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Synthesis, properties, and catalysis of p-block complexes supported by bis(arylimino)acenaphthene ligands. Commun Chem 2020; 3:113. [PMID: 36703406 PMCID: PMC9814787 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-020-00359-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bis(arylimino)acenaphthene (Ar-BIAN) ligands have been recognized as robust scaffolds for metal complexes since the 1990 s and most of their coordination chemistry was developed with transition metals. Notably, there have been relatively few reports on complexes comprising main group elements, especially those capitalizing on the redox non-innocence of Ar-BIAN ligands supporting p-block elements. Here we present an overview of synthetic approaches to Ar-BIAN ligands and their p-block complexes using conventional solution-based methodologies and environmentally-benign mechanochemical routes. This is followed by a discussion on their catalytic properties, including comparisons to transition metal counterparts, as well as key structural and electronic properties of p-block Ar-BIAN complexes.
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Patra SC, Saha Roy A, Banerjee S, Banerjee A, Das Saha K, Bhadra R, Pramanik K, Ghosh P. Palladium(ii) and platinum(ii) complexes of glyoxalbis(N-aryl)osazone: molecular and electronic structures, anti-microbial activities and DNA-binding study. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj00223e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A new family of palladium(ii) and platinum(ii) complexes of redox non-innocent osazone ligands that exhibit moderate antileishmanial activity were isolated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarat Chandra Patra
- Department of Chemistry
- R. K. Mission Residential College
- Kolkata-700103
- India
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Amit Saha Roy
- Department of Chemistry
- R. K. Mission Residential College
- Kolkata-700103
- India
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Saswati Banerjee
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder
- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - Ananya Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry
- Bijaygarh Jyotish Roy College
- Kolkata-700032
- India
| | - Krishna Das Saha
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder
- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - Ranjan Bhadra
- Department of Chemistry
- R. K. Mission Residential College
- Kolkata-700103
- India
| | | | - Prasanta Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry
- R. K. Mission Residential College
- Kolkata-700103
- India
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Zhao Y, Xue Y, Xu W, Su J, Wu B, Yang X. Synthesis and Structures of Mono‐ and Dinuclear Molybdenum Complexes with Reduced α‐Diimine Ligands. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University710069Xi'anChina
| | - Yurong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University710069Xi'anChina
| | - Wenhua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University710069Xi'anChina
| | - Ji‐Hu Su
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern PhysicsUniversity of Science and Technology of China230026HefeiChina
| | - Biao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University710069Xi'anChina
| | - Xiao‐Juan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University710069Xi'anChina
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Zhao Y, Liu Y, Li QS, Su JH. Synthesis and structures of mononuclear and dinuclear gallium complexes with α-diimine ligands: reduction of the metal or ligand? Dalton Trans 2016; 45:246-52. [PMID: 26596462 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt03372a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Reduction of the dichloro gallium(III) α-diimine complex [(L(ipr))˙(-)GaCl2] (1, L(ipr) = [(2,6-iPr2C6H3)NC(Me)]2) by different equivalents of sodium metal afforded the gallium complexes [(L(ipr))(2-)Ga(III)(μ2-Cl)2Na(THF)4] (2) and [(Na(THF)6)(+)·((L(ipr))(2-)Ga-Ga(L(ipr))(2-))˙(-)] (3). Interestingly, in complex 2 a Na(+)Cl(-) ion pair is incorporated, while compound 3 is an anionic digallium complex. Moreover, a cationic gallium complex with a tetrachlorogallium(III) counter anion, [(LGaCl2)(+)·(GaCl4)(-)] (4), was accessed from the reaction of GaCl3 with 0.5 equiv. of ligand L(ipr). In contrast, the reaction of GaCl3 with the doubly reduced anion (Na2L(2-)) of the smaller α-diimine ligands L(Me) ([(2,6-Me2C6H3)NC(Me)]2) or L(Et) ([(2,6-Et2C6H3)NC(Me)]2) yielded the Ga-Ga-bonded complexes [(L(Et))˙(-)ClGa(II)-Ga(II)Cl(L(Et))˙(-)] (5) and [(L(Me))˙(-)ClGa(II)-Ga(II)Cl(L(Me))˙(-)] (6). Here L is the neutral α-diimine ligand, L˙(-) represents the monoanion, and L(2-) is the dianionic form of the ligand. The complexes were characterized by X-ray diffraction and their electronic structures were studied by DFT computations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
| | - Qian-Shu Li
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Ji-Hu Su
- Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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Koellner CA, Piro NA, Kassel WS, Goldsmith CR, Graves CR. Synthesis and Characterization of α-Diimine Complexes of Group 13 Metals and Their Catalytic Activity toward the Epoxidation of Alkenes. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:7139-41. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Connor A. Koellner
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Albright College, 13th and Bern Streets, Reading, Pennsylvania 19612, United States
| | - Nicholas A. Piro
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - W. Scott Kassel
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Christian R. Goldsmith
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Auburn University, 179 Chemistry Building, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Christopher R. Graves
