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Lu W, Jayaraman A, Fantuzzi F, Dewhurst RD, Härterich M, Dietz M, Hagspiel S, Krummenacher I, Hammond K, Cui J, Braunschweig H. Ein unsymmetrisches, cyclisches Diboren basierend auf einem chelatisierenden CAAC‐Liganden sowie dessen Aktivierung kleiner Moleküle und Umlagerungsreaktionen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202113947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lu
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Arumugam Jayaraman
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Felipe Fantuzzi
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- School of Physical Sciences Ingram Building University of Kent Park Wood Road Canterbury CT2 7NH United Kingdom
| | - Rian D. Dewhurst
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Marcel Härterich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Maximilian Dietz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Stephan Hagspiel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Kai Hammond
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Jingjing Cui
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
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Lu W, Jayaraman A, Fantuzzi F, Dewhurst RD, Härterich M, Dietz M, Hagspiel S, Krummenacher I, Hammond K, Cui J, Braunschweig H. An Unsymmetrical, Cyclic Diborene Based on a Chelating CAAC Ligand and its Small-Molecule Activation and Rearrangement Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202113947. [PMID: 34750945 PMCID: PMC9299934 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202113947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A one‐pot synthesis of a CAAC‐stabilized, unsymmetrical, cyclic diborene was achieved via consecutive two‐electron reduction steps from an adduct of CAAC and B2Br4(SMe2)2. Theoretical studies revealed that this diborene has a considerably smaller HOMO–LUMO gap than those of reported NHC‐ and phosphine‐supported diborenes. Complexation of the diborene with [AuCl(PCy3)] afforded two diborene–AuI π complexes, while reaction with DurBH2, P4 and a terminal acetylene led to the cleavage of B−H, P−P, and C−C π bonds, respectively. Thermal rearrangement of the diborene gave an electron‐rich cyclic alkylideneborane, which readily coordinated to AgI via its B=C double bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lu
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Arumugam Jayaraman
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Felipe Fantuzzi
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,School of Physical Sciences, Ingram Building, University of Kent, Park Wood Road, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, United Kingdom
| | - Rian D Dewhurst
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marcel Härterich
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Dietz
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Hagspiel
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kai Hammond
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jingjing Cui
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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Iwai K, Mizuhata Y, Tokitoh N. Alkali-Metal-Ion-Centered Sandwich Structures of 4-Bromophenyl[tris(pentafluorophenyl)]borates and Their Synthetic Utility. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kento Iwai
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Mizuhata
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
- Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Norihiro Tokitoh
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
- Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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The performance of methallyl nickel complexes and boron adducts in the catalytic activation of ethylene: a conceptual DFT perspective. J Mol Model 2015; 21:227. [PMID: 26267295 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-015-2770-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this work, global and local descriptors of chemical reactivity and selectivity are used to explain the differences in reactivities toward ethylene of methallyl nickel complexes and their B(C6F5)3 and BF3 adducts. DFT calculations were used to explain why nickel complexes alone are inactive in ethylene polymerization while their boron adducts can activate it. It is shown that chemical potential, hardness, electrophilicity and molecular electrostatic potential surfaces describe fairly well the reactivity and selectivity of these organometallic systems toward ethylene. Experimental data indicates that addition of a borane molecule to nickel complexes changes dramatically their reactivity-behavior that is confirmed computationally. Our results show that bare complexes are unable to activate ethylene-a Lewis base-because they also behave as Lewis bases. The addition of the co-catalyst-a Lewis acid-turns the adducts into Lewis acids, making them active towards ethylene.
