1
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Richard F, Clark P, Hannam A, Keenan T, Jean A, Arseniyadis S. Pd-Catalysed asymmetric allylic alkylation of heterocycles: a user's guide. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:1936-1983. [PMID: 38206332 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00856h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
This review provides an in-depth analysis of recent advances and strategies employed in the Pd-catalysed asymmetric allylic alkylation (Pd-AAA) of nucleophilic prochiral heterocycles. The review is divided into sections each focused on a specific family of heterocycle, where optimisation data and reaction scope have been carefully analysed in order to bring forward specific reactivity and selectivity trends. The review eventually opens on how computer-based technologies could be used to predict an ideally matched catalytic system for any given substrate. This user-guide targets chemists from all horizons interested in running a Pd-AAA reaction for the preparation of highly enantioenriched heterocyclic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Richard
- Queen Mary University of London, Department of Chemistry, Mile End Road, E1 4NS, London, UK.
| | - Paul Clark
- Queen Mary University of London, Department of Chemistry, Mile End Road, E1 4NS, London, UK.
| | - Al Hannam
- Queen Mary University of London, Department of Chemistry, Mile End Road, E1 4NS, London, UK.
| | - Thomas Keenan
- Queen Mary University of London, Department of Chemistry, Mile End Road, E1 4NS, London, UK.
| | - Alexandre Jean
- Industrial Research Centre, Oril Industrie, 13 rue Desgenétais, 76210, Bolbec, France
| | - Stellios Arseniyadis
- Queen Mary University of London, Department of Chemistry, Mile End Road, E1 4NS, London, UK.
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2
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Stankevich KS, Cook MJ. A Highly Stereospecific Claisen-Sakurai Approach to Densely Functionalized Cyclopentenols. J Org Chem 2022; 87:12250-12256. [PMID: 36067340 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The formation of highly substituted cyclopentenols was developed using a Claisen-Sakurai reaction. Both elements of the reaction can be performed in a one-pot sequence that provides the corresponding cyclized products in high stereoselectivity. The stereochemical outcome is defined by a combination of Claisen stereospecificity and stereoelectronic effects in the Sakurai cyclization that promotes reactivity via an anti-SE' antiperiplanar transition state. This was determined by examination of the product stereochemistry and through detailed DFT analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia S Stankevich
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Matthew J Cook
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
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3
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Pàmies O, Margalef J, Cañellas S, James J, Judge E, Guiry PJ, Moberg C, Bäckvall JE, Pfaltz A, Pericàs MA, Diéguez M. Recent Advances in Enantioselective Pd-Catalyzed Allylic Substitution: From Design to Applications. Chem Rev 2021; 121:4373-4505. [PMID: 33739109 PMCID: PMC8576828 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This Review compiles the evolution, mechanistic understanding, and more recent advances in enantioselective Pd-catalyzed allylic substitution and decarboxylative and oxidative allylic substitutions. For each reaction, the catalytic data, as well as examples of their application to the synthesis of more complex molecules, are collected. Sections in which we discuss key mechanistic aspects for high selectivity and a comparison with other metals (with advantages and disadvantages) are also included. For Pd-catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution, the catalytic data are grouped according to the type of nucleophile employed. Because of the prominent position of the use of stabilized carbon nucleophiles and heteronucleophiles, many chiral ligands have been developed. To better compare the results, they are presented grouped by ligand types. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric decarboxylative reactions are mainly promoted by PHOX or Trost ligands, which justifies organizing this section in chronological order. For asymmetric oxidative allylic substitution the results are grouped according to the type of nucleophile used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Pàmies
- Universitat
Rovira i Virgili, Departament de
Química Física i Inorgànica, C/Marcel·lí Domingo, 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jèssica Margalef
- Universitat
Rovira i Virgili, Departament de
Química Física i Inorgànica, C/Marcel·lí Domingo, 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Santiago Cañellas
- Discovery
Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen-Cilag, S.A. Jarama 75A, 45007, Toledo, Spain
| | - Jinju James
- Centre
for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Eric Judge
- Centre
for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Patrick J. Guiry
- Centre
for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Christina Moberg
- KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, SE 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan-E. Bäckvall
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andreas Pfaltz
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel. St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Miquel A. Pericàs
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament
de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona. 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Diéguez
- Universitat
Rovira i Virgili, Departament de
Química Física i Inorgànica, C/Marcel·lí Domingo, 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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4
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Junk L, Kazmaier U. The Allylic Alkylation of Ketone Enolates. ChemistryOpen 2020; 9:929-952. [PMID: 32953384 PMCID: PMC7482671 DOI: 10.1002/open.202000175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylation of non-stabilized ketone enolates was thought for a long time to be not as efficient as the analogous reactions of stabilized enolates, e. g. of malonates and β-ketoesters. The field has experienced a rapid development during the last two decades, with a range of new, highly efficient protocols evolved. In this review, the early developments as well as current methods and applications of palladium-catalyzed ketone enolate allylations will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Junk
