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Jiang W, Xie Q, Li X, Yang Y, Luan T, Ni D, Chen Y, Wang X, Zhao C, Ling X. Y chromosome AZFc microdeletion may have negative effect on embryo euploidy: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:324. [PMID: 38082270 PMCID: PMC10712062 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01760-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Embryo aneuploidy is a main of principal reason of pregnancy loss, in vitro fertilization (IVF) failure and birth defects in offspring. Previous researchs have demonstrated that Y chromosome AZFc microdeletion was associated with reproduction outcomes, however, the relationship between Y chromosome AZFc microdeletion and embryo aneuploidy remains unexplored. METHODS This retrospective cohort study enrolled 513 patients with 603 cycles in the reproductive center of Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital from January 1, 2016 to June 30, 2022. The study cohort was divided into two groups: the AZFc microdeletion group, comprising 53 patients and 58 cycles, and the control group, comprising 460 patients and 545 cycles. Statistical methods including restricted cubic spline and generalized estimating equation (GEE) were employed to evaluate the relationship between Y chromosome AZFc microdeletion and embryo euploidy. RESULTS 294 and 2833 blastocysts were selected as AZFc microdeletion group and control group, respectively. Patients with Y chromosome AZFc microdeletion had significantly higher embryo aneuploid rate (33.0% vs. 27.3%, P < 0.05), lower rate of normal fertilization rate (81.5% vs. 90.3%, P < 0.05) and lower blastocysts formation rate (47.0% vs. 57.8%, P < 0.05) compared with the control group. However, no significant differences in pregnancy outcomes after euploid embryos transfer were observed between these two groups. CONCLUSIONS Our study underscored the association between Y chromosome AZFc microdeletion and an elevated risk of embryo aneuploidy. Before the conventional intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment, couples with Y chromosome AZFc microdeletion should be apprised of the heightened susceptibility to embryo aneuploidy. Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) should be introduced for selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 123 Tianfei Lane, Mochou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210004, China
| | - Qijun Xie
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 123 Tianfei Lane, Mochou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210004, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 123 Tianfei Lane, Mochou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210004, China
| | - Ye Yang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 123 Tianfei Lane, Mochou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210004, China
| | - Ting Luan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 123 Tianfei Lane, Mochou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210004, China
| | - Danyu Ni
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 123 Tianfei Lane, Mochou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210004, China
| | - Yuting Chen
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 123 Tianfei Lane, Mochou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210004, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 123 Tianfei Lane, Mochou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210004, China
| | - Chun Zhao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 123 Tianfei Lane, Mochou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210004, China.
| | - Xiufeng Ling
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 123 Tianfei Lane, Mochou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210004, China.
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Jimbo M, Kunisaki J, Ghaed M, Yu V, Flores HA, Hotaling JM. Fertility in the aging male: a systematic review. Fertil Steril 2022; 118:1022-1034. [PMID: 36509505 PMCID: PMC10914128 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The negative effect of advanced female age on fertility and offspring health is well understood. In comparison, much less is known about the implications of male age on fertility, with many studies showing conflicting results. Nevertheless, increasing evidence suggests that advanced paternal age has negative effects on sperm parameters, reproductive success, and offspring health. Herein, we summarize the current body of knowledge on this controversial topic, with the belief that this review will serve as a resource for the clinicians providing fertility counseling to couples with older male partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Jimbo
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Jason Kunisaki
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Mohammadali Ghaed
- Urology Department, Rasool Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Victor Yu
- University of Nevada Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada
| | - Hunter A Flores
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - James M Hotaling
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.
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Bonus ML, McQueen DB, Ruderman R, Hughes L, Merrion K, Maisenbacher MK, Feinberg E, Boots C. Relationship between paternal factors and embryonic aneuploidy of paternal origin. Fertil Steril 2022; 118:281-288. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Kamiński P, Baszyński J, Jerzak I, Kavanagh BP, Nowacka-Chiari E, Polanin M, Szymański M, Woźniak A, Kozera W. External and Genetic Conditions Determining Male Infertility. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155274. [PMID: 32722328 PMCID: PMC7432692 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We explain environmental and genetic factors determining male genetic conditions and infertility and evaluate the significance of environmental stressors in shaping defensive responses, which is used in the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility. This is done through the impact of external and internal stressors and their instability on sperm parameters and their contribution to immunogenetic disorders and hazardous DNA mutations. As chemical compounds and physical factors play an important role in the induction of immunogenetic disorders and affect the activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic responses, causing oxidative stress, and leading to apoptosis, they downgrade semen quality. These factors are closely connected with male reproductive potential since genetic polymorphisms and mutations in chromosomes 7, X, and Y critically impact on spermatogenesis. Microdeletions in the Azoospermic Factor AZF region directly cause defective sperm production. Among mutations in chromosome 7, impairments in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator CFTR gene are destructive for fertility in cystic fibrosis, when spermatic ducts undergo complete obstruction. This problem was not previously analyzed in such a form. Alongside karyotype abnormalities AZF microdeletions are the reason of spermatogenic failure. Amongst AZF genes, the deleted in azoospermia DAZ gene family is reported as most frequently deleted AZF. Screening of AZF microdeletions is useful in explaining idiopathic cases of male infertility as well as in genetic consulting prior to assisted reproduction. Based on the current state of research we answer the following questions: (1) How do environmental stressors lessen the quality of sperm and reduce male fertility; (2) which chemical elements induce oxidative stress and immunogenetic changes in the male reproductive system; (3) how do polymorphisms correlate with changes in reproductive potential and pro-antioxidative mechanisms as markers of pathophysiological disturbances of the male reproductive condition; (4) how do environmental stressors of immunogenetic disorders accompany male infertility and responses; and (5) what is the distribution and prevalence of environmental and genetic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kamiński