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Bender G, Daniliuc CG, Wibbeling B, Kehr G, Erker G. Reaction of five-membered zirconacycloallenoids with the strong Lewis acid B(C6F5)3. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:12210-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt01137f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Trofymchuk OS, Gutsulyak DV, Quintero C, Parvez M, Daniliuc CG, Piers WE, Rojas RS. N-Arylcyano-β-diketiminate Methallyl Nickel Complexes: Synthesis, Adduct Formation, and Reactivity toward Ethylene. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400847b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandra S. Trofymchuk
- Departamento
de Quimica Inorganica, Facultad de Quimica, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago-22, Chile
| | - Dmitry V. Gutsulyak
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4,
| | - Celso Quintero
- Departamento
de Quimica Inorganica, Facultad de Quimica, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago-22, Chile
| | - Masood Parvez
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4,
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-chemisches Institut der Universitat Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Warren E. Piers
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4,
| | - Rene S. Rojas
- Departamento
de Quimica Inorganica, Facultad de Quimica, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago-22, Chile
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Kumar Podiyanachari S, Kehr G, Mück-Lichtenfeld C, Daniliuc CG, Erker G. Remarkable Behavior of a Bifunctional Alkynylborane Zirconocene Complex toward Donor Ligands and Acetylenes. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:17444-56. [DOI: 10.1021/ja408385h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Correnstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Christian Mück-Lichtenfeld
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Correnstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Correnstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Correnstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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Podiyanachari SK, Fröhlich R, Daniliuc CG, Petersen JL, Mück-Lichtenfeld C, Kehr G, Erker G. Hydrogen Activation by an Intramolecular Boron Lewis Acid/Zirconocene Pair. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:8830-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201202218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Revised: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Podiyanachari SK, Fröhlich R, Daniliuc CG, Petersen JL, Mück-Lichtenfeld C, Kehr G, Erker G. Hydrogen Activation by an Intramolecular Boron Lewis Acid/Zirconocene Pair. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201202218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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10
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Sazonov PK, Oprunenko YF, Khrustalev VN, Beletskaya IP. C–F⋯M+ interaction in anionic α-fluorovinyl rhenium oxycarbene complexes and their β-fluoroenolate analogs. J Fluor Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2011.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Price C, Chen HY, Launer L, Miller S. Weakly Coordinating Cations as Alternatives to Weakly Coordinating Anions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:956-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200802605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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12
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Price C, Chen HY, Launer L, Miller S. Weakly Coordinating Cations as Alternatives to Weakly Coordinating Anions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200802605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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13
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Sazonov PK, Minacheva LK, Churakov AV, Sergienko VS, Artamkina GA, Oprunenko YF, Beletskaya IP. Lariat ethers with fluoroaryl side-arms: a study of CF⋯metal cation interaction in the complexes of N-(o-fluoroaryl)azacrown ethers. Dalton Trans 2009:843-50. [DOI: 10.1039/b807199c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Hanaoka H, Hino T, Nabika M, Kohno T, Yanagi K, Oda Y, Imai A, Mashima K. Synthesis and characterization of titanium alkyl, oxo, and diene complexes bearing a SiMe2-bridged phenoxy-cyclopentadienyl ligand and their catalytic performance for copolymerization of ethylene and 1-hexene. J Organomet Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2007.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Xiao A, Wang L, Liu Q, Dong X. Recent research progress in influence of the ansa-zirconcene catalytic system on the polypropylene microstructure. Des Monomers Polym 2007. [DOI: 10.1163/156855507781505165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anguo Xiao
- a State Key Lab of Polymer Reaction Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Art and Science, Changde 415000, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- b State Key Lab of Polymer Reaction Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingquan Liu