- Organic Chemistry ISaarland UniversityCampus C4.266123SaarbrückenGermany
| | - Uli Kazmaier
- Organic Chemistry ISaarland UniversityCampus C4.266123SaarbrückenGermany
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5
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Hafeman NJ, Loskot SA, Reimann CE, Pritchett BP, Virgil SC, Stoltz BM. The Total Synthesis of (-)-Scabrolide A. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:8585-8590. [PMID: 32223255 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The first total synthesis of the norcembranoid diterpenoid scabrolide A is disclosed. The route begins with the synthesis of two chiral pool-derived fragments, which undergo a convergent coupling to expediently introduce all 19 carbon atoms of the natural product. An intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction and an enone-olefin cycloaddition/fragmentation sequence are then employed to construct the fused [5-6-7] linear carbocyclic core of the molecule and complete the total synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Hafeman
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, MC 101-20, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Steven A Loskot
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, MC 101-20, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Christopher E Reimann
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, MC 101-20, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Beau P Pritchett
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, MC 101-20, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Scott C Virgil
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, MC 101-20, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Brian M Stoltz
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, MC 101-20, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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6
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Craig RA, Smith RC, Roizen JL, Jones AC, Virgil SC, Stoltz BM. Unified Enantioselective, Convergent Synthetic Approach toward the Furanobutenolide-Derived Polycyclic Norcembranoid Diterpenes: Synthesis of a Series of Ineleganoloids by Oxidation-State Manipulation of the Carbocyclic Core. J Org Chem 2019; 84:7722-7746. [PMID: 31066273 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Late-stage synthetic efforts to advance the enatio- and diastereoselectively constructed [6,7,5,5]-fused tetracyclic scaffold toward the polycyclic norditerpenoid ineleganolide are disclosed. The described investigations focus on oxidation-state manipulation around the central cycloheptane ring. Computational evaluation of ground-state energies of dihydroineleganolide is used to rationalize empirical observations and provide insight for further synthetic development, enhancing the understanding of the conformational constraints of these compact polycyclic structures. Advanced synthetic manipulations generated a series of natural product-like compounds termed the ineleganoloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Craig
- Warren and Katherine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , California 91125 , United States
| | - Russell C Smith
- Warren and Katherine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , California 91125 , United States
| | - Jennifer L Roizen
- Warren and Katherine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , California 91125 , United States
| | - Amanda C Jones
- Warren and Katherine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , California 91125 , United States
| | - Scott C Virgil
- Warren and Katherine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , California 91125 , United States
| | - Brian M Stoltz
- Warren and Katherine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , California 91125 , United States
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7
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Peter D, Brückner R. Syntheses of a Pair of Simplified Model Compounds of the Dihydroxycyclopentenone Core of the Kodaistatins A-D. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David Peter
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Reinhard Brückner
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
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8
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Legrave G, Youcef RA, Afonso D, Ferry A, Uziel J, Lubin-Germain N. Synthesis of C-pyrimidyl nucleosides starting from alkynyl ribofuranosides. Carbohydr Res 2018; 462:50-55. [PMID: 29684691 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of four C-pyrimidyl nucleosides is described by condensation of small nitrogen molecules (amidines and ureas) onto alkynyl riboside derivatives. These last compounds were obtained by indium mediated stereoselective alkynylation of suitably protected ribose derivatives and the condensation reaction conditions were studied in order to favor the N-attack of the nitrogen molecules leading to the pyrimidine ring formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégory Legrave
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique, EA 4505, University of Cergy-Pontoise, F-95000, Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | - Ramzi Ait Youcef
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique, EA 4505, University of Cergy-Pontoise, F-95000, Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | - Damien Afonso
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique, EA 4505, University of Cergy-Pontoise, F-95000, Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | - Angélique Ferry
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique, EA 4505, University of Cergy-Pontoise, F-95000, Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | - Jacques Uziel
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique, EA 4505, University of Cergy-Pontoise, F-95000, Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | - Nadège Lubin-Germain
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique, EA 4505, University of Cergy-Pontoise, F-95000, Cergy-Pontoise, France.