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Szafran St. 1, PL 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, M. Skłodowska-Curie St. 9, PL 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Jędrzej Baszyński
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, M. Skłodowska-Curie St. 9, PL 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Izabela Jerzak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, Zyta St. 28, PL 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland;
| | - Brendan P. Kavanagh
- RCSI Biology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2, Ireland;
| | - Ewa Nowacka-Chiari
- Department of Sport Promotion, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Szafran St. 1, PL 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland;
| | - Mateusz Polanin
- Karol Marcinkowski University Hospital in Zielona Góra, Zyta St. 26, PL 65-045 Zielona Góra, Poland;
| | - Marek Szymański
- Female Pathology and Oncological Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital No. 2, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ujejski St. 75, PL 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
- NZOZ Medical Center Co. Prof. dr. hab. med. Wiesław Szymański, Dr. hab. med. Marek Szymański, Waleniowa St. 24, PL 85-435 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Alina Woźniak
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karłowicz St. 24, PL 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Wojciech Kozera
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, UTP University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz, Seminaryjna St. 5, PL 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
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Cioppi F, Casamonti E, Krausz C. Age-Dependent De Novo Mutations During Spermatogenesis and Their Consequences. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1166:29-46. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-21664-1_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Palermo GD, O'Neill CL, Chow S, Cheung S, Parrella A, Pereira N, Rosenwaks Z. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection: state of the art in humans. Reproduction 2017; 154:F93-F110. [PMID: 29158352 PMCID: PMC5719728 DOI: 10.1530/rep-17-0374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Among infertile couples, 25% involve both male and female factors, while male factor alone accounts for another 25% due to oligo-, astheno-, teratozoospermia, a combination of the three, or even a complete absence of sperm cells in the ejaculate and can lead to a poor prognosis even with the help of assisted reproductive technology (ART). Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has been with us now for a quarter of a century and in spite of the controversy generated since its inception, it remains in the forefront of the techniques utilized in ART. The development of ICSI in 1992 has drastically decreased the impact of male factor, resulting in millions of pregnancies worldwide for couples who, without ICSI, would have had little chance of having their own biological child. This review focuses on the state of the art of ICSI regarding utility of bioassays that evaluate male factor infertility beyond the standard semen analysis and describes the current application and advances in regard to ICSI, particularly the genetic and epigenetic characteristics of spermatozoa and their impact on reproductive outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- G D Palermo
- The Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive MedicineWeill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - C L O'Neill
- The Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive MedicineWeill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - S Chow
- The Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive MedicineWeill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - S Cheung
- The Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive MedicineWeill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - A Parrella
- The Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive MedicineWeill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - N Pereira
- The Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive MedicineWeill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Z Rosenwaks
- The Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive MedicineWeill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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Neusser M, Rogenhofer N, Dürl S, Ochsenkühn R, Trottmann M, Jurinovic V, Steinlein O, von Schönfeldt V, Müller S, Thaler CJ. Increased chromosome 16 disomy rates in human spermatozoa and recurrent spontaneous abortions. Fertil Steril 2015; 104:1130-7.e1-10. [PMID: 26318886 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.07.1160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate if unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSA) are associated with increased rates of aneuploidy in spermatozoa of RSA partners ("RSA-men"). DESIGN Case-control study. SETTING Academic research center. PATIENT(S) Patients enrolled at the Hormone and Fertility Center and controls at the Department of Urology (LMU-Munich). INTERVENTION(S) Sperm samples of 11 partners of unexplained RSA cases evaluated for elevated diploidy and disomy levels of chromosomes 1-22, X, and Y by multicolor sperm fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Aneuploidy rates obtained in RSA-men compared with controls from the literature and internally; an increase of the aneuploidy rate was considered statistically significant, when it differed ≥ 2 standard deviations from the mean baseline level in controls. RESULT(S) Our sperm FISH data on RSA men showed increased disomy rates for at least three chromosomes in more than 60% of patients but no statistically significant increase of the overall mean sperm disomy or diploidy rate. In particular, meiotic errors involving chromosome 16 contributed to increased sperm disomy in more than 60% of our patients. CONCLUSION(S) These data suggest that among paternal meiotic errors nondisjunction of chromosome 16 might have similar relative influence on fetal aneuploidy compared with maternal chromosome 16 disomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Neusser
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nina Rogenhofer
- Division of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephanie Dürl
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Trottmann
- Department of Urology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Vindi Jurinovic
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ortrud Steinlein
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Viktoria von Schönfeldt
- Division of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Müller
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Christian J Thaler
- Division of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Jurewicz J, Radwan M, Sobala W, Polańska K, Radwan P, Jakubowski L, Ulańska A, Hanke W. The relationship between exposure to air pollution and sperm disomy. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2015; 56:50-59. [PMID: 24989325 DOI: 10.1002/em.21883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The causes of the chromosome abnormalities have been studied for decades. It has been suggested that exposure to various environmental agents can induce chromosomal abnormalities in germ cells. This study was designed to address the hypothesis that exposure to specific air pollutants increases sperm disomy. The study population consisted of 212 men who were attending an infertility clinic for diagnostic purposes. They represented a subset of men in a multicenter parent study conducted in Poland to evaluate environmental factors and male fertility. Sperm aneuploidy for chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X, and Y was assessed using multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization. Air quality data were obtained from the AirBase database. After adjusting for age, smoking, alcohol consumption, temperature (90 days), season, past diseases, abstinence interval, distance from the monitoring station, concentration, motility and morphology, positive associations were observed between exposure to PM2.5 and disomy Y (P = 0.001), sex chromosome disomy (P = 0.05) and disomy 21 (P = 0.03). Exposure to PM10 was associated with disomy 21 (P = 0.02). Conversely, exposure to ozone, CO, SO2, and NOx did not affect sperm aneuploidy. A separate analysis conducted among men who were nonsmokers (n = 117) showed that the relationship between PM2.5 and disomy Y and disomy 21 remained significant (P = 0.01, P = 0.05, respectively). The present findings indicate that exposure to air pollution induces sperm aneuploidy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Jurewicz
