1
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Wang J, Li YD, Ge Y, Xu HJ, Hu Y. Ligand-Accelerated Pd-Catalyzed C(sp 2)-H and C(sp 3)-H Arylation under the Catalytic System. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38863082 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
It is universally acknowledged that ligands can improve the reaction activity to simplify the reaction operating conditions and enrich the applicability of the reaction. Therefore, we developed N-octylglycine ligand-accelerated Pd-catalyzed ortho-arylation of benzoic acids under mild conditions with just 6 h; moreover, this N-octylglycine ligand was successfully implemented to carboxyl-directed Pd-catalyzed β-C(sp3)-H arylation and ortho-arylation of phenylacetic acids under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yao-Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ye Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hua-Jin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
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2
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Gao T, Yang Y, Hu L, Luo D, Zhang X, Xiong Y. Metal -free PhI(OAc) 2-oxidized decarboxylation of propiolic acids towards synthesis of α-acetoxy ketones and insights into general decarboxylation with DFT calculations. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:1457-1462. [PMID: 36651659 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob02281h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A metal-free oxidative decarboxylation reaction of propiolic acids mediated by hypervalent iodine(III) reagents is described. This decarboxylative C-O bond-forming reaction used a combination of (diacetoxyiodo)benzene and aromatic, heteroaromatic or aliphatic propiolic acids to give the corresponding α-acetoxy ketones. Preliminary mechanistic studies based on both DFT calculations and high-resolution mass spectroscopy (HRMS) suggested that the reaction proceeded through decarboxylation to form a propargyl iodide intermediate. This reaction provides an attractive alternative to existing methods for the exclusive synthesis of α-acyloxy ketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyong Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Yawen Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Liangzhen Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Dan Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Yan Xiong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center for High Value Transformation of Coal Chemical Process By-products, Xinjiang Institute of Engineering, Xinjiang 830091, China
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3
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Kubo M, Inayama N, Ota E, Yamaguchi J. Palladium-Catalyzed Tandem Ester Dance/Decarbonylative Coupling Reactions. Org Lett 2022; 24:3855-3860. [PMID: 35604648 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
"Dance reaction" on the aromatic ring is a powerful method in organic chemistry to translocate functional groups on arene scaffolds. Notably, dance reactions of halides and pseudohalides offer a unique platform for the divergent synthesis of substituted (hetero)aromatic compounds when combined with transition-metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. Herein, we report a tandem reaction of ester dance and decarbonylative coupling enabled by palladium catalysis. In this reaction, 1,2-translocation of the ester moiety on the aromatic ring is followed by decarbonylative coupling with nucleophiles to enable the installation of a variety of nucleophiles at the position adjacent to the ester in the starting material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Kubo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumakicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
| | - Naomi Inayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumakicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
| | - Eisuke Ota
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumakicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
| | - Junichiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumakicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
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4
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Dutta S, Bhattacharya T, Geffers FJ, Bürger M, Maiti D, Werz DB. Pd-catalysed C-H functionalisation of free carboxylic acids. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2551-2573. [PMID: 35340865 PMCID: PMC8890104 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05392b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pd-catalysed C-H functionalisation of free carboxylic acids has drawn significant attention over the last few years due to the predominance of carboxylic acid moieties in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. But their coordinating ability was overlooked and masked by exogenous directing groups for a long time. Even other crucial roles of carboxylic acids as additives and steric inducers that directly influence the mode of a reaction have been widely neglected. This review aims to embrace all of the diverse aspects of carboxylic acids except additive and steric effects by concisely and systematically describing their versatile role in Pd-catalysed proximal and distal C-H activation reactions that could be implemented in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries. In addition, the mechanistic perspectives along with several recent strategies developed in the last few years discussed here will serve as educational resources for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suparna Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India https://www.dmaiti.com
| | - Trisha Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India https://www.dmaiti.com
| | - Finn J Geffers
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany https://www.werzlab.de
| | - Marcel Bürger
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany https://www.werzlab.de
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India https://www.dmaiti.com
| | - Daniel B Werz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany https://www.werzlab.de
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5
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Maeng C, Lee PH. Synthesis of azulenolactones through sequential C(2)‐bromoarylation and intramolecular CO bond formation from azulene‐1‐carboxylic acids and di(2‐bromoaryl)iodonium salts in
one pot. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chanyoung Maeng
- Department of Chemistry Kangwon National University Chuncheon Republic of Korea
| | - Phil Ho Lee
- Department of Chemistry Kangwon National University Chuncheon Republic of Korea
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6
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Dharani S, Kalaiarasi G, Lynch VM, Srinivasan K, Prabhakaran R. C–H activation and subsequent C–C bond formation in rigid alkenes catalyzed by Ru( iii) metallates. REACT CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2re00317a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Pyrazolone derived Ru(iii) complexes were synthesized and applied as catalysts in the C–H activation reaction of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds. In addition to Heck type coupling, ethanol mediated ethoxylation was also witnessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Dharani
- Department of Chemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India
| | - G. Kalaiarasi
- Department of Chemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India
| | - Vincent M. Lynch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712-1224, USA
| | - K. Srinivasan
- Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India
| | - R. Prabhakaran
- Department of Chemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India
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7
