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Zhang L, Li T, Wu J, Yang H. Global estimates of gap-free and fine-scale CO 2 concentrations during 2014-2020 from satellite and reanalysis data. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 178:108057. [PMID: 37385159 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a crucial greenhouse gas with substantial effects on climate change. Satellite-based remote sensing is a commonly used approach to detect CO2 with high precision but often suffers from extensive spatial gaps. Thus, the limited availability of data makes global carbon stocktaking challenging. In this paper, a global gap-free column-averaged dry-air mole fraction of CO2 (XCO2) dataset with a high spatial resolution of 0.1° from 2014 to 2020 is generated by the deep learning-based multisource data fusion, including satellite and reanalyzed XCO2 products, satellite vegetation index data, and meteorological data. Results indicate a high accuracy for 10-fold cross-validation (R2 = 0.959 and RMSE = 1.068 ppm) and ground-based validation (R2 = 0.964 and RMSE = 1.010 ppm). Our dataset has the advantages of high accuracy and fine spatial resolution compared with the XCO2 reanalysis data as well as that generated from other studies. Based on the dataset, our analysis reveals interesting findings regarding the spatiotemporal pattern of CO2 over the globe and the national-level growth rates of CO2. This gap-free and fine-scale dataset has the potential to provide support for understanding the global carbon cycle and making carbon reduction policy, and it can be freely accessed at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7721945.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Zhang
- School of Geospatial Engineering and Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Tongwen Li
- School of Geospatial Engineering and Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Resources Monitoring in Tropical and Subtropical Area of South China, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jingan Wu
- School of Geospatial Engineering and Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Resources Monitoring in Tropical and Subtropical Area of South China, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongji Yang
- School of Geospatial Engineering and Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
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2
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Yang D, Boesch H, Liu Y, Somkuti P, Cai Z, Chen X, Di Noia A, Lin C, Lu N, Lyu D, Parker RJ, Tian L, Wang M, Webb A, Yao L, Yin Z, Zheng Y, Deutscher NM, Griffith DWT, Hase F, Kivi R, Morino I, Notholt J, Ohyama H, Pollard DF, Shiomi K, Sussmann R, Té Y, Velazco VA, Warneke T, Wunch D. Toward High Precision XCO 2 Retrievals From TanSat Observations: Retrieval Improvement and Validation Against TCCON Measurements. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. ATMOSPHERES : JGR 2020; 125:e2020JD032794. [PMID: 33777605 PMCID: PMC7983077 DOI: 10.1029/2020jd032794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
TanSat is the 1st Chinese carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement satellite, launched in 2016. In this study, the University of Leicester Full Physics (UoL-FP) algorithm is implemented for TanSat nadir mode XCO2 retrievals. We develop a spectrum correction method to reduce the retrieval errors by the online fitting of an 8th order Fourier series. The spectrum-correction model and its a priori parameters are developed by analyzing the solar calibration measurement. This correction provides a significant improvement to the O2 A band retrieval. Accordingly, we extend the previous TanSat single CO2 weak band retrieval to a combined O2 A and CO2 weak band retrieval. A Genetic Algorithm (GA) has been applied to determine the threshold values of post-screening filters. In total, 18.3% of the retrieved data is identified as high quality compared to the original measurements. The same quality control parameters have been used in a footprint independent multiple linear regression bias correction due to the strong correlation with the XCO2 retrieval error. Twenty sites of the Total Column Carbon Observing Network (TCCON) have been selected to validate our new approach for the TanSat XCO2 retrieval. We show that our new approach produces a significant improvement on the XCO2 retrieval accuracy and precision when compared to TCCON with an average bias and RMSE of -0.08 ppm and 1.47 ppm, respectively. The methods used in this study can help to improve the XCO2 retrieval from TanSat and subsequently the Level-2 data production, and hence will be applied in the TanSat operational XCO2 processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Yang
- Earth Observation Science, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterUK
- Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChina
- Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - H. Boesch
- Earth Observation Science, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterUK
- National Centre for Earth ObservationUniversity of LeicesterUK
| | - Y. Liu
- Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChina
- Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - P. Somkuti
- Earth Observation Science, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterUK