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Albright College, 13th and Bern Streets, Reading, Pennsylvania 19612, United States
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Piskunov AV, Ershova IV, Bogomyakov AS, Starikov AG, Fukin GK, Cherkasov VK. Indirect Magnetic Exchange between o-Iminosemiquinonate Ligands Controlled by Apical Substituent in Pentacoordinated Gallium(III) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:6090-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V. Piskunov
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina str. 49, Nizhny
Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
- Nizhny Novgorod State University, Gagarina ave. 23, Nizhny
Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
| | - Irina V. Ershova
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina str. 49, Nizhny
Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
| | - Artem S. Bogomyakov
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3a Institutskaya str., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey G. Starikov
- Southern Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 41 Chehova Ave., 344006 Rostov on Don, Russian Federation
| | - Georgy K. Fukin
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina str. 49, Nizhny
Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
- Nizhny Novgorod State University, Gagarina ave. 23, Nizhny
Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir K. Cherkasov
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina str. 49, Nizhny
Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
- Nizhny Novgorod State University, Gagarina ave. 23, Nizhny
Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
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Petrov PA, Konchenko SN, Nadolinny VA. A new approach to the synthesis of gallium(III) complexes with α-diimine ligands in the radical anion form. RUSS J COORD CHEM+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070328414120100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Patra SC, Weyhermüller T, Ghosh P. Ruthenium, Rhodium, Osmium, and Iridium Complexes of Osazones (Osazones = Bis-Arylhydrazones of Glyoxal): Radical versus Nonradical States. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:2427-40. [DOI: 10.1021/ic4022432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarat Chandra Patra
- Department of Chemistry, R. K. Mission Residential College, Narendrapur, Kolkata 103, West Bengal, India
| | - Thomas Weyhermüller
- Max-Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Prasanta Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, R. K. Mission Residential College, Narendrapur, Kolkata 103, West Bengal, India
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Grupp A, Bubrin M, Ehret F, Kvapilová H, Záliš S, Kaim W. Oxidation and reduction response of α-diimine complexes with tricarbonylrhenium halides and pseudohalides. J Organomet Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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10
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Formation of carbon-carbon bonds between activated alkynes and diimine ligands in the aluminum complexes. Russ Chem Bull 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-013-0100-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Fedushkin IL, Sokolov VG, Piskunov AV, Makarov VM, Baranov EV, Abakumov GA. Adaptive behavior of a redox-active gallium carbenoid in complexes with molybdenum. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:10108-11. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc04019h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A gallium–nitrogen heterocycle derived from 1,2-bis(imino)acenaphthene may serve either as a neutral or an anionic two-electron donor depending on the electronic state of the transition metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor L. Fedushkin
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
- N.I. Lobachevskii Nizhny Novgorod State University
- Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir G. Sokolov
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
- N.I. Lobachevskii Nizhny Novgorod State University
- Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander V. Piskunov
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
- N.I. Lobachevskii Nizhny Novgorod State University
- Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Valentine M. Makarov
- K. Minin Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University
- Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Eugeny V. Baranov
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
- N.I. Lobachevskii Nizhny Novgorod State University
- Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Gleb A. Abakumov
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
- N.I. Lobachevskii Nizhny Novgorod State University
- Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
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12
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Chandra Patra S, Saha Roy A, Manivannan V, Weyhermüller T, Ghosh P. Ruthenium, osmium and rhodium complexes of 1,4-diaryl 1,4-diazabutadiene: radical versus non-radical states. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:13731-41. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt01241k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Molecular and electronic structures of the ruthenium, osmium and rhodium complexes of 1,4-di(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-diazabutadiene (LDAB) and their redox series are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarat Chandra Patra
- Department of Chemistry
- R. K. Mission Residential College
- Kolkata-700103, India
| | - Amit Saha Roy
- Department of Chemistry
- R. K. Mission Residential College
- Kolkata-700103, India
