yudin
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry , University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3H6 , Canada
| | - Valentine G Nenajdenko
- Department of Chemistry , Moscow State University , Leninskije Gory , 199991 Moscow , Russia
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6
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Abdel Monaim SAH, Mhlongo JT, Kumar A, El-Faham A, Albericio F, de la Torre BG. Formation of N α-terminal 2-dialkyl amino oxazoles from guanidinated derivatives under mild conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 16:5661-5666. [PMID: 30043801 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01463a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxazole-containing peptides are an important class of molecules in medicinal chemistry programs. Here we describe a convenient solid-phase synthesis of Nα-terminal oxazole peptides. The strategy took advantage of an intramolecular rearrangement side reaction that occurred during the guanidination of the Nα-amino function of a peptide still anchored on the solid-support. The substitution map of the N,N-dialkylamino oxazole obtained using this strategy differed completely from the one achieved through the heterocyclization of the Ser or Thr side chain with the preceding carbonyl group, which is a common approach for the preparation of these compounds. This unexpected reaction was observed with N-terminal aromatic and aliphatic amino acids that have a Gly as the last before residue in both short as well as long peptides; however, it does not form the oxazole ring if Gly was substituted with other amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa A H Abdel Monaim
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.
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7
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Abstract
This review describes a selection of macrocyclic natural products and structurally modified analogs containing peptidic and non-peptidic elements as structural features that potentially modulate cellular permeability. Examples range from exclusively peptidic structures like cyclosporin A or phepropeptins to compounds with mostly non-peptidic character, such as telomestatin or largazole. Furthermore, semisynthetic approaches and synthesis platforms to generate general and focused libraries of compounds at the interface of cyclic peptides and non-peptidic macrocycles are discussed.
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8
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Schwenk S, Ronco C, Oberheide A, Arndt HD. Biomimetic Synthesis of Urukthapelstatin A by Aza-Wittig Ring Contraction. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Schwenk
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität; Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie; Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Cyril Ronco
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität; Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie; Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Ansgar Oberheide
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität; Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie; Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Hans-Dieter Arndt
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität; Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie; Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
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9
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Abstract
The first total syntheses of newly isolated polyazole natural products azolemycins A–D, along with the synthesis of the tetra-oxazole non-natural analogue, are described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David J. Fox
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Warwick
- Coventry
- UK
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10
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Predicting the unpredictable: Recent structure–activity studies on peptide-based macrocycles. Bioorg Chem 2015; 60:74-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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11
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Abstract
α,β-Dehydroamino acids are naturally occurring non-coded amino acids, found primarily in peptides. The review focuses on the type of α,β-dehydroamino acids, the structure of dehydropeptides, the source of their origin and bioactivity. Dehydropeptides are isolated primarily from bacteria and less often from fungi, marine invertebrates or even higher plants. They reveal mainly antibiotic, antifungal, antitumour, and phytotoxic activity. More than 60 different structures were classified, which often cover broad families of peptides. 37 different structural units containing the α,β-dehydroamino acid residues were shown including various side chains, Z and E isomers, and main modifications: methylation of peptide bond as well as the introduction of ester group and heterocycle ring. The collected data show the relation between the structure and bioactivity. This allows the activity of compounds, which were not studied in this field, but which belong to a larger peptide family to be predicted. A few examples show that the type of the geometrical isomer of the α,β-dehydroamino acid residue can be important or even crucial for biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Siodłak
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Opole, Oleska, 48 45-052, Opole, Poland,
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12
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Wang L, Murai Y, Yoshida T, Okamoto M, Tachrim ZP, Hashidoko Y, Hashimoto M. Utilization of acidic α-amino acids as acyl donors: an effective stereo-controllable synthesis of aryl-keto α-amino acids and their derivatives. Molecules 2014; 19:6349-67. [PMID: 24840903 PMCID: PMC6271428 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19056349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Aryl-keto-containing α-amino acids are of great importance in organic chemistry and biochemistry. They are valuable intermediates for the construction of hydroxyl α-amino acids, nonproteinogenic α-amino acids, as well as other biofunctional components. Friedel-Crafts acylation is an effective method to prepare aryl-keto derivatives. In this review, we summarize the preparation of aryl-keto containing α-amino acids by Friedel-Crafts acylation using acidic α-amino acids as acyl-donors and Lewis acids or Brönsted acids as catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Yuta Murai
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Frontier Research Center for Post-Genome Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Kita 21, Nishi 11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Takuma Yoshida
- Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Masashi Okamoto
- Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Zetryana Puteri Tachrim
- Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Hashidoko
- Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Makoto Hashimoto
- Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan.