- National Centre for Earth ObservationUniversity of LeicesterUK
- Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA
| | - Z. Cai
- Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChina
| | - X. Chen
- Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChina
| | - A. Di Noia
- Earth Observation Science, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterUK
- National Centre for Earth ObservationUniversity of LeicesterUK
| | - C. Lin
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and PhysicsChina
| | - N. Lu
- National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological AdministrationChina
| | - D. Lyu
- Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChina
| | - R. J. Parker
- Earth Observation Science, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterUK
- National Centre for Earth ObservationUniversity of LeicesterUK
| | - L. Tian
- Shanghai Engineering Center for MicrosatellitesChina
| | - M. Wang
- Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - A. Webb
- Earth Observation Science, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterUK
- National Centre for Earth ObservationUniversity of LeicesterUK
| | - L. Yao
- Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChina
| | - Z. Yin
- Shanghai Engineering Center for MicrosatellitesChina
| | - Y. Zheng
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and PhysicsChina
| | - N. M. Deutscher
- Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life SciencesUniversity of WollongongNSWAustralia
| | - D. W. T. Griffith
- Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life SciencesUniversity of WollongongNSWAustralia
| | - F. Hase
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, IMK‐IFUGarmisch‐PartenkirchenGermany
| | - R. Kivi
- Space and Earth Observation CentreFinnish Meteorological InstituteFinland
| | - I. Morino
- National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES)TsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - J. Notholt
- Institute of Environmental Physics (IUP)University of BremenBremenGermany
| | - H. Ohyama
- National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES)TsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - D. F. Pollard
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd (NIWA)LauderNew Zealand
| | - K. Shiomi
- Japan Aerospace Exploration AgencyJapan
| | - R. Sussmann
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, IMK‐IFUGarmisch‐PartenkirchenGermany
| | - Y. Té
- Laboratoire d'Etudes du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et Atmosphères (LERMA‐IPSL)Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, PSL UniversitéParisFrance
| | - V. A. Velazco
- Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life SciencesUniversity of WollongongNSWAustralia
| | - T. Warneke
- Institute of Environmental Physics (IUP)University of BremenBremenGermany
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3
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Retrieval and Validation of XCO2 from TanSat Target Mode Observations in Beijing. REMOTE SENSING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/rs12183063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Satellite observation is one of the main methods used to monitor the global distribution and variation of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). Several CO2 monitoring satellites have been successfully launched, including Japan’s Greenhouse Gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT), the USA’s Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2), and China’s Carbon Dioxide Observation Satellite Mission (TanSat). Satellite observation targeting the ground-based Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) station is the most effective technique for validating satellite CO2 measurement precision. In this study, the coincident observations from TanSat and ground-based FTS were performed numerous times in Beijing under a clear sky. The column-averaged dry-air mole fraction of carbon dioxide (XCO2) obtained from TanSat was retrieved by the Department for Eco-Environmental Informatics (DEEI) of China’s State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System based on a full physical model. The comparison and validation of the TanSat target mode observations revealed that the average of the XCO2 bias between TanSat retrievals and ground-based FTS measurements was 2.62 ppm, with a standard deviation (SD) of the mean difference of 1.41 ppm, which met the accuracy standard of 1% required by the mission tasks. With bias correction, the mean absolute error (MAE) improved to 1.11 ppm and the SD of the mean difference fell to 1.35 ppm. We compared simultaneous observations from GOSAT and OCO-2 Level 2 (L2) bias-corrected products within a ±1° latitude and longitude box centered at the ground-based FTS station in Beijing. The results indicated that measurements from GOSAT and OCO-2 were 1.8 ppm and 1.76 ppm higher than the FTS measurements on 20 June 2018, on which the daily observation bias of the TanSat XOC2 results was 1.87 ppm. These validation efforts have proven that TanSat can measure XCO2 effectively. In addition, the DEEI-retrieved XCO2 results agreed well with measurements from GOSAT, OCO-2, and the Beijing ground-based FTS.