| | | | - Thomas Weyhermüller
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Eneriekonversion
- 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Prasanta Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry
- R. K. Mission Residential College
- Kolkata-700103, India
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13
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Grupp A, Bubrin M, Ehret F, Zeng Q, Hartl F, Kvapilová H, Záliš S, Kaim W. RuII(α-diimine) or RuIII(α-diimine·-)? Structural, Spectroscopic, and Theoretical Evidence for the Stabilization of a Prominent Metal-to-Ligand Charge-Transfer Excited-State Configuration in the Ground State. Eur J Inorg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201301206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Allan CJ, Cooper BFT, Cowley HJ, Rawson JM, Macdonald CLB. Non-Innocent Ligand Effects on Low-Oxidation-State Indium Complexes. Chemistry 2013; 19:14470-83. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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15
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Liddle BJ, Wanniarachchi S, Hewage JS, Lindeman SV, Bennett B, Gardinier JR. Electronic communication across diamagnetic metal bridges: a homoleptic gallium(III) complex of a redox-active diarylamido-based ligand and its oxidized derivatives. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:12720-8. [PMID: 23163736 DOI: 10.1021/ic301437f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Complexes with cations of the type [Ga(L)(2)](n+) where L = bis(4-methyl-2-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)phenyl)amido and n = 1, 2, 3 have been prepared and structurally characterized. The electronic properties of each were probed by electrochemical and spectroscopic means and were interpreted with the aid of density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The dication, best described as [Ga(L(-))(L(0))](2+), is a Robin-Day class II mixed-valence species. As such, a broad, weak, solvent-dependent intervalence charge transfer (IVCT) band was found in the NIR spectrum in the range 6390-6925 cm(-1), depending on the solvent. Band shape analyses and the use of Hush and Marcus relations revealed a modest electronic coupling, H(ab) of about 200 cm(-1), and a large rate constant for electron transfer, k(et), on the order of 10(10) s(-1) between redox active ligands. The dioxidized complex [Ga(L(0))(2)](3+) shows a half-field ΔM(s) = 2 transition in its solid-state X-band electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrum at 5 K, which indicates that the triplet state is thermally populated. DFT calculations (M06/Def2-SV(P)) suggest that the singlet state is 21.7 cm(-1) lower in energy than the triplet state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan J Liddle
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201-1881, United States
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Piskunov AV, Maleeva AV, Mescheryakova IN, Fukin GK. The Reduction of Sterically Hindered o-Quinone and o-Iminoquinone with Gallium and “GaI”. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201200535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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17
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Dange D, Choong SL, Schenk C, Stasch A, Jones C. Synthesis and characterisation of anionic and neutral gallium(i) N-heterocyclic carbene analogues. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:9304-15. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt30299c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Drozdz A, Bubrin M, Fiedler J, Záliš S, Kaim W. (α-Diimine)tricarbonylhalorhenium complexes: the oxidation side. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:1013-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c1dt11449b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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19
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Langer J, Görls H. Structural diversity and solution behavior of low-valent iridium complexes bearing 1,4-diazabutadiene ligands. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2011.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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20
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Abstract
The potential of redox-active ligands to behave "noninnocently" in transition-metal coordination compounds is reflected with respect to various aspects and situations. These include the question of establishing "correct" oxidation states, the identification and characterization of differently charged radical ligands, the listing of structural and other consequences of ligand redox reactions, and the distinction between barrierless delocalized "resonance" cases M(n)/L(n) ↔ M(n+1)L(n-1) versus separated valence tautomer equilibrium situations M(n)/L(n) ⇌ M(n+1)L(n-1). Further ambivalence arises for dinuclear systems with radical bridge M(n)(μ-L(•))M(n) versus mixed-valent alternatives M(n+1)(μ-L(-))M(n), for noninnocent ligand-bridged coordination compounds of higher nuclearity such as (μ(3)-L)M(3), (μ(4)-L)M(4), (μ-L)(4)M(4), or coordination polymers. Conversely, the presence of more than one noninnocently behaving ligand at a single transition-metal site in situations such as L(n)-M-L(n-1) or L(•)-M-L(•) may give rise to corresponding ligand-to-ligand interaction phenomena (charge transfer, electron hopping, and spin-spin coupling) and to redox-induced electron transfer with counterintuitive oxidation-state changes. The relationships of noninnocent ligand behavior with excited-state descriptions and perspectives regarding material properties and single-electron or multielectron reactivity are also illustrated briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Kaim
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany.
