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Ejlli B, Rominger F, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF, Müllen K. Ring-Expanding Rearrangement of Benzo-Fused Tris-Cycloheptenylenes towards Nonplanar Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203735. [PMID: 36602008 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A strongly twisted benzo-fused tris-cycloheptenylene, containing three dibenzosuberenone units fused to a common benzene ring, was subjected to Ramirez olefination and subsequent palladium-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling with 4-substituted phenylboronic acids. The high steric demand within the overcrowded, benzene-rich benzo-fused tris-cycloheptenylenes enforced an unprecedented 1,2-rearrangement upon π-extension during the Suzuki coupling reaction. According to crystal structure analysis, the resulting negatively curved polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons consist of two heptagons and one octagon surrounding a central benzene ring as a result of strain release. In the solid state, the materials exhibit a blue to blue-green fluorescence with increased quantum yields and a hypsochromic shift of the emission maxima compared to their respective solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Ejlli
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany.,Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,InnovationLab, Speyerer Strasse 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe H F Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Centre for Advanced Materials, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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Ejlli B, Nußbaum P, Rominger F, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF, Müllen K. Benzo‐fused Tri[8]annulenes as Molecular Models of Cubic Graphite. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Ejlli
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- InnovationLab Speyerer Str. 4 69115 Heidelberg Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Pascal Nußbaum
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- InnovationLab Speyerer Str. 4 69115 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Uwe H. F. Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
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Ejlli B, Nußbaum P, Rominger F, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF, Müllen K. Benzo-fused Tri[8]annulenes as Molecular Models of Cubic Graphite. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:20220-20224. [PMID: 34156743 PMCID: PMC8457115 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cyclotrimerization of 9,10‐dibromo‐9,10‐dihydrodibenzo[3,4:7,8]cycloocta[1,2‐l]phenanthrene with potassium tert‐butoxide in the presence of a transition‐metal catalyst afforded two polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon stereoisomers consisting of three cyclooctatetraene (COT) moieties connected via a central benzene ring. Both isomeric tri[8]annulenes were obtained selectively through the choice of the catalyst: The α,α,α‐form (Ru catalyst) displayed a threefold symmetrywith the COT subunits forming the side walls of a (chiral) molecular cup. In the thermodynamically more stable α,α,β‐isomer (Pd catalyst), one of the three boat‐shaped COTs was flipped over and faced the opposite molecular hemisphere with respect to the central benzene ring as evidenced by crystal structure analysis. Both title compounds are small segments of “cubic graphite”, an elusive carbon allotrope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Ejlli
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,InnovationLab, Speyerer Str. 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Pascal Nußbaum
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,InnovationLab, Speyerer Str. 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe H F Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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Mehdi M, Bushnell EAC, Nikoo S, Gauld JW, Green JR. Generation and Reactions of a Benzodehydrotropylium Ion-Co 2(CO) 6 Complex. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:18600-18608. [PMID: 31737819 PMCID: PMC6854560 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
A series of 7-methylenedehydrobenzo[7]annulen-5-ol hexacarbonyldicobalt complexes were generated by Hosomi-Sakurai reactions of allylsilanes containing o-alkynylarylaldehyde-Co2(CO)6 complexes. One of the cyclization products was converted into its corresponding dihydrobenzo[7]annulen-7-ol hexacarbonyldicobalt complex, an immediate precursor to a benzodehydrotropylium-Co2(CO)6. The cation was generated in situ and reacted with four nucleophiles, and its aromatic stabilization was determined by computational methods.