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4
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Iwasaki C, Imasu R, Bril A, Oshchepkov S, Yoshida Y, Yokota T, Zakharov V, Gribanov K, Rokotyan N. Optimization of the Photon Path Length Probability Density Function-Simultaneous (PPDF-S) Method and Evaluation of CO₂ Retrieval Performance Under Dense Aerosol Conditions. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19051262. [PMID: 30871124 PMCID: PMC6427327 DOI: 10.3390/s19051262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The photon path length probability density function-simultaneous (PPDF-S) algorithm is effective for retrieving column-averaged concentrations of carbon dioxide (XCO2) and methane (XCH4) from Greenhouse gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) spectra in Short Wavelength InfraRed (SWIR). Using this method, light-path modification attributable to light reflection/scattering by atmospheric clouds/aerosols is represented by the modification of atmospheric transmittance according to PPDF parameters. We optimized PPDF parameters for a more accurate XCO2 retrieval under aerosol dense conditions based on simulation studies for various aerosol types and surface albedos. We found a more appropriate value of PPDF parameters referring to the vertical profile of CO2 concentration as a measure of a stable solution. The results show that the constraint condition of a PPDF parameter that represents the light reflectance effect by aerosols is sufficiently weak to affect XCO2 adversely. By optimizing the constraint, it was possible to obtain a stable solution of XCO2. The new optimization was applied to retrieval analysis of the GOSAT data measured in Western Siberia. First, we assumed clear sky conditions and retrieved XCO2 from GOSAT data obtained near Yekaterinburg in the target area. The retrieved XCO2 was validated through a comparison with ground-based Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) measurements made at the Yekaterinburg observation site. The validation results showed that the retrieval accuracy was reasonable. Next, we applied the optimized method to dense aerosol conditions when biomass burning was active. The results demonstrated that optimization enabled retrieval, even under smoky conditions, and that the total number of retrieved data increased by about 70%. Furthermore, the results of the simulation studies and the GOSAT data analysis suggest that atmospheric aerosol types that affected CO2 analysis are identifiable by the PPDF parameter value. We expect that we will be able to suggest a further improved algorithm after the atmospheric aerosol types are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisa Iwasaki
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8568, Japan.
| | - Ryoichi Imasu
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8568, Japan.
| | - Andrey Bril
- Institute of Physics of National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 68 Prospekt Nezavisimosti, Minsk BY-220072, Belarus.
| | - Sergey Oshchepkov
- Institute of Physics of National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 68 Prospekt Nezavisimosti, Minsk BY-220072, Belarus.
| | - Yukio Yoshida
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa 16-2, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Yokota
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa 16-2, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan.
| | - Vyacheslav Zakharov
- Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Physics, Ural Federal University, Lenina Ave. 51, Yekaterinburg 620083, Russia.
- Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics, UB RAS, S.Kovalevskay Street, 16, Yekaterinburg 620990, Russia.
| | - Konstantin Gribanov
- Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Physics, Ural Federal University, Lenina Ave. 51, Yekaterinburg 620083, Russia.
| | - Nikita Rokotyan
- Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Physics, Ural Federal University, Lenina Ave. 51, Yekaterinburg 620083, Russia.
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5
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Hikosaka K, Noda HM. Modeling leaf CO 2 assimilation and Photosystem II photochemistry from chlorophyll fluorescence and the photochemical reflectance index. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:730-739. [PMID: 30321458 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We present a simple model to assess the quantum yield of photochemistry (ΦP ) and CO2 assimilation rate from two parameters that are detectable by remote sensing: chlorophyll (chl) fluorescence and the photochemical reflectance index (PRI). ΦP is expressed as a simple function of the chl fluorescence yield (ΦF ) and nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ): ΦP = 1-bΦF (1 + NPQ). Because NPQ is known to be related with PRI, ΦP can be remotely assessed from solar-induced fluorescence and the PRI. The CO2 assimilation rate can be assessed from the estimated ΦP value with either the maximum carboxylation rate (Vcmax ), the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci ), or parameters of the stomatal conductance model. The model was applied to experimental data obtained for Chenopodium album leaves under various environmental conditions and was able to successfully predict ΦF values and the CO2 assimilation rate. The present model will improve the accuracy of assessments of gas exchange rates and primary productivity by remote sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hibiki M Noda
- Center for Global Environmental Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
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6