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22
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Asay M, Jones C, Driess M. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Analogues with Low-Valent Group 13 and Group 14 Elements: Syntheses, Structures, and Reactivities of a New Generation of Multitalented Ligands. Chem Rev 2010; 111:354-96. [DOI: 10.1021/cr100216y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 979] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Asay
- Institute of Chemistry, Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Sekr. C2, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany, and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Box 23, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Cameron Jones
- Institute of Chemistry, Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Sekr. C2, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany, and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Box 23, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Matthias Driess
- Institute of Chemistry, Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Sekr. C2, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany, and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Box 23, Victoria 3800, Australia
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The 1,4-diazabutadiene/1,2-enediamido non-innocent ligand system in the formation of iridaheteroaromatic compounds: Spectroelectrochemistry and electronic structure. J Organomet Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2009.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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25
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Khusniyarov MM, Weyhermüller T, Bill E, Wieghardt K. Tuning the oxidation level, the spin state, and the degree of electron delocalization in homo- and heteroleptic bis(alpha-diimine)iron complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:1208-21. [PMID: 19105752 DOI: 10.1021/ja808149k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The four-coordinate heteroleptic complex [Fe(III)((F)pda(2-))((F)dad*-)] (1) and its homoleptic analogue [Fe(II)((F)dad*-)2] (2), where (F)pda(2-) is the closed-shell ligand N,N'-bis(pentafluorophenyl)-o-phenylenediamide(2-) and (F)dad*- is the singly reduced N,N'-bis(pentafluorophenyl)-2,3-dimethyl-1,4-diazabutadiene pi-radical anion, have been synthesized. X-ray crystallographic studies reveal a twisted tetrahedral geometry of the FeN4 coordination polyhedron in both 1 and 2. The electronic structures of 1 and 2 were probed by magnetic susceptibility measurements, 57Fe Mössbauer and electronic spectroscopy, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. In spite of their similar geometries and a common triplet ground state (S(t) = 1), the electronic structures of 1, 2, and the previously reported homoleptic analogue [Fe(III)((F)pda(2-))((F)pda*-)] (3), where (F)pda*- is a one-electron-oxidized form of (F)pda(2-), differ. The electronic structure of 2 consists of two (F)dad*- radicals coupled antiferromagnetically to a high-spin Fe(II) center, whereas in 3, only one (F)pda*- radical is coupled antiferromagnetically to an intermediate-spin Fe(III) ion. This ligand mixed-valent species exhibits class-III behavior. Heteroleptic 1 contains a single (F)dad*- radical coupled antiferromagnetically to an intermediate-spin Fe(III) center but behaves as a class-II ligand mixed-valent species. The observed diversity in the electronic structures of 1-3 is ascribed to the difference in the redox potentials of the ligands. Analysis of reduced orbital charges and spin densities obtained from DFT calculations also suggests that the electronic structures of 1-3 are best described as either a high-spin Fe(II) ion coordinated to two radical monoanions (2) or as an intermediate-spin Fe(III) ion coordinated to one radical monoanion and one closed-shell dianion (1, 3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marat M Khusniyarov
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
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26
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Hill NJ, Vargas-Baca I, Cowley AH. Recent developments in the coordination chemistry of bis(imino)acenaphthene (BIAN) ligands with s- and p-block elements. Dalton Trans 2009:240-53. [DOI: 10.1039/b815079f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Yang P, Yang XJ, Yu J, Liu Y, Zhang C, Deng YH, Wu B. Zinc compounds with or without Zn–Zn bond: Alkali metal reduction of LZnCl2 (L = α-diimine ligands). Dalton Trans 2009:5773-9. [DOI: 10.1039/b904478g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ghosh M, Sproules S, Weyhermüller T, Wieghardt K. (α-Diimine)chromium Complexes: Molecular and Electronic Structures; A Combined Experimental and Density Functional Theoretical Study. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:5963-70. [DOI: 10.1021/ic800290s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Ghosh