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Zhang H, Cormanich RA, Wirth T. Chiral Ligands in Hypervalent Iodine Compounds: Synthesis and Structures of Binaphthyl-Based λ 3 -Iodanes. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103623. [PMID: 34783401 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Several novel binaphthyl-based chiral hypervalent iodine(III) reagents have been prepared and structurally analysed. Various asymmetric oxidative reactions were applied to evaluate the reactivities and stereoselectivities of those reagents. Moderate to excellent yields were observed; however, very low stereoselectivities were obtained. NMR experiments indicated that these reagents are very easily hydrolysed in either chloroform or DMSO solvents leading to the limited stereoselectivities. It is concluded that the use of chiral ligands is an unsuccessful way to prepare efficient stereoselective iodine(III) reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaiyuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Main Building, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.,Lanzhou Petrochemical University of Vocational Technology, Lanzhou, 730060, P. R. China
| | - Rodrigo A Cormanich
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Thomas Wirth
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Main Building, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
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8
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Sinha SK, Guin S, Maiti S, Biswas JP, Porey S, Maiti D. Toolbox for Distal C-H Bond Functionalizations in Organic Molecules. Chem Rev 2021; 122:5682-5841. [PMID: 34662117 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal catalyzed C-H activation has developed a contemporary approach to the omnipresent area of retrosynthetic disconnection. Scientific researchers have been tempted to take the help of this methodology to plan their synthetic discourses. This paradigm shift has helped in the development of industrial units as well, making the synthesis of natural products and pharmaceutical drugs step-economical. In the vast zone of C-H bond activation, the functionalization of proximal C-H bonds has gained utmost popularity. Unlike the activation of proximal C-H bonds, the distal C-H functionalization is more strenuous and requires distinctly specialized techniques. In this review, we have compiled various methods adopted to functionalize distal C-H bonds, mechanistic insights within each of these procedures, and the scope of the methodology. With this review, we give a complete overview of the expeditious progress the distal C-H activation has made in the field of synthetic organic chemistry while also highlighting its pitfalls, thus leaving the field open for further synthetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Kumar Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Srimanta Guin
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Sudip Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Jyoti Prasad Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Sandip Porey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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9
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Li Y, Yuan B, Sun Z, Zhang W. C–H bond functionalization reactions enabled by photobiocatalytic cascades. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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10
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Yang S, Dai C, Chen Y, Jiang Y, Shu S, Huang Z, Zhao Y. Ruthenium(II)‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Benzoyl Formic Acids with Toluenes: Synthesis of 2‐Phenylacetophenones. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical, Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 199 Renai Street Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Chenyang Dai
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical, Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 199 Renai Street Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Yujie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical, Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 199 Renai Street Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Yaqiqi Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical, Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 199 Renai Street Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Sai Shu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical, Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 199 Renai Street Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Zhibin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical, Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 199 Renai Street Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Yingsheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical, Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 199 Renai Street Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University Xinxiang 453000 China
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11
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Das J, Mal DK, Maji S, Maiti D. Recent Advances in External-Directing-Group-Free C–H Functionalization of Carboxylic Acids without Decarboxylation. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jayabrata Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Dibya Kanti Mal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Suman Maji
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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12
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Tlahuext-Aca A, Lee SY, Sakamoto S, Hartwig JF. Direct Arylation of Simple Arenes with Aryl Bromides by Synergistic Silver and Palladium Catalysis. ACS Catal 2021; 11:1430-1434. [PMID: 34790433 PMCID: PMC8594911 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c05254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The direct, catalytic arylation of simple arenes in small excess with aryl bromides is disclosed. The developed method does not require the assistance of directing groups and relies on a synergistic catalytic cycle in which phosphine-ligated silver complexes cleave the aryl C-H bond, while palladium catalysts enable the formation of the biaryl products. Mechanistic experiments, including kinetic isotope effects, competition experiments, and hydrogen-deuterium exchange, support a catalytic cycle in which cleavage of the C-H bond by silver is the rate-determining step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Tlahuext-Aca
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Sarah Yunmi Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Shu Sakamoto
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - John F Hartwig
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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13
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Rani G, Luxami V, Paul K. Traceless directing groups: a novel strategy in regiodivergent C-H functionalization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:12479-12521. [PMID: 32985634 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04863a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The use of functional groups as internal ligands for assisting C-H functionalization, termed the chelation assisted strategy, is emerging as one of the most powerful tools for construction of C-C and C-X bonds from inert C-H bonds. However, there are various directing groups which cannot be either removed after functionalization or require some additional steps or reagents for their removal, thereby limiting the scope of structural diversity of the products, and the step and atom economy of the system. These limitations are overcome by the use of the traceless directing group (TDG) strategy wherein functionalization of the substrate and removal of the directing group can be carried out in a one pot fashion. Traceless directing groups serve as the most ideal chelation assisted strategy with a high degree of reactivity and selectivity without any requirement for additional steps for their removal. The present review overviews the use of various functional groups such as carboxylic acids, aldehydes, N-oxides, nitrones, N-nitroso amines, amides, sulfoxonium ylides and silicon tethered directing groups for assisting transition metal catalyzed C-H functionalization reactions in the last decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetika Rani
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala-147001, India.