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
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Hendrie CA, Brewer G, Lewis H, Mills F. Contemporary and historical evidence to suggest that women's preference for age at birth of first child remains consistent across time. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2014; 43:1373-1378. [PMID: 24696388 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-014-0290-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Revised: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Women's ability to reproduce is restricted by menarche and menopause. First children are, however, not typically born until some years after the onset of puberty. Other factors therefore contribute towards this delay. In this context, women's hips do not reach full adult form until they are in their mid-20s. Therefore, physiological and morphological factors appear to determine an optimum age-range for reproduction. The following studies were conducted in order to investigate this hypothesis. Study 1 asked nulliparous women questions about ages at which particular life events related to reproduction should ideally occur. This revealed their preferred age at birth of first child to be approximately 27 years old. Study 2 replicated these findings and further showed that women with children actually had their first child at a very similar age (27.93 [±0.79]). Findings from Study 3 were also remarkably consistent (28.15 [±0.39]). Study 4 examined the 1901 U.K. Census record and incorporated an analysis of the influence of wealth. Middle class women were on average 24.88 (±0.22) years old at the birth of their first child. Poor women were on average 23.50 (±0.20) years old. These figures at least approximate to findings from Studies 1-3, which is noteworthy given that modern contraceptive methods were not widely available at the time. It is concluded that female strategies to delay giving birth to their first child until they are of an age that approaches or coincides with their full hip maturation are enduring across time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin A Hendrie
- Institute of Psychological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, LS2 9JT, UK,
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Le W, Huang S, Gui Y, Luo H, Wu D, Feng H, Zhang J. Assessment of numerical chromosomal abnormalities of the sperms before and after radiotherapy in seminoma patient. Int J Clin Exp Med 2014; 7:703-708. [PMID: 24753766 PMCID: PMC3992411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess numerical sex chromosomal abnormalities of the sperms before and after radiotherapy in seminoma patients and to evaluate their reproduction risks. METHODS Three color Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed on sperms harvested from one seminoma patient before and after radiotherapy and before surgery. The numerical sex chromosomal abnormalities were compared. RESULTS The ratio of 18-X and 18-Y sperm cells among the counted 40944 ones was close to 1:1 at three time points. The incidence of chromosome aneuploidy and diploid rate (18, X, Y) significantly increased after radiotherapy when compared with that before surgery and before radiotherapy. However, no significance was observed in the aneuploid and diploid rate between pre-operation group and pre-radiotherapy (post-operation) group except for the 18-YY karyotype (0.095% vs 0.026%, p<0.05). CONCLUSION Our study shows increased incidence of numerical sex chromosomal abnormalities and high risk for reproductive and genetic diseases in patients treated with radiotherapy. Three colored FISH test is recommended to evaluate the rate of numerical chromosomal abnormalities; PGD and prenatal diagnosis are advised to improve the likelihood of a successful pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Le
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Shengsong Huang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Yaping Gui
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Huarong Luo
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Denglong Wu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Huailiang Feng
- Center for Human Reproduction, North Shore of MedicineManhasset, NY
| | - Jinfu Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tongren HospitalShanghai, China
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Chianese C, Brilli S, Krausz C. Genomic Changes in Spermatozoa of the Aging Male. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2014; 791:13-26. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-7783-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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12
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Durak Aras B, Aras I, Can C, Toprak C, Dikoglu E, Bademci G, Ozdemir M, Cilingir O, Artan S. Exploring the relationship between the severity of oligozoospermia and the frequencies of sperm chromosome aneuploidies. Andrologia 2012; 44:416-22. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2012.01298.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B. Durak Aras
- Department of Medical Genetics; Medical Faculty; Eskişehir Osmangazi University; Eskisehir; Turkey
| | - I. Aras
- Department of Urology; Medical Faculty; Eskişehir Osmangazi University; Eskisehir; Turkey
| | - C. Can
- Department of Urology; Medical Faculty; Eskişehir Osmangazi University; Eskisehir; Turkey
| | - C. Toprak
- Department of Medical Genetics; Medical Faculty; Eskişehir Osmangazi University; Eskisehir; Turkey
| | - E. Dikoglu
- Department of Medical Genetics; Medical Faculty; Eskişehir Osmangazi University; Eskisehir; Turkey
| | - G. Bademci
- Department of Medical Genetics; Medical Faculty; Eskişehir Osmangazi University; Eskisehir; Turkey
| | - M. Ozdemir
- Department of Medical Genetics; Medical Faculty; Eskişehir Osmangazi University; Eskisehir; Turkey
| | - O. Cilingir
- Department of Medical Genetics; Medical Faculty; Eskişehir Osmangazi University; Eskisehir; Turkey
| | - S. Artan
- Department of Medical Genetics; Medical Faculty; Eskişehir Osmangazi University; Eskisehir; Turkey
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The effects of male aging on semen quality, sperm DNA fragmentation and chromosomal abnormalities in an infertile population. J Assist Reprod Genet 2011; 28:425-32. [PMID: 21287403 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-011-9537-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effects of male aging on semen quality, DNA fragmentation and chromosomal abnormalities in the spermatozoa of infertile patients and fertile men. METHODS Semen samples of 140 infertile patients (24-76 years) and 50 men with proven fertility (25-65 years) were analyzed according to WHO guidelines. DNA fragmentation was detected by TUNEL assay, while aneuploidy was assessed by FISH. RESULTS In the patient group, semen volume and vitality of spermatozoa decreased significantly with age, while sperm concentration showed a statistically significant increase with age. DNA fragmentation as well as disomy of sex chromosomes and disomy 8 did not show a statistically significant change with age. However, the diploidy rate was significantly increased with patient's age. In the control group, conventional semen parameters as well as DNA fragmentation and chromosomal abnormalities did not show a statistically significant with age. CONCLUSION Increased age in infertile men is associated with an increase in sperm concentration and diploidy, as well as a decline in semen volume and sperm vitality. However motility, morphology and DNA fragmentation are not affected by male age.
