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Sari M, Unver B, Kilinc HE, Tunc AR, Bek N. Effects of computer use on upper limb musculoskeletal disorders and function in academicians. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2024:1-6. [PMID: 38766735 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2024.2349408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Objectives. This study aimed to investigate the effects of academician's demographic characteristics and computer usage habits on upper limb musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and function. Methods. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with 100 academicians. Data were collected using questionnaires, which included the patient-rated wrist evaluation questionnaire - Turkish version (PRWE-T), the Cornell musculoskeletal discomfort questionnaire - Turkish version (CMDQ-T), the upper extremity functional index - Turkish version (UEFI-T), demographic characteristics and average daily computer usage time. Results. A low-level significant correlation was found between the age of the individuals and the CMDQ-T forearm (p = 0.044; r = 0.202) and CMDQ-T wrist (p = 0.001; r = 0.337) scores. Women had higher CMDQ-T neck scores and lower UEFI-T scores than men (p < 0.05). Academicians who used computers for 6 h a day or more had higher PRWE-T and CMDQ-T neck, shoulder, upper arm and forearm scores, and had a lower UEFI-T score (p < 0.05). Conclusion. Neck, shoulder, upper arm and forearm symptoms were higher and upper extremity function was impaired in academicians who used computers for 6 h a day or more. Besides, gender and age were associated with upper limb MSDs and function, but occupation duration did not affect those outcomes in academicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Sari
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Science, Lokman Hekim University, Turkey
| | - Banu Unver
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Science, Lokman Hekim University, Turkey
| | - Hasan Erkan Kilinc
- Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Faculty, Hacettepe University, Turkey
| | - Azize Reda Tunc
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Science, Lokman Hekim University, Turkey
| | - Nilgun Bek
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Science, Lokman Hekim University, Turkey
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Khadembashiri MM, Khadembashiri MA, Khonji MS, Ahadi T, Forogh B, Mirdamadi N, Ahmadi M, Bagherzadeh Cham M, Soleymanzadeh H, Raissi G. The epidemiology of neck and low back pain in Iran: a national and sub-national analysis from 1990 to 2019. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:1850-1860. [PMID: 38576940 PMCID: PMC10990383 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Neck pain (NP) is a condition influenced by multiple factors. It places a significant burden on individuals suffering from NP and on social and economic systems. On a global scale, low back pain (LBP) stands out as a significant contributor to years lost to disability, and this burden is on the rise due to population growth and aging. Methods The Global Burden of Disease database was used to collect data on the prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability (YLD) of NP and LBP between 1990 and 2019. Various factors, including age group, gender, Iran, and its 31 provinces, were used to classify the data. Results Iran accounted for 0.86 million incident cases of NP in 2019, with age-standardized incident rate per 100 000 population of 934.1. Tehran has the maximum age-standardized prevalence, incidence, and YLD. Iran accounted for the age-standardized incidence rate for LBP per 100 000 population of 3492.9, and it reduced to -8.35% from 1990. Mazandaran exhibits the highest levels of prevalence, incidence, and YLD for LBP in 2019. In Iran, the point prevalence of NP in 2019 was higher in females and increased with age up to 50-54 years for females and 70-74 years for males. However, there is only a slight difference between females and males in Iran regarding LBP prevalence. Conclusions In this study, the authors report the prevalence, incidence, YLD, and age-standardized rates for NP and LBP in the world's general population and Iran's population based on its sub-nations in 1990 and 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tannaz Ahadi
- Neuromusculoskeletal Research Center
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
- School of Medicine
| | - Bijan Forogh
- Neuromusculoskeletal Research Center
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
- School of Medicine
| | - Niloofar Mirdamadi
- Student Research Committee, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ahmadi
- Student Research Committee, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masumeh Bagherzadeh Cham
- Neuromusculoskeletal Research Center
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
- Department of Orthotics and Prosthetics, Iran University of Medical Sciences
| | | | - Gholamreza Raissi
- Neuromusculoskeletal Research Center
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
- School of Medicine
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Yousefiyan R, Kordi Yoosefinejad A, Jalli R, Rezaei I. Comparison of breathing pattern and diaphragmatic motion in patients with unilateral cervical radiculopathy and asymptomatic group. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:498. [PMID: 38071289 PMCID: PMC10710721 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02804-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The associations between neck pain and respiratory dysfunction were clarified in patients with neck pain. There is dearth of evidence on pulmonary dysfunction and diaphragmatic excursion in patients with unilateral cervical radiculopathy (CR). The purpose of this study was to compare the breathing pattern and diaphragmatic excursion in patients with unilateral CR with those in an asymptomatic group. METHODS Twenty-five patients with unilateral CR and 25 asymptomatic individuals aged between 30 and 55 participated in this study. Diaphragmatic motion, breathing pattern, active cervical range of motion and kinesiophobia were investigated in both groups by using fluoroscopy, manual assessment of respiratory motion (MARM), cervical range of motion device, and Tampa scale of kinesiophobia. Statistical significance was set at 0.05. RESULTS No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups with regard to sex, age and body mass index. The mean excursion of the hemi diaphragm on the involved side (the side of CR) was significantly lower than that on the uninvolved side in patients with unilateral CR with a large effect size. The excursion of the involved hemi diaphragm in patients was reduced compared to the matched hemi diaphragm in the control group. There was no significant difference between the hemi diaphragms excursion in the control group. The results of the MARM variables showed that the volume of breathing and the percentage rib cage motion in normal and deep breathing were significantly different between the two groups, but there was no significant difference in the balance of breathing between the two groups. Additionally, the active cervical range of motion was reduced in these patients in comparison to the control group, and it was less on the involved side than on the uninvolved side. CONCLUSION The results of this study revealed a dysfunctional breathing pattern in normal and deep breathing and a unilateral reduction in diaphragmatic excursion on the side of radiculopathy in patients with unilateral CR compared to the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raziyeh Yousefiyan
- Student Research Committee, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amin Kordi Yoosefinejad
- Physical Therapy Department, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 1 Abivardi Avenue, Chamran Blvd, P.O. Box: 71345-1733, Shiraz, Iran
- Rehabilitation Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Jalli
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Iman Rezaei
- Physical Therapy Department, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 1 Abivardi Avenue, Chamran Blvd, P.O. Box: 71345-1733, Shiraz, Iran.
- Rehabilitation Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Christensen SWM, Palsson TS, Krebs HJ, Graven-Nielsen T, Hirata RP. Prolonged slumped sitting causes neck pain and increased axioscapular muscle activity during a computer task in healthy participants - A randomized crossover study. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2023; 110:104020. [PMID: 36958253 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2023.104020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sitting posture may contribute to spinal pain. Effects of postures on pain, sensitivity and muscle activity during computer tasks were investigated. METHODS Twenty-five healthy participants, seated at a workstation without backrest, completed four, 15-min typing tasks: A)Upright with forearm-support; B)Upright without forearm-support; C)Slumped with forearm-support; D)Slumped without forearm-support. Participants rated pain every minute on a numerical rating scale (NRS). RMS-EMG was recorded from upper/lower trapezius (UT, LT), serratus anterior and anterior/middle deltoid. At baseline and after tasks, pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) were recorded bilaterally over the head, UT, and leg. RESULTS All tasks caused clinically relevant increased NRS (≥2/10) compared to baseline (P < 0.001). NRS was higher in Task-D (P < 0.003) and lower in Task-B (P < 0.005) than others. PPTs did not change from baseline. Task-D caused higher UT and LT RMS-EMG (P < 0.02) than other tasks. CONCLUSION A 15-min task caused pain irrespective of posture with some causing larger changes than others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffan Wittrup McPhee Christensen
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Denmark; Department of Physiotherapy, University College of Northern Denmark (UCN), Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Thorvaldur Skuli Palsson
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Denmark; Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Hans Jørgen Krebs
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Denmark
| | - Thomas Graven-Nielsen
- Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Denmark
| | - Rogerio Pessoto Hirata
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Denmark; Sport Sciences - Performance and Technology, Department of Health Science and Technology Aalborg University, Denmark
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Is Neck Pain Related to Sagittal Head and Neck Posture?: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Indian J Orthop 2023; 57:371-403. [PMID: 36825268 PMCID: PMC9941407 DOI: 10.1007/s43465-023-00820-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Background Neck pain (NP) is common in all age groups and adversely affects the patients' entire lifestyle. There exists inconclusive evidence relating faulty craniocervical posture with pain-related disability. This review aims to determine whether sagittal head and neck posture differs in NP and pain-free subjects, to critically appraise the correlation of posture with NP. Methods Of 3796 articles identified at primary search from CINAHL, PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, 26 were included based on eligibility criteria. Mean pooled difference (MPD) and effect size (ES) were calculated to establish relationship among studies, to assess postural correlation with NP measures [Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), neck disability index (NDI), Northwick Park NP Questionnaire (NPQ)] and for age- and gender-wise variation. Risk of bias was assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Results Craniovertebral angle (CVA) had a significant MPD of - 2.93(95% CI - 4.95 to - 0.91). Sagittal head angle (SHA) and forward head posture (FHP) had an insignificant MPD of 1.15 (95% CI - 1.16 to 3.46) and - 0.26 (95% CI - 1.89 to 1.36), respectively. Age- and gender-wise CVA difference was found to be 2.36° and 2.57°, respectively. ES was significant for correlation between CVA and pain intensity [NPRS: - 0.44 (95% CI - 0.61 to - 0.26); VAS: - 0.31 (95% CI - 0.46 to - 0.16)], and between CVA and disability [NDI: - 0.18 (95% CI - 0.31 to - 0.05); NPQ: - 0.47 (95% CI - 0.61 to - 0.320)]. Conclusion CVA differs for age, gender, and pain vs pain-free subjects, and correlates negatively with NP measures. Other surrogate measures (SHA, cranial and cervical angles, FHP) warrant further research. PROSPERO Registration PROSPERO 2021 CRD42021275485.