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14
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Maeng C, Seo HJ, Jeong H, Lee K, Noh HC, Lee PH. Iridium(III)-Catalyzed Sequential C(2)-Arylation and Intramolecular C–O Bond Formation from Azulenecarboxylic Acids and Diaryliodonium Salts Access to Azulenofuranones. Org Lett 2020; 22:7267-7272. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chanyoung Maeng
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Jin Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Haneal Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungsup Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Chan Noh
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Phil Ho Lee
- The Korean Academy of Science and Technology, Seongnam 13630, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Mao Png
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Teck Lip Dexter Tam
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Jianwei Xu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634, Singapore
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
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16
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Just-Baringo X, Shin Y, Panigrahi A, Zarattini M, Nagyte V, Zhao L, Kostarelos K, Casiraghi C, Larrosa I. Palladium catalysed C-H arylation of pyrenes: access to a new class of exfoliating agents for water-based graphene dispersions. Chem Sci 2020; 11:2472-2478. [PMID: 34084412 PMCID: PMC8157272 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05101e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
A new and diverse family of pyrene derivatives was synthesised via palladium-catalysed C-H ortho-arylation of pyrene-1-carboxylic acid. The strategy affords easy access to a broad scope of 2-substituted and 1,2-disubstituted pyrenes. The C1-substituent can be easily transformed into carboxylic acid, iodide, alkynyl, aryl or alkyl functionalities. This approach gives access to arylated pyrene ammonium salts, which outperformed their non-arylated parent compound during aqueous Liquid Phase Exfoliation (LPE) of graphite and compare favourably to state-of-the-art sodium pyrene-1-sulfonate PS1. This allowed the production of concentrated and stable suspensions of graphene flakes in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Just-Baringo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Yuyoung Shin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Adyasha Panigrahi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Marco Zarattini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Vaiva Nagyte
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester AV Hill Building, Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Cinzia Casiraghi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Igor Larrosa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
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17
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Li L, Song F, Zhong X, Wu Y, Zhang X, Chen J, Huang Y. Ligand‐Controlled C−O Bond Coupling of Carboxylic Acids and Aryl Iodides: Experimental and Computational Insights. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical GenomicsPeking University, Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Feifei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical GenomicsPeking University, Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China
| | | | - Yun‐Dong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical GenomicsPeking University, Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Xinhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical GenomicsPeking University, Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Jiean Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical GenomicsPeking University, Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Yong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical GenomicsPeking University, Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China
- Department of ChemistryThe Hong Kong University of Science of Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon
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18
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Garrec J, Cordier M, Frison G, Prévost S. Palladium-Catalyzed C8-Arylation of Naphthalenes through C-H Activation: A Combined Experimental and Computational Study. Chemistry 2019; 25:14441-14446. [PMID: 31478579 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a direct C8-arylation reaction of 1-amidonaphthalenes is described. By using diaryliodonium salts as arylating agents, the palladium-catalyzed C-H activation reaction showed perfect C8 regioselectivity and a wide functional group tolerance. In most cases, the desired polyaromatic compounds were isolated in good to excellent yields. To explain the observed regioselectivity, DFT calculations were performed and highlighted the crucial role of the amide directing group. Finally, the utility of this method is showcased by the synthesis of benzanthrone derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Garrec
- Unité Chimie et Procédés, ENSTA, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau, France
| | - Marie Cordier
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau, France.,Present address: Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Université de Rennes, Campus de Baulieu, 35042, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Gilles Frison
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau, France
| | - Sébastien Prévost
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, Ecole Polytechnique, ENSTA, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau, France
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19
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Li S, Wang H, Weng Y, Li G. Carboxy Group as a Remote and Selective Chelating Group for C−H Activation of Arenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201910691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shangda Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) 155 West Yang-Qiao Road Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Hang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) 155 West Yang-Qiao Road Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Yunxiang Weng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology of Ministry of EducationDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Gang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) 155 West Yang-Qiao Road Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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20