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Stephen Sproules
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Thomas Weyhermüller
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Karl Wieghardt
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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Hinchliffe A, Mair FS, McInnes EJL, Pritchard RG, Warren JE. Light group 13 chloride diazadiene complexes: consequences of varying substituent bulk. Dalton Trans 2008:222-33. [DOI: 10.1039/b712911d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Baker RJ, Jones C, Mills DP, Pierce GA, Waugh M. Investigations into the preparation of groups 13–15 N-heterocyclic carbene analogues. Inorganica Chim Acta 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2006.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Tuononen HM, Chivers T, Armstrong A, Fedorchuk C, Boeré RT. Computational modeling of isotropic electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of doublet state main group radicals. J Organomet Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2006.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Muresan N, Chlopek K, Weyhermüller T, Neese F, Wieghardt K. Bis(α-diimine)nickel Complexes: Molecular and Electronic Structure of Three Members of the Electron-Transfer Series [Ni(L)2]z (z = 0, 1+, 2+) (L = 2-Phenyl-1,4-bis(isopropyl)-1,4-diazabutadiene). A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study. Inorg Chem 2007; 46:5327-37. [PMID: 17530843 DOI: 10.1021/ic700407m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
From the reaction of Ni(COD)(2) (COD = cyclooctadiene) in dry diethylether with 2 equiv of 2-phenyl-1,4-bis(isopropyl)-1,4-diazabutadiene (L(Ox))(0) under an Ar atmosphere, dark red, diamagnetic microcrystals of [Ni(II)(L*)(2)] (1) were obtained where (L*)(1-) represents the pi radical anion of neutral (L(Ox))(0) and (L(Red))(2-) is the closed shell, doubly reduced form of (L(Ox))(0). Oxidation of 1 with 1 equiv of ferrocenium hexafluorophosphate in CH(2)Cl(2) yields a paramagnetic (S = 1/2), dark violet precipitate of [Ni(I)(L(Ox))(2)](PF(6)) (2) which represents an oxidatively induced reduction of the central nickel ion. From the same reaction but with 2 equiv of [Fc](PF(6)) in CH(2)Cl(2), light green crystals of [Ni(II)(L(Ox))(2)(FPF(5))](PF(6)) (3) (S = 1) were obtained. If the same reaction was carried out in tetrahydrofuran, crystals of [Ni(II)(L(Ox))(2)(THF)(FPF(5))](PF(6)) x THF (4) (S = 1) were obtained. Compounds 1, 2, 3, and 4 were structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography: 1 and 2 contain a tetrahedral neutral complex and a tetrahedral monocation, respectively, whereas 3 contains the five-coordinate cation [Ni(II)(L(Ox))(2)(FPF(5))](+) with a weakly coordinated PF(6)(-) anion and in 4 the six-coordinate monocation [Ni(II)(L(Ox))(2)(THF)(FPF(5))](+) is present. The electro- and magnetochemistry of 1-4 has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry and SQUID measurements. UV-vis and EPR spectroscopic data for all compounds are reported. The experimental results have been confirmed by broken symmetry DFT calculations of [Ni(II)(L*)(2)](0), [Ni(I)(L(Ox))(2)](+), and [Ni(II)(L(Ox))(2)](2+) in comparison with calculations of the corresponding Zn complexes: [Zn(II)((t)L(Ox))(2)](2+), [Zn(II)((t)L(Ox))((t)L*)](+), [Zn(II)((t)L*)(2)](0), and [Zn(II)((t)L*)((t)L(Red))](-) where ((t)L(Ox))(0) represents the neutral ligand 1,4-di-tert-butyl-1,4-diaza-1,3-butadiene and ((t)L*)(1-) and ((t)L(Red))(2-) are the corresponding one- and two-electron reduced forms. It is clearly established that the electronic structures of both paramagnetic monocations [Ni(I)(L(Ox))(2)](+) (S = 1/2) and [Zn(II)((t)L(Ox))((t)(L*)](+) (S = 1/2) are different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoleta Muresan
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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Muresan N, Weyhermüller T, Wieghardt K. Neutral bis(1,4-diaza-1,3-butadiene)nickel complexes and their corresponding monocations: molecular and electronic structures. A combined experimental and density functional theoretical study. Dalton Trans 2007:4390-8. [PMID: 17909650 DOI: 10.1039/b709390j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of 2 equivalents of 2-methyl-1,4-bis(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-1,4-diaza-1,3-butadiene, ((1)L(Ox))(0), or 2-methyl-1,4-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,4-diaza-1,3-butadiene, ((2)L(Ox))(0), in diethyl ether or n-hexane with 1 equivalent of Ni(cdt) where (cdt)(0) is the ligand cyclododecatriene affords dark red, diamagnetic precipitates of [Ni(II)((1)L )(2)] () and of [Ni(II)((2)L )(2)] (). The ligands ((1)L )(1-) and ((2)L )(1-) are the one-electron reduced, monoanionic pi radicals of the above neutral 1,4-diaza-1,3-butadienes. and have been structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography; both possess a distorted tetrahedral geometry where the dihedral angle theta between the two metallacycles Ni-N-C-C-N is 47.9 degrees and 53 degrees , respectively, (theta = 0 degrees for square planar and 90 degrees for a regular tetrahedral geometry). The reaction of and with 1 equivalent of ferrocenium hexafluorophosphate gives the paramagnetic (S(t) = 1/2) complexes and , respectively: [Ni(I)((1)L(Ox))(2)](PF(6)) (), [Ni(I)((2)L(Ox))(2)](PF(6)) (). Their EPR spectra indicate the presence of a central Ni(i) ion (d(9); S(Ni) = 1/2). Thus, the one-electron oxidation of and by [Fc]PF(6) induces an intramolecular one-electron reduction of the central Ni ion and a concomitant one-electron oxidation of the second pi radical (L )(1-)--> (L(Ox))(0) + e. Broken symmetry DFT calculations (B3LYP) corroborate the correctness of the electronic structure descriptions of . The reaction of ((1)L(Ox))(0) with NiI(2) (1 : 1) in tetrahydrofuran yields tetrahedral [Ni(II)((1)L(Ox))I(2)] () with an S(t) = 1 ground state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoleta Muresan
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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Jones C, Mills DP, Platts JA, Rose RP. Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Theoretical Studies of Complexes of Magnesium and Calcium with Gallium Heterocycles. Inorg Chem 2006; 45:3146-8. [PMID: 16602766 DOI: 10.1021/ic060136j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The magnesium- and calcium-gallium heterocycle complexes [Mg{Ga[(ArNCH)2]}2(THF)3] and [Ca{Ga[(ArNCR)2]}2(THF)4], R = H or Me, Ar = C6H3Pr(i)2-2,6, have been prepared via the reduction of [I2Ga{(ArNCR)2}] with the group 2 metal in tetrahydrofuran. The mechanisms of the reactions have been elucidated, and the crystal structures of the complexes exhibit the first structurally authenticated Ga-Mg and Ga-Ca bonds in molecular species. Theoretical studies suggest that the heterocycle-group 2 metal interactions have significant ionic character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Jones
- Center for Fundamental and Applied Main Group Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Main Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK.
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Tuononen HM, Armstrong AF. Theoretical investigation of paramagnetic group 13 diazabutadiene radicals: insights into the prediction and interpretation of EPR spectroscopy parameters. Dalton Trans 2006:1885-94. [PMID: 16585976 DOI: 10.1039/b514104d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The electronic structures and the spin density distributions of the group 13 1,4-diaza(1,3)butadiene (DAB) radicals [(R-DAB)2M]*, [(R-DAB)MX2] and {[(R-DAB)MX]2}** (M = Al, Ga, In; X = F, Cl, Br, I; R = H, Me, tBu, Ph) are studied using density functional theory at both non-relativistic and relativistic levels of theory. The calculations demonstrate that all systems share a qualitatively similar electronic structure and are primarily ligand centred pi-radicals. The calculated metal, nitrogen and hydrogen hyperfine couplings are found to be independent of the identity of the R-group and the halogen atom. They are, however, dependent on the geometry and oxidation state of the metal centre. Both observed trends contrast what has previously been deduced from the interpretation of experimental EPR and ENDOR spectra. Good agreement between the calculated and experimentally determined hyperfine coupling constants is found only for some of the studied systems. Instances where significant discrepancies between the calculated and experimental values exist can be attributed to the tendency of these systems toward complex solution behaviour, which results in differences between the solid state and solution structures of certain complexes. A careful re-evaluation of the experimental data as well as calculated reaction energies lends strong support to this hypothesis. However, further studies are needed before the identity of some of the studied radical species in solution can be unambiguously determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heikki M Tuononen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.