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Fahmy VF, Momen MAMT, Mostafa NS, Elawady MY. Prevalence, risk factors and quality of life impact of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among school teachers in Cairo, Egypt. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2257. [PMID: 36463148 PMCID: PMC9719209 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14712-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND School teachers constitute an occupational group which reported a high prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs). Different individual, occupational and psychosocial factors have been identified to influence the complex process of WRMSDs. WRMSDs represent an important and costly occupational health problem being responsible for a poor quality of life (QOL) of teachers. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, the risk factors, and the impact of WRMSDs on the QOL of teachers. METHODS 310 full-time teachers from 15 public schools were surveyed using an interview questionnaire about their sociodemographic and occupational characteristics, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and the SF-36 Health Survey (SF-36). RESULTS Self-reported prevalence of WRMSDs at any body part over the past 12 months among teachers was 66.77%. Neck pain (56.1%) was the most prevalent WRMSD followed by shoulders (53.2%), low back (53.2%) and knees (50.6%) pain. Female gender, body mass index, the number of students per classroom, the number of classes per week, different adapted awkward postures and the lack of enough supervisor's psychological support at work were among the risk factors positively associated with WRMSDs. WRMSDs had a negative impact on the physical and mental QOL of teachers with WRMSDs as reflected by their lower scores on all scales of the SF-36 compared to their counterparts without WRMSDs (p ˂ 0.05). CONCLUSION WRMSDs were a highly prevalent problem among teachers in Cairo, Egypt and negatively influencing their physical and mental QOL. Different individual, occupational and psychosocial factors had been shown to be significant predictors for the occurrence of WRMSDs reflecting their complex nature and multifactorial etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Farid Fahmy
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdel Maguid Tolba Momen
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nayera Samy Mostafa
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Yehia Elawady
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo, Egypt
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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Work-Related Upper Extremity Disorders among University Teaching Staff in Ethiopia, 2021: An Institution-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Pain Res Manag 2022; 2022:7744879. [PMID: 35607318 PMCID: PMC9124139 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7744879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Work-related upper extremity disorders (WRUEDs) are aches, pains, tension, and discomfort in the neck, shoulders, arms, wrists, hands, and fingers. The situation is escalating in educational sectors due to a lousy working environment intertwined with extracurricular deeds. However, empirical evidence focusing on academicians in higher education society is negligible. The purpose of this study is to examine the prevalence and risk factors of WRUEDs among university teaching staff in Ethiopia. Materials and Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study design from March to April 2021. A sample of 607 academicians were recruited using a stratified sampling technique, and a self-administered structured Nordic Musculoskeletal questionnaire was used to assess upper extremity disorders during the past 12 months. The collected data were entered into EpiData version 4.6 and analyzed using STATA version 14 software. The association between dependent and independent variables was computed with a binary logistic regression. The association was ascertained using an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) at a p value of <0.05. Results A total of 607 participants correctly completed the questionnaire (response rate of 95.44%). Age ranges from 21 to 70 with a mean of 32.39 (SD ± 6.80)) years, and the majority (76.28%) of them were males. The prevalence of WRUED during the last 12 months was 59.14% [95% CI (55.1, 63.1)]. There is no significant difference in prevalence between males and females (45.14% versus 14%), respectively; χ2 = 0.001; p=0.974. Working more than 8 hours per day [AOR: 2.37; 95% CI (1.40, 4.00)], not performing physical exercise [AOR: 2.34; 95% CI (1.6, 3.45)], and job dissatisfaction [AOR: 2.50; 95% CI (1.69, 3.68)] were factors significantly increased the risk of experiencing WRUEDs. Conclusion This study divulged upper extremity disorder among university teaching staff is pervasive, with more than three-fifth of the academicians were suffering from the condition, and it also indicates that males experienced higher proportions of pain than females. The manifestation of upper extremity disorder was affected by working hours per day, physical activity, and job satisfaction. Optimizing working hours, having a group regular exercise, and proper management of workplace conditions related to job satisfaction are recommended to lessen the condition.
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Investigating the Effect of Keyboard Distance on the Posture and 3D Moments of Wrist and Elbow Joints among Males Using OpenSim. Appl Bionics Biomech 2022; 2022:5751488. [PMID: 35572063 PMCID: PMC9098337 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5751488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) of the upper extremities and computer use are common in modern societies, and both show a growing trend. This study was conducted to determine the posture and 3D moments of wrist and elbow joints at different keyboard distances on a desk. Twelve healthy right-handed male volunteers attended the motion analysis laboratory. A keyboard was placed at three different distances from the participants’ bodies while performing a standard computer task. The workstation was adjusted according to ANSI/HFES-100-2007 standard for each participant to maintain a comfortable ergonomic posture for controlling confounding variables. Qualisys motion capture system, OpenSim (Ver. 4.1), and visual analog scale were used to collect and analyze the data. The highest levels of wrist flexion and radial deviation as well as elbow flexion and pronation were observed when the keyboard was at the edge of the desk. When the keyboard was 8 cm away from the edge of the desk, the right wrist flexion and radial deviation decreased 83% and 89%, respectively. In the left wrist, flexion and radial deviation decreased 94%. With increasing the distance of the keyboard from the edge of the desk, the right elbow flexion, pronation, and left elbow flexion decreased, 95%, 76%, and 85%, respectively. No significant difference was found for the left elbow pronation, wrist, and elbow joint moments, in the studied keyboard distances. However, a cut-off point has to be specified because large keyboard distances cause high extension and flexion of the limbs. The keyboard position relative to the body is an important parameter in computer work and has a significant impact on the posture of the upper extremities. A keyboard should be located at a distance that allows the upper extremities to remain in a neutral position so that the risk of MSDs is reduced.