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14
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Fonseka K, Griffin D. Is There a Paternal Age Effect for Aneuploidy? Cytogenet Genome Res 2011; 133:280-91. [DOI: 10.1159/000322816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Molina O, Anton E, Vidal F, Blanco J. Sperm rates of 7q11.23, 15q11q13 and 22q11.2 deletions and duplications: a FISH approach. Hum Genet 2010; 129:35-44. [PMID: 20931230 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-010-0894-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2010] [Accepted: 09/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Genomic disorders are human diseases caused by meiotic chromosomal rearrangements of unstable regions flanked by Low Copy Repeats (LCRs). LCRs act as substrates for Non-Allelic Homologous Recombination (NAHR) leading to deletions and duplications. The aim of this study was to assess the basal frequency of deletions and duplications of the 7q11.23, 15q11-q13 and 22q11.2 regions in spermatozoa from control donors to check differences in the susceptibility to generate anomalies and to assess the contribution of intra- and inter-chromatid NAHR events. Semen samples from ten control donors were processed by FISH. A customized combination of probes was used to discriminate among normal, deleted and duplicated sperm genotypes. A minimum of 10,000 sperm were assessed per sample and region. There were no differences in the mean frequency of deletions and duplications (del + dup) among the 7q11.23, 15q11-q13 and 22q11.2 regions (frequency ± SEM, 0.37 ± 0.02; 0.46 ± 0.07 and 0.27 ± 0.07%, respectively) (P = 0.122). Nevertheless, hierarchical cluster analysis reveals interindividual differences suggesting that particular haplotypes could be the main source of variability in NAHR rates. The mean frequency of deletions was not different from the mean frequency of duplications in the 7q11.23 (P = 0.202) and 15q11-q13 (P = 0.609) regions, indicating a predominant inter-chromatid NAHR. By contrast, in the 22q11.2 region the frequency of deletions slightly exceed duplications (P = 0.032), although at the individual level any donor showed differences. Altogether, our results support the inter-chromatid NAHR as the predominant mechanism involved in the generation of sperm deletions and duplications.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Chromatids/genetics
- Chromosome Aberrations
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7/genetics
- DNA Sequence, Unstable/genetics
- Gene Deletion
- Gene Duplication
- Haplotypes/genetics
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Recombination, Genetic
- Segmental Duplications, Genomic/genetics
- Spermatozoa
- Tissue Donors
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Molina
- Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
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16
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Role of sperm fluorescent in situ hybridization studies in infertile patients: indications, study approach, and clinical relevance. Fertil Steril 2010; 93:1892-902. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.12.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2008] [Revised: 12/19/2008] [Accepted: 12/26/2008] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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17
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Scoring of sperm chromosomal abnormalities by manual and automated approaches: qualitative and quantitative comparisons. Asian J Androl 2009; 12:257-62. [PMID: 20037599 DOI: 10.1038/aja.2009.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now well known that levels of sperm disomy correlate to levels of infertility (as well as other factors). The risk of perpetuating aneuploidy to the offspring of infertile males undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has become a hotly debated issue in assisted reproduction; however, there remain barriers to the practical implementation of offering sperm disomy screening in a clinical setting. The major barrier is the operator time taken to analyze a statistically meaningful (sufficient) number of cells. The introduction of automated 'spot counting' software-hardware combinations presents a potential solution to this problem. In this preliminary validation study, we analyzed 10 patients, both manually and using a commercially available spot counter. Results show a statistically significant correlation between both approaches for scoring of sperm disomy, but no correlation is found when scoring for diploid sperm. The most likely explanation for the latter is an apparent overscoring of two closely associated sperm heads as a single diploid cell. These results, and similar further studies that will ensue, help to inform cost-benefit analyses that individual clinics need to carry out in order to decide whether to adopt sperm aneuploidy screening as a routine tool for the assessment of sperm from men requiring ICSI treatment.
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18
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Abstract
Chromosome anomalies are extraordinarily common in human gametes, with approximately 21% of oocytes and 9% of spermatozoa abnormal. The types of abnormalities are quite different since most abnormal oocytes are aneuploid, whereas the majority of abnormalities in spermatozoa are structural. Chromosomes 21 and 22 (the smallest chromosomes) are over-represented in aneuploid gametes in both oocytes and sperm. Chromosome 16 is also frequently observed in aneuploid oocytes, whereas the sex chromosomes are particularly predisposed to non-disjunction in human sperm. Maternal age is clearly the most significant factor in the aetiology of aneuploidy; theories about the cause of the maternal age effect are discussed. Paternal age does not have a dramatic effect on the frequency of aneuploid sperm; there is some evidence for a modest increase in the frequency of sex chromosomal aneuploidy. Meiotic recombination has a significant effect on the genesis of aneuploidy in both females and males. New techniques, which allow the analysis of recombination along the synaptonemal complex, have yielded interesting new information in healthy and infertile individuals. There is a link between infertility and the genesis of chromosome abnormalities. Future studies will unravel more of the underlying causal factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renée H Martin
- University of Calgary, Department of Medical Genetics, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1.