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Li S, Wang H, Weng Y, Li G. Carboxy Group as a Remote and Selective Chelating Group for C−H Activation of Arenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:18502-18507. [PMID: 31595622 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shangda Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) 155 West Yang-Qiao Road Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Hang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) 155 West Yang-Qiao Road Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Yunxiang Weng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology of Ministry of EducationDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Gang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) 155 West Yang-Qiao Road Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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21
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Xiang JC, Wu ZJ, Gu Q, You SL. Palladium-Catalyzed C-H Diarylation of Ferrocenecarboxylic Acids with Aryl Iodides. J Org Chem 2019; 84:13144-13149. [PMID: 31342746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed C-H diarylation of ferrocenes is described. In the presence of 10 mol % Pd(OAc)2, direct C-H diarylation reactions of commercially available ferrocenecarboxylic acid with aryl iodides proceeded smoothly to afford diarylated ferrocenes bearing a variety of functional groups in moderate to good yields. The carboxylic group could also act as a remote directing group to result in the third arylation on the other Cp ring of ferrocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Chen Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Lu , Shanghai 200032 , China.,Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079 , China
| | - Zhi-Jie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Lu , Shanghai 200032 , China.,School of Physical Science and Technology , ShanghaiTech University , 100 Haike Road , Shanghai 201210 , China
| | - Qing Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Lu , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Lu , Shanghai 200032 , China.,School of Physical Science and Technology , ShanghaiTech University , 100 Haike Road , Shanghai 201210 , China
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22
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Weber P, Rank CK, Yalcinkaya E, Dyga M, van Lingen T, Schmid R, Patureau FW, Gooßen LJ. Rhodium‐Catalyzed
ortho
‐Arylation of (Hetero)aromatic Acids. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Weber
- Evonik Chair of Organic Chemistry Ruhr-Universität Bochum, ZEMOS Universitätsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Christian K. Rank
- FB Chemie – Organische Chemie TU Kaiserslautern Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. Geb. 52 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany
- Present address: Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Enis Yalcinkaya
- Evonik Chair of Organic Chemistry Ruhr-Universität Bochum, ZEMOS Universitätsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Marco Dyga
- Evonik Chair of Organic Chemistry Ruhr-Universität Bochum, ZEMOS Universitätsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Tim van Lingen
- Evonik Chair of Organic Chemistry Ruhr-Universität Bochum, ZEMOS Universitätsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Rochus Schmid
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry 2 – Computational Materials Chemistry Group Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Frederic W. Patureau
- FB Chemie – Organische Chemie TU Kaiserslautern Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. Geb. 52 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany
- Present address: Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Lukas J. Gooßen
- Evonik Chair of Organic Chemistry Ruhr-Universität Bochum, ZEMOS Universitätsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
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23
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Shan C, Zhu L, Qu LB, Bai R, Lan Y. Mechanistic view of Ru-catalyzed C-H bond activation and functionalization: computational advances. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:7552-7576. [PMID: 30182110 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00036k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ru-Catalyzed aromatic C-H bond activation and functionalization have emerged as important topics because they have resulted in remarkable progress in organic synthesis. Both experimental and theoretical studies of their mechanisms are important for the design of new synthetic methodologies. In this review, a mechanistic view of the Ru-mediated C-H bond cleavage step is first given to reveal the C-H bond activation modes, including oxidative addition, metathesis and base-assisted deprotonation. In this process, directing groups play an important role in determining the reactivity of the C-H bond. The C-H bond activation generally leads to the formation of a Ru-C bond, which is further functionalized in the subsequent steps. The mechanisms of Ru-catalyzed arylation, alkylation, and alkenylation of arenes are summarized, and these transformations can be categorized into cross-coupling with electrophiles or oxidative coupling with nucleophiles. In addition, the mechanism of ortho-ruthenation-enabled remote C-H bond functionalization is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Shan
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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24
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Font M, Spencer ARA, Larrosa I. meta-C-H arylation of fluoroarenes via traceless directing group relay strategy. Chem Sci 2018; 9:7133-7137. [PMID: 30310635 PMCID: PMC6137440 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc02417k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
While several methods for the ortho selective arylation of fluoroarenes, meta-functionalisation has never been achieved. We report a new methodology, based on the traceless directing group relay concept, leading to the first meta-selective (hetero)arylation of fluoroarenes. In this strategy, CO2 is introduced as a transient directing group, to control a Pd-catalysed arylation meta to the fluoro functionality, prior to its release in a sequential, one-pot fashion. This method has shown compatibility with a number of functional groups and substitution patterns in both the fluoroarene core and aryl iodide coupling partners, and proceeds with complete meta-selectivity and mono vs. bis-arylation selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Font
- School of Chemistry , University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK .
| | - Andrew R A Spencer
- School of Chemistry , University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK .
| | - Igor Larrosa
- School of Chemistry , University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK .