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Norasi H, Tetteh E, Sarker P, Mirka GA, Hallbeck MS. Exploring the relationship between neck flexion and neck problems in occupational populations: a systematic review of the literature. ERGONOMICS 2022; 65:587-603. [PMID: 34477048 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2021.1976847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the relationship between occupational neck flexion angles and neck problems. The synthesised findings were used to answer three research questions: (1) Is there a positive/negative relationship between neck flexion and neck problems? (2) What is the appropriate angular threshold for neck flexion as a risk factor for neck problems? (3) What are the gaps in our current knowledge? A review of 21 papers revealed (1) a consistent positive correlation between neck flexion and neck problems, and (2) a neck flexion angle of 20° as the most evidence-based (not necessarily the best) cut-off angle separating high- and low-risk neck flexion postures. Future research should focus on the (1) continuous collection of three-dimensional neck postures through longitudinal studies to quantify cumulative exposures of neck postures, and (2) development of standard descriptions of 'neck problems' and 'neck flexion' to facilitate the development of a dose-response relationship. Practitioner summary: Practitioners depend on thresholds for evaluating neck postural exposure using work assessment tools; however, the scientific basis for this is unclear. This systematic review investigated the angular threshold for neck flexion and found 20° of neck flexion with the greatest evidence-based support as the threshold for high-risk neck postural exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Norasi
- Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Healthcare Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Health Care Delivery Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Emmanuel Tetteh
- Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Healthcare Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Health Care Delivery Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Pramiti Sarker
- Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Healthcare Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Gary A Mirka
- Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Healthcare Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Health Care Delivery Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - M Susan Hallbeck
- Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Healthcare Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Health Care Delivery Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Wen-di Z, Zhao-hui C, Hui Z, Meng-xing L, Lu-lu C. Tendon-regulating and bone-setting manipulation plus endurance resistance exercises for female with chronic neck pain. JOURNAL OF ACUPUNCTURE AND TUINA SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11726-021-1271-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Almhdawi KA, Obeidat D, Kanaan SF, Hajela N, Bsoul M, Arabiat A, Alazrai A, Jaber H, Alrabbaie H. University professors' mental and physical well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic and distance teaching. Work 2021; 69:1153-1161. [PMID: 34420997 DOI: 10.3233/wor-205276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Strict strategies including lockdowns and working from home were adopted worldwide during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. University professors suddenly shifted to work from home adopting distance teaching. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and its associated occupational and health factors during COVID-19 among university professors. METHODS A cross-sectional design targeted university professors of all majors in Jordan. The study self-administered survey included demographics and lifestyle data, 12-item Short Form health survey (SF-12), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS 21), professor' evaluation of distance teaching, Neck Disability Index (NDI), and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Descriptive analyses were conducted to demonstrate primary outcome measures data. Factors associated with HRQoL were determined using a multiple variable linear regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 299 university professors successfully completed the study. Participants' SF-12 physical health component score was 74.08 (±18.5) and 65.74 (±21.4) for mental health component. Higher depression, stress, neck disability, and weight change were significantly associated with lower HRQoL level. While higher satisfaction with distance teaching, health self-evaluation, and work load change were significantly associated with higher HRQoL level. The regression model explained 66.7%of the variance in professors' HRQoL (r2 = 0.667, F = 82.83, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Jordanian university professors demonstrated good HRQoL and mental health levels during COVID-19 lockdown. Factors associated with professors' HRQoL should be considered by academic institutions in determining the best occupational setup of teaching activities in future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khader A Almhdawi
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan
| | - Donia Obeidat
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan
| | - Saddam F Kanaan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences-Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan
| | - Nupur Hajela
- Department of Physical Therapy, California State University - Fresno, Fresno, CA, USA
| | - Mohammad Bsoul
- Department of Computer Science and Applications, Faculty of Prince Al-Hussein Bin Abdullah II for Information Technology, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Alaa Arabiat
- Family Medicine Specialist, Department of Family Medicine, The Jordanian Ministry of Health, Jordan
| | - Alza Alazrai
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan
| | - Hanan Jaber
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan
| | - Hassan Alrabbaie
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan
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Razmjou H, Rahnama L, Diaz S. Work status following a cervical spine injury: role of gender and psychosocial flag signs. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOTHERAPY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/21679169.2020.1871512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Razmjou
- Department of Rehabilitation, Holland Orthopedic & Arthritic Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Physical therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Leila Rahnama
- Department of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA
| | - Sanober Diaz
- Department of Rehabilitation, Holland Orthopedic & Arthritic Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
- Working Condition Program, Holland Orthopedic & Arthritic Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
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Efficacy of Deep Cervical Flexor Muscle Training on Neck Pain, Functional Disability, and Muscle Endurance in School Teachers: A Clinical Trial. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:7190808. [PMID: 33521131 PMCID: PMC7817289 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7190808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Neck pain (NP) is a common work-related disorder, with high prevalence in the profession of teaching. The daily duties of a school teacher involve head-down postures while reading and writing, which expose them to the risk of developing NP. Deep cervical flexor (DCF) muscles have been reported to have lower endurance in patients with cervical impairment, which has additionally been associated with disability. There is limited evidence regarding the efficacy of training of DCF muscles in occupational NP. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of DCF muscle training on pain, muscle endurance, and functional disability using pressure biofeedback in school teachers with NP. Methods Sixty-five teachers (age, 25-45 years) with more than 5 years of teaching experience participated in this study. They were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental (E) and control (C) groups. In the E group, the subjects underwent DCF muscle training using pressure biofeedback in addition to conventional exercises for neck pain, while those in the C group underwent conventional exercises only. Pain, muscle endurance, and disability were measured at day 0 (before the treatment) and days 14 and 42 after the treatment. Endurance of DCF muscles was measured by the craniocervical flexion test using pressure biofeedback, pain intensity was measured using the numeric pain rating scale, and functional disability was assessed using the neck disability index questionnaire. This study was performed in accordance with CONSORT guidelines. Results On day 0, there were no significant differences in the age, pain, muscle endurance, and disability levels between the groups. After initiating the intervention, although there were improvements in both groups, there was a statistically significant improvement in muscle endurance, pain, and disability in subjects who received additional training with pressure biofeedback. Conclusions Besides increasing muscle endurance, specific training of DCF muscles in addition to conventional exercises can improve neck pain and functional disability. These results should be further correlated clinically. A dedicated time for exercises at school could help prevent the development of NP in teachers. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03537300 May 24, 2018 (retrospectively registered).
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Parry SP, Coenen P, Shrestha N, O'Sullivan PB, Maher CG, Straker LM. Workplace interventions for increasing standing or walking for decreasing musculoskeletal symptoms in sedentary workers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019; 2019:CD012487. [PMID: 31742666 PMCID: PMC6953379 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012487.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms among sedentary workers is high. Interventions that promote occupational standing or walking have been found to reduce occupational sedentary time, but it is unclear whether these interventions ameliorate musculoskeletal symptoms in sedentary workers. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effectiveness of workplace interventions to increase standing or walking for decreasing musculoskeletal symptoms in sedentary workers. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, Embase, OSH UPDATE, PEDro, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) search portal up to January 2019. We also screened reference lists of primary studies and contacted experts to identify additional studies. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs), cluster-randomised controlled trials (cluster-RCTs), quasi RCTs, and controlled before-and-after (CBA) studies of interventions to reduce or break up workplace sitting by encouraging standing or walking in the workplace among workers with musculoskeletal symptoms. The primary outcome was self-reported intensity or presence of musculoskeletal symptoms by body region and the impact of musculoskeletal symptoms such as pain-related disability. We considered work performance and productivity, sickness absenteeism, and adverse events such as venous disorders or perinatal complications as secondary outcomes. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently screened titles, abstracts, and full-text articles for study eligibility. These review authors independently extracted data and assessed risk of bias. We contacted study authors to request additional data when required. We used GRADE considerations to assess the quality of evidence provided by studies that contributed to the meta-analyses. MAIN RESULTS We found ten studies including three RCTs, five cluster RCTs, and two CBA studies with a total of 955 participants, all from high-income countries. Interventions targeted changes to the physical work environment such as provision of sit-stand or treadmill workstations (four studies), an activity tracker (two studies) for use in individual approaches, and multi-component interventions (five studies). We did not find any studies that specifically targeted only the organisational level components. Two studies assessed pain-related disability. Physical work environment There was no significant difference in the intensity of low back symptoms (standardised mean difference (SMD) -0.