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19
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Siddighi S, Chan CA, Patton WC, Jacobson JD, Chan PJ. Male Age and Sperm Necrosis in Assisted Reproductive Technologies. Urol Int 2007; 79:231-4. [DOI: 10.1159/000107955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2006] [Accepted: 10/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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20
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Plastira K, Angelopoulou R, Mantas D, Msaouel P, Lyrakou S, Plastiras A, Bolaris S, Baka S, Paparisteidis N. The effects of age on the incidence of aneuploidy rates in spermatozoa of oligoasthenozoospermic patients and its relationship with ICSI outcome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 30:65-72. [PMID: 17073945 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2006.00715.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The development of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for treatment of infertility as a result of severe male factor has improved the chances of achieving pregnancy in many infertile couples. However, concerns have been raised regarding the safety of this technique, because natural sperm selection is bypassed. In the present study, 25 oligoasthenozoospermic patients who were divided into two groups according to age: group A, 20-34 (n = 10) and group B, 35-50 (n = 15), were included. Pooling the data of the three semen parameters that were tested (volume, concentration and progressive motility) no statistically significant difference between the two age groups was found. A total of 50 883 decondensed spermatozoa was analysed using the dual and triple colour fluorescence in situ hybridization to estimate the rates of aneuploidy for chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X and Y in the two age groups. There was a significantly higher incidence of disomy for chromosome 21 compared to the other autosomes (chromosomes 13 and 18) in both age groups. The disomy rate of XY was significantly higher in the younger subject group (0.1%) compared to the older group (0.05%, p < 0.05). Statistically significant differences in the mean number of clinical pregnancies and abortions were not observed between the two age groups. The aneuploidy rates for all the analysed chromosomes did not differ significantly, both between and within the two age groups, and as a result there seems to be no effect of male age on chromosome numbers in the spermatozoa and on the ICSI outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Plastira
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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21
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Dakouane-Giudicelli M, Bergère M, Albert M, Sérazin V, Rouillac-Le Sciellour C, Vialard F, Lédée N, Cussenot O, Giudicelli Y, Selva J. Paternité tardive : aspects spermatiques et génétiques. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 34:855-9. [PMID: 16931096 DOI: 10.1016/j.gyobfe.2006.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2006] [Accepted: 07/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The effect of maternal age on the risk of meiotic abnormality is well documented. In contrast little is known about the effect of the paternal age. The question of the risk related to paternal age is raised because of the increased demand of Assisted Reproduction Techniques for older men. This review focuses on the alterations of male semen parameters, testis histology and genetic risks related to age. The motility, vitality and morphology of spermatozoa and semen volume are found decreasing with age. Histomorphometric studies reveal various alterations including a thickening of the basal membrane when spermatogenesis is arrested. The number of germinal and Sertoli cells decreases with increased age. Up to 95 years old, we could find subjects with complete spermatogenesis. Chromosomal analyses in different studies have provided controversial results. Our investigation on subjects aged from 29 to 102 showed that the rate of aneuploidy in the group of aged subjects with preserved spermatogenesis was not statistically different from the young control group. However the incidence of postmeiotic aneuploidy was increased when spermiogenesis had stopped. On the other hand from epidemiological studies, autosomal dominant diseases are known to be associated with paternal age. However, in the case of achondroplasia and Apert syndrome, direct DNA sperm analysis did not reveal significant increase in the mutation frequency with paternal age.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dakouane-Giudicelli
- Unité de pathologie cellulaire et génétique, UPRES EA 2493, faculté de médecine Paris-Ile-de-France Ouest, université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin, centre hospitalier de Poissy-Saint-Germain-en-Laye, 78303 Poissy cedex, France.
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22
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Godman KM, Sanders K, Rosenberg M, Burton P. Potential sperm donors’, recipients’ and their partners’ opinions towards the release of identifying information in Western Australia. Hum Reprod 2006; 21:3022-6. [PMID: 16849591 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/del274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to examine Western Australian potential sperm donors' and recipients' opinions towards the release of identifying information and their intentions to disclose. METHODS Forty-five potential sperm donors, 33 recipients and 12 partners completed an anonymous questionnaire regarding their opinions on the release of identifying information, whether a child should be told about the manner of their conception, the level of expected contact of donor with future donor offspring and the importance of anonymity in their decision to donate. RESULTS Slightly less than one-half (48.9%) of potential donors indicated that they would still donate if their identity was revealed to future offspring. When asked whether they would consider contact with offspring, 80% responded positively, with 42% favouring one-off contact. The majority of recipients (82%) and partners (92%) were planning to inform their offspring about the manner of their conception, with 69% of recipients believing that the offspring should receive identifying information about the donor. Recipients were ambivalent about the level of contact between their offspring and the donor. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the move to an open-identity donor system in Western Australia will benefit the majority of recipient parents who are intending to disclose; however, it also suggests a 50% decline in the number of potential sperm donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate M Godman
- School of Anatomy and Human Biology, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
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23
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Wyrobek AJ, Eskenazi B, Young S, Arnheim N, Tiemann-Boege I, Jabs EW, Glaser RL, Pearson FS, Evenson D. Advancing age has differential effects on DNA damage, chromatin integrity, gene mutations, and aneuploidies in sperm. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:9601-6. [PMID: 16766665 PMCID: PMC1480453 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0506468103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study compares the relative effects of advancing male age on multiple genomic defects in human sperm [DNA fragmentation index (DFI), chromatin integrity, gene mutations, and numerical chromosomal abnormalities], characterizes the relationships among these defects and with semen quality, and estimates the incidence of susceptible individuals for a well characterized nonclinical nonsmoking group of 97 men (22-80 years). Adjusting for confounders, we found major associations between age and the frequencies of sperm with DFI and fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 gene (FGFR3) mutations associated with achondroplasia (P < 0.01) with no evidence for age thresholds. However, we found no associations between age and the frequencies of sperm with immature chromatin, aneuploidies/diploidies, FGFR2 mutations (Apert syndrome), or sex ratio in this cohort. There were also no consistent correlations among genomic and semen-quality endpoints, except between DFI and sperm motility (r = -0.65, P < 0.001). These findings suggest there are multiple spermatogenic targets for genomically defective sperm with substantially variable susceptibilities to age. Our findings predict that as healthy males age, they have decreased pregnancy success with trends beginning in their early reproductive years, increased risk for producing offspring with achondroplasia mutations, and risk of fathering offspring with Apert syndrome that may vary across cohorts, but with no increased risk for fathering aneuploid offspring (Down, Klinefelter, Turner, triple X, and XYY syndromes) or triploid embryos. Our findings also suggest that the burden of genomic damage in sperm cannot be inferred from semen quality, and that a small fraction of men are at increased risk for transmitting multiple genetic and chromosomal defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Wyrobek
- Biosciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
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24
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Abstract
Sperm are a highly specialized cell type derived to deliver the paternal haploid genome to the oocyte. The epigenetic, or gene regulatory, properties and mechanisms of the sperm assist in preparation of the paternal genome to contribute to embryogenesis and the genome of the zygote. Many recent studies have addressed the issue of altered epigenetic processes in the sperm. This review evaluates the current understanding of DNA damage, chromosome aneuploidy, reduced telomere length, malformations of the centrosome, genomic imprinting errors, altered mRNA profiles, and abnormal nuclear packaging in the sperm prior to fertilization and the observed effects on embryogenesis. Attention has also been given to understanding the underlying etiology of sperm with altered epigenetic mechanisms in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R Emery
- IVF and Andrology Laboratories, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108, USA
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25
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Buwe A, Guttenbach M, Schmid M. Effect of paternal age on the frequency of cytogenetic abnormalities in human spermatozoa. Cytogenet Genome Res 2006; 111:213-28. [PMID: 16192697 DOI: 10.1159/000086892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2005] [Accepted: 05/17/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Many surveys have been performed to find etiological relationships between pregnancy outcome and specific risk factors, such as exposure to chemicals and radiation or parental age. Advanced maternal age is a strong risk factor for trisomic pregnancies, albeit there are considerable variations among the different chromosomes. The definite incidence of the various structural and numerical chromosome aberrations in spontaneous abortions and liveborns is well known, as well as the rate of maternally and paternally derived rearrangements. Nevertheless studies have failed to assert an age-dependent risk for men fathering chromosomally abnormal children. New techniques using fluorescence in situ hybridization render it possible to analyze spermatozoa directly for numerical and, to some extent, for structural aberrations. This article compiles the findings of studies on human spermatozoa over the last few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Buwe
- Department of Human Genetics, Biozentrum, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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26
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Paul S, Harbottle S, Stewart JA. Recruitment of sperm donors: the Newcastle-upon-Tyne experience 1994–2003. Hum Reprod 2005; 21:150-8. [PMID: 16284065 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dei354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The demand for sperm donors has continued despite the introduction of ICSI. This study was undertaken in the light of impending changes in donor anonymity laws to evaluate the recruitment process of sperm donors. METHODS Retrospective analysis of 1101 potential sperm donors in a tertiary referral centre between January 1994 and August 2003. The main outcome measures were to determine the demographic details, recruitment rate and reasons for rejection of donors. RESULTS The majority of the applicants were aged <36 years (88.07%), students (54.88%), without a partner (53.47%), unmarried (85.38%) and without proven fecundity (78.67%). Only 3.63% of the applicants were released as donors, 30.79% defaulted, whilst 64.48% were rejected. The most common reason for rejection was suboptimal semen quality (85.07%). Over the years, the numbers of the applicants and released donors have declined significantly. The overall clinical pregnancy rate from donor sperm during this period was 23.52%. CONCLUSIONS In this successful anonymous sperm donor programme only a small proportion of the applicants are released as donors. The significant decline in released sperm donors coupled with the potential effects of loss of donor anonymity means that new strategies for sperm donor recruitment are urgently required.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Paul
- Newcastle Fertility Centre at Life, Bioscience Centre, International Centre for Life, Times Square, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 4EP, UK
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27
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Arnedo N, Templado C, Sánchez-Blanque Y, Rajmil O, Nogués C. Sperm aneuploidy in fathers of Klinefelter's syndrome offspring assessed by multicolour fluorescent in situ hybridization using probes for chromosomes 6, 13, 18, 21, 22, X and Y. Hum Reprod 2005; 21:524-8. [PMID: 16199425 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dei321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is still unclear if a recurrence risk would exist in fathers of an aneuploid offspring of paternal origin. We have studied disomy frequencies in spermatozoa from fathers having Klinefelter syndrome (KS) offspring or miscarriages. The effect of paternal age on sperm disomy percentages is also analysed. METHODS Parental origin of 17 KS patients was carried out by amplification of X chromosome polymorphisms. Spermatozoa from their fathers were studied by multicolour fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) using probes for chromosomes 6, 13, 18, 21, 22, X and Y. RESULTS In 53% of KS cases studied the additional X chromosome was of paternal origin. The paternally transmitted KS group of fathers showed significantly higher frequencies for XY disomy sperm as compared to fathers of the maternal-origin group. A correlation between paternal age and XY disomy frequencies was only found in the paternally derived cases. In contrast, similar disomy frequencies for all autosomes analysed were found in both groups of fathers. CONCLUSIONS XY disomy frequencies increase with advancing paternal age only in fathers with paternally inherited KS offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Arnedo
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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28