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25
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Tulichala RNP, Shankar M, Swamy KCK. Palladium-Catalyzed Decarboxylative ortho-Amidation of Indole-3-carboxylic Acids with Isothiocyanates Using Carboxyl as a Deciduous Directing Group. J Org Chem 2018; 83:4375-4383. [PMID: 29554415 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed ortho-amidation of indole-3-carboxylic acids with isothiocyanates by using the deciduous directing group nature of carboxyl functionality to afford indole-2-amides is demonstrated. Both C-H functionalization and decarboxylation took place in one pot, and hence, this carboxyl group served as a unique, deciduous (or traceless) directing group. This reaction offers a broad substrate scope as demonstrated for several other heterocyclic carboxylic acids like chromene-3-carboxylic acid, imidazo[1,2- a]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid, pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid, and thiophene-2-carboxylic acid. In the reaction using 2-naphthoic acid, of the two possible isomers, only one isomer of the amide was exclusively formed. The indole-2-amide product underwent palladium-catalyzed C-H functionalization to afford the diindole-fused 2-pyridones by combining two molecules of the indole moiety, with the elimination of an amide group from one of them, attached at the C3-position for the C-C/C-N bond formation. The structures of key products are confirmed by X-ray crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- R N Prasad Tulichala
- School of Chemistry , University of Hyderabad , Hyderabad , Telangana 500 046 , India
| | - Mallepalli Shankar
- School of Chemistry , University of Hyderabad , Hyderabad , Telangana 500 046 , India
| | - K C Kumara Swamy
- School of Chemistry , University of Hyderabad , Hyderabad , Telangana 500 046 , India
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26
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Tsai HC, Huang YH, Chou CM. Rapid Access to Ortho-Alkylated Vinylarenes from Aromatic Acids by Dearomatization and Tandem Decarboxylative C–H Olefination/Rearomatization. Org Lett 2018; 20:1328-1332. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Chang Tsai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National University of Kaohsiung, 700 Kaohsiung University Road,
Nanzih District, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsiang Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National University of Kaohsiung, 700 Kaohsiung University Road,
Nanzih District, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Chou
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National University of Kaohsiung, 700 Kaohsiung University Road,
Nanzih District, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
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27
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Bhunia A, Studer A. Synthesis of Highly Substituted Arenes via Cyclohexadiene–Alkene C–H Cross Coupling and Aromatization. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anup Bhunia
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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28
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Microwave-Assisted Silver-Catalyzed Protodecarboxylation and Decarboxylative Iodination of Aromatic Carboxylic Acids. Catalysts 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/catal7110314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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29
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Kumar NYP, Rogge T, Yetra SR, Bechtoldt A, Clot E, Ackermann L. Mild Decarboxylative C−H Alkylation: Computational Insights for Solvent-Robust Ruthenium(II) Domino Manifold. Chemistry 2017; 23:17449-17453. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Y. Phani Kumar
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstrasse 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Torben Rogge
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstrasse 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Santhivardhana Reddy Yetra
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstrasse 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Alexander Bechtoldt
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstrasse 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Eric Clot
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR 5253 CNRS-UM-ENSCM; Université de Montpellier, cc 1501; Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier, Cedex 5 France
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstrasse 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
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30
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Tan E, Konovalov AI, Fernández GA, Dorel R, Echavarren AM. Ruthenium-Catalyzed Peri- and Ortho-Alkynylation with Bromoalkynes via Insertion and Elimination. Org Lett 2017; 19:5561-5564. [PMID: 28976200 PMCID: PMC5679662 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The alkynylation of naphthols takes place with total regiocontrol at the peri position of the hydroxyl group in the presence of [RuCl2(p-cymene)]2 as the catalyst. This reaction features high functional group tolerance. The related ortho-alkynylation of benzoic acids proceeds under similar conditions and also shows wide functional group tolerance. Both reactions proceed through metalation, insertion of the alkyne, and bromide elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Tan
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Andrey I Konovalov
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Gabriela A Fernández
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ruth Dorel
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili , C/Marcel·li Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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31
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Mandal A, Sahoo H, Dana S, Baidya M. Ruthenium(II)-Catalyzed Hydroarylation of Maleimides Using Carboxylic Acids as a Traceless Directing Group. Org Lett 2017; 19:4138-4141. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anup Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Harekrishna Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Suman Dana
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mahiuddin Baidya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, Tamil Nadu, India