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Liu Y, Wang J, Yao L, Chen X, Cai Z, Yang D, Yin Z, Gu S, Tian L, Lu N, Lyu D. The TanSat mission: preliminary global observations. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2018; 63:1200-1207. [PMID: 36751089 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The Chinese global carbon dioxide monitoring satellite (TanSat) was launched successfully in December 2016 and has completed its on-orbit tests and calibration. TanSat aims to measure the atmospheric column-averaged dry air mole fractions of carbon dioxide (XCO2) with a precision of 4 ppm at the regional scale, and in addition, to derive global and regional CO2 fluxes. Progress towards these objectives is reviewed and the first scientific results from TanSat measurements are presented. TanSat on-orbit tests indicate that the Atmospheric Carbon dioxide Grating Spectrometer is in normal working status and is beginning to produce L1B products. The preliminary TanSat XCO2 products have been retrieved by an algorithm and compared to NASA Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) measurements during an overlapping observation period. Furthermore, the XCO2 retrievals have been validated against eight ground-site measurement datasets from the Total Carbon Column Observing Network, for which the preliminary conclusion is that TanSat has met the precision design requirement, with an average bias of 2.11 ppm. The first scientific observations are presented, namely, the seasonal distributions of XCO2 over land on a global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lu Yao
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhaonan Cai
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dongxu Yang
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Zengshan Yin
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Microsatellites, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Songyan Gu
- National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Longfei Tian
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Microsatellites, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Naimeng Lu
- National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Daren Lyu
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
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7
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Zhang LL, Yue TX, Wilson JP, Zhao N, Zhao YP, Du ZP, Liu Y. A comparison of satellite observations with the XCO 2 surface obtained by fusing TCCON measurements and GEOS-Chem model outputs. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 601-602:1575-1590. [PMID: 28609846 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ground observations can capture CO2 concentrations accurately but the number of available TCCON (Total Carbon Column Observing Network) sites is too small to support a comprehensive analysis (i.e. validation) of satellite observations. Atmospheric transport models can provide continuous atmospheric CO2 concentrations in space and time, but some information is difficult to generate with model simulations. The HASM platform can model continuous column-averaged CO2 dry air mole fraction (XCO2) surface taking TCCON observations as its optimum control constraints and an atmospheric transport model as its driving field. This article presents a comparison of the satellite observations with a HASM XCO2 surface obtained by fusing TCCON measurements with GEOS-Chem model results. We first verified the accuracy of the HASM XCO2 surface using six years (2010-2015) of TCCON observations and the GEOS-Chem model XCO2 results. The validation results show that the largest MAE of bias between the HASM results and observations was 0.85ppm and the smallest MAE was only 0.39ppm. Next, we modeled the HASM XCO2 surface by fusing the TCCON measurements and GEOS-Chem XCO2 model results for the period 9/1/14 to 8/31/15. Finally, we compared the GOSAT and OCO-2 observations with the HASM XCO2 surface and found that the global OCO-2 XCO2 estimates more closely resembled the HASM XCO2 surface than the GOSAT XCO2 estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Tian Xiang Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - John P Wilson
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Spatial Sciences Institute, Dana and David Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0374, USA
| | - Na Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ya Peng Zhao
- College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Zheng Ping Du
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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8
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Eldering A, Wennberg PO, Crisp D, Schimel DS, Gunson MR, Chatterjee A, Liu J, Schwandner FM, Sun Y, O'Dell CW, Frankenberg C, Taylor T, Fisher B, Osterman GB, Wunch D, Hakkarainen J, Tamminen J, Weir B. The Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 early science investigations of regional carbon dioxide fluxes. Science 2017; 358:eaam5745. [PMID: 29026012 PMCID: PMC5668686 DOI: 10.1126/science.aam5745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
NASA's Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) mission was motivated by the need to diagnose how the increasing concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) is altering the productivity of the biosphere and the uptake of CO2 by the oceans. Launched on 2 July 2014, OCO-2 provides retrievals of the column-averaged CO2 dry-air mole fraction ([Formula: see text]) as well as the fluorescence from chlorophyll in terrestrial plants. The seasonal pattern of uptake by the terrestrial biosphere is recorded in fluorescence and the drawdown of [Formula: see text] during summer. Launched just before one of the most intense El Niños of the past century, OCO-2 measurements of [Formula: see text] and fluorescence record the impact of the large change in ocean temperature and rainfall on uptake and release of CO2 by the oceans and biosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Eldering
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
| | - P O Wennberg
- Division of Geology and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - D Crisp
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - D S Schimel
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - M R Gunson
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - A Chatterjee