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.80 to 0.10; 2 RCTs; low-quality evidence) nor in the intensity of upper back symptoms (SMD -0.48, 95% CI -.096 to 0.00; 2 RCTs; low-quality evidence) in the short term (less than six months) for interventions using sit-stand workstations compared to no intervention. No studies examined discomfort outcomes at medium (six to less than 12 months) or long term (12 months and more). No significant reduction in pain-related disability was noted when a sit-stand workstation was used compared to when no intervention was provided in the medium term (mean difference (MD) -0.4, 95% CI -2.70 to 1.90; 1 RCT; low-quality evidence). Individual approach There was no significant difference in the intensity or presence of low back symptoms (SMD -0.05, 95% CI -0.87 to 0.77; 2 RCTs; low-quality evidence), upper back symptoms (SMD -0.04, 95% CI -0.92 to 0.84; 2 RCTs; low-quality evidence), neck symptoms (SMD -0.05, 95% CI -0.68 to 0.78; 2 RCTs; low-quality evidence), shoulder symptoms (SMD -0.14, 95% CI -0.63 to 0.90; 2 RCTs; low-quality evidence), or elbow/wrist and hand symptoms (SMD -0.30, 95% CI -0.63 to 0.90; 2 RCTs; low-quality evidence) for interventions involving an activity tracker compared to an alternative intervention or no intervention in the short term. No studies provided outcomes at medium term, and only one study examined outcomes at long term. Organisational level No studies evaluated the effects of interventions solely targeted at the organisational level. Multi-component approach There was no significant difference in the proportion of participants reporting low back symptoms (risk ratio (RR) 0.93, 95% CI 0.69 to 1.27; 3 RCTs; low-quality evidence), neck symptoms (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.76 to 1.32; 3 RCTs; low-quality evidence), shoulder symptoms (RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.12 to 5.80; 2 RCTs; very low-quality evidence), and upper back symptoms (RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.76 to 1.32; 3 RCTs; low-quality evidence) for interventions using a multi-component approach compared to no intervention in the short term. Only one RCT examined outcomes at medium term and found no significant difference in low back symptoms (MD -0.40, 95% CI -1.95 to 1.15; 1 RCT; low-quality evidence), upper back symptoms (MD -0.70, 95% CI -2.12 to 0.72; low-quality evidence), and leg symptoms (MD -0.80, 95% CI -2.49 to 0.89; low-quality evidence). There was no significant difference in the proportion of participants reporting low back symptoms (RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.57 to 1.40; 2 RCTs; low-quality evidence), neck symptoms (RR 0.67, 95% CI 0.41 to 1.08; two RCTs; low-quality evidence), and upper back symptoms (RR 0.52, 95% CI 0.08 to 3.29; 2 RCTs; low-quality evidence) for interventions using a multi-component approach compared to no intervention in the long term. There was a statistically significant reduction in pain-related disability following a multi-component intervention compared to no intervention in the medium term (MD -8.80, 95% CI -17.46 to -0.14; 1 RCT; low-quality evidence). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Currently available limited evidence does not show that interventions to increase standing or walking in the workplace reduced musculoskeletal symptoms among sedentary workers at short-, medium-, or long-term follow up. The quality of evidence is low or very low, largely due to study design and small sample sizes. Although the results of this review are not statistically significant, some interventions targeting the physical work environment are suggestive of an intervention effect. Therefore, in the future, larger cluster-RCTs recruiting participants with baseline musculoskeletal symptoms and long-term outcomes are needed to determine whether interventions to increase standing or walking can reduce musculoskeletal symptoms among sedentary workers and can be sustained over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon P Parry
- Curtin UniversitySchool of Physiotherapy and Exercise ScienceKent StreetBentleyPerthWest AustraliaAustralia6102
| | - Pieter Coenen
- Curtin UniversitySchool of Physiotherapy and Exercise ScienceKent StreetBentleyPerthWest AustraliaAustralia6102
- VU University Medical CenterDepartment of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Researchvan der Boechorststraat 7AmsterdamNetherlands1081BT
| | - Nipun Shrestha
- Victoria UniversityInstitute for Health and Sport (IHES)MelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Peter B O'Sullivan
- Curtin UniversitySchool of Physiotherapy and Exercise ScienceKent StreetBentleyPerthWest AustraliaAustralia6102
| | - Christopher G Maher
- University of SydneySydney School of Public HealthLevel 10 North, King George V Building, Missenden Road, CamperdownSydneyNSWAustralia2050
| | - Leon M Straker
- Curtin UniversitySchool of Physiotherapy and Exercise ScienceKent StreetBentleyPerthWest AustraliaAustralia6102
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Kelson DM, Mathiassen SE, Srinivasan D. Trapezius muscle activity variation during computer work performed by individuals with and without neck-shoulder pain. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2019; 81:102908. [PMID: 31422258 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2019.102908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at determining the extent to which individuals with neck-shoulder pain and non-symptomatic individuals differ in muscle activation patterns, when performing computer work, as quantified by exposure variation analysis (EVA). As a secondary aim, we also aimed to quantify the day-to-day reliability of EVA variables describing trapezius muscle activation in a non-symptomatic control group. Thirteen touch-typing computer users (pain: n = 5, non-symptomatic: n = 8) completed three pre-selected computer tasks in the laboratory. Upper trapezius muscle activity was recorded using electromyography and analyzed using EVA with five amplitude and five duration categories. Individuals with neck-shoulder pain spent less time at low amplitudes and exhibited longer uninterrupted periods of muscle activation compared to their non-symptomatic counterparts. Thus, non-symptomatic workers tended to switch between exposure levels more often than individuals with pain. For a majority of EVA variables, ICCs ranged from 0.6 to 0.9, and between-days coefficients of variation were between 0.4 and 2.2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denean M Kelson
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, USA
| | - Svend Erik Mathiassen
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Divya Srinivasan
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, USA.
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16
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Anatomic considerations in headaches associated with cervical sagittal imbalance: A cadaveric biomechanical study. J Clin Neurosci 2019; 65:140-144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Baer JL, Vasavada A, Cohen RG. Neck posture is influenced by anticipation of stepping. Hum Mov Sci 2019; 64:108-122. [PMID: 30710861 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postural deviations such as forward head posture (FHP) are associated with adverse health effects. The causes of these deviations are poorly understood. We hypothesized that anticipating target-directed movement could cause the head to get "ahead of" the body, interfering with optimal head/neck posture, and that the effect may be exacerbated by task difficulty and/or poor inhibitory control. METHOD We assessed posture in 45 healthy young adults standing quietly and when they anticipated walking to place a tray: in a simple condition and in conditions requiring that they bend low or balance an object on the tray. We defined FHP as neck angle relative to torso; we also measured head angle relative to neck and total neck length. We assessed inhibitory control using a Go/No-Go task, Stroop task, and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). RESULTS FHP increased when participants anticipated movement, particularly for more difficult movements. Worse Stroop performance and lower MAAS scores correlated with higher FHP. False alarms on the Go/No-Go task correlated with a more extended head relative to the neck and with shortening of the neck when anticipating movement. CONCLUSIONS Maintaining neutral posture may require inhibition of an impulse to put the head forward of the body when anticipating target-directed movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason L Baer
- Department of Psychology & Communication Studies, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States.
| | - Anita Vasavada
- Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States; Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, WSU, United States
| | - Rajal G Cohen
- Department of Psychology & Communication Studies, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States
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Khosravi F, Peolsson A, Karimi N, Rahnama L. Scapular Upward Rotator Morphologic Characteristics in Individuals With and Without Forward Head Posture: A Case-Control Study. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2019; 38:337-345. [PMID: 29761537 DOI: 10.1002/jum.14693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There are several reports suggesting that forward head posture contributes to alterations in scapular kinematics and muscle activity, leading to the development of shoulder problems. Currently, it is unknown whether forward head posture alters the thickness of the scapular muscles. The aim of this study was to compare the thickness of the serratus anterior and upper and lower trapezius muscles at rest and during loaded isometric contractions in individuals with and without forward head posture. METHODS Twenty individuals with forward head posture and 20 individuals with normal head posture participated in this case-control study. Three separate ultrasound images of the serratus anterior and upper and lower trapezius muscles were captured under 2 randomized conditions: at rest and during a loaded isometric contraction. RESULTS The thickness of each muscle significantly increased from rest to the loaded isometric contraction (P < .001). The only difference between the groups was that the thickness of the serratus anterior muscle at rest in the normal-posture group was larger than that in the forward-posture group (P = .01). CONCLUSIONS Forward head posture appears to be related to atrophy of the serratus anterior muscle, which may contribute to the development of shoulder problems. Further research is required to identify more about the association of forward head posture with the imbalance of shoulder girdle muscles and the impact of head posture on upper quadrant pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Khosravi
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anneli Peolsson
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Physiotherapy, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Noureddin Karimi
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Rahnama
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kim DH, Kim CJ, Son SM. Neck Pain in Adults with Forward Head Posture: Effects of Craniovertebral Angle and Cervical Range of Motion. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2018; 9:309-313. [PMID: 30584494 PMCID: PMC6296804 DOI: 10.24171/j.phrp.2018.9.6.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine whether the cranial vertebral angle (CVA) and the range of motion (ROM) was different between participants with a forward head posture (FHP), with or without pain. Methods Forty-four participants who had FHP participated in this study. The FHP was assessed digitally by measuring a lateral view the CVA for each subject. A cervical ROM device measured the cervical ROM. The volunteers were allocated to either, with pain (n = 22), or without pain (n = 22) groups, and pain was evaluated using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale. Results The FHP in the pain group showed a significant difference in the CVA, and the cervical ROM in both flexion and extension, compared with those in the FHP without pain group (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that the occurrence of cervical area pain was higher amongst subjects who had a decreased CVA and flexion motion. Conclusion This study suggested that decreased CVA and cervical flexion range, were predictive factors for the occurrence of pain in the cervical region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Hyun Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Chonbuk National Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Chang-Ju Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sung-Min Son
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju, Korea