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32
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Liang X, Duttwyler S. Efficient Brønsted-Acid-Catalyzed Deuteration of Arenes and Their Transformation to Functionalized Deuterated Products. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201700218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Liang
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; 38 Zheda Road 310027 Hangzhou P.R. China
| | - Simon Duttwyler
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; 38 Zheda Road 310027 Hangzhou P.R. China
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33
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Yu JL, Zhang SQ, Hong X. Mechanisms and Origins of Chemo- and Regioselectivities of Ru(II)-Catalyzed Decarboxylative C-H Alkenylation of Aryl Carboxylic Acids with Alkynes: A Computational Study. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:7224-7243. [PMID: 28498678 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b00714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms and chemo- and regioselectivities of Ru(II)-catalyzed decarboxylative C-H alkenylation of aryl carboxylic acids with alkynes were investigated with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The catalytic cycle involves sequential carboxylate-directed C-H activation, alkyne insertion, decarboxylation and protonation. The facile tether-assisted decarboxylation step directs the intermediate toward the desired decarboxylative alkenylation, instead of typical annulation and double alkenylation pathways. The decarboxylation barrier is very sensitive to the tether length, and only the seven-membered ring intermediate can selectively undergo the designed decarboxylation, suggesting a tether-dependent chemoselectivity. This tether-dependent chemoselectivity also applies to the alkyl tethers. In addition, the polarity of solvent is found to control the chemoselectivity between the decarboxylative alkenylation and [4 + 2] annulation. Solvent with low polarity (toluene) favors the decarboxylation pathway, leading to the decarboxylative alkenylation. Solvent with high polarity (methanol) favors the ionic stepwise C-O reductive elimination pathway, leading to the [4 + 2] annulation. To understand the origins of regioselectivity with asymmetric alkynes, the distortion/interaction analysis was applied to the alkyne insertion transition states, and led to a predictive frontier molecular orbital model. The asymmetric alkynes selectively use the terminal with the larger HOMO orbital coefficient to form the C-C bond in the insertion step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Lu Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shuo-Qing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xin Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, China
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34
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Su L, Guo DD, Li B, Guo SH, Pan GF, Gao YR, Wang YQ. Palladium-Catalyzed Direct Monoarylation of Aryl C−H Bonds with Iodoarenes. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201700138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Su
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional, Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education; Department of Chemistry & Materials Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 P.R.China)
| | - Dong-Dong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional, Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education; Department of Chemistry & Materials Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 P.R.China)
| | - Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional, Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education; Department of Chemistry & Materials Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 P.R.China)
| | - Shi-Huan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional, Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education; Department of Chemistry & Materials Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 P.R.China)
| | - Gao-Fei Pan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional, Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education; Department of Chemistry & Materials Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 P.R.China)
| | - Ya-Ru Gao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional, Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education; Department of Chemistry & Materials Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 P.R.China)
| | - Yong-Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional, Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education; Department of Chemistry & Materials Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 P.R.China)
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35
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Simonetti M, Cannas DM, Panigrahi A, Kujawa S, Kryjewski M, Xie P, Larrosa I. Ruthenium-Catalyzed C-H Arylation of Benzoic Acids and Indole Carboxylic Acids with Aryl Halides. Chemistry 2017; 23:549-553. [PMID: 27798824 PMCID: PMC5412846 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report the first Ru-catalyzed C-H arylation of benzoic acids with readily available aryl (pseudo)halides. The reaction, which does not require the use of silver salt additives, allows the arylation of previously challenging hindered benzoic acids and the use of generally unreactive ortho-substituted halorarenes. Furthermore, our new protocol can efficiently be applied to indole carboxylic acids, thus allowing access to C7-, C6-, C5- and C4-arylated indole compounds, a departure from the classical enhanced reactivity of the C2 and C3 positions of indole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Simonetti
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Diego M. Cannas
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Adyasha Panigrahi
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Szymon Kujawa
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Michal Kryjewski
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryPoznan University of Medical SciencesGrunwaldzka 660-780PoznanPoland
| | - Pan Xie
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Igor Larrosa
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
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36