- Universities Space Research Association, Columbia, MD, USA
- NASA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - J Liu
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - F M Schwandner
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Y Sun
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - C W O'Dell
- Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - C Frankenberg
- Division of Geology and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - T Taylor
- Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - B Fisher
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - G B Osterman
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - D Wunch
- Division of Geology and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - J Hakkarainen
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Earth Observation, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Tamminen
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Earth Observation, Helsinki, Finland
| | - B Weir
- Universities Space Research Association, Columbia, MD, USA
- NASA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, Greenbelt, MD, USA
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9
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Odintsova TA, Fasci E, Moretti L, Zak EJ, Polyansky OL, Tennyson J, Gianfrani L, Castrillo A. Highly accurate intensity factors of pure CO2 lines near 2 μm. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:244309. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4989925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T. A. Odintsova
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Viale Lincoln 5, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - E. Fasci
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Viale Lincoln 5, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - L. Moretti
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Viale Lincoln 5, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - E. J. Zak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - O. L. Polyansky
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - J. Tennyson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - L. Gianfrani
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Viale Lincoln 5, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - A. Castrillo
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Viale Lincoln 5, 81100 Caserta, Italy
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10
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Retrieving XCO2 from GOSAT FTS over East Asia Using Simultaneous Aerosol Information from CAI. REMOTE SENSING 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/rs8120994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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11
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Impact of Aerosol Property on the Accuracy of a CO2 Retrieval Algorithm from Satellite Remote Sensing. REMOTE SENSING 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/rs8040322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Wang T, Shi J, Jing Y, Zhao T, Ji D, Xiong C. Combining XCO2 measurements derived from SCIAMACHY and GOSAT for potentially generating global CO2 maps with high spatiotemporal resolution. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105050. [PMID: 25119468 PMCID: PMC4132063 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Global warming induced by atmospheric CO2 has attracted increasing attention of researchers all over the world. Although space-based technology provides the ability to map atmospheric CO2 globally, the number of valid CO2 measurements is generally limited for certain instruments owing to the presence of clouds, which in turn constrain the studies of global CO2 sources and sinks. Thus, it is a potentially promising work to combine the currently available CO2 measurements. In this study, a strategy for fusing SCIAMACHY and GOSAT CO2 measurements is proposed by fully considering the CO2 global bias, averaging kernel, and spatiotemporal variations as well as the CO2 retrieval errors. Based on this method, a global CO2 map with certain UTC time can also be generated by employing the pattern of the CO2 daily cycle reflected by Carbon Tracker (CT) data. The results reveal that relative to GOSAT, the global spatial coverage of the combined CO2 map increased by 41.3% and 47.7% on a daily and monthly scale, respectively, and even higher when compared with that relative to SCIAMACHY. The findings in this paper prove the effectiveness of the combination method in supporting the generation of global full-coverage XCO2 maps with higher temporal and spatial sampling by jointly using these two space-based XCO2 datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Jiancheng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Beijing, China
| | - Tianjie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Beijing, China
| | - Dabin Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Beijing, China
| | - Chuan Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Beijing, China
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Liu Y, Cai Z, Yang D, Zheng Y, Duan M, Lü D. Effects of spectral sampling rate and range of CO2 absorption bands on XCO2 retrieval from TanSat hyperspectral spectrometer. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-014-0215-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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14
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Algorithm for retrieving surface pressure from hyper-spectral measurements in oxygen A-band. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-014-0195-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Wang T, Shi J, Jing Y, Xie Y. Investigation of the consistency of atmospheric CO2 retrievals from different space-based sensors: Intercomparison and spatiotemporal analysis. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-013-5996-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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16
