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Pinto TN, Oliveira LMA, da Costa GL, Costa NS, Francisco EC, Pinto TCA, Oliveira MME. Detection of Hanseniaspora opuntiae in anovaginal samples of pregnant women in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil-a case report. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1394663. [PMID: 38873099 PMCID: PMC11169740 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1394663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we report the first isolation of Hanseniaspora opuntiae obtained from four pregnant women in Brazil. Clinical isolates were obtained from four samples taken between 35 and 37 gestational weeks, as part of the routine antenatal care for maternal colonization screening for Streptococcus agalactiae group B. The patients were immunocompetent, with two of them diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus. Species identification was performed by MALDI-TOF MS and rDNA sequencing. While Hanseniaspora species have not traditionally been considered a typical opportunist pathogen, our findings emphasize the importance of investigating and screening for Hanseniaspora in pregnant populations, highlighting H. opuntiae as a potential agent of human infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane Nobre Pinto
- Laboratório de Cocos Patogênicos e Microbiota, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Laura M. A. Oliveira
- Laboratório de Cocos Patogênicos e Microbiota, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gisela L. da Costa
- Laboratório de Taxonomia, Bioquímica e Bioprospecção de Fungos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Natália Silva Costa
- Laboratório de Cocos Patogênicos e Microbiota, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Tatiana C. A. Pinto
- Laboratório de Cocos Patogênicos e Microbiota, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Manoel M. E. Oliveira
- Laboratório de Taxonomia, Bioquímica e Bioprospecção de Fungos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Glushakova A, Kachalkin A. Yeasts associated with mines on tree leaves in the urban areas. Int Microbiol 2023; 26:1113-1121. [PMID: 37133716 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-023-00370-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Mines on tree leaves and undamaged leaves were studied to investigate yeast complexes in urban areas (Aesculus hippocastanum, miner - Cameraria ohridella; Betula verrucosa, miner - Caloptilia betulicola; Populus nigra, miner - Lithocolletis populifoliella; Quercus robur, miner - Tischeria companella; Salix caprea, miner - Trachys minuta; Syringa vulgaris, miner - Caloptilia syringella; Tilia cordata, miner - Phyllonorycter issikii; Ulmus laevis, miner - Carpatolechia fugitivella). The abundance and taxonomic structure of yeasts were studied using a surface plating method on solid media (GPY agar). Identification of yeast species was based on the ITS rDNA nucleotide sequence. The average abundance of yeasts during the first stages of mine formation in the internal tissues of leaves was 103 cfu/g. After 23-25 days, during the last stage of larval metamorphosis before mine destruction, the abundance of yeasts in the mines increased by two orders of magnitude to 105 cfu/g. No significant differences were observed in the abundance of yeasts in mines formed by different insects on different trees. A total of twelve yeast species were observed. The fast-growing ascomycetous yeasts Hanseniaspora uvarum and H. occidentalis dominated the mines. On undamaged leaves, the basidiomycetous yeasts Papiliotrema flavescens and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, typical in the phyllosphere, dominated. The opportunistic yeast Candida parapsilosis was detected in the yeast complexes of all mines examined and was not found on the surface of leaves. Comparison of the relative abundance of yeast species between the studied mines and undamaged leaves using principal component analysis showed that all studied yeast communities in the mines were significantly different from the epiphytic yeast complexes of the undamaged leaves. Thus, miners in urban environments provoke the formation of short-lived endophytic yeast complexes with high abundance of Hanseniaspora. For leaf miners, the yeasts serve primarily as a food source for insect larvae rich in vitamins and amino acids. The adult leaf miners, in turn, contribute to the reproduction of the yeasts and create favorable conditions for their development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Glushakova
- Soil Science Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234, Moscow, Russia.
- I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, 105064, Russia.
