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Mauder M, Desjardins RL, MacPherson I. Scale analysis of airborne flux measurements over heterogeneous terrain in a boreal ecosystem. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd008133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Mauder
- Research Branch, Agriculture and Agri‐Food Canada Ottawa, Ontario Canada
| | | | - Ian MacPherson
- Flight Research Laboratory, National Research Council Institute for Aerospace Research Ottawa, Ontario Canada
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Liljedahl A, Hinzman L, Busey R, Yoshikawa K. Physical short-term changes after a tussock tundra fire, Seward Peninsula, Alaska. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jf000554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Samuelsson P, Tjernström M. Mesoscale flow modification induced by land-lake surface temperature and roughness differences. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd900057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Eugster W, Rouse WR, Pielke RA, Mcfadden JP, Baldocchi DD, Kittel TGF, Chapin FS, Liston GE, Vidale PL, Vaganov E, Chambers S. Land-atmosphere energy exchange in Arctic tundra and boreal forest: available data and feedbacks to climate. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2000; 6:84-115. [PMID: 35026939 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.06015.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This paper summarizes and analyses available data on the surface energy balance of Arctic tundra and boreal forest. The complex interactions between ecosystems and their surface energy balance are also examined, including climatically induced shifts in ecosystem type that might amplify or reduce the effects of potential climatic change. High latitudes are characterized by large annual changes in solar input. Albedo decreases strongly from winter, when the surface is snow-covered, to summer, especially in nonforested regions such as Arctic tundra and boreal wetlands. Evapotranspiration (QE ) of high-latitude ecosystems is less than from a freely evaporating surface and decreases late in the season, when soil moisture declines, indicating stomatal control over QE , particularly in evergreen forests. Evergreen conifer forests have a canopy conductance half that of deciduous forests and consequently lower QE and higher sensible heat flux (QH ). There is a broad overlap in energy partitioning between Arctic and boreal ecosystems, although Arctic ecosystems and light taiga generally have higher ground heat flux because there is less leaf and stem area to shade the ground surface, and the thermal gradient from the surface to permafrost is steeper. Permafrost creates a strong heat sink in summer that reduces surface temperature and therefore heat flux to the atmosphere. Loss of permafrost would therefore amplify climatic warming. If warming caused an increase in productivity and leaf area, or fire caused a shift from evergreen to deciduous forest, this would increase QE and reduce QH . Potential future shifts in vegetation would have varying climate feedbacks, with largest effects caused by shifts from boreal conifer to shrubland or deciduous forest (or vice versa) and from Arctic coastal to wet tundra. An increase of logging activity in the boreal forests appears to reduce QE by roughly 50% with little change in QH , while the ground heat flux is strongly enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Eugster
- Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Hallerstrasse 12, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Wayne R Rouse
- School of Geography and Geology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Roger A Pielke
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1371, USA
| | - Joseph P Mcfadden
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, USA
| | | | | | - F Stuart Chapin
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, USA
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80307-3000, USA
| | - Glen E Liston
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1371, USA
| | - Pier Luigi Vidale
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1371, USA
| | - Eugene Vaganov
- Institute of Forestry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
| | - Scott Chambers
- Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7000, USA
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Sun J, Desjardins R, Mahrt L, MacPherson I. Transport of carbon dioxide, water vapor, and ozone by turbulence and local circulations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jd02439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Taylor CM, Harding RJ, Pielke RA, Vidale PL, Walko RL, Pomeroy JW. Snow breezes in the boreal forest. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jd02004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Sellers PJ, Hall FG, Kelly RD, Black A, Baldocchi D, Berry J, Ryan M, Ranson KJ, Crill PM, Lettenmaier DP, Margolis H, Cihlar J, Newcomer J, Fitzjarrald D, Jarvis PG, Gower ST, Halliwell D, Williams D, Goodison B, Wickland DE, Guertin FE. BOREAS in 1997: Experiment overview, scientific results, and future directions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd03300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 376] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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