- c State Key Lab of Polymer Reaction Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochen Dong
- d State Key Lab of Polymer Reaction Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
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Hannig F, Fröhlich R, Bergander K, Erker G, Petersen JL. Structural and Spectroscopic Evidence for Intramolecular Agostic M···H−C and Dative Zr←F−C(ortho) Interactions in the Zwitterionic Metal Complexes [(C5H4)SiMe2(N-t-Bu)]M(+)(μ-C4H6)B(−)(C6F5)3, M = Ti, Zr. Organometallics 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/om040057k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frithjof Hannig
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universitat Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-6045
| | - Roland Fröhlich
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universitat Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-6045
| | - Klaus Bergander
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universitat Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-6045
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universitat Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-6045
| | - Jeffrey L. Petersen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universitat Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-6045
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Erker G, Kehr G, Fröhlich R. Developing some functional group chemistry at the Group 4 bent metallocene frameworks. J Organomet Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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20
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Strauch JW, Fauré JL, Bredeau S, Wang C, Kehr G, Fröhlich R, Luftmann H, Erker G. (Butadiene)metallocene/B(C6F5)3 Pathway to Catalyst Systems for Stereoselective Methyl Methacrylate Polymerization: Evidence for an Anion Dependent Metallocene Catalyzed Polymerization Process. J Am Chem Soc 2004; 126:2089-104. [PMID: 14971944 DOI: 10.1021/ja035739y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The ansa-zirconocene dichlorides [Me(2)Si(C(5)H(4))(3-R-C(5)H(3))]ZrCl(2) 7a-e (R = H, CH(3), cyclohexyl, -CHMe(2), -CMe(3)) were reacted with butadiene-magnesium to yield the respective (eta(4)-butadiene)metallocenes 17a-e. The chiral examples give a mixture of two s-cis and two s-trans diastereomers. The strong Lewis acid B(C(6)F(5))(3) adds selectively to a terminal butadiene carbon atom to yield the (butadiene)metallocene/B(C(6)F(5))(3) betaine complexes 18a-e. Initially, the formation of the Z-18 isomers is preferred. These consecutively rearrange to the thermodynamically favored isomers E-18. The dipolar systems 18 are active single component metallocene catalysts for the stereospecific polymerization of methyl methacrylate. With increasing steric bulk of the attached single alkyl substituent an increasingly isotactic poly(methyl methacrylate) is obtained. A similar trend is observed in the methyl methacrylate polymerization at the [Me(2)Si(C(5)H(4))(3-R-C(5)H(3))]ZrCH(3)(+) catalysts (9a-e) that were conventionally prepared by methyl abstraction from the corresponding ansa-zirconocene dimethyl complexes by treatment with B(C(6)F(5))(3). A comparison of the poly(methyl methacrylates) obtained at these two series of catalysts has revealed substantial differences in stereoselectivity that probably originate from an influence of the respective counteranions. An initial reactive intermediate of methyl methacrylate addition to the dipolar single component metallocene catalyst E-18a was experimentally observed and characterized by NMR spectroscopy at 253 K. The subsequently formed series of [PMMA-C(4)H(6)(-)B(C(6)F(5))(3)](-) anion oligomers (at the catalyst 18c) was monitored (after quenching) and characterized by electrospray mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim W Strauch
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
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ERKER GERHARD, KEHR GERALD, FRÖHLICH ROLAND. The (Butadiene)zirconocenes and Related Compounds. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-3055(03)51003-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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22
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Hill M, Kehr G, Erker G, Kataeva O, Fröhlich R. Formation of a bifunctional zirconocene complex that favours intramolecular –B(C6F5)2addition to a Cp ring over σ-ligand abstraction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2004:1020-1. [PMID: 15069524 DOI: 10.1039/b400228h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The diphenyl-ansa-zirconocene complex 2 adds HB(C6F5)2 at the C=C double bond of its pendent Cp-allyl functional group to yield 3. During 3 days at room temperature the -B(C6F5)2 group takes part in an electrophilic substitution reaction at the adjacent Cp-ring to form 5 with formation of one equivalent of benzene. Complex 5 was characterized by X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hill
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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23