| | - Aleksey Kachalkin
- Soil Science Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234, Moscow, Russia
- G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms of RAS, Pushchino, 142290, Russia
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Gil Ó, Hernández-Pabón JC, Tabares B, Lugo-Sánchez C, Firacative C. Rare Yeasts in Latin America: Uncommon Yet Meaningful. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:747. [PMID: 37504735 PMCID: PMC10381163 DOI: 10.3390/jof9070747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic infections caused by rare yeasts are increasing given the rise in immunocompromised or seriously ill patients. Even though globally, the clinical significance of these emerging opportunistic yeasts is increasingly being recognized, less is known about the epidemiology of rare yeasts in Latin America. This review collects, analyzes, and contributes demographic and clinical data from 495 cases of infection caused by rare yeasts in the region. Among all cases, 32 species of rare yeasts, distributed in 12 genera, have been reported in 8 Latin American countries, with Trichosporon asahii (49.5%), Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (11.1%), and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (7.8%) the most common species found. Patients were mostly male (58.3%), from neonates to 84 years of age. Statistically, surgery and antibiotic use were associated with higher rates of Trichosporon infections, while central venous catheter, leukemia, and cancer were associated with higher rates of Rhodotorula infections. From all cases, fungemia was the predominant diagnosis (50.3%). Patients were mostly treated with amphotericin B (58.7%). Crude mortality was 40.8%, with a higher risk of death from fungemia and T. asahii infections. Culture was the main diagnostic methodology. Antifungal resistance to one or more drugs was reported in various species of rare yeasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar Gil
- Group MICROS Research Incubator, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Rosario, Bogota 111221, Colombia
| | - Juan Camilo Hernández-Pabón
- Group MICROS Research Incubator, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Rosario, Bogota 111221, Colombia
| | - Bryan Tabares
- Group MICROS Research Incubator, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Rosario, Bogota 111221, Colombia
- Unidad de Extensión Hospitalaria, Hospital Universitario Mayor Méderi, Bogota 111411, Colombia
| | - Carlos Lugo-Sánchez
- Group MICROS Research Incubator, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Rosario, Bogota 111221, Colombia
| | - Carolina Firacative
- Studies in Translational Microbiology and Emerging Diseases (MICROS) Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Rosario, Bogota 111221, Colombia
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Falotico JM, Lipner SR. Updated Perspectives on the Diagnosis and Management of Onychomycosis. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2022; 15:1933-1957. [PMID: 36133401 PMCID: PMC9484770 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s362635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Onychomycosis is the most common nail disease encountered in clinical practice and can cause pain, difficulty with ambulation, and psycho-social problems. A thorough history and physical examination, including dermoscopy, should be performed for each patient presenting with nail findings suggestive of onychomycosis. Several approaches are available for definitive diagnostic testing, including potassium hydroxide and microscopy, fungal culture, histopathology, polymerase chain reaction, or a combination of techniques. Confirmatory testing should be performed for each patient prior to initiating any antifungal therapies. There are several different therapeutic options available, including oral and topical medications as well as device-based treatments. Oral antifungals are generally recommended for moderate to severe onychomycosis and have higher cure rates, while topical antifungals are recommended for mild to moderate disease and have more favorable safety profiles. Oral terbinafine, itraconazole, and griseofulvin and topical ciclopirox 8% nail lacquer, efinaconazole 10% solution, and tavaborole 5% solution are approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treatment of onychomycosis in the United States and amorolfine 5% nail lacquer is approved in Europe. Laser treatment is approved in the United States for temporary increases in clear nail, but clinical results are suboptimal. Oral fluconazole is not approved in the United States for onychomycosis treatment, but is frequently used off-label with good efficacy. Several novel oral, topical, and over-the-counter therapies are currently under investigation. Physicians should consider the disease severity, infecting pathogen, medication safety, efficacy and cost, and patient age, comorbidities, medication history, and likelihood of compliance when determining management plans. Onychomycosis is a chronic disease with high recurrence rates and patients should be counseled on an appropriate plan to minimize recurrence risk following effective antifungal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianne M Falotico
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Shari R Lipner
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Department of Dermatology, New York, NY, USA
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Sánchez-Cárdenas CD, Vega-Sánchez DC, González-Suárez TR, Flores-Rivera J, Arenas RG, Corona T. Onychomycosis Caused by Kloeckera apiculata: A Case Report in a Patient with Multiple Sclerosis. Skin Appendage Disord 2022; 8:49-52. [PMID: 35118131 PMCID: PMC8787566 DOI: 10.1159/000518046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the first case of onychomycosis caused by Kloeckera apiculata in a woman with multiple sclerosis. Video-dermoscopic examination showed a spiked pattern and distal irregular aspect. Colonies on Sabouraud agar were white, creamy, and smooth. A microscopic examination showed blastoconidia. MALDI-TOF confirmed Kloeckera apiculata as the causal agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Daniel Sánchez-Cárdenas