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Li S, Deng GJ, Yin F, Li CJ, Gong H. Rhodium-catalyzed regiospecific C–H ortho-phenylation of benzoic acids with Cu/air as an oxidant. Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6qo00663a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
An efficient and practical synthetic approach for the regiospecific C–H ortho-phenylation of aromatic carboxylic acids in the absence of silver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiguang Li
- The Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of the Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
- China
| | - Guo-Jun Deng
- The Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of the Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
- China
| | - Feifei Yin
- The Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of the Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
- China
| | - Chao-Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry and FQRNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis
- McGill University
- Montreal
- Canada
| | - Hang Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of the Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
- China
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37
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Font M, Quibell JM, Perry GJP, Larrosa I. The use of carboxylic acids as traceless directing groups for regioselective C–H bond functionalisation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:5584-5597. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc01755c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This feature article focuses on the use of carboxylic acids as traceless directing groups and the application of this concept to achieve regiochemical control in organic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Font
- School of Chemistry
- University of Manchester
- Manchester
- UK
| | | | | | - Igor Larrosa
- School of Chemistry
- University of Manchester
- Manchester
- UK
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38
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Simonetti M, Cannas DM, Larrosa I. Biaryl Synthesis via C–H Bond Activation. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adomc.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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39
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Hu J, Li G, Huang ZB, Zhang J, Shi DQ, Zhao Y. Pd-Catalyzed thiophene directed regioselective functionalization of arenes: a direct approach to multiply-substituted benzyl amines. Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00236j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A thiophene directed ortho-C–H functionalization via a palladium catalyst in the synthesis of multiply-substituted benzyl amines has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jundie Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Guobao Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Zhi-Bin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- College of Physics
- Optoelectronics and Energy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215006
- China
| | - Da-Qing Shi
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Yingsheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
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40
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Bettadapur KR, Lanke V, Prabhu KR. A deciduous directing group approach for the addition of aryl and vinyl nucleophiles to maleimides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:6251-6254. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc02392h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A Rh(iii)-catalyzed C–H activation followed by conjugate addition to maleimides, using carboxylic acid as a traceless/deciduous directing group, to formally furnish a Csp2–Csp3 bond is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran R. Bettadapur
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore 560 012
- India
| | - Veeranjaneyulu Lanke
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore 560 012
- India
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41
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Arun V, Pilania M, Kumar D. Access to 2-Arylindoles via Decarboxylative C−C Coupling in Aqueous Medium and to Heteroaryl Carboxylates under Base-Free Conditions using Diaryliodonium Salts. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:3345-3349. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201601290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Velladurai Arun
- Department of Chemistry; Birla Institute of Technology and Science; Pilani- 333031 Rajasthan India
| | - Meenakshi Pilania
- Department of Chemistry; Birla Institute of Technology and Science; Pilani- 333031 Rajasthan India
| | - Dalip Kumar
- Department of Chemistry; Birla Institute of Technology and Science; Pilani- 333031 Rajasthan India
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42
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Mei R, Zhu C, Ackermann L. Ruthenium(ii)-catalyzed C-H functionalizations on benzoic acids with aryl, alkenyl and alkynyl halides by weak-O-coordination. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:13171-13174. [PMID: 27768150 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc07773k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
C-H arylations of weakly coordinating benzoic acids were achieved by versatile ruthenium(ii) catalysis with ample substrate scope. Thus, user-friendly ruthenium(ii) biscarboxylate complexes modified with tricyclohexylphosphine enabled C-H functionalizations with aryl electrophiles. The unique versatility of the ruthenium(ii) catalysis manifold was reflected by facilitating effective C-H activations with aryl, alkenyl and alkynyl halides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhuai Mei
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Goettingen, Germany.
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43
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Huang L, Weix DJ. Ruthenium-Catalyzed C-H Arylation of Diverse Aryl Carboxylic Acids with Aryl and Heteroaryl Halides. Org Lett 2016; 18:5432-5435. [PMID: 27736085 PMCID: PMC5079292 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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Ruthenium ligated
to tricyclohexylphosphine or di-tert-butylbipyridine
catalyzes the arylation of carboxylic acids with
diverse aryl halides (iodide, bromide, and triflate; aryl and heteroaryl).