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Ghamkhar L, Kahlaee AH. Is forward head posture relevant to cervical muscles performance and neck pain? A case-control study. Braz J Phys Ther 2018; 23:346-354. [PMID: 30145129 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Forward head posture (FHP) and muscular dysfunction are likely contributing factors to chronic neck pain (CNP) but there are inconsistent findings on the relevance of these factors to clinical CNP characteristics. OBJECTIVE To compare FHP, cervical muscles size and endurance between CNP and asymptomatic participants and to investigate their association with pain and disability and relative involvement of deep/superficial and flexor/extensor muscles. METHODS Thirty-two patients with CNP and 35 asymptomatic participants were included in this case-control study. FHP in standing, extensor and flexor muscles endurance and dimensions were assessed using digital photography, clinical tests and ultrasonographic imaging, respectively. The visual analog scale and neck disability index were also used to evaluate CNP patients' clinical characteristics. RESULTS Deep flexor (mean difference=0.06, 95% CI=0.02-0.11) and extensor muscles size (mean difference=0.07, 95% CI=0.01-0.12) were found to be significantly smaller in CNP patients. CNP patients also demonstrated lower levels of flexor (mean difference=14.68, 95% CI=3.65-25.72) and global extensor endurance capacity. FHP was neither different between the groups nor correlated with any of the dependent variables. Neither FHP nor endurance was correlated with pain/disability. Extensor endurance in both groups and flexor endurance in the asymptomatic group showed significant correlations with muscles size. CONCLUSIONS FHP was found neither different between groups nor correlated with muscle performance or CNP clinical characteristics. While cervical endurance was found lower in CNP patients, it did not show any association with pain/disability. The muscular size-endurance relationship seems to become more complex in the presence of NP. While deep muscles seem to be differentially affected in the presence of CNP, the alterations do not seem to be uniform in the flexor and extensor groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Ghamkhar
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Kahlaee
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Becker JJ, Copeland SL, Botterbusch EL, Cohen RG. Preliminary evidence for feasibility, efficacy, and mechanisms of Alexander technique group classes for chronic neck pain. Complement Ther Med 2018; 39:80-86. [PMID: 30012397 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine feasibility and potential of Alexander technique (AT) group classes for chronic neck pain and to assess changes in self-efficacy, posture, and neck muscle activity as potential mechanisms for pain reduction. DESIGN A single-group, multiple-baseline design, with two pre-tests to control for regression toward the mean, a post-test immediately after the intervention, and another post-test five weeks later to examine retention of benefits. Participants were predominately middle-aged; all had experienced neck pain for at least six months. INTERVENTION Participants attended ten one-hour group classes in AT, an embodied mindful approach that may reduce habitual overactivation of muscles, including superficial neck muscles, over five weeks. OUTCOME MEASURES (1) self-reports: Northwick Park Questionnaire (to assess neck pain and associated disability) and Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire; (2) superficial neck flexor activation and fatigue (assessed by electromyography and power spectral analysis) during the cranio-cervical flexion test; (3) posture during a video game task. RESULTS There were no significant changes in outcomes between pre-tests. All participants completed the intervention. After the intervention: (1) participants reported significantly reduced neck pain; (2) fatigue of the superficial neck flexors during the cranio-cervical flexion test was substantially lower; (3) posture was marginally more upright, as compared to the second pre-intervention values. Changes in pain, self-efficacy, and neck muscle fatigue were retained at the second post-test and tended to be correlated with one another. CONCLUSIONS Group AT classes may provide a cost-effective approach to reducing neck pain by teaching participants to decrease excessive habitual muscle contraction during everyday activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan J Becker
- Department of Psychology & Communication, University of Idaho, USA
| | | | | | - Rajal G Cohen
- Department of Psychology & Communication, University of Idaho, USA.
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James C, James D, Nie V, Schumacher T, Guest M, Tessier J, Marley J, Bohatko-Naismith J, Snodgrass S. Musculoskeletal discomfort and use of computers in the university environment. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2018; 69:128-135. [PMID: 29477320 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2018.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study investigated musculoskeletal discomfort and computer use in university staff, through the use of online questionnaires. Results showed a high prevalence of staff reported musculoskeletal discomfort during the preceding year (80%), with neck (60%), shoulder (53%) and lower back discomfort (47%) being the most common. Most believed discomfort was caused by work, although neck discomfort was significantly less in those reporting excellent mental health (OR 0.44, p < 0.01). Computer navigation was performed primarily by mouse (77%); however, using a touch pad increased the odds (OR 1.17, p < 0.01) of wrist discomfort and the belief it was caused by work (OR 1.19, p < 0.01). Few staff attended ergonomic training (16%) or requested workstation assessments (26%). However, high rates of staff reporting musculoskeletal discomfort sought professional treatment (range: 35.2% wrist/hand to 65.0% shoulder). Strategies are needed to address uptake of preventive measures and reduce reliance on medical treatments following musculoskeletal discomfort in universities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole James
- School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.
| | - Daphne James
- School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Valerie Nie
- School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Tracy Schumacher
- School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Maya Guest
- School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - John Tessier
- School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Jeffrey Marley
- School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | | | - Suzanne Snodgrass
- School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
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Yo K, Tsushima E, Oishi Y, Murase M, Ota S, Matsuda Y, Yamaoki Y, Morihisa R, Uchihira T, Omura T. The Reliabilities of Several Measurement Methods of Cervical Sagittal Alignment in Cases with Cervical Spine Rotation Using X-ray Findings in Cervical Spine Disorders. Spine Surg Relat Res 2018; 2:186-196. [PMID: 31440667 PMCID: PMC6698531 DOI: 10.22603/ssrr.2017-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Several measurement methods designed to provide an understanding of cervical sagittal alignment have been reported, but few studies have compared the reliabilities of these measurement methods. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the intraexaminer and interexaminer reliabilities of several cervical sagittal alignment measurement methods and of the rotated cervical spine using plain lateral cervical spine X-rays of patients with cervical spine disorders. Methods Five different measurement methods (Borden's method; Ishihara index method (Ishihara method); C2-7 Cobb method (C2-7 Cobb); posterior tangent method: absolute rotation angle C2-7 (ARA); and classification of cervical spine alignment (CCSA)) were applied by seven examiners to plain lateral cervical spine X-rays of 20 patients (10 randomly extracted cases from a rotated cervical spine group and 10 from a nonrotated group) with cervical spine disorders. Case 1 and Case 2 intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to analyze intraexaminer and interexaminer reliabilities. The necessary number of measurements and the necessary number of examiners were also determined. The target coefficient of correlation was set at ≥0.81 (almost perfect ICC). Results In both groups, an ICC(1, 1) ≥ 0.81 was obtained with Borden's method, the Ishihara method, C2-7 Cobb, and ARA by all examiners. The necessary number of measurements was 1. With CCSA, a kappa coefficient of at least 0.9 was obtained. In both groups, with Borden's method, the Ishihara method, C2-7 Cobb, and ARA, the ICC(2, 1) was ≥0.9, indicating that the necessary number of examiners was 1. The standard error of measurement (SEM) was lowest with Borden's method, and the Ishihara method and C2-7 Cobb had almost the same values. Conclusions Among cervical sagittal alignment measurement methods for cervical spine disorders, regardless of cervical spine rotation, Borden's method, Ishihara method, and C2-7 Cobb offer stronger reliability in terms of the ICC and SEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyonori Yo
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hamawaki Orthopaedic Clinic, Hiroshima, Japan.,Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Aomori, Japan
| | - Eiki Tsushima
- Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Aomori, Japan
| | - Yosuke Oishi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hamawaki Orthopaedic Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masaaki Murase
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hamawaki Orthopaedic Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shoko Ota
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hamawaki Orthopaedic Clinic, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoko Matsuda
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hamawaki Orthopaedic Clinic, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yamaoki
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hamawaki Orthopaedic Clinic, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Rie Morihisa
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hamawaki Orthopaedic Clinic, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takahiro Uchihira
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hamawaki Orthopaedic Clinic, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Omura
- Department of Radiology, Hamawaki Orthopaedic Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
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Cho J, Lee E, Lee S. Upper thoracic spine mobilization and mobility exercise versus upper cervical spine mobilization and stabilization exercise in individuals with forward head posture: a randomized clinical trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2017; 18:525. [PMID: 29233164 PMCID: PMC5727966 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-017-1889-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although upper cervical and upper thoracic spine mobilization plus therapeutic exercises are common interventions for the management of forward head posture (FHP), no study has directly compared the effectiveness of cervical spine mobilization and stabilization exercise with that of thoracic spine mobilization and mobility exercise in individuals with FHP. Methods Thirty-two participants with FHP were randomized into the cervical group or the thoracic group. The treatment period was 4 weeks, with follow-up assessment at 4 and 6 weeks after the initial examination. Outcome measures including the craniovertebral angle (CVA), cervical range of motion, numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), pressure pain threshold, neck disability index (NDI), and global rating of change (GRC) were collected. Data were examined with a two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (group × time). Results Participants in the thoracic group demonstrated significant improvements (p < .05) in CVA, cervical extension, NPRS, and NDI at the 6-week follow-up compared with those in the cervical group. In addition, 11 of 15 (68.8%) participants in the thoracic group compared with 8 of 16 participants (50%) in the cervical group showed a GRC score of +4 or higher at the 4-week follow-up. Conclusions The combination of upper thoracic spine mobilization and mobility exercise demonstrated better overall short-term outcomes in CVA (standing position), cervical extension, NPRS, NDI, and GRC compared with upper cervical spine mobilization and stabilization exercise in individuals with FHP. Trial registration KCT0002307, April 11, 2017 (retrospectively registered).