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Dobler JT, Harrison FW, Browell EV, Lin B, McGregor D, Kooi S, Choi Y, Ismail S. Atmospheric CO2 column measurements with an airborne intensity-modulated continuous wave 1.57 μm fiber laser lidar. APPLIED OPTICS 2013; 52:2874-2892. [PMID: 23669700 DOI: 10.1364/ao.52.002874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The 2007 National Research Council (NRC) Decadal Survey on Earth Science and Applications from Space recommended Active Sensing of CO(2) Emissions over Nights, Days, and Seasons (ASCENDS) as a midterm, Tier II, NASA space mission. ITT Exelis, formerly ITT Corp., and NASA Langley Research Center have been working together since 2004 to develop and demonstrate a prototype laser absorption spectrometer for making high-precision, column CO(2) mixing ratio measurements needed for the ASCENDS mission. This instrument, called the multifunctional fiber laser lidar (MFLL), operates in an intensity-modulated, continuous wave mode in the 1.57 μm CO(2) absorption band. Flight experiments have been conducted with the MFLL on a Lear-25, UC-12, and DC-8 aircraft over a variety of different surfaces and under a wide range of atmospheric conditions. Very high-precision CO(2) column measurements resulting from high signal-to-noise ratio (>1300) column optical depth (OD) measurements for a 10 s (~1 km) averaging interval have been achieved. In situ measurements of atmospheric CO(2) profiles were used to derive the expected CO(2) column values, and when compared to the MFLL measurements over desert and vegetated surfaces, the MFLL measurements were found to agree with the in situ-derived CO(2) columns to within an average of 0.17% or ~0.65 ppmv with a standard deviation of 0.44% or ~1.7 ppmv. Initial results demonstrating ranging capability using a swept modulation technique are also presented.
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Cogan AJ, Boesch H, Parker RJ, Feng L, Palmer PI, Blavier JFL, Deutscher NM, Macatangay R, Notholt J, Roehl C, Warneke T, Wunch D. Atmospheric carbon dioxide retrieved from the Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT): Comparison with ground-based TCCON observations and GEOS-Chem model calculations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2012jd018087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Oshchepkov S, Bril A, Yokota T, Morino I, Yoshida Y, Matsunaga T, Belikov D, Wunch D, Wennberg P, Toon G, O'Dell C, Butz A, Guerlet S, Cogan A, Boesch H, Eguchi N, Deutscher N, Griffith D, Macatangay R, Notholt J, Sussmann R, Rettinger M, Sherlock V, Robinson J, Kyrö E, Heikkinen P, Feist DG, Nagahama T, Kadygrov N, Maksyutov S, Uchino O, Watanabe H. Effects of atmospheric light scattering on spectroscopic observations of greenhouse gases from space: Validation of PPDF-based CO2retrievals from GOSAT. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2012jd017505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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19
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Wunch D, Toon GC, Blavier JFL, Washenfelder RA, Notholt J, Connor BJ, Griffith DWT, Sherlock V, Wennberg PO. The total carbon column observing network. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2011; 369:2087-2112. [PMID: 21502178 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2010.0240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A global network of ground-based Fourier transform spectrometers has been founded to remotely measure column abundances of CO(2), CO, CH(4), N(2)O and other molecules that absorb in the near-infrared. These measurements are directly comparable with the near-infrared total column measurements from space-based instruments. With stringent requirements on the instrumentation, acquisition procedures, data processing and calibration, the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) achieves an accuracy and precision in total column measurements that is unprecedented for remote-sensing observations (better than 0.25% for CO(2)). This has enabled carbon-cycle science investigations using the TCCON dataset, and allows the TCCON to provide a link between satellite measurements and the extensive ground-based in situ network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra Wunch
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
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20
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Reuter M, Bovensmann H, Buchwitz M, Burrows JP, Connor BJ, Deutscher NM, Griffith DWT, Heymann J, Keppel-Aleks G, Messerschmidt J, Notholt J, Petri C, Robinson J, Schneising O, Sherlock V, Velazco V, Warneke T, Wennberg PO, Wunch D. Retrieval of atmospheric CO2with enhanced accuracy and precision from SCIAMACHY: Validation with FTS measurements and comparison with model results. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd015047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Butz A, Hasekamp OP, Frankenberg C, Vidot J, Aben I. CH4retrievals from space-based solar backscatter measurements: Performance evaluation against simulated aerosol and cirrus loaded scenes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd014514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Butz
- Netherlands Institute for Space Research; Utrecht Netherlands
| | - O. P. Hasekamp
- Netherlands Institute for Space Research; Utrecht Netherlands
| | - C. Frankenberg
- Netherlands Institute for Space Research; Utrecht Netherlands
| | - J. Vidot
- Netherlands Institute for Space Research; Utrecht Netherlands
| | - I. Aben
- Netherlands Institute for Space Research; Utrecht Netherlands
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Guanter L, Alonso L, Gómez-Chova L, Meroni M, Preusker R, Fischer J, Moreno J. Developments for vegetation fluorescence retrieval from spaceborne high-resolution spectrometry in the O2-A and O2-B absorption bands. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd013716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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23