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Baker RJ, Jones C, Mills DP, Murphy DM, Hey-Hawkins E, Wolf R. The reactivity of gallium-(i), -(ii) and -(iii) heterocycles towards Group 15 substrates: attempts to prepare gallium–terminal pnictinidene complexes. Dalton Trans 2006:64-72. [PMID: 16357962 DOI: 10.1039/b511451a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reactivity of a series of Ga(I), Ga(II) and Ga(III) heterocyclic compounds towards a number of Group 15 substrates has been investigated with a view to prepare examples of gallium-terminal pnictinidene complexes. Although no examples of such complexes were isolated, a number of novel complexes have been prepared. The reactions of the gallium(I) N-heterocyclic carbene analogue, [K(tmeda)][:Ga{[N(Ar)C(H)](2)}] (Ar = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl) with cyclo-(PPh)(5) and PhN[double bond, length as m-dash]NPh led to the unusual anionic spirocyclic complexes, [{kappa(2)P,P'-(PhP)(4)}Ga{[N(Ar)C(H)](2)}](-) and [{kappa(2)N,C-PhNN(H)(C(6)H(4))}Ga{[N(Ar)C(H)](2)}](-), via formal reductions of the Group 15 substrate. The reaction of the digallane(4), [Ga{[N(Ar)C(H)](2)}](2), with (Me(3)Si)N(3) afforded the paramagnetic, dimeric imido-gallane complex, [{[N(Ar)C(H) ](2)}Ga{mu-N(SiMe(3))}](2), via a Ga-Ga bond insertion process. In addition, the new gallium(III) phosphide, [GaI{P(H)Mes*}{[N(Ar)C(H)](2) }], Mes* = C(6)H(2)Bu(t)(3)-2,4,6; was prepared and treated with diazabicycloundecane (DBU) to give [Ga(DBU){P(H)Mes*}{[N(Ar)C(H)](2)}], presumably via a gallium-terminal phosphinidene intermediate, [Ga{[double bond, length as m-dash]PMes*}{[N(Ar)C(H)](2) }]. The possible mechanisms of all reactions are discussed, all new complexes have been crystallographically characterised and all paramagnetic complexes have been studied by ENDOR and/or EPR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Baker
- Centre for Fundamental and Applied Main Group Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Main Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK CF10 3AT
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Tuononen HM, Armstrong AF. Theoretical Investigation of Paramagnetic Diazabutadiene Gallium(III)−Pnictogen Complexes: Insights into the Interpretation and Simulation of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectra. Inorg Chem 2005; 44:8277-84. [PMID: 16270966 DOI: 10.1021/ic050864r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The electronic structures and the spin density distributions of the paramagnetic gallium 1,4-diaza(1,3)butadiene (DAB) model systems [((t)Bu-DAB)Ga(I)[Pn(SiH3)2]]* and the related dipnictogen species [((t)Bu-DAB)Ga[Pn(SiH3)2]2]* (Pn = N, P, As) were studied using density functional theory. The calculations demonstrate that all systems share a qualitatively similar electronic structure and are primarily ligand-centered pi-radicals. The calculated electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) hyperfine coupling constants (HFCCs) for these model systems were optimized using iterative methods and were used to create accurate spectral simulations of the parent radicals [((t)Bu-DAB)Ga(I)[Pn(SiMe3)2]]* (Pn = N, P, or As) and [((t)Bu-DAB)Ga[Pn(SiMe3)2]2]* (Pn = P or As), the EPR spectra of which had not been simulated previously due to their complexity. Excellent agreement was observed between the calculated HFCCs and the optimum values, which can be considered the actual HFCCs for these systems. The computational results also revealed inconsistencies in the published EPR data of some related paramagnetic group 13-DAB complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heikki M Tuononen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FIN-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland.
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Uhl W, Melle S, Prött M. 1,4-Di(isopropyl)-1,4-diazabutadien als Abfangreagenz für monomere Bruchstücke des Tetragalliumclusters Ga4[C(SiMe3)3]4 - Bildung eines ungesättigten GaN2C2-Heterocyclus und eines Oxidationsprodukts mit Ga-O-O-Ga-Gruppe. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.200400536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Baker RJ, Farley RD, Jones C, Mills DP, Kloth M, Murphy DM. An EPR and ENDOR Investigation of a Series of Diazabutadiene-Group 13 Complexes. Chemistry 2005; 11:2972-82. [PMID: 15761911 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200401103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Paramagnetic diazabutadienegallium(II or III) complexes, [(Ar-DAB)2Ga] and [{(Ar-DAB*)GaX}2] (X = Br or I; Ar-DAB = {N(Ar)C(H)}2, Ar = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl), have been prepared by reactions of an anionic gallium N-heterocyclic carbene analogue, [K(tmeda)][:Ga(Ar-DAB)], with either "GaI" or [MoBr2(CO)2(PPh3)2]. A related InIII complex, [(Ar-DAB*)InCl2(thf)], has also been prepared. These compounds were characterised by X-ray crystallography and EPR/ENDOR spectroscopy. The EPR spectra of all metal(III) complexes incorporating the Ar-DAB ligand, [(Ar-DAB(.))MX(2)(thf)(n)] (M = Al, Ga or In; X = Cl or I; n = 0 or 1) and [(Ar-DAB)2Ga], confirmed that the unpaired spin density is primarily ligand centred, with weak hyperfine couplings to Al (a = 2.85 G), Ga (a = 17-25 G) or In (a = 26.1 G) nuclei. Changing the N substituents of the diazabutadiene ligand to tert-butyl groups in the gallium complex, [(tBu-DAB*)GaI2] (tBu-DAB={N(tBu)C(H)}2), changes the unpaired electron spin distribution producing 1H and 14N couplings of 1.4 G and 8.62 G, while the aryl-substituted complex, [(Ar-DAB*)GaI2], produces couplings of