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Duarte FS, Duzzioni M, Prim RL, Cardozo AM, Dos Santos CR, da Silva MG, Shiozawa MBC, Mendes BG, Tizziani T, Brighente IMC, Pizzolatti MG, de Lima TCM. Psychopharmacological effects and safety of styryl-2-pyrones and dihydrostyryl-2-pyrones-rich fraction from Polygala sabulosa: absence of withdrawal syndrome and tolerance to anxiolytic-like and anticonvulsant effects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 70:1272-1286. [PMID: 29956326 PMCID: PMC6099234 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objectives To investigate whether mice develop tolerance to the anxiolytic‐like and anticonvulsant effects of subchronic treatment with EA (the styryl‐2‐pyrones and dihydrostyryl‐2‐pyrones‐rich fraction of Polygala sabulosa), as well as any withdrawal symptoms after abrupt discontinuation; to compare the effects of EA with those of diazepam (DZP) on withdrawal‐induced anxiety; and to evaluate the toxicity of EA according to OECD guidelines. Methods Male or female mice were acutely or subchronically treated with EA or DZP, and their tolerance to anxiolytic (evaluated in the elevated plus maze, EPM) and anticonvulsant effects (measured against pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)‐induced convulsions) were investigated. Other groups received EA or DZP for 28 days followed by withdrawal, being the anxiety‐like behaviour evaluated in the EPM. Key findings Both acute and subchronic treatments with EA induced an anxiolytic effect in the EPM. The anticonvulsant activity of DZP, but not EA, was reduced by protracted treatment. EA withdrawal retained the anxiolytic profile, while DZP withdrawal induced anxiogenesis. EA counteracted the anxiogenic‐like actions of DZP withdrawal. EA has low toxicity as it did not cause any changes in the biochemical, haematological and histopathological markers. Conclusions EA avoids the development of tolerance to its anxiolytic‐like and anticonvulsant actions, and does not promote withdrawal syndrome. EA does not cause relevant toxic effects in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Silveira Duarte
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Duzzioni
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Rafael Luiz Prim
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Alcíbia Maia Cardozo
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Claudia Regina Dos Santos
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Maria Goretti da Silva
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Beatriz Garcia Mendes
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Tiago Tizziani
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Moacir Geraldo Pizzolatti
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Fortes AC, Almeida AAC, Mendonça-Júnior FJB, Freitas RM, Soares-Sobrinho JL, de La Roca Soares MF. Anxiolytic properties of new chemical entity, 5TIO1. Neurochem Res 2013; 38:726-31. [PMID: 23334713 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-013-0970-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Revised: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
2-[(2,6-dichlorobenzylidene)amino]-5,6-dihydro-4H-cyclopenta[b]thiophene-3-carbonitrile), 5TIO1, is a new 2-aminothiophene derivative with a promising pharmacological activity. The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential anxiolytic effect of 5TIO1 in animal models. In the elevated plus-maze test, 5TIO1 (0.1, 1.0 and 10.0 mg/kg, i.p) increased the time of permanence and the number of entries in the open arms. In the light/dark box test, 5TIO1 at dose of 0.1 mg/kg (i.p) also showed anxiolytic-like effect indicated by an increase in the time spent in the light box, similar to diazepam 2.0 mg/kg (i.p). 5TIO1 groups did not change locomotor and coordination activities in open field and rotarod tests, respectively, when compared to vehicle. Dose dependent process was not observed and the anxiolytic effects demonstrated were not completely reversed by flumazenil 25 mg/kg (i.p). Our results suggest that 5TIO1 can bind with other receptors, besides the benzodiazepine site of the GABA receptor in mouse brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda C Fortes
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
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Boehm SL, Ponomarev I, Jennings AW, Whiting PJ, Rosahl TW, Garrett EM, Blednov YA, Harris RA. γ-Aminobutyric acid A receptor subunit mutant mice: new perspectives on alcohol actions. Biochem Pharmacol 2004; 68:1581-602. [PMID: 15451402 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2004.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2004] [Accepted: 07/01/2004] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
gamma-Aminobutyric acid A (GABA(A)) receptors are believed to mediate a number of alcohol's behavioral actions. Because the subunit composition of GABA(A) receptors determines receptor pharmacology, behavioral sensitivity to alcohol (ethanol) may depend on which subunits are present (or absent). A number of knock-out and/or transgenic mouse models have been developed (alpha1, alpha2, alpha5, alpha6, beta2, beta3, gamma2S, gamma2L, delta) and tested for behavioral sensitivity to ethanol. Here we review the current GABA(A) receptor subunit knock-out and transgenic literature for ethanol sensitivity, and integrate these results into those obtained using quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis and gene expression assays. Converging evidence from these three approaches support the notion that different behavioral actions of ethanol are mediated by specific subunits, and suggest that new drugs that target specific GABA(A) subunits may selectively alter some behavioral actions of ethanol, without altering others. Current data sets provide strongest evidence for a role of alpha1-subunits in ethanol-induced loss of righting reflex, and alpha5-subunits in ethanol-stimulated locomotion. However, three-way validation is hampered by the incomplete behavioral characterization of many of the mutant mice, and additional subunits are likely to be linked to alcohol actions as behavioral testing progresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen L Boehm
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, University of Texas, 1 University Station A4800, Austin, TX 78712-0159, USA.
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