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9
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Craig RA, Smith RC, Roizen JL, Jones AC, Virgil SC, Stoltz BM. Development of a Unified Enantioselective, Convergent Synthetic Approach Toward the Furanobutenolide-Derived Polycyclic Norcembranoid Diterpenes: Asymmetric Formation of the Polycyclic Norditerpenoid Carbocyclic Core by Tandem Annulation Cascade. J Org Chem 2018; 83:3467-3485. [PMID: 29464957 PMCID: PMC5889334 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
An enantioselective and diastereoselective approach toward the synthesis of the tetracyclic scaffold of the furanobutenolide-derived polycyclic norditerpenoids is described. Focusing on synthetic efforts toward ineleganolide, the synthetic approach utilizes a palladium-catalyzed enantioselective allylic alkylation for the construction of the requisite chiral tertiary ether. A diastereoselective cyclopropanation-Cope rearrangement cascade enabled the convergent assembly of the ineleganolide [6,7,5,5]-tetracyclic scaffold. Investigation of substrates for this critical tandem annulation process is discussed along with synthetic manipulations of the [6,7,5,5]-tetracyclic scaffold and the attempted interconversion of the [6,7,5,5]-tetracyclic scaffold of ineleganolide to the isomeric [7,6,5,5]-core of scabrolide A and its naturally occurring isomers. Computational evaluation of ground-state energies of late-stage synthetic intermediates was used to guide synthetic development and aid in the investigation of the conformational rigidity of these highly constrained and compact polycyclic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A. Craig
- Warren and Katherine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Russell C. Smith
- Warren and Katherine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Jennifer L. Roizen
- Warren and Katherine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Amanda C. Jones
- Warren and Katherine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Scott C. Virgil
- Warren and Katherine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Brian M. Stoltz
- Warren and Katherine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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10
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Roizen JL, Jones AC, Smith RC, Virgil SC, Stoltz BM. Model Studies To Access the [6,7,5,5]-Core of Ineleganolide Using Tandem Translactonization-Cope or Cyclopropanation-Cope Rearrangements as Key Steps. J Org Chem 2017; 82:13051-13067. [PMID: 29111725 PMCID: PMC5732049 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we reported a convergent cyclopropanation-Cope approach to the core of ineleganolide, which was the first disclosed synthesis of the core of the norditerpene natural product ineleganolide. In this complementary work, a model system for the core of ineleganolide has been prepared through a series of tandem cyclopropanation-Cope and translactonization-Cope rearrangements. Work with this model system has enriched our understanding of the cyclopropanation-Cope rearrangement sequence. Additionally, research into this model system has driven the development of tandem translactonization-Cope rearrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Roizen
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, MC 101–20, Pasadena, CA 91125 (USA)
| | - Amanda C. Jones
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, MC 101–20, Pasadena, CA 91125 (USA)
| | - Russell C. Smith
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, MC 101–20, Pasadena, CA 91125 (USA)
| | - Scott C. Virgil
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, MC 101–20, Pasadena, CA 91125 (USA)
| | - Brian M. Stoltz
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, MC 101–20, Pasadena, CA 91125 (USA)
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11
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Craig RA, Stoltz BM. Polycyclic Furanobutenolide-Derived Cembranoid and Norcembranoid Natural Products: Biosynthetic Connections and Synthetic Efforts. Chem Rev 2017; 117:7878-7909. [PMID: 28520418 PMCID: PMC5497599 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The polycyclic furanobutenolide-derived cembranoid and norcembranoid natural products are a family of congested, stereochemically complex, and extensively oxygenated polycyclic diterpenes and norditerpenes. Although the elegant architectures and biological activity profiles of these natural products have captured the attention of chemists since the isolation of the first members of the family in the 1990s, the de novo synthesis of only a single polycyclic furanobutenolide-derived cembranoid and norcembranoid has been accomplished. This article begins with a brief discussion of the proposed biosyntheses and biosynthetic connections among the polycyclic furanobutenolide-derived cembranoids and norcembranoids and then provides a comprehensive review of the synthetic efforts toward each member of the natural product family, including biomimetic, semisynthetic, and de novo synthetic strategies. This body of knowledge has been gathered to provide insight into the reactivity and constraints of these compact and highly oxygenated polycyclic structures, as well as to offer guidance for future synthetic endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A. Craig
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Brian M. Stoltz
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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12
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Peter D, Brückner R. A New Approach to Models of the 4,5-Dihydroxycyclopentenone Core of the Kodaistatins A-D: Elucidation of the Diol Configuration in Kodaistatin A. Chemistry 2017; 23:12104-12109. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Peter
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Reinhard Brückner
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
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13