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Amiralaei S, Gauld J, Green JR. Dehydrotropylium-Co2(CO)6 ion: generation, reactivity and evaluation of cation stability. Chemistry 2011; 17:4157-65. [PMID: 21387422 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2010] [Revised: 10/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The dehydrotropylium-Co(2)(CO)(6) ion was generated by the action of HBF(4) or BF(3)⋅OEt(2) on the corresponding cycloheptadienynol complex, which in turn has been prepared in four steps from a known diacetoxycycloheptenyne complex. The reaction of the cycloheptadienynol complex via the dehydrotropylium-Co(2)(CO)(6) ion with several nucleophiles results in substitution reactions with reactive nucleophiles (N>1) under normal conditions, and a radical dimerisation reaction in the presence of less reactive nucleophiles. Competitive reactions of the cycloheptadienynol complex with an acyclic trienynol complex show no preference for generation of the dehydrotropylium-Co(2)(CO)(6) ion over an acyclic cation. DFT studies on the dehydrotropylium-Co(2)(CO)(6) ion, specifically evaluation of its harmonic oscillator model of aromaticity (HOMA) value (+0.95), its homodesmotic-reaction-based stabilisation energy (≈2.8 kcal mol(-1)) and its NICS(1) value (-2.9), taken together with the experimental studies suggest that the dehydrotropylium-Co(2)(CO)(6) ion is weakly aromatic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheida Amiralaei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
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Zhang K, Hu J, Chan KC, Wong KY, Yip JHK. Synthesis, Structures, and Electronic Spectroscopy of Luminescent Acetylene- and (Buta-1,3-diyne)platinum Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200600773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Bennett MA, Kopp MR, Wenger E, Willis AC. Generation of nickel(0)aryne and nickel(II)biphenyldiyl complexes via in situ dehydrohalogenation of arenes. Molecular structures of [Ni(2,2′-C6H4C6H4)(dcpe)] and C2-hexabenzotriphenylene. J Organomet Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(02)01667-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Amarasinghe KKD, Chowdhury SK, Heeg MJ, Montgomery J. Structure of an η1 Nickel O-Enolate: Mechanistic Implications in Catalytic Enyne Cyclizations. Organometallics 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/om0010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanjoy K. Chowdhury
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202-3489
| | - Mary Jane Heeg
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202-3489
| | - John Montgomery
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202-3489
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Ara I, Berenguer JR, Eguizábal E, Forniés J, Gómez J, Lalinde E, Sáez-Rocher JM. Synthesis, Photophysical Properties, and Theoretical Studies of Hydride−Alkynyl Platinum(II) Complexes. Molecular Structures of [trans-PtH(C⋮CC5H4N-2)(PPh3)2] and [Pt(η2-HC⋮CCPh2OH)(PPh3)2]. Organometallics 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/om000143u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Ara
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain, and Departamento de Química-Grupo de Síntesis Química de La Rioja, UA-CSIC Universidad de La Rioja, 26001 Logroño, Spain
| | - Jesús R. Berenguer
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain, and Departamento de Química-Grupo de Síntesis Química de La Rioja, UA-CSIC Universidad de La Rioja, 26001 Logroño, Spain
| | - Eduardo Eguizábal
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain, and Departamento de Química-Grupo de Síntesis Química de La Rioja, UA-CSIC Universidad de La Rioja, 26001 Logroño, Spain
| | - Juan Forniés
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain, and Departamento de Química-Grupo de Síntesis Química de La Rioja, UA-CSIC Universidad de La Rioja, 26001 Logroño, Spain
| | - Julio Gómez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain, and Departamento de Química-Grupo de Síntesis Química de La Rioja, UA-CSIC Universidad de La Rioja, 26001 Logroño, Spain
| | - Elena Lalinde
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain, and Departamento de Química-Grupo de Síntesis Química de La Rioja, UA-CSIC Universidad de La Rioja, 26001 Logroño, Spain
| | - José M. Sáez-Rocher
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain, and Departamento de Química-Grupo de Síntesis Química de La Rioja, UA-CSIC Universidad de La Rioja, 26001 Logroño, Spain
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Transition-Metal Complexes of Arynes, Strained Cyclic Alkynes, and Strained Cyclic Cumulenes. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-3055(08)60543-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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12
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Reactions of 5,6,11,12-tetradehydrodibenzo[a,e]cyclooctene with 1,2-C6H4(SiMe2)2Pt(PPh3)2 and Pt(CH2-CH2) (PPh3)2. x-ray structure determination of resulting double silylated compounds and platinum-alkyne complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(97)05682-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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Bennett MA, Wenger E. The Reactivity of Complexes of Nickel(0) and Platinum(0) Containing Benzyne and Related Small-Ring Alkynes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19971300803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Klosin J, Abboud KA, Jones WM. Bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium Cycloheptadienynylium Tetrafluoroborate: A Palladium Complex of Tropyne. Organometallics 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/om9600396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jerzy Klosin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Khalil A. Abboud
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - W. M. Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
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Klosin J, Abboud KA, Jones WM. Platinum−Molybdenum Complexes of Cyclic Tropynes, Cumulenes, and Alkynes. Organometallics 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/om950732d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jerzy Klosin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Khalil A. Abboud
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - W. M. Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
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