- Mycology Department in Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez,”, Mexico City, Mexico,*Carlos Daniel Sánchez Cárdenas,
| | | | | | - José Flores-Rivera
- Clinical Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roberto G. Arenas
- Mycology Department in Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez,”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Teresa Corona
- Clinical Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Mexico City, Mexico
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Sánchez-Cárdenas CD, Vega-Sánchez D, Vargas-Santana SB, Flores-Rivera J, Arenas R, Corona T. Onychomycosis in patients with multiple sclerosis: prevalence, clinical description, mycological, and dermoscopic study in a Mexican population. Int J Dermatol 2021; 60:1102-1108. [PMID: 33855705 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.15580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease related to HLA-DR8. Susceptibility to onychomycosis has been found in Mexican mestizos with HLA-DR8. The frequency of onychomycosis in this neurological disease is unknown. OBJECTIVES To determine the frequency of onychomycosis and its clinical, mycological, and dermoscopic characteristics in patients with MS in comparison with the general population. METHODS Observational, cross-sectional, case-control study in patients with MS from October 2017 to February 2018. Age, gender, MS type, and time of progression from diagnosis to date and baseline treatment were collected after signed informed consent. A neurological exploration and clinical examination of fingernails and toenails for onychomycosis was conducted. Mycological and dermoscopic studies of the infected nails were performed on patients with clinical diagnosis of onychomycosis. A healthy control group was taken for each case (1:1), paired by age and gender. RESULTS The frequency of onychomycosis in patients with MS was higher than the healthy population (32% vs. 26%, P = 0.509). A higher frequency of non-dermatophyte fungi was found, although it was not statistically significant. The clinical manifestations and dermoscopic findings in patients with MS and onychomycosis were similar to those of the general population. CONCLUSION The frequency of onychomycosis in patients with MS is slightly higher than that of the general population. A possible association of HLA-DR8 as a susceptibility factor for onychomycosis is proposed. The etiology of opportunistic fungi in MS patients with onychomycosis may be related to immunosuppressive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diana Vega-Sánchez
- Mycology Section, Dr. Manuel Gea González General Hospital, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sarah B Vargas-Santana
- Clinical Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Flores-Rivera
- Clinical Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roberto Arenas
- Mycology Section, Dr. Manuel Gea González General Hospital, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Teresa Corona
- Clinical Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Mexico City, Mexico
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Rosa LH, Pinto OHB, Šantl-Temkiv T, Convey P, Carvalho-Silva M, Rosa CA, Câmara PEAS. DNA metabarcoding of fungal diversity in air and snow of Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21793. [PMID: 33311553 PMCID: PMC7733504 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78630-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We assessed fungal diversity present in air and freshly deposited snow samples obtained from Livingston Island, Antarctica, using DNA metabarcoding through high throughput sequencing (HTS). A total of 740 m3 of air were pumped through a 0.22 µm membrane. Snow obtained shortly after deposition was kept at room temperature and yielded 3.760 L of water, which was filtered using Sterivex membranes of 0.22 µm mesh size. The total DNA present was extracted and sequenced. We detected 171 fungal amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), 70 from the air and 142 from the snow. They were dominated by the phyla Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Mortierellomycota and Mucoromycota. Pseudogymnoascus, Cladosporium, Mortierella and Penicillium sp. were the most dominant ASVs detected in the air in rank order. In snow, Cladosporium, Pseudogymnoascus, Penicillium, Meyerozyma, Lecidea, Malassezia, Hanseniaspora, Austroplaca, Mortierella, Rhodotorula, Penicillium, Thelebolus, Aspergillus, Poaceicola, Glarea and Lecanora were the dominant ASVs present. In general, the two fungal assemblages displayed high diversity, richness, and dominance indices, with the assemblage found in snow having the highest diversity indices. Of the total fungal ASVs detected, 29 were only present in the air sample and 101 in the snow sample, with only 41 present in both samples; however, when only the dominant taxa from both samples were compared none occurred only in the air and, among the rare portion, 26 taxa occurred in both air and snow. Application of HTS revealed the presence of a more diverse fungal community in the air and snow of Livingston Island in comparison with studies using traditional isolation methods. The assemblages were dominated by cold-adapted and cosmopolitan fungal taxa, including members of the genera Pseudogymnoascus, Malassezia and Rhodotorula, which include some taxa reported as opportunistic. Our results support the hypothesis that the presence of microbiota in the airspora indicates the possibility of dispersal around Antarctica in the air column. However, further aeromycology studies are required to understand the dynamics of fungal dispersal within and beyond Antarctica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Henrique Rosa
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Polar e Conexões Tropicais, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P.O. Box 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31270-901, Brazil.