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Affiliation(s)
- Juchul Cho
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Sahmyook University, 815, Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eunsang Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Sahmyook University, 815, Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seungwon Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University, 815, Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, South Korea.
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The Prevalence, Risk Factors and Consequences of Neck Pain in Office Employees. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/mejrh.42031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Parry SP, Coenen P, O'Sullivan PB, Maher CG, Straker LM. Workplace interventions for increasing standing or walking for decreasing musculoskeletal symptoms in sedentary workers. Hippokratia 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon P Parry
- Curtin University; School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science; Kent Street Bentley Perth West Australia Australia 6102
| | - Pieter Coenen
- Curtin University; School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science; Kent Street Bentley Perth West Australia Australia 6102
- VU University Medical Center; Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; van der Boechorststraat 7 Amsterdam Netherlands 1081BT
| | - Peter B O'Sullivan
- Curtin University; School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science; Kent Street Bentley Perth West Australia Australia 6102
| | - Christopher G Maher
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney; The George Institute for Global Health; PO Box M201 Missenden Road Sydney NSW Australia 2050
| | - Leon M Straker
- Curtin University; School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science; Kent Street Bentley Perth West Australia Australia 6102
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Ruivo RM, Pezarat-Correia P, Carita AI. Effects of a Resistance and Stretching Training Program on Forward Head and Protracted Shoulder Posture in Adolescents. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2017; 40:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kim EK, Kang JH, Lee HT. The effect of the shoulder stability exercise using resistant vibration stimulus on forward head posture and muscle activity. J Phys Ther Sci 2016; 28:3070-3073. [PMID: 27942122 PMCID: PMC5140802 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.28.3070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to analyze shoulder stabilization using resistant
vibration stimulus during bodyblade exercise followed by forward head posture improvement.
[Subjects and Methods] Craniovertebral angle and cranial rotation angle were measured with
24 patients who were diagnosed with forward head posture. The experimental group conducted
bodyblade exercise for 6 weeks and all patients received conventional physical therapy.
The craniovertebral angle and cranial rotation angle were measured using a diagnostic
imaging device to measure the change in forward head posture. Sternocleidomastoid, upper
trapezius and serratus anterior muscle activity were measured using surface
electromyography, voluntary contraction was converting into a percentage and mean value
was calculated. [Results] The experimental group showed a significant increase in the
comparison of the results of both groups before and after the intervention. The comparing
group showed no significant difference. The experimental group showed the significant
difference in mean value after the intervention in the comparison between the groups.
[Conclusion] Resistant vibration stimulus by bodyblade controlled shoulder muscle activity
causing scapular stabilization followed by neck position stability improvement.
Rehabilitation program that activates whole kinetic chain of proximal and distal muscles
such as bodyblade will show more effective improvement when choosing rehabilitation
program for neck and shoulder disease clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Kyung Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Seonam University, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Ho Kang
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Taek Lee
- Department of Rehabilitative & Assistive Technology, National Rehabilitation Center, Republic of Korea
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Johnston V. Consequences and management of neck pain by female office workers: results of a survey and clinical assessment. Arch Physiother 2016; 6:8. [PMID: 29340190 PMCID: PMC5759915 DOI: 10.1186/s40945-016-0023-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neck pain is common in office workers. However, the functional consequences of this pain to the individual and how they are managed are not well known. The objective of this study is understand the impact of neck pain and the strategies female office workers use to manage their pain while remaining at work. Methods Female office workers with neck pain (n = 174) completed a survey about the impact of their neck pain, with 51 attending a university clinic for further assessment. Consequences of neck pain were evaluated with questions on self-reported work absence, workers' compensation claims, health care use, impact on work and leisure activity, and management strategies. Responses to survey questions were analysed using descriptive analyses. Results The results showed that during the preceding 12 months, 57.5 % of participants had consulted a health professional due to neck pain; 42 % had reduced their leisure activities; 22.4 % had reduced their work activity and 20.7 % had been absent from work. Only 5.2 % had ever submitted a workers' compensation claim and 9 % indicated changing jobs due to neck pain. Of the 51 participants who attended for further assessment, 35.3 % indicated they 'self-managed' their neck pain with conventional medical strategies. Common strategies utilized were: prescription or over-the-counter medications (82.5 %), physiotherapy (64.7 %) and visiting their general medical practitioner (54.9 %). Conclusions Although the severity of neck pain experienced by female office workers in this study was low, the impact on work and leisure was substantial. These workers tended to self-manage their pain by reducing work and/or leisure activity and utilizing passive coping strategies to remain at work. Physiotherapists are ideally suited to provide self-management strategies to ensure workers remain healthy while working.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venerina Johnston
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Lee KC, Chiu TTW, Lam TH. Psychometric properties of the Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire in patients with neck pain. Clin Rehabil 2016; 20:909-20. [PMID: 17008342 DOI: 10.1177/026921550506072186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: To translate the Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire and investigate the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the questionnaire in patients with neck pain. Design: Observational cross-sectional and prospective study. Setting: Physiotherapy outpatient departments. Subjects: Four samples with 476 consecutive adult patients with neck pain from four physiotherapy centres. Methods: The original questionnaire was translated into Chinese by forward and backward translation and reviewed by a panel of experts. The subjects completed the Chinese version of the fear-avoidance questionnaire, Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire, Medical Outcomes 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey and their pain intensity was measured using an 11-point pain numerical rating scale. They were observed and measured at the beginning of physiotherapy, at week 3 and at week 6 after treatment began. Results: The questionnaire had very good content validity and test-retest reliability with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.81 and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.90. Spearman’s correlation coefficients between fear-avoidance and the neck pain questionnaire, the health survey (physical), health survey (mental) and pain scale were 0.56, 0.45, 0.36 and 0.34, respectively. The standard response mean and effect size at week 6 were 0.38 and 0.32, respectively. Factor analysis yielded three factors which accounted for 61.6% of the total variance of the questionnaire. Conclusion: The Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool for patients with neck pain. It has been shown to demonstrate very good content validity, a high degree of test-retest reliability and internal consistency, good construct validity and medium responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwok-Chung Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
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Yoo WG. Effect of the different ages and visual display terminal use on repositioning and lumbar muscle activity during continuous sitting. J Phys Ther Sci 2016; 28:868-9. [PMID: 27134374 PMCID: PMC4842455 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.28.868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different ages and
visual display terminal (VDT) use on repositioning and lumbar muscle activity during
continuous sitting. [Subjects] Thirteen males two groups: 7 males in their 20s, 6 males in
their 40s participated in this study. [Methods] The two groups watched a lecture in a
seated position under different conditions. L4 paraspinal muscle activity was recorded
using a surface electromyography system. Repositioning was assessed using a video camera
and Tekscan system. [Results] The repositioning times decreased significantly in the order
to without a VDT in males in their 20s and 40s > with a VDT in males in their 20s >
with a VDT in males in their 40s. The L4 paraspinal muscle activity significantly
increased in order to without a VDT in males in their 20s and 40s < with a VDT in males
in their 20s < with a VDT in males in their 40s. [Conclusion] The results of this study
suggest that the number of repositioning movements during continuous sitting could affect
lumbar muscle activity and could be an important factor for prevention of low back
pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Gyu Yoo
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inje University: 607 Obangdong, Gimhae, Gyeongsangnam-do 621-749, Republic of Korea
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The effects of training and detraining after an 8 month resistance and stretching training program on forward head and protracted shoulder postures in adolescents: Randomised controlled study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 21:76-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.math.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Han J, Park S, Kim Y, Choi Y, Lyu H. Effects of forward head posture on forced vital capacity and respiratory muscles activity. J Phys Ther Sci 2016; 28:128-31. [PMID: 26957743 PMCID: PMC4755989 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.28.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study investigated the effects of forward head posture on forced vital capacity and deep breathing. [Subjects] Twenty-six subjects, divided into the two groups (normal and forward head posture groups), participated in this study. [Methods] Forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 second were measured using respiratory function instrumentation that met the American Thoracic Society's recommendation for diagnostic spirometry. Accessory respiratory muscle activity during deep breathing was measured by electromyography. A Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the measure variables between the normal and forward head posture group. [Results] Forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 second were significantly lower in the forward head posture group than in the normal group. Accessory respiratory muscle activity was also lower in the forward head posture group than in the normal group. In particular, the sternocleidomastoid and pectoralis major activity of the forward head posture group was significantly lower than that of normal group. Activities of the other muscles were generally decreased with forward head posture, but were not significantly different between the two groups. [Conclusion] These results indicate that forward head posture could reduce vital capacity, possibly because of weakness or disharmony of the accessory respiratory muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintae Han