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Craig, II RA, Roizen JL, Smith RC, Jones AC, Virgil SC, Stoltz BM. Enantioselective, Convergent Synthesis of the Ineleganolide Core by a Tandem Annulation Cascade. Chem Sci 2017; 8:507-514. [PMID: 28239443 PMCID: PMC5321630 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc03347d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An enantioselective and diastereoselective approach toward the synthesis of the polycyclic norditerpenoid ineleganolide is disclosed. A palladium-catalyzed enantioselective allylic alkylation is employed to stereoselectively construct the requisite chiral tertiary ether and facilitate the synthesis of a 1,3-cis-cyclopentenediol building block. Careful substrate design enabled the convergent assembly of the ineleganolide [6,7,5,5]-tetracyclic scaffold by a diastereoselective cyclopropanation-Cope rearrangement cascade under unusually mild conditions. Computational evaluation of ground state energies of late-stage synthetic intermediates was used to guide synthetic development and aid in the investigation of the conformational rigidity of these highly constrained and compact polycyclic structures. This work represents the first successful synthesis of the core structure of any member of the polycyclic norcembranoid diterpene family of natural products. Advanced synthetic manipulations generated a series of natural product-like compounds that were shown to possess selective secretory antagonism of either interleukin-5 or interleukin-17. This bioactivity stands in contrast to the known antileukemic activity of ineleganolide and suggests the norcembranoid natural product core may serve as a useful scaffold for the development of diverse therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A. Craig, II
- Warren and Katherine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , California 91125 , USA .
| | - Jennifer L. Roizen
- Warren and Katherine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , California 91125 , USA .
| | - Russell C. Smith
- Warren and Katherine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , California 91125 , USA .
| | - Amanda C. Jones
- Warren and Katherine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , California 91125 , USA .
| | - Scott C. Virgil
- Warren and Katherine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , California 91125 , USA .
| | - Brian M. Stoltz
- Warren and Katherine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , California 91125 , USA .
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14
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Estipona BI, Pritchett BP, Craig RA, Stoltz BM. Catalytic enantioselective total synthesis of (+)-eucomic acid. Tetrahedron 2016; 72:3707-3712. [PMID: 27546916 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A catalytic enantioselective synthesis of (+)-eucomic acid is reported. A palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation is employed to access the chiral tetrasubstituted α-hydroxyacid moiety found in the natural product. The protecting group strategy was investigated, and a protecting group manipulation was made without any appreciable deleterious effects in the allylic alkylation reaction. Non-natural (+)-eucomic acid is synthesized in a longest linear sequence of 13 steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benzi I Estipona
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd MC 101-20, Pasadena, CA 91125, United States of America
| | - Beau P Pritchett
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd MC 101-20, Pasadena, CA 91125, United States of America
| | - Robert A Craig
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd MC 101-20, Pasadena, CA 91125, United States of America
| | - Brian M Stoltz
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd MC 101-20, Pasadena, CA 91125, United States of America
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15
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Craig RA, Smith RC, Pritchett BP, Estipona BI, Stoltz BM. Preparation of 1,5-Dioxaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 93:210-227. [PMID: 28729749 DOI: 10.15227/orgsyn.093.0210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Craig
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 101-20, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Russell C Smith
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 101-20, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Beau P Pritchett
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 101-20, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Benzi I Estipona
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 101-20, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Brian M Stoltz
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 101-20, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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Craig RA, Stoltz BM. Synthesis and Exploration of Electronically Modified ( R)-5,5-Dimethyl-( p-CF 3) 3- i-PrPHOX in Palladium-Catalyzed Enantio- and Diastereoselective Allylic Alkylation: A Practical Alternative to ( R)-( p-CF 3) 3- t-BuPHOX. Tetrahedron Lett 2015; 56:4670-4673. [PMID: 26257445 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of the novel electronically modified phosphinooxazoline (PHOX) ligand, (R)-5,5-dimethyl-(p-CF3)3-i-PrPHOX, is described. The utility of this PHOX ligand is explored in both enantio- and diastereoselective palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylations. These investigations prove (R)-5,5-dimethyl-(p-CF3)3-i-PrPHOX to be an effective and cost-efficient alternative to electronically modified PHOX ligands derived from the prohibitively expensive (R)-t-leucine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Craig
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, United States
| | - Brian M Stoltz
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, United States
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