In addition, arylations with 2-iodophenol formed benzochromenones,
carboxylate was shown to be a stronger donor than an amide, and the
arylation of a pyridine carboxylate was demonstrated. Stoichiometric
studies demonstrated that the added ligand is required for reaction
with the electrophile but not the C–H bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangbin Huang
- University of Rochester , Rochester, New York 14627-0216, United States
| | - Daniel J Weix
- University of Rochester , Rochester, New York 14627-0216, United States
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44
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Pichette Drapeau M, Gooßen LJ. Carboxylic Acids as Directing Groups for C-H Bond Functionalization. Chemistry 2016; 22:18654-18677. [PMID: 27730686 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The selective transformation of C-H bonds is one of the most desirable approaches to creating complexity from simple building blocks. Several directing groups are efficient in controlling the regioselectivity of catalytic C-H bond functionalizations. Among them, carboxylic acids are particularly advantageous, since they are widely available in great structural diversity and at low cost. The carboxylate directing groups can be tracelessly cleaved or may serve as the anchor point for further functionalization through decarboxylative couplings. This Minireview summarizes the substantial progress made in the last few years in the development of reactions in which carboxylate groups direct C-H bond functionalizations with formation of C-C, C-O, C-N, or C-halogen bonds at specific positions. It is divided into sections on C-C, C-O, C-N, and C-halogen bond formation, each of which is subdivided by reactions and product classes. Particular emphasis is placed on methods that enable multiple derivatizations by combining carboxylate-directed C-H functionalization with decarboxylative couplings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Pichette Drapeau
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie I, ZEMOS, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lukas J Gooßen
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie I, ZEMOS, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
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45
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Kumar NYP, Bechtoldt A, Raghuvanshi K, Ackermann L. Ruthenium(II)-Catalyzed Decarboxylative C−H Activation: Versatile Routes tometa-Alkenylated Arenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:6929-32. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201600490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Y. Phani Kumar
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Alexander Bechtoldt
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Keshav Raghuvanshi
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
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46
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Kumar NYP, Bechtoldt A, Raghuvanshi K, Ackermann L. Ruthenium(II)-Catalyzed Decarboxylative C−H Activation: Versatile Routes tometa-Alkenylated Arenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201600490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Y. Phani Kumar
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Alexander Bechtoldt
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Keshav Raghuvanshi
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
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47
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Luo J, Preciado S, Araromi SO, Larrosa I. A Domino Oxidation/Arylation/Protodecarboxylation Reaction of Salicylaldehydes: Expanded Access to meta-Arylphenols. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:347-50. [PMID: 26097094 PMCID: PMC4744983 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201500506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A method that allows salicylaldehydes to be efficiently transformed into meta-arylated phenol derivatives through a cascade oxidation/arylation/protodecarboxylation sequence is presented. We demonstrate that the aldehyde functional group can be used as a convenient removable directing group to control site selectivity in C-H activation. Aldehydes are easily introduced into the starting materials and the group is readily cleaved after the C-H functionalization event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfei Luo
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- School of Biological and Chemical Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Sara Preciado
- School of Biological and Chemical Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Solomon Olatokunbo Araromi
- School of Biological and Chemical Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Igor Larrosa
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
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48
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Vanjari R, Guntreddi T, Singh KN. Palladium-Catalyzed Site-Selective C−H Functionalization of Weakly Coordinating Sulfonamides: Synthesis of Biaryl Sulfonamides. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:696-9. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201501385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajeshwer Vanjari
- Department of Chemistry (Centre of Advanced Study); Faculty of Science; Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi- 221005 India
| | - Tirumaleswararao Guntreddi
- Department of Chemistry (Centre of Advanced Study); Faculty of Science; Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi- 221005 India
| | - Krishna Nand Singh
- Department of Chemistry (Centre of Advanced Study); Faculty of Science; Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi- 221005 India
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49
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Liu KM, Zhang R, Duan XF. Room-temperature cobalt-catalyzed arylation of aromatic acids: overriding the ortho-selectivity via the oxidative assembly of carboxylate and aryl titanate reagents using oxygen. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:1593-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02496j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A room temperature phosphine or NHC ligand-free cobalt-catalyzed arylation of (hetero)aromatic acids has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Ming Liu
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Xin-Fang Duan
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
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50
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Huang L, Hackenberger D, Gooßen LJ. Iridium-Catalyzed ortho-Arylation of Benzoic Acids with Arenediazonium Salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:12607-11. [PMID: 26465654 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201505769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the presence of catalytic [{IrCp*Cl2 }2 ] and Ag2 CO3 , Li2 CO3 as the base, and acetone as the solvent, benzoic acids react with arenediazonium salts to give the corresponding diaryl-2-carboxylates under mild conditions. This C-H arylation process is generally applicable to diversely substituted substrates, ranging from extremely electron-rich to electron-poor derivatives. The carboxylate directing group is widely available and can be removed tracelessly or employed for further derivatization. Orthogonality to halide-based cross-couplings is achieved by the use of diazonium salts, which can be coupled even in the presence of iodo substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangbin Huang
- FB Chemie-Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse Geb. 54, 67663 Kaiserslautern (Germany)
| | - Dagmar Hackenberger
- FB Chemie-Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse Geb. 54, 67663 Kaiserslautern (Germany)
| | - Lukas J Gooßen
- FB Chemie-Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse Geb. 54, 67663 Kaiserslautern (Germany).
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