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Science, Kyungsung University, Republic of Korea
| | - Soojin Park
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Science, Kyungsung University, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngju Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Clinical Pharmacy and Health, Kyungsung University, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonsung Choi
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Science, Kyungsung University, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonnam Lyu
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Science, Kyungsung University, Republic of Korea
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Subbarayalu AV. Measurement of craniovertebral angle by the Modified Head Posture Spinal Curvature Instrument: A reliability and validity study. Physiother Theory Pract 2016; 32:144-52. [PMID: 26756923 DOI: 10.3109/09593985.2015.1099172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The Modified Head Posture Spinal Curvature Instrument (MHPSCI) is an extension of the Head Posture Spinal Curvature Instrument. Two specific modifications were made in the original design by adding a third arm projecting horizontally from the protractor to objectively fix the pivot exactly over the C7 vertebra and the addition of a spirit-level to properly align the instrument. In order to demonstrate reliability and validity, this study was conducted using patients with postural neck pain (N = 65) and healthy subjects (N = 20). All the subjects were working at a selected Information Technology Industry in India and had been recruited using a criterion-based sampling approach. The craniovertebral (CV) angle of each subject was evaluated by two raters consecutively. The measurements were taken by using both MHPSCI and the standard photographic method in a standardized sitting posture for the purpose of establishing criterion-validity of the instrument. The results of this study indicate a good inter-rater reliability (ICC = 0.76; CI = 0.65-0.84) as well as intra-rater reliability (ICC = 0.87; CI = 0.82-0.91) between three successive CV angle measurements (with 2 minutes interval between each measurement) through MHPSCI. While keeping the digital photographic measurement as a standard, this study established that the MHPSCI is a valid tool for measuring the CV angle as shown by non-significant difference (p > 0.01) and high correlation between the two methods (r = 0.79-0.84). This study demonstrates that the MHPSCI is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring CV angle in subjects with or without postural neck pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Vijay Subbarayalu
- a Quality Studies and Research Unit, Deanship of Quality and Academic Accreditation, University of Dammam , Dammam , Saudi Arabia
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Mohammad WS, Hamza HH, ElSais WM. Assessment of neck pain and cervical mobility among female computer workers at Hail University. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2015; 21:105-10. [DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2015.1017952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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37
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Wang JY, Guo H, Tang L, Meng J, Hu LY. Case-control study on regular Ba Duan Jin practice for patients with chronic neck pain. Int J Nurs Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnss.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Lee MY, Lee HY, Yong MS. Characteristics of cervical position sense in subjects with forward head posture. J Phys Ther Sci 2014; 26:1741-3. [PMID: 25435690 PMCID: PMC4242945 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.26.1741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of forward head posture (FHP) on proprioception by determining the cervical position-reposition error. [Subjects and Methods] A sample population was divided into two groups in accordance with the craniovertebral angle: the FHP group and the control group. We measured the craniovertebral angle, which is defined as the angle between a horizontal line passing through C7 and a line extending from the tragus of the ear to C7. The error value of the cervical position sense after cervical flexion, extension, and rotation was evaluated using the head repositioning accuracy test. [Results] There were significant differences in the error value of the joint position sense (cervical flexion, extension, and rotation) between the FHP and control groups. In addition, there was an inverse correlation between the craniovertebral angle and error value of the joint position sense. [Conclusion] FHP is associated with reduced proprioception. This result implies that the change in the muscle length caused by FHP decreases the joint position sense. Also, proprioception becomes worse as FHP becomes more severe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Young Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Therapy, Daegu Haany University, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Yong Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School, Daegu University, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sik Yong
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School, Daegu University, Republic of Korea
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39
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Associations between cervical and scapular posture and the spatial distribution of trapezius muscle activity. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2014; 24:542-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2014.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Ruivo RM, Pezarat-Correia P, Carita AI. Cervical and shoulder postural assessment of adolescents between 15 and 17 years old and association with upper quadrant pain. Braz J Phys Ther 2014; 18:364-71. [PMID: 25054381 PMCID: PMC4183261 DOI: 10.1590/bjpt-rbf.2014.0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There is sparse literature that provides evidence of cervical and shoulder
postural alignment of 15 to 17-year-old adolescents and that analyzes sex
differences. Objectives: To characterize the postural alignment of the head and shoulder in the sagittal
plane of 15 to 17-year-old Portuguese adolescents in natural erect standing and
explore the relationships between three postural angles and presence of neck and
shoulder pain. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in two secondary schools in Portugal. 275
adolescent students (153 females and 122 males) aged 15 to 17 were evaluated.
Sagittal head, cervical, and shoulder angles were measured with photogrammetry and
PAS software. The American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Shoulder Assessment (ASES)
was used to assess shoulder pain, whereas neck pain was self-reported with a
single question. Results: Mean values of sagittal head, cervical, and shoulder angles were 17.2±5.7,
47.4±5.2, and 51.4±8.5º, respectively. 68% of the participants revealed
protraction of the head, whereas 58% of them had protraction of the shoulder. The
boys showed a significantly higher mean cervical angle, and adolescents with neck
pain revealed lower mean cervical angle than adolescents without neck pain. 53% of
the girls self-reported regular neck pain, contrasting with 19% of the boys. Conclusions: This data shows that forward head and protracted shoulder are common postural
disorders in adolescents, especially in girls. Neck pain is prevalent in
adolescents, especially girls, and it is associated with forward head posture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo M Ruivo
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Performance Humana, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pedro Pezarat-Correia
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Performance Humana, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana I Carita
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Taspinar B, Taspinar F, Guclu S, Nalbant A, Calik BB, Uslu A, Inal S. Investigation of the association between mobbing and musculoskeletal discomfort in academicians. JAPANESE PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/jpr.12030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Park S, Yoo W. Effect of EMG‐based Feedback on Posture Correction during Computer Operation. J Occup Health 2013; 54:271-7. [PMID: 22673646 DOI: 10.1539/joh.12-0052-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Se‐yeon Park
- Department of Physical TherapyThe Graduate School, Inje UniversityRepublic of Korea
| | - Won‐gyu Yoo
- Department of Physical TherapyCollege of Biomedical Science and Engineering and Elderly Life Redesign Institute, Inje UniversityRepublic of Korea
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Soares JC, Weber P, Trevisan ME, Trevisan CM, Rossi AG. Correlação entre postura da cabeça, intensidade da dor e índice de incapacidade cervical em mulheres com queixa de dor cervical. FISIOTERAPIA E PESQUISA 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1809-29502012000100013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A dor cervical é o sintoma mais comum das disfunções cervicais, frequentemente relacionado à manutenção de posturas inadequadas. As alterações posturais da cabeça estão associadas à ocorrência de dor cervical, sendo a anteriorização a alteração mais comum. O objetivo foi investigar a correlação entre postura da cabeça, intensidade da dor e índice de incapacidade cervical - neck disability index (NDI). O grupo estudo (GE) foi composto por mulheres na faixa entre 20 e 50 anos com queixas de dor cervical por mais de três meses, e o grupo controle (GC), por mulheres assintomáticas. A intensidade da dor foi avaliada pela escala visual analógica (EVA), a incapacidade pelo NDI e a postura da cabeça pelo ângulo craniovertebral (CV). A normalidade dos dados foi verificada pelo teste de Lilliefors, e a comparação entre os grupos pelo teste t de Student para amostras independentes e a associação entre as variáveis pela correlação de Spearman. O nível de significância foi de 5%. O GE apresentou médias menores para o ângulo CV (p=0,02). O ângulo CV demonstrou correlação negativa com a EVA (r=-0,48) e o NDI (r=-0,15), sugerindo que quanto menor o ângulo, maior a intensidade da dor e a incapacidade cervical. O NDI e a EVA apresentaram correlação positiva (r=0,59). O ângulo CV em indivíduos com dor cervical foi significativamente menor que em assintomáticos, apresentando correlação moderada com o NDI e a dor.