| | | | - Tina Šantl-Temkiv
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Building 1540 Office 124, 116 Ny Munkegade, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Peter Convey
- British Antarctic Survey, NERC, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, UK
| | | | - Carlos Augusto Rosa
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Polar e Conexões Tropicais, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P.O. Box 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31270-901, Brazil
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Hand dermatitis with Hanseniaspora uvarum as a plausible causative agent. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2018; 35:641-643. [PMID: 30618537 PMCID: PMC6320491 DOI: 10.5114/ada.2018.72854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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[Isolation of Hanseniaspora opuntiae from blood cultures of an immunosuppressed patient: An infrequent and difficult to assess finding]. Rev Iberoam Micol 2018; 35:168-169. [PMID: 30274953 DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Nasirian H. Contamination of cockroaches (Insecta: Blattaria) to medically fungi: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Mycol Med 2017; 27:427-448. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Chen K, Yang X, Zheng F, Long CA. Genome sequencing and analysis of Kloeckera apiculata strain 34-9, a biocontrol agent against postharvest pathogens in citrus. Genes Genomics 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-016-0475-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Albertin W, Setati ME, Miot-Sertier C, Mostert TT, Colonna-Ceccaldi B, Coulon J, Girard P, Moine V, Pillet M, Salin F, Bely M, Divol B, Masneuf-Pomarede I. Hanseniaspora uvarum from Winemaking Environments Show Spatial and Temporal Genetic Clustering. Front Microbiol 2016; 6:1569. [PMID: 26834719 PMCID: PMC4718985 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hanseniaspora uvarum is one of the most abundant yeast species found on grapes and in grape must, at least before the onset of alcoholic fermentation (AF) which is usually performed by Saccharomyces species. The aim of this study was to characterize the genetic and phenotypic variability within the H. uvarum species. One hundred and fifteen strains isolated from winemaking environments in different geographical origins were analyzed using 11 microsatellite markers and a subset of 47 strains were analyzed by AFLP. H. uvarum isolates clustered mainly on the basis of their geographical localization as revealed by microsatellites. In addition, a strong clustering based on year of isolation was evidenced, indicating that the genetic diversity of H. uvarum isolates was related to both spatial and temporal variations. Conversely, clustering analysis based on AFLP data provided a different picture with groups showing no particular characteristics, but provided higher strain discrimination. This result indicated that AFLP approaches are inadequate to establish the genetic relationship between individuals, but allowed good strain discrimination. At the phenotypic level, several extracellular enzymatic activities of enological relevance (pectinase, chitinase, protease, β-glucosidase) were measured but showed low diversity. The impact of environmental factors of enological interest (temperature, anaerobia, and copper addition) on growth was also assessed and showed poor variation. Altogether, this work provided both new analytical tool (microsatellites) and new insights into the genetic and phenotypic diversity of H. uvarum, a yeast species that has previously been identified as a potential candidate for co-inoculation in grape must, but whose intraspecific variability had never been fully assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warren Albertin
- Unité de recherche Œnologie, Institut de la Science de la Vigne et du Vin, University BordeauxVillenave d'Ornon, France; ENSCBP, Bordeaux INPPessac, France
| | - Mathabatha E Setati
- Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Stellenbosch University Matieland, South Africa
| | - Cécile Miot-Sertier
- Unité de recherche Œnologie, Institut de la Science de la Vigne et du Vin, University BordeauxVillenave d'Ornon, France; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut de la Science de la Vigne et du Vin, USC 1366 Institut National de la Recherche AgronomiqueVillenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Talitha T Mostert
- Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Stellenbosch University Matieland, South Africa
| | | | | | | | | | - Myriam Pillet
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR Biodiversité Gènes et Ecosystèmes, PlateForme Génomique Cestas, France
| | - Franck Salin
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR Biodiversité Gènes et Ecosystèmes, PlateForme Génomique Cestas, France
| | - Marina Bely
- Unité de recherche Œnologie, Institut de la Science de la Vigne et du Vin, University Bordeaux Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Benoit Divol
- Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Stellenbosch University Matieland, South Africa
| | - Isabelle Masneuf-Pomarede
- Unité de recherche Œnologie, Institut de la Science de la Vigne et du Vin, University BordeauxVillenave d'Ornon, France; Bordeaux Sciences AgroGradignan, France
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Sundh I, Melin P. Safety and regulation of yeasts used for biocontrol or biopreservation in the food or feed chain. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2010; 99:113-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10482-010-9528-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2010] [Accepted: 11/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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The maintenance of the list of QPS microorganisms intentionally added to food or feed - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Biological Hazards. EFSA J 2008. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2008.923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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