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13
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Lin CC, Tantisantisom W, McAlpine SR. Total synthesis and biological activity of natural product Urukthapelstatin A. Org Lett 2013; 15:3574-7. [PMID: 23819711 DOI: 10.1021/ol401412v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report the first total synthesis of the natural product Urkuthaplestatin A (Ustat A) utilizing a convergent synthetic strategy. The characterization and biological activity match those of the previously published natural product. Interestingly, several intermediates, including the linear and serine cyclized precursors, show a 100-fold decrease in cytotoxicity, with IC50's in the low micromolar range. These data indicate that the rigidity and the consecutive aromatic heterocyclic system are responsible for the biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chieh Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182-1030, USA
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14
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Yugandar S, Acharya A, Ila H. Synthesis of 2,5-Bis(hetero)aryl 4′-Substituted 4,5′-Bisoxazoles via Copper(I)-Catalyzed Domino Reactions of Activated Methylene Isocyanides with 2-Phenyl- and 2-(2-Thienyl)-4-[(aryl/heteroaryl)(methylthio)methylene]oxazol-5(4H)-ones. J Org Chem 2013; 78:3948-60. [DOI: 10.1021/jo400317g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Somaraju Yugandar
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur,
Bangalore-50064, India
| | - Anand Acharya
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur,
Bangalore-50064, India
| | - Hiriyakkanavar Ila
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur,
Bangalore-50064, India
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15
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Kim SJ, McAlpine SR. Solid phase versus solution phase synthesis of heterocyclic macrocycles. Molecules 2013; 18:1111-21. [PMID: 23325099 PMCID: PMC6269862 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18011111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2012] [Revised: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Comparing a solution phase route to a solid phase route in the synthesis of the cytotoxic natural product urukthapelstatin A (Ustat A) confirmed that a solid phase method is superior. The solution phase approach was tedious and involved cyclization of a ridged heterocyclic precursor, while solid phase allowed the rapid generation of a flexible linear peptide. Cyclization of the linear peptide was facile and subsequent generation of three oxazoles located within the structure of Ustat A proved relatively straightforward. Given the ease with which the oxazole Ustat A precursor is formed via our solid phase approach, this route is amenable to rapid analog synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shelli R. McAlpine
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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16
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Yang J, Pi W, Xiong L, Ang W, Yang T, He J, Liu Y, Chang Y, Ye W, Wang Z, Luo Y, Wei Y. 3H-1,2,4-Dithiazol-3-one compounds as novel potential affordable antitubercular agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:1424-7. [PMID: 23337602 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Small molecules with oxathiazol-2-one moiety were recently reported as potent inhibitors of Mycobacterium bovis var. bacilli Calmette-Guérin (BCG), among which HT1171 was the most potent and selective proteasome inhibitor. Herein we synthesized a series of novel compounds by bioisosteric replacement of the oxathiazol-2-one ring with 3H-1,2,4-dithiazol-3-one, and also fifteen 1,3,4-oxathiazol-2-one molecules in order for potency comparison and structure-activity relationship elucidation since their antibacterial effects on the virulent strains were not evaluated before. All the compounds were assessed for antitubercular activities on the virulent H37Rv strain by a serial dilution method. Among the tested compounds, 3H-1,2,4-dithiazol-3-one compound 4n was found to be the most active with a lowest MIC(90) value of 1 μg/mL. Furthermore, the cytotoxicities of all the compounds against normal human liver cell line L02 were determined by an MTT method. Compound 4n displayed a lower inhibitory ratio than HT1171 at the concentration of 100 μM, indicating its better safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
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17
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Abstract
We report our progress towards the synthesis of Urukthapelstatin A (Ustat A) and two analogues. Our retrosynthetic strategy involved the synthesis of three fragments: a tri-heteroaromatic moiety, a phenyl oxazole fragment, and a dipeptide. Described are the syntheses of three unique tri-heteroaromatic moieties. In addition, the corresponding linear precursors of Ustat A and two analogues are presented.