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Dakouane M, Albert M, Bergère M, Sabbagh C, Brayotel F, Vialard F, Lombroso R, Bicchieray L, Selva J. Influence du vieillissement sur la spermatogenèse : évaluation histologique, risque chromosomique et apoptose des spermatozoïdes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 33:659-64. [PMID: 16126445 DOI: 10.1016/j.gyobfe.2005.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2005] [Accepted: 07/12/2005] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The increase of frequency of Assisted Reproductive Techniques (ART) for elder men raises the question of the genetic risk for the offspring. Our aim was to evaluate the influence of ageing on the testicular histology, the aneuploidy rate in testis postmeiotic cells and the DNA fragmentation in sperm. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a histomorphometric study of 36 men aged from 61 to 102 years and 10 young men from 29 to 40 years. The aneuploidy rate was evaluated by fluorescent in situ hybridation (FISH X, Y, 18) and DNA fragmentation in spermatozoa was evaluated by TUNEL. RESULTS Histomorphometry showed various alterations of testicular histology with age including thickening of the basal membrane when spermatogenesis was arrested. The number of germinal cells and Sertoli cells decreased with age with important individual variations. Nevertheless spermatogenesis could be possible until 95 years. The rate of aneuploidy was not influenced by age when spermatogenesis was complete. However, we observed an increased aneuploidy rate in postmeiotic cells when spermiogenesis was arrested. On the other hand apoptosis was not increased with age. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Our study confirms that spermatogenesis is possible until a very advanced age (95 years) without any specific chromosome risk. The question of mutagenesis remains to be solved.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dakouane
- Service d'histologie embryologie cytogénétique, génétique médicale et biologie de reproduction, CHI de Poissy-Saint-Germain-en-Laye, faculté Paris-Ile-de-France-Ouest, université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Poissy, France
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29
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Dakouane M, Bicchieray L, Bergere M, Albert M, Vialard F, Selva J. A histomorphometric and cytogenetic study of testis from men 29–102 years old. Fertil Steril 2005; 83:923-8. [PMID: 15820802 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2004] [Revised: 09/13/2004] [Accepted: 09/13/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the influence of aging on testicular histology and the aneuploidy rate in testis postmeiotic cells. DESIGN Comparison between older men and younger men. SETTING Deceased donors and patients who requested assisted reproductive technology (ART). PATIENT(S) Thirty-six older men (61-102 years old) and 10 younger men (29-40 years old). INTERVENTION(S) Testes were obtained from 35 deceased donors, and testicular biopsies were obtained from 11 patients who requested ART. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Histomorphometry of testis and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), with a three-probe set X, Y, and 18. RESULT(S) The histomorphometric study showed a thickening of the basal membrane when spermatogenesis was arrested. The number of germinal and Sertoli cells decreased as age increased. The rate of aneuploidy of postmeiotic cells was 1.1% for the control group, 1.29% for older subjects with preserved spermatogenesis, and 14.28% for the subjects with an arrested spermiogenesis. Only this last figure was higher than the control group. CONCLUSION(S) The rate of aneuploidy in older subjects (61-95 years old) with preserved spermatogenesis was not statistically different from that found in the control group; it was increased in older subjects with arrested spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mbarka Dakouane
- Laboratoire d'Histologie Embryologie, UFR des Saint Pères, Université Paris V et UFR Paris Ile de France Ouest, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin, Paris.
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30
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Mahmoud KGM, Scholkamy TH, Farghaly A, Nawito MF. Chromosomal Aberrations, Sister Chromatid Exchanges and Nuclear Status of Immature Oocytes in Relation to Age of Dromedary Camels. CYTOLOGIA 2005. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.70.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - T. H. Scholkamy
- Department Field Investigation, Animal Reproduction Research Institute
| | - A. Farghaly
- Department Genetic and Cytology, National Research Center, Egypt
| | - M. F. Nawito
- Department of Animal Reproduction & A.I, National Research Center, Egypt
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31
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The association between male infertility and sperm disomy: evidence for variation in disomy levels among individuals and a correlation between particular semen parameters and disomy of specific chromosome pairs. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2004; 2:82. [PMID: 15598347 PMCID: PMC544866 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-2-82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2004] [Accepted: 12/14/2004] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The association between infertility and sperm disomy is well documented. Results vary but most report that men with severely compromised semen parameters have a significantly elevated proportion of disomic sperm. The relationship between individual semen parameters and segregation of specific chromosome pairs is however less well reported as is the variation of disomy levels in individual men. Methods In order to address these questions the technique of fluorescent in-situ hybridisation (FISH) was utilised to determine the disomy levels of chromosomes X, Y and 21 in 43 sperm samples from 19 infertile males. The results generated from this study were analysed using logistic regression. Results In this study we compared levels of sperm concentration, motility and morphology with levels of sperm disomy for chromosome 21 and the sex chromosomes. Our results suggest that there is considerable variation in disomy levels for certain men. They also suggest that oligozoospermic males have significantly elevated levels of sex chromosome disomy but not disomy 21; they suggest that severe asthenozoospermic males have significantly elevated levels of disomy 21 but not sex chromosome disomy. Surprisingly, severe teratozoopsermic males appeared to have significantly lower levels of sperm disomy for both the sex chromosomes and chromosome 21. Conclusion We suggest that the association between sex chromosome disomy and oligozoospermia may be due to reduced recombination in the XY pairing region and discuss the relevance of our findings for the correlations between sperm disomy and sperm motility and morphology.
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32
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Carrell DT, Emery BR, Wilcox AL, Campbell B, Erickson L, Hatasaka HH, Jones KP, Peterson CM. Sperm chromosome aneuploidy as related to male factor infertility and some ultrastructure defects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 50:181-5. [PMID: 15204685 DOI: 10.1080/01485010490425188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Some men have elevated levels of sperm chromosome aneuploidy. In this study, we have evaluated and summarized sperm aneuploidy rates in male infertility patients and control groups. The mean aneuploidy rate for five chromosomes (X, Y, 13, 18, 21) was 1.2 +/- 0.1 for fertile controls, 1.4 +/- 0.1 for a general population control group, and 5.8 +/- 1.14 for the patients. When the patients were classified by the type of male factor infertility, the total aneuploidy rate was 2.6 +/- 0.3 in men with moderately diminished semen quality (n = 7), 4.0 +/- 0.3 patients with severe teratoasthenooligozoospermia, and 15.9 +/- 3.8 for men with rare ultrastructure defects such as round head only syndrome or severe tail agenesis. Some infertility patients have a severely elevated level of sperm chromosome aneuploidy, which may contribute to infertility or diminish the likelihood of a successful outcome from IVF/ICSI. The severity of sperm chromosome aneuploidy appears to be proportional to the severity of abnormal semen quality: in particular, abnormal morphology. The high rates of aneuploidy in patients with severe ultrastructure defects suggest that caution should be employed in counseling those patients prior to IVF/ICSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- D T Carrell
- Andrology and IVF Laboratories, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108, USA.