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Preparation of chelate bis(imine)nickel allyl systems by reaction of their corresponding butadiene complexes with electrophiles. J Organomet Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(03)00699-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Burlakov V, Letov A, Arndt P, Baumann W, Spannenberg A, Fischer C, Strunkina L, Minacheva M, Vygodskii Y, Rosenthal U, Shur V. Zwitterionic titanoxanes {Cp[η5-C5H4B(C6F5)3]Ti}2O and {(η5-iPrC5H4)[η5-1,3-iPrC5H3B(C6F5)3]Ti}2O as catalysts for cationic ring-opening polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1169(03)00023-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Erker G. The (butadiene)metal complex/B(C6F5)3pathway to homogeneous single component Ziegler–Natta catalyst systems. Chem Commun (Camb) 2003. [DOI: 10.1039/b208898n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Strauch JW, Erker G, Kehr G, Fröhlich R. Formation of a butadienenickel-based zwitterionic single-component catalyst for ethylene polymerization: an alternative activation pathway for homogeneous Ziegler-Natta catalysts of late transition metals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2002; 41:2543-6. [PMID: 12203528 DOI: 10.1002/1521-3773(20020715)41:14<2543::aid-anie2543>3.0.co;2-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joachim W Strauch
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Germany
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27
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Synthesis of dimetallic μ-alkylideneamido zirconocene dications by a thermodynamically favorable lithium chloride elimination pathway. J Organomet Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(01)01205-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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Interaction of half-sandwich alkylmolybdenum(III) complexes with B(C6F5)3. The X-ray structure of [CpMo(η4-C4H6)(μ-Cl)(μ-CH2)(O)MoCp][CH3B(C6F5)3]. J Organomet Chem 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(01)01196-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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29
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Le Grognec E, Poli R. Diene-Containing half-sandwich MoIII complexes as ethylene polymerization catalysts: experimental and theoretical studies. Chemistry 2001; 7:4572-83. [PMID: 11757648 DOI: 10.1002/1521-3765(20011105)7:21<4572::aid-chem4572>3.0.co;2-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Seventeen-electron compounds of MoIII having the general formula [(eta5-C5R5)Mo(eta4-diene)X2] (R = H, Me: dieney = butadiene, isoprene, or 2,3-dimethylbutadiene: X= Cl, CH3) are a new class of ethylene polymerization catalysts. The polyethylene obtained shows a bimodal distribution, the major weight fraction being characterized by very long (M around 10(6)) and highly linear polymer chains. The newly prepared pentamethylcyclopentadienyl (Cp*) derivatives are more active than the cyclopentadienyl (Cp) derivatives, but much less active than previously investigated niobiumIII compounds having the same stoichiometry. On the other hand, the turnover frequency of the active site leading to the high molecular weight chains is at least 10 times greater than that obtained with the corresponding Nb catalyst. The reason for the low activity is explained by a difficult activation process that is attributed to the low polarity and high strength of the Mo-alkyl bond. This is confirmed by a Mulliken charge analysis of density functional theory (DFT) geometry-optimized [CpM(eta4-C4H6)(CH3)2] (M = Nb, Mo) and by the calculation of the heterolytic bond dissociation energies. DFT calculations have also been carried out on the ethylene insertion coordinate for the [CpM(eta4-C4H6)(CH3)]+ model of the presumed active site. The results indicate an equivalent activation barrier to insertion for the Nb and Mo systems. Differences in optimized geometries for the reaction intermediates are attributed to the presence of the extra electron for the Mo system. This electron opposes the formation of M-H-C agostic interactions, while it strengthens the back-bonding M-ethylene interaction, but otherwise plays no active role in the polymer chain propagation mechanism. According to the calculations, the chain propagation for the Mo system occurs entirely on the spin doublet surface, the minimum energy crossover point with the quartet surface lying at a higher energy than the transition state for insertion on the doublet surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Le Grognec
- Laboratoire de Synthèse et d'Electrosynthese Organométallique, Faculté des Sciences Gabriel Université de Bourgogne Dijon, France
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30
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Burlakov VV, Arndt P, Baumann W, Spannenberg A, Rosenthal U, Letov AV, Lyssenko KA, Korlyukov AA, Strunkina LI, Minacheva MK, Shur VB. Synthesis and X-ray Crystal Structure Determination of New Zwitterionic Complexes of Titanocene. Organometallics 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/om0103052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. V. Burlakov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 28, 117813 Moscow, Russia, and Institut für Organische Katalyseforschung an der Universität Rostock, Buchbinderstrasse 5-6, D-18055 Rostock, Germany
| | - P. Arndt
