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Idrissou MB, Pichard A, Tee B, Kibedi T, Poty S, Pouget JP. Targeted Radionuclide Therapy Using Auger Electron Emitters: The Quest for the Right Vector and the Right Radionuclide. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13070980. [PMID: 34209637 PMCID: PMC8309076 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13070980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Auger electron emitters (AEEs) are attractive tools in targeted radionuclide therapy to specifically irradiate tumour cells while sparing healthy tissues. However, because of their short range, AEEs need to be brought close to sensitive targets, particularly nuclear DNA, and to a lower extent, cell membrane. Therefore, radioimmunoconjugates (RIC) have been developed for specific tumour cell targeting and transportation to the nucleus. Herein, we assessed, in A-431CEA-luc and SK-OV-31B9 cancer cells that express low and high levels of HER2 receptors, two 111In-RIC consisting of the anti-HER2 antibody trastuzumab conjugated to NLS or TAT peptides for nuclear delivery. We found that NLS and TAT peptides improved the nuclear uptake of 111In-trastuzumab conjugates, but this effect was limited and non-specific. Moreover, it did not result in a drastic decrease of clonogenic survival. Indium-111 also contributed to non-specific cytotoxicity in vitro due to conversion electrons (30% of the cell killing). Comparison with [125I]I-UdR showed that the energy released in the cell nucleus by increasing the RIC’s nuclear uptake or by choosing an AEE that releases more energy per decay should be 5 to 10 times higher to observe a significant therapeutic effect. Therefore, new Auger-based radiopharmaceuticals need to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malick Bio Idrissou
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Inserm U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, 34298 Montpellier, France; (M.B.I.); (A.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Alexandre Pichard
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Inserm U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, 34298 Montpellier, France; (M.B.I.); (A.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Bryan Tee
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; (B.T.); (T.K.)
| | - Tibor Kibedi
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; (B.T.); (T.K.)
| | - Sophie Poty
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Inserm U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, 34298 Montpellier, France; (M.B.I.); (A.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Jean-Pierre Pouget
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Inserm U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, 34298 Montpellier, France; (M.B.I.); (A.P.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence:
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Paillas S, Ladjohounlou R, Lozza C, Pichard A, Boudousq V, Jarlier M, Sevestre S, Le Blay M, Deshayes E, Sosabowski J, Chardès T, Navarro-Teulon I, Mairs RJ, Pouget JP. Localized Irradiation of Cell Membrane by Auger Electrons Is Cytotoxic Through Oxidative Stress-Mediated Nontargeted Effects. Antioxid Redox Signal 2016; 25:467-84. [PMID: 27224059 PMCID: PMC5028911 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2015.6309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We investigated whether radiation-induced nontargeted effects are involved in the cytotoxic effects of anticell surface monoclonal antibodies labeled with Auger electron emitters, such as iodine 125 (monoclonal antibodies labeled with (125)I [(125)I-mAbs]). RESULTS We showed that the cytotoxicity of (125)I-mAbs targeting the cell membrane of p53(+/+) HCT116 colon cancer cells is mainly due to nontargeted effects. Targeted and nontargeted cytotoxicities were inhibited in vitro following lipid raft disruption with Methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MBCD) or filipin or use of radical oxygen species scavengers. (125)I-mAb efficacy was associated with acid sphingomyelinase activation and modulated through activation of the AKT, extracellular signal-related kinase ½ (ERK1/2), p38 kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathways, and also of phospholipase C-γ (PLC-γ), proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (PYK-2), and paxillin, involved in Ca(2+) fluxes. Moreover, the nontargeted response induced by directing 5-[(125)I]iodo-2'-deoxyuridine to the nucleus was comparable to that of (125)I-mAb against cell surface receptors. In vivo, we found that the statistical significance of tumor growth delay induced by (125)I-mAb was removed after MBCD treatment and observed oxidative DNA damage beyond the expected Auger electron range. These results suggest the involvement of nontargeted effects in vivo also. INNOVATION Low-energy Auger electrons, such as those emitted by (125)I, have a short tissue range and are usually targeted to the nucleus to maximize their cytotoxicity. In this study, we show that targeting the cancer cell surface with (125)I-mAbs produces a lipid raft-mediated nontargeted response that compensates for the inferior efficacy of non-nuclear targeting. CONCLUSION Our findings describe the mechanisms involved in the efficacy of (125)I-mAbs targeting the cancer cell surface. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 25, 467-484.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salomé Paillas
- 1 Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM) , Montpellier, France .,2 INSERM , U1194, Montpellier, France .,3 Université de Montpellier , Montpellier, France .,4 Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier , Montpellier, France .,5 Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London , London, United Kingdom
| | - Riad Ladjohounlou
- 1 Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM) , Montpellier, France .,2 INSERM , U1194, Montpellier, France .,3 Université de Montpellier , Montpellier, France .,4 Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier , Montpellier, France
| | - Catherine Lozza
- 1 Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM) , Montpellier, France .,2 INSERM , U1194, Montpellier, France .,3 Université de Montpellier , Montpellier, France .,4 Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier , Montpellier, France
| | - Alexandre Pichard
- 1 Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM) , Montpellier, France .,2 INSERM , U1194, Montpellier, France .,3 Université de Montpellier , Montpellier, France .,4 Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier , Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Boudousq
- 1 Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM) , Montpellier, France .,2 INSERM , U1194, Montpellier, France .,3 Université de Montpellier , Montpellier, France .,4 Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier , Montpellier, France
| | - Marta Jarlier
- 4 Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier , Montpellier, France
| | - Samuel Sevestre
- 1 Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM) , Montpellier, France .,2 INSERM , U1194, Montpellier, France .,3 Université de Montpellier , Montpellier, France .,4 Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier , Montpellier, France
| | - Marion Le Blay
- 1 Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM) , Montpellier, France .,2 INSERM , U1194, Montpellier, France .,3 Université de Montpellier , Montpellier, France .,4 Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier , Montpellier, France
| | - Emmanuel Deshayes
- 1 Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM) , Montpellier, France .,2 INSERM , U1194, Montpellier, France .,3 Université de Montpellier , Montpellier, France .,4 Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier , Montpellier, France
| | - Jane Sosabowski
- 5 Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London , London, United Kingdom
| | - Thierry Chardès
- 1 Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM) , Montpellier, France .,2 INSERM , U1194, Montpellier, France .,3 Université de Montpellier , Montpellier, France .,4 Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier , Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Navarro-Teulon
- 1 Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM) , Montpellier, France .,2 INSERM , U1194, Montpellier, France .,3 Université de Montpellier , Montpellier, France .,4 Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier , Montpellier, France
| | - Robert J Mairs
- 6 Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow , Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Jean-Pierre Pouget
- 1 Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM) , Montpellier, France .,2 INSERM , U1194, Montpellier, France .,3 Université de Montpellier , Montpellier, France .,4 Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier , Montpellier, France
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