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O'Dell CW. Acceleration of multiple-scattering, hyperspectral radiative transfer calculations via low-streams interpolation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd012803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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24
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Rinsland CP, Chiou LS, Boone C, Bernath P. Carbon dioxide retrievals from Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment solar occultation measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd012081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kuze A, Suto H, Nakajima M, Hamazaki T. Thermal and near infrared sensor for carbon observation Fourier-transform spectrometer on the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite for greenhouse gases monitoring. APPLIED OPTICS 2009; 48:6716-33. [PMID: 20011012 DOI: 10.1364/ao.48.006716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) monitors carbon dioxide (CO(2)) and methane (CH(4)) globally from space using two instruments. The Thermal and Near Infrared Sensor for Carbon Observation Fourier-Transform Spectrometer (TANSO-FTS) detects gas absorption spectra of the solar short wave infrared (SWIR) reflected on the Earth's surface as well as of the thermal infrared radiated from the ground and the atmosphere. TANSO-FTS is capable of detecting three narrow bands (0.76, 1.6, and 2.0 microm) and a wide band (5.5-14.3 microm) with 0.2 cm(-1) spectral resolution (interval). The TANSO Cloud and Aerosol Imager (TANSO-CAI) is an ultraviolet (UV), visible, near infrared, and SWIR radiometer designed to detect cloud and aerosol interference and to provide the data for their correction. GOSAT is placed in a sun-synchronous orbit 666 km at 13:00 local time, with an inclination angle of 98 degrees . A brief overview of the GOSAT project, scientific requirements, instrument designs, hardware performance, on-orbit operation, and data processing is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Kuze
- Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8505, Japan.
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26
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Oshchepkov S, Bril A, Yokota T. An improved photon path length probability density function–based radiative transfer model for space-based observation of greenhouse gases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd012116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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27
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Ohyama H, Morino I, Nagahama T, Machida T, Suto H, Oguma H, Sawa Y, Matsueda H, Sugimoto N, Nakane H, Nakagawa K. Column-averaged volume mixing ratio of CO2measured with ground-based Fourier transform spectrometer at Tsukuba. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd011465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Butz A, Hasekamp OP, Frankenberg C, Aben I. Retrievals of atmospheric CO2 from simulated space-borne measurements of backscattered near-infrared sunlight: accounting for aerosol effects. APPLIED OPTICS 2009; 48:3322-3336. [PMID: 19543338 DOI: 10.1364/ao.48.003322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Retrievals of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) from space-borne measurements of backscattered near-infrared sunlight are hampered by aerosol and cirrus cloud scattering effects. We propose a retrieval approach that allows for the retrieval of a few effective aerosol parameters simultaneously with the CO2 total column by parameterizing particle amount, height distribution, and microphysical properties. Two implementations of the proposed method covering different spectral bands are tested for an ensemble of simulated nadir observations for aerosol (and cirrus) loaded scenes over low- and mid-latitudinal land surfaces. The residual aerosol-induced CO(2) errors are mostly below 1% up to aerosol optical thickness 0.5. The proposed methods also perform convincing for scenes where cirrus clouds of optical thickness 0.1 overlay the aerosol.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Butz
- SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Sorbonnelaan 2, 3584 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Palmer PI. Quantifying sources and sinks of trace gases using space-borne measurements: current and future science. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2008; 366:4509-4528. [PMID: 18852092 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2008.0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We have been observing the Earth's upper atmosphere from space for several decades, but only over the past decade has the necessary technology begun to match our desire to observe surface air pollutants and climate-relevant trace gases in the lower troposphere, where we live and breathe. A new generation of Earth-observing satellites, capable of probing the lower troposphere, are already orbiting hundreds of kilometres above the Earth's surface with several more ready for launch or in the planning stages. Consequently, this is one of the most exciting times for the Earth system scientists who study the countless current-day physical, chemical and biological interactions between the Earth's land, ocean and atmosphere. First, I briefly review the theory behind measuring the atmosphere from space, and how these data can be used to infer surface sources and sinks of trace gases. I then present some of the science highlights associated with these data and how they can be used to improve fundamental understanding of the Earth's climate system. I conclude the paper by discussing the future role of satellite measurements of tropospheric trace gases in mitigating surface air pollution and carbon trading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul I Palmer
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JW, UK.