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 28, 117813 Moscow, Russia, and Institut für Organische Katalyseforschung an der Universität Rostock, Buchbinderstrasse 5-6, D-18055 Rostock, Germany
| | - W. Baumann
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 28, 117813 Moscow, Russia, and Institut für Organische Katalyseforschung an der Universität Rostock, Buchbinderstrasse 5-6, D-18055 Rostock, Germany
| | - A. Spannenberg
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 28, 117813 Moscow, Russia, and Institut für Organische Katalyseforschung an der Universität Rostock, Buchbinderstrasse 5-6, D-18055 Rostock, Germany
| | - U. Rosenthal
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 28, 117813 Moscow, Russia, and Institut für Organische Katalyseforschung an der Universität Rostock, Buchbinderstrasse 5-6, D-18055 Rostock, Germany
| | - A. V. Letov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 28, 117813 Moscow, Russia, and Institut für Organische Katalyseforschung an der Universität Rostock, Buchbinderstrasse 5-6, D-18055 Rostock, Germany
| | - K. A. Lyssenko
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 28, 117813 Moscow, Russia, and Institut für Organische Katalyseforschung an der Universität Rostock, Buchbinderstrasse 5-6, D-18055 Rostock, Germany
| | - A. A. Korlyukov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 28, 117813 Moscow, Russia, and Institut für Organische Katalyseforschung an der Universität Rostock, Buchbinderstrasse 5-6, D-18055 Rostock, Germany
| | - L. I. Strunkina
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 28, 117813 Moscow, Russia, and Institut für Organische Katalyseforschung an der Universität Rostock, Buchbinderstrasse 5-6, D-18055 Rostock, Germany
| | - M. Kh. Minacheva
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 28, 117813 Moscow, Russia, and Institut für Organische Katalyseforschung an der Universität Rostock, Buchbinderstrasse 5-6, D-18055 Rostock, Germany
| | - V. B. Shur
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 28, 117813 Moscow, Russia, and Institut für Organische Katalyseforschung an der Universität Rostock, Buchbinderstrasse 5-6, D-18055 Rostock, Germany
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31
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Kleigrewe N, Brackemeyer T, Kehr G, Fröhlich R, Erker G. Synthesis and Structural Behavior of the Tris(η-cyclopentadienyl)zirconium−Betaine Complex Cp2[η5-C5H4B(C6F5)3]Zr. Organometallics 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/om0010316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Kleigrewe
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Brackemeyer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Roland Fröhlich
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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32
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Erker G. Homogeneous single-component betaine Ziegler-Natta catalysts derived from (butadiene)zirconocene precursors. Acc Chem Res 2001; 34:309-17. [PMID: 11308305 DOI: 10.1021/ar9800183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
(Butadiene)zirconocene adds B(C(6)F(5))(3) at a terminal diene carbon atom to yield the zirconocene-(mu-hydrocarbyl)-borate betaine Cp(2)Zr[C(4)H(6)-B(C(6)F(5))(3)] (4). The dipolar complex 4 contains a distorted pi-allyl moiety and features an additional stabilizing Zr-F-C(arene) coordination. Under kinetic control, an isomeric betaine system is formed, characterized by an internal Zr(+).CH(2)[B](-) ion-pair interaction, that rearranges to 4 upon heating. A great variety of ansa-metallocene(butadiene) complexes and related systems cleanly form analogous metallocene-(mu-conjugated diene)-borate betaines upon treatment with B(C(6)F(5))(3) and related Lewis acids. Most of these systems represent very active homogeneous single-component Ziegler-Natta catalysts for alpha-olefin polymerization and copolymerization. In addition, these betaine catalysts are ideally suited for carrying out mechanistic studies in active Ziegler-Natta catalyst systems. They allow for an experimental observation of the first alkene insertion step at the active single-component catalyst. This feature has been used for studying the mechanism of transfer of the stereochemical information from the bent metallocene backbone and for an experimental characterization of the energy profile of the alkene addition/alkene insertion reaction sequence in active homogeneous Ziegler-Natta systems. The neutral dipolar single-component catalysts (e.g., 4) produce a polyolefin-modified R'-(CHR-CH(2))-C(4)H(6)-B(C(6)F(5))(3)(-) counterion at the end of the initiation period upon entering into the repetitive active catalytic cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
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33
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Kehr G, Roesmann R, Fröhlich R, Holst C, Erker G. Protonation of the Heterocyclic Cp-Anion Equivalent [Pyrrolyl-B(C6F5)3]Li − Formation of a Useful Neutral Brønsted Acid for the Generation of Homogeneous Metallocene Ziegler Catalysts. Eur J Inorg Chem 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1099-0682(200102)2001:2<535::aid-ejic535>3.0.co;2-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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