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18
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Singh EK, Ramsey DM, McAlpine SR. Total synthesis of trans,trans-Sanguinamide B and conformational isomers. Org Lett 2012; 14:1198-201. [PMID: 22356651 DOI: 10.1021/ol203290n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The first total synthesis of Sanguinamide B is reported, prepared via an efficient synthetic strategy. The natural product, trans,trans-Sanguinamide B (1), was generated in a thermodynamic ratio with trans,cis-Sanguinamide B (2) and cis,cis-Sanguinamide B (3). Complete conversion of the cis,cis-Sanguinamide B conformer (3) to the natural product (1) and the trans,cis- conformer (2) was achieved by heating to 170 °C. Biological evaluation indicated that the Sanguinamide B conformers disrupted the activity of a virulence determinant in P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erinprit K Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, California 92182-1030, USA
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19
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20
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Iida K, Tera M, Hirokawa T, Shin-Ya K, Nagasawa K. Synthesis of Macrocyclic Hexaoxazole (6OTD) Dimers, Containing Guanidine and Amine Functionalized Side Chains, and an Evaluation of Their Telomeric G4 Stabilizing Properties. J Nucleic Acids 2010; 2010. [PMID: 20700415 PMCID: PMC2911606 DOI: 10.4061/2010/217627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2010] [Accepted: 03/01/2010] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Structure-activity relationship studies were carried out on macrocyclic hexaoxazole (6OTD) dimers, whose core structure stabilizes telomeric G-quadruplexes (G4). Two new 6OTD dimers having side chain amine and guanidine functional groups were synthesized and evaluated for their stabilizing ability against a telomeric G4 DNA sequence. The results show that the 6OTD dimers interact with the DNA to form 1:1 complexes and stabilize the antiparallel G4 structure of DNA in the presence of potassium cation. The guanidine functionalized dimer displays a potent stabilizing ability of the G4 structure, as determined by using a FRET melting assay (ΔTm = 14°C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Iida
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science Faculty of Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
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21
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Zhang J, Polishchuk EA, Chen J, Ciufolini MA. Development of an oxazole conjunctive reagent and application to the total synthesis of siphonazoles. J Org Chem 2010; 74:9140-51. [PMID: 19950882 DOI: 10.1021/jo9018705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of 4-carbethoxy-5-methyl-2-(phenylsulfonyl)methyloxazole and its use in the elaboration of more complex oxazoles are described. A total synthesis of the unique natural products siphonazoles A and B, illustrates an application of this building block. A discussion of the biological activity of the siphonazoles is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
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22
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Shibata K, Yoshida M, Doi T, Takahashi T. Derivatization of a tris-oxazole using Pd-catalyzed coupling reactions of a 5-bromooxazole moiety. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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24
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25
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Chapter 5.5: Five-Membered Ring Systems: With N and S (Se) Atoms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-6380(09)70036-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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26
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Hernández D, Altuna M, Cuevas C, Aligué R, Albericio F, Alvarez M. Synthesis and antitumor activity of mechercharmycin A analogues. J Med Chem 2008; 51:5722-30. [PMID: 18763756 DOI: 10.1021/jm800513w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Several analogues of the cytotoxic thiopeptide IB-01211 or mechercharmycin A (1) have been synthesized. The cytotoxicity of 1 and the synthesized analogues were evaluated against a panel of three human tumor cell lines. Thiopeptide 1 and the most active derivatives 2 and 3c were chosen for further studies on effects on cell cycle progression and induction of apoptosis. Interestingly, the inhibition of cell division and activation of a programmed cell death by apoptosis were detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Hernández
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Science Park-University of Barcelona, Baldiri Reixac 10, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
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27
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Hernández D, Riego E, Albericio F, Álvarez M. Synthesis of Natural Product Derivatives Containing 2,4‐Concatenated Oxazoles. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200800111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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28
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Flegeau EF, Popkin ME, Greaney MF. Direct Arylation of Oxazoles at C2. A Concise Approach to Consecutively Linked Oxazoles. Org Lett 2008; 10:2717-20. [DOI: 10.1021/ol800869g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Ferrer Flegeau
- University of Edinburgh, School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline, Chemical Development, Old Powder Mills, Tonbridge, Kent, TN11 9AN, U.K
| | - Matthew E. Popkin
- University of Edinburgh, School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline, Chemical Development, Old Powder Mills, Tonbridge, Kent, TN11 9AN, U.K
| | - Michael F. Greaney
- University of Edinburgh, School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline, Chemical Development, Old Powder Mills, Tonbridge, Kent, TN11 9AN, U.K
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Deeley J, Bertram A, Pattenden G. Novel polyoxazole-based cyclopeptides from Streptomyces sp. Total synthesis of the cyclopeptide YM-216391 and synthetic studies towards telomestatin. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:1994-2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b802477d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hernández D, Riego E, Francesch A, Cuevas C, Albericio F, Álvarez M. Preparation of penta-azole containing cyclopeptides: challenges in macrocyclization. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.06.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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