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Diab AA, Moustafa IM. The efficacy of forward head correction on nerve root function and pain in cervical spondylotic radiculopathy: a randomized trial. Clin Rehabil 2011; 26:351-61. [DOI: 10.1177/0269215511419536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of forward head posture correction on pain and nerve root function in cases of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy. Design: A randomized controlled study with six months follow-up. Setting: University research laboratory. Subjects: Ninety-six patients with unilateral lower cervical spondylotic radiculopathy (C5–C6 and C6–C7) and craniovertebral angle measured less than or equal to 50° were randomly assigned to an exercise or a control group. Interventions: The control group ( n = 48) received ultrasound and infrared radiation, whereas the exercise group ( n = 48) received a posture corrective exercise programme in addition to ultrasound and infrared radiation. Main outcome measures: The peak-to-peak amplitude of dermatomal somatosensory evoked potentials, craniovertebral angle, visual analogue scale were measured for all patients at three intervals (before treatment, after 10 weeks of treatment, and at follow-up of six months). Results: There was a significant difference between groups adjusted to baseline value of outcome at 10 weeks post-treatment for craniovertebral angle, pain, C6 and C7 peak-to-peak amplitude of dermatomal somatosensory evoked potentials P = 0.000, 0.01, 0.000, 0.001 respectively and at follow-up for all previous variables ( P = 0.000). Conclusion: Forward head posture correction using a posture corrective exercise programme in addition to ultrasound and infrared radiation decreased pain and craniovertebral angle and increased the peak-to-peak amplitude of dermatomal somatosensory evoked potentials for C6 and C7 in cases of lower cervical spondylotic radiculopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliaa A Diab
- Basic Science Department, Faculty of Physical therapy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M Moustafa
- Basic Science Department, Faculty of Physical therapy, Cairo University, Egypt
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45
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Lee JH, Park SY, Yoo WG. Changes in craniocervical and trunk flexion angles and gluteal pressure during VDT work with continuous cross-legged sitting. J Occup Health 2011; 53:350-5. [PMID: 21817831 DOI: 10.1539/joh.11-0050-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated changes in craniocervical and trunk flexion angles and gluteal pressure on both sides during visual display terminal (VDT) work with continuous cross-legged sitting. METHODS The gluteal pressures of ten VDT workers, who were recruited from laboratories, were measured using a Teckscan system and videotaped using a single video camera to capture the craniocervical and trunk flexion angles during VDT work at 30 s, 10, 20 and 30 min. RESULTS The craniocervical angle was significantly increased at 10 and 20 min compared with the initial angle (p<0.05). The trunk flexion angle was significantly decreased at 30 s, 10, 20 and 30 min (p<0.05). The gluteal pressure of the crossed-leg side significantly increased at 30 s, 10 and 20 min (p<0.05). The gluteal pressure of the uncrossed-leg side significantly decreased at 30 s (p<0.05). CONCLUSION We found that cross-legged sitting during VDT work may exert disadvantageous postural effects resulting from craniocervical and trunk flexion angles and gluteal pressure. Therefore, this posture could not be recommended during long-term VDT work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hoon Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Inje University Pusan Paik Hospital, Republic of Korea
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Bernmark E, Forsman M, Wiktorin C. Head movements during two computer work tasks assessed by accelerometry. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2011; 42:309-313. [PMID: 20739016 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2010.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2009] [Revised: 07/19/2010] [Accepted: 07/27/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We investigated whether potential differences in head inclinations and accelerations for two highly similar computer work tasks could be detected using (1) a triaxial accelerometer and (2) a simulated uniaxial accelerometer. Ten subjects' head movements were registered with a triaxial accelerometer system for two similar document-management tasks at their work place: a fully electronic document-management task and one also involving paper documents. In situations where head movements were small, a triaxial accelerometer was able to discriminate between the different degrees of static work of the neck in terms of range of head inclinations and accelerations. A difference in head acceleration was also found by using a simulated uniaxial accelerometer. Thus, in terms of head movement and for work similar to this office work, potential dynamic differences in observationally similar work tasks can be investigated by using a triaxial accelerometer. For acceleration alone, a uniaxial accelerometer can also be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Bernmark
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Lee MR, Yoo WG, An DH, Kim MH, Oh JS. The Effect of Backpack Loads on FRR (Flexion-relaxation Ratio) in the Cervical Spine. J Phys Ther Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1589/jpts.23.599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mi-ra Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Dong Rae Wooridul Hospital
- Department of Physical Therapy, The Graduate School, Inje University
| | - Won-gyu Yoo
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inje University
| | - Duk-hyun An
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inje University
| | - Mi-hyun Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inje University
| | - Jae-seop Oh
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inje University
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Relationships between sagittal postures of thoracic and cervical spine, presence of neck pain, neck pain severity and disability. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 15:457-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.math.2010.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2009] [Revised: 03/08/2010] [Accepted: 03/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A repeated measures observational study. OBJECTIVE To investigate change in sagittal alignment of head and neck posture in response to adjustments of an office chair with and without a lumbar roll in situ. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Forward head posture has been identified as a risk factor for neck pain, and there is evidence to show that ergonomic correction in sitting may reduce the incidence of pain. The effect placement of a lumbar roll has on cervical spine posture has not been previously investigated experimentally but rather, is assumed to have a positive influence on head and neck posture. METHODS Thirty healthy male participants (18-30 years) were photographed while registered in the natural head resting position in each of 4 sitting positions with and without a lumbar roll in situ. Two positions incorporated adjustments to the back rest and 1 to the seat pan of the office chair. The craniovertebral (CV) angle, as a determinant of head and neck posture was measured from the set of digitized photographs obtained for each participant. Comparisons between the CV angle in all postural registrations were made using a mixed model analysis adjusted for multiple comparisons. RESULTS Of the positions examined, significant differences in the mean CV angles were found with the backrest of the chair at 100 degrees and at 110 degrees (P < 0.001). With the lumbar roll in situ and the backrest position at 110 degrees , there was a significant increase in the mean CV compared with the angle without the lumbar roll in situ (2.32 degrees , 95% confidence interval: 1.31-3.33; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The degree of angulation of the backrest support of an office chair plus the addition of lumbar roll support are the 2 most important factors to be taken into account when considering seating factors likely to favorably change head and neck postural alignment, at least in asymptomatic subjects.
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Weon JH, Oh JS, Cynn HS, Kim YW, Kwon OY, Yi CH. Influence of forward head posture on scapular upward rotators during isometric shoulder flexion. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2009; 14:367-74. [PMID: 20850044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2009.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2008] [Revised: 06/25/2009] [Accepted: 06/26/2009] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARY We assessed the effects of forward head posture in the sitting position on the activity of the scapular upward rotators during loaded isometric shoulder flexion in the sagittal plane. Healthy volunteers (n = 21; 11 men, 10 women) with no history of pathology participated in the study. Subjects were instructed to perform isometric shoulder flexion with the right upper extremity in both the forward head posture (FHP) and neutral head posture (NHP) while sitting. Surface electromyography (EMG) was recorded from the upper trapezius, lower trapezius, and serratus anterior muscles. Dependent variables were examined by 2 (posture)×3 (muscle) repeated measures analysis of variance. Significantly increased EMG activity in the upper trapezius and lower trapezius and significantly decreased EMG activity in the serratus anterior were found during loaded isometric shoulder flexion with FHP. Thus, FHP may contribute to work-related neck and shoulder pain during loaded shoulder flexion while sitting. These results suggest that maintaining NHP is advantageous in reducing sustained upper and lower trapezius activity and enhancing serratus anterior activity as compared with FHP during loaded shoulder flexion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hyuck Weon
- Department of Rehabilitation Therapy, Wonju Christian Hospital, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
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