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Liu G, Tarasick DW, Fioletov VE, Sioris CE, Rochon YJ. Ozone correlation lengths and measurement uncertainties from analysis of historical ozonesonde data in North America and Europe. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd010576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Fioletov VE. Estimating the 27-day and 11-year solar cycle variations in tropical upper stratospheric ozone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd010499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Weinstock EM, Pittman JV, Sayres DS, Smith JB, Anderson JG, Wofsy SC, Xueref I, Gerbig C, Daube BC, Pfister L, Richard EC, Ridley BA, Weinheimer AJ, Jost HJ, Lopez JP, Loewenstein M, Thompson TL. Quantifying the impact of the North American monsoon and deep midlatitude convection on the subtropical lowermost stratosphere using in situ measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Faduilhe D, Keckhut P, Bencherif H, Robert L, Baldy S. Stratospheric temperature monitoring using a vibrational Raman lidar : Part 1: aerosols and ozone interferences. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 7:357-64. [PMID: 15798803 DOI: 10.1039/b415299a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lidar measurements of temperature for the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere are commonly derived by the Raman technique. Lidar signals derived from vibrational Raman processes have been subjected to numerous simulation tests to examine their sensitivity to the presence of aerosols and ozone in the atmosphere. The influence of aerosols characteristics (wavelength dependence of aerosol extinction and particle phase function) and of ozone concentration on Raman temperature profiles is estimated. Simulations indicate large temperature deviations for post-volcanic conditions. For a Raman backscatter at 607 nm, bias is below 1 K for a total optical depth less than 9 x 10(-3) in the case of a stratospheric contamination and less than 6 x 10(-3) for a tropospheric contamination. The effect of aerosols depends on phase function and a few parameters such as altitude, optical depth and the shape of the high-altitude cloud. The wavelength dependence of aerosol extinction has some influence only for severe post-volcanic conditions (Scattering Ratio, SR >2). For a Raman backscatter at 387 nm, bias is larger and can be significant even in background aerosol conditions. Changes in the ozone density profile lead to significant Raman temperature deviations only for some specific conditions. Results suggest that both aerosol and ozone corrections are necessary to obtain an accuracy better than the 1 K requested for most atmospheric applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Faduilhe
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'Atmosphère, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, 97715 Saint-Denis Messag Cedex 9, La Réunion, France.
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Tarasick DW. Changes in the vertical distribution of ozone over Canada from ozonesondes: 1980–2001. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd004643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bregman A, Krol MC, Teyssèdre H, Norton WA, Iwi A, Chipperfield M, Pitari G, Sundet JK, Lelieveld J. Chemistry-transport model comparison with ozone observations in the midlatitude lowermost stratosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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de F. Forster PM, Tourpali K. Effect of tropopause height changes on the calculation of ozone trends and their radiative forcing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Smith JB, Hintsa EJ, Allen NT, Stimpfle RM, Anderson JG. Mechanisms for midlatitude ozone loss: Heterogeneous chemistry in the lowermost stratosphere? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Cybulski WJ, Peterjohn WT, Sullivan JH. The influence of elevated ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) on tissue quality and decomposition of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) needles. ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2000; 44:231-241. [PMID: 11064043 DOI: 10.1016/s0098-8472(00)00070-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Stratospheric ozone depletion is expected to elevate the influx of ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) to the biosphere. Increased levels of UV-B may, in turn, alter important ecosystem processes such as decomposition. Previous studies have shown that growth under elevated UV-B can alter leaf quality in angiosperm species and thereby indirectly change subsequent rates of leaf decay. In this experiment, we determined if elevated UV-B would alter the chemical composition and decay of needle tissue from two seed sources of the gymnosperm Pinus taeda L. Maryland and Virginia seed sources of P. taeda were grown in the field for 3 years beneath lampbanks supplying either ambient, low elevated or high elevated UV-B. These levels of UV-B corresponded to 0, 16 and 25% stratospheric ozone depletion at the experimental site in Beltsville, MD (39 degrees N). Needles were collected from six randomly chosen plants for each combination of seed source and UV-B level. The needle samples were analyzed for total C and N, UV-B absorbing compounds, and carbon fractions. Decay rates were also determined by measuring rates of CO(2) evolution from needle material decomposed under laboratory conditions. UV-B did not significantly alter the chemical composition of needles from the Virginia seed source. In contrast, needles from the Maryland seed source tended to have elevated lignin/N ratios and a lower holocellulose content when grown under the highest level of UV-B. Furthermore, while needles from the Virginia pines did not have UV-B altered decay rates, Maryland needles grown under low elevated UV-B conditions decomposed 36% more rapidly than needles from other treatments. Results from this experiment illustrate at least three characteristics about the indirect effect of UV-B on decomposition, (1) UV-B can modify decomposition of tissue from gymnosperms as well as angiosperms; (2) UV-B effects on tissue chemistry and decay may not only be species-specific but also seed-source specific; and (3) UV-B effects on decomposition may not increase with increasing UV-B dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- WJ Cybulski
- Department of Biology, West Virginia University, 26506, Morgantown, WV, USA
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Leblanc T, McDermid IS. Stratospheric ozone climatology from lidar measurements at Table Mountain (34.4°N, 117.7°W) and Mauna Loa (19.5°N, 155.6°W). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Erickson III DJ, Zepp RG, Atlas E. Ozone depletion and the air–sea exchange of greenhouse and chemically reactive trace gases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465-9972(00)00006-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Córdoba C, Aguirre de Cárcer I, Pérez A, Sanz A, Angulo C, Vila P, Monroy E, Muñoz E, Jaque F. UV-B irradiance at Madrid during 1996, 1997, and 1998. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Morgenstern O, Carver GD. Quantification of filaments penetrating the subtropical barrier. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Logan JA, Megretskaia IA, Miller AJ, Tiao GC, Choi D, Zhang L, Stolarski RS, Labow GJ, Hollandsworth SM, Bodeker GE, Claude H, De Muer D, Kerr JB, Tarasick DW, Oltmans SJ, Johnson B, Schmidlin F, Staehelin J, Viatte P, Uchino O. Trends in the vertical distribution of ozone: A comparison of two analyses of ozonesonde data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Logan JA. An analysis of ozonesonde data for the troposphere: Recommendations for testing 3-D models and development of a gridded climatology for tropospheric ozone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1998jd100096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 361] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lelieveld J, Bregman A, Scheeren HA, Ström J, Carslaw KS, Fischer H, Siegmund PC, Arnold F. Chlorine activation and ozone destruction in the northern lowermost stratosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1998jd100111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bodeker GE, Boyd IS, Matthews WA. Trends and variability in vertical ozone and temperature profiles measured by ozonesondes at Lauder, New Zealand: 1986-1996. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jd02581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Steinbrecht W, Claude H, Köhler U, Hoinka KP. Correlations between tropopause height and total ozone: Implications for long-term changes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jd01929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Solomon S, Borrmann S, Garcia RR, Portmann R, Thomason L, Poole LR, Winker D, McCormick MP. Heterogeneous chlorine chemistry in the tropopause region. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd01525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bekki S. On the possible role of aircraft-generated soot in the middle latitude ozone depletion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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