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Sloter E, Nath J, Eskenazi B, Wyrobek AJ. Effects of male age on the frequencies of germinal and heritable chromosomal abnormalities in humans and rodents. Fertil Steril 2004; 81:925-43. [PMID: 15066442 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2003] [Revised: 07/09/2003] [Accepted: 07/09/2003] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review evidence regarding the effects of male age on germinal and heritable chromosomal abnormalities using available human and rodent studies and to evaluate possible underlying mechanisms. DESIGN Review of English language-published research using MEDLINE database, excluding case reports and anecdotal data. RESULT(S) There was little evidence from offspring or germ cell studies for a generalized male age effect on autosomal aneuploidy, except in rodents. Sex chromosomal nondisjunction increased with age in both human and rodent male germ cells. Both human and rodent data showed age-related increases in the number of sperm with chromosomal breaks and fragments and suggest that postmeiotic cells are particularly vulnerable to the effects of aging. Translocation frequencies increased with age in murine spermatocytes, at rates comparable to mouse and human somatic cells. Age-related mechanisms of induction may include accumulation of environmental damage, reduced efficiency of DNA repair, increased genomic instability, genetic factors, hormonal influences, suppressed apoptosis, or decreased effectiveness of antioxidants and micronutrients. CONCLUSION(S) The weight of evidence suggests that the increasing trend toward fathering at older ages may have significant effects on the viability and genetic health of human pregnancies and offspring, primarily as a result of structural chromosomal aberrations in sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eddie Sloter
- Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
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Bosch M, Rajmil O, Egozcue J, Templado C. Linear increase of structural and numerical chromosome 9 abnormalities in human sperm regarding age. Eur J Hum Genet 2003; 11:754-9. [PMID: 14512965 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A simultaneous four-colour fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) assay was used in human sperm in order to search for a paternal age effect on: (1) the incidence of structural aberrations and aneuploidy of chromosome 9, and (2) the sex ratio in both normal spermatozoa and spermatozoa with a numerical or structural abnormality of chromosome 9. The sperm samples were collected from 18 healthy donors, aged 24-74 years (mean 48.8 years old). Specific probes for the subtelomeric 9q region (9qter), centromeric regions of chromosomes 6 and 9, and the satellite III region of the Y chromosome were used for FISH analysis. A total of 190,117 sperms were evaluated with a minimum of 10,000 sperm scored from each donor. A significant linear increase in the overall level of duplications and deletions for the centromeric and subtelomeric regions of chromosome 9 (P</=0.002), chromosome 9 disomy (P<0.0001) as well as diploidy (P<0.0001) was detected in relation to age. The percentage of increase for each 10-year period was 29% for chromosome 9 disomy, 18.8% for diploidy, and ranged from 14.6 to 28% for structural aberrations. Our results indicate a linear increase in structural aberrations and disomy for chromosome 9 in sperm with respect to age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercè Bosch
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
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Abstract
Although much of male infertility is currently unexplained, it is likely that underlying defects in critical genes or entire gene pathways are responsible. Because powerful technologies exist to bypass severe male-factor infertility, improving the diagnosis of genetic infertility is important for the infertile couple, not only to explain the problem but also to inform them of conditions potentially transmissible to offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Turek
- Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, 2330 Post Street, San Francisco, California 94115-1695, USA.
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Luetjens CM, Rolf C, Gassner P, Werny JE, Nieschlag E. Sperm aneuploidy rates in younger and older men. Hum Reprod 2002; 17:1826-32. [PMID: 12093846 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/17.7.1826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to assess the possible risk of chromosomal abnormalities in offspring from older fathers, we investigated the effects of age on the frequency of chromosomal aneuploidy rates of human sperm. METHODS AND RESULTS Semen samples were collected from 15 men aged <30 years (24.8 +/- 2.4 years) and from eight men aged >60 years (65.3 +/- 3.9 years) from the general population. No significant differences in ejaculate volume, sperm concentration and sperm morphology were found, whereas sperm motility was significantly lower in older men (P = 0.002). For the hormone values, only FSH was significantly elevated in the older men (P = 0.004). Multicolour fluorescence in-situ hybridization was used to determine the aneuploidy frequencies of two autosomes (9 and 18); and of both sex chromosomes using directly labelled satellite DNA probes on decondensed sperm nuclei. A minimum of 8000 sperm per donor and >330 000 sperm in total were evaluated. The disomy rates per analysed chromosomes were 0.1-2.3% in younger men and 0.1-1.8% in older men. The aneuploidy rate determined for both sex chromosomes and for the autosomes 9 and 18 were not significantly different between the age groups. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that men of advanced age still wanting to become fathers do not have a significantly higher risk of procreating offspring with chromosomal abnormalities compared with younger men.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Luetjens
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Westphalian Wilhelms-University, Domagkstrasse 11, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
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Abstract
The British government is currently considering whether to review the law on information provision for donor offspring. This paper therefore provides an overview of the current international legal situation relating to donor anonymity and a review of the key arguments and evidence on both sides of the debate. While the British government is considering all aspects of information giving, both identifying and non-identifying donor information, this paper will focus on the most contentious issue: the provision of information that would identify the donor. The current legal situation in the UK and internationally is examined, drawing attention to a possible international trend towards more information giving. The evolution of the present British system is outlined and it is asked whether some of the concerns and values that gave rise to the practice of anonymous donation are still relevant today. Looking at the concept of a child's right to know their biological identity it examines the possible basis of such a right and its potential conflict with the perceived interests of the child's parents. Finally, some of the practical obstacles to non-anonymous donation are evaluated. The paper concludes that a review of the British law is both timely and desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Frith
- Department of Primary Care, The University of Liverpool, The Whelan Building, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L69 3GB, UK.
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