about 5.0 G. These variations were also manifested in the gallium couplings, namely aGa approximately 1.4 G for [(tBu-DAB*)GaI2] and aGa approximately 25 G for [(Ar-DAB*)GaI2]. The EPR spectra of the gallium(II) and indium(II) diradical complexes, [{(Ar-DAB*)GaBr}2], [{(Ar-DAB*)GaI}2], [{(tBu-DAB*)GaI}2] and [{(Ar-DAB*)InCl}2], revealed doublet ground states, indicating that the Ga-Ga and In-In bonds prevent dipole-dipole coupling of the two unpaired electrons. The EPR spectrum of the previously reported complex, [(Ar-BIAN*)GaI2] (Ar-BIAN = bis(2,6-diisopropylphenylimino)acenaphthene) is also described. The hyperfine tensors for the imine protons, and the aryl and tert-butyl protons were obtained by ENDOR spectroscopy. In [(Ar-DAB*)GaI2], gallium hyperfine and quadrupolar couplings were detected for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Baker
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, PO Box 912, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
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Abstract
The current renaissance in main group chemistry has been fuelled by the remarkable array of fundamentally interesting yet synthetically applicable low oxidation state p-block compounds that have appeared over the last decade. Their syntheses generally require the ready availability of low oxidation state element halide precursors. In the case of gallium this is provided by the simple to prepare reagent, "GaI", which since it was first reported in 1990, has been utilised in areas as varied as organic synthesis and gallium cluster construction. This article tracks the history of this extraordinary material and highlights its synthetic diversity; hopefully allowing the reader to envisage its application to aspects of their own research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Baker
- Centre for Fundamental and Applied Main Group Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, P.O. Box 912, Park Place, Cardiff, UK CF10 3TB
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Das S, Chakraborty I, Chakravorty A. Rhenium Chemistry of Diazabutadienes and Derived Iminoacetamides Spanning the Valence Domain II−VI. Synthesis, Characterization, and Metal-Promoted Regiospecific Imine Oxidation. Inorg Chem 2003; 42:6545-55. [PMID: 14514332 DOI: 10.1021/ic034586c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of diazabutadienes of type R'N=C(R)-C(R)=NR', L (R = H, Me; R' = cycloalkyl, aryl) with Re(V)OCl(3)(AsPh(3))(2) has furnished Re(V)OCl(3)(L), 1, from which Re(III)(OPPh(3))Cl(3)(L), 2, and Re(V)(NAr)Cl(3)(L), 3, have been synthesized. Chemical oxidation of 2(R = H) by aqueous H(2)O(2) and of 3(R = H) by dilute HNO(3) has yielded Re(IV)(OPPh(3))Cl(3)(L'), 5, and Re(VI)(NAr)Cl(3)(L'), 4, respectively, where L' is the monoionized iminoacetamide ligand R'N=C(H)-C(=O)-NR'(-). Finally, the reaction of Re(V)O(OEt)X(2)(PPh(3))(2) with L has furnished bivalent species of type Re(II)X(2)(L)(2), 6(X = Cl, Br). The X-ray structures of 1 (R = Me, R' = Ph), 3 (R = H, R' = Ph, Ar = Ph), and 4 (R = H, R' = cycloheptyl, Ar = C(6)H(4)Cl) are reported revealing meridional geometry for the ReCl(3) fragment and triple bonding in the ReO (in 1) and ReNAr (in 3 and 4 ) fragments. The cis geometry (two Re-X stretches) of ReX(2)(L)(2) is consistent with maximized Re(II)-L back-bonding. Both ReX(2)(L)(2) and Re(NAr)Cl(3)(L') are paramagnetic (S = (1)/(2)) and display sextet EPR spectra in solution. The g and A values of Re(NAr)Cl(3)(L') are, respectively, lower and higher than those of ReX(2)(L)(2). All the complexes are electroactive in acetonitrile solution. The Re(NAr)Cl(3)(L) species display the Re(VI)/Re(V) couple near 1.0 V versus SCE, and coulometric studies have revealed that, in the oxidative transformation of 3 to 4, the reactive intermediate is Re(VI)(NAr)Cl(3)(L)(+) which undergoes nucleophilic addition of water at an imine site followed by induced electron transfer finally affording 4. In the structure of 3 (R = H, R' = Ph, Ar = Ph), the Re-N bond lying trans to the chloride ligand is approximately 0.1 A shorter than that lying trans to NPh. It is thus logical that the imine function incorporating the former bond is more polarized and therefore subject to more facile nucleophilic attack by water. This is consistent with the regiospecificity of the imine oxidation as revealed by structure determination of 4 (R = H, R' = cycloheptyl, Ar = C(6)H(4)Cl).
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Das
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India
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Baker RJ, Farley RD, Jones C, Kloth M, Murphy DM. The reactivity of diazabutadienes toward low oxidation state Group 13 iodides and the synthesis of a new gallium(i) carbene analogue. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1039/b206605j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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