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30
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Hasekamp OP, Butz A. Efficient calculation of intensity and polarization spectra in vertically inhomogeneous scattering and absorbing atmospheres. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd010379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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31
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Alkhaled AA, Michalak AM, Kawa SR, Olsen SC, Wang JW. A global evaluation of the regional spatial variability of column integrated CO2distributions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Natraj V, Boesch H, Spurr RJD, Yung YL. Retrieval ofXCO2from simulated Orbiting Carbon Observatory measurements using the fast linearized R-2OS radiative transfer model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Connor BJ, Boesch H, Toon G, Sen B, Miller C, Crisp D. Orbiting Carbon Observatory: Inverse method and prospective error analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd008336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Connor
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research; Lauder New Zealand
| | | | | | - Bhaswar Sen
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory; Pasadena California USA
| | | | - David Crisp
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory; Pasadena California USA
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An atmospheric perspective on North American carbon dioxide exchange: CarbonTracker. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008; 104:18925-30. [PMID: 18045791 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0708986104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We present an estimate of net CO(2) exchange between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere across North America for every week in the period 2000 through 2005. This estimate is derived from a set of 28,000 CO(2) mole fraction observations in the global atmosphere that are fed into a state-of-the-art data assimilation system for CO(2) called CarbonTracker. By design, the surface fluxes produced in CarbonTracker are consistent with the recent history of CO(2) in the atmosphere and provide constraints on the net carbon flux independent from national inventories derived from accounting efforts. We find the North American terrestrial biosphere to have absorbed -0.65 PgC/yr (1 petagram = 10(15) g; negative signs are used for carbon sinks) averaged over the period studied, partly offsetting the estimated 1.85 PgC/yr release by fossil fuel burning and cement manufacturing. Uncertainty on this estimate is derived from a set of sensitivity experiments and places the sink within a range of -0.4 to -1.0 PgC/yr. The estimated sink is located mainly in the deciduous forests along the East Coast (32%) and the boreal coniferous forests (22%). Terrestrial uptake fell to -0.32 PgC/yr during the large-scale drought of 2002, suggesting sensitivity of the contemporary carbon sinks to climate extremes. CarbonTracker results are in excellent agreement with a wide collection of carbon inventories that form the basis of the first North American State of the Carbon Cycle Report (SOCCR), to be released in 2007. All CarbonTracker results are freely available at http://carbontracker.noaa.gov.
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Spiga A, Forget F, Dolla B, Vinatier S, Melchiorri R, Drossart P, Gendrin A, Bibring JP, Langevin Y, Gondet B. Remote sensing of surface pressure on Mars with the Mars Express/OMEGA spectrometer: 2. Meteorological maps. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006je002870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aymeric Spiga
- Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique; Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace; Paris France
| | - François Forget
- Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique; Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace; Paris France
| | - Bastien Dolla
- Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique; Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace; Paris France
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Forget F, Spiga A, Dolla B, Vinatier S, Melchiorri R, Drossart P, Gendrin A, Bibring JP, Langevin Y, Gondet B. Remote sensing of surface pressure on Mars with the Mars Express/OMEGA spectrometer: 1. Retrieval method. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006je002871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- François Forget
- Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique; Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace; Paris France
| | - Aymeric Spiga
- Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique; Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace; Paris France
| | - Bastien Dolla
- Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique; Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace; Paris France
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