1
|
Voorter CEM, Groeneweg M, Olieslagers TI, Fae I, Fischer GF, Andreani M, Troiano M, Vidan-Jeras B, Montanic S, Hepkema BG, Bungener LB, Tilanus MGJ, Wieten L. Resolving unknown nucleotides in the IPD-IMGT/HLA database by extended and full-length sequencing of HLA class I and II alleles. Immunogenetics 2024; 76:109-121. [PMID: 38400869 PMCID: PMC10944811 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-024-01333-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
In the past, identification of HLA alleles was limited to sequencing the region of the gene coding for the peptide binding groove, resulting in a lack of sequence information in the HLA database, challenging HLA allele assignment software programs. We investigated full-length sequences of 19 HLA class I and 7 HLA class II alleles, and we extended another 47 HLA class I alleles with sequences of 5' and 3' UTR regions that were all not yet available in the IPD-IMGT/HLA database. We resolved 8638 unknown nucleotides in the coding sequence of HLA class I and 2139 of HLA class II. Furthermore, with full-length sequencing of the 26 alleles, more than 90 kb of sequence information was added to the non-coding sequences, whereas extension of the 47 alleles resulted in the addition of 5.5 kb unknown nucleotides to the 5' UTR and > 31.7 kb to the 3' UTR region. With this information, some interesting features were observed, like possible recombination events and lineage evolutionary origins. The continuing increase in the availability of full-length sequences in the HLA database will enable the identification of the evolutionary origin and will help the community to improve the alignment and assignment accuracy of HLA alleles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina E M Voorter
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Mathijs Groeneweg
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Timo I Olieslagers
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Fae
- Department for Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gottfried F Fischer
- Department for Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marco Andreani
- Laboratorio di Immunogenetica dei Trapianti, Dipartimento di Oncoematologia, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Troiano
- Laboratorio di Immunogenetica dei Trapianti, Dipartimento di Oncoematologia, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Blanka Vidan-Jeras
- Tissue Typing Center, Blood Transfusion Centre of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sendi Montanic
- Tissue Typing Center, Blood Transfusion Centre of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Bouke G Hepkema
- Transplantation Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Laura B Bungener
- Transplantation Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel G J Tilanus
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lotte Wieten
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Duygu B, Matern BM, Wieten L, Voorter CEM, Tilanus MGJ. Specific amino acid patterns define split specificities of HLA-B15 antigens enabling conversion from DNA-based typing to serological equivalents. Immunogenetics 2020; 72:339-346. [PMID: 32561995 PMCID: PMC7456404 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-020-01172-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The HLA-B15 typing by serological approaches defined the serological subgroups (or splits) B62, B63, B75, B76, B77 and B70 (B71 and B72). The scarcity of sera with specific anti-HLA antibodies makes the serological typing method difficult to discriminate a high variety of HLA antigens, especially between the B15 antigen subgroups. Advancements in DNA-based technologies have led to a switch from serological typing to high-resolution DNA typing methods. DNA sequencing techniques assign B15 specificity to all alleles in the HLA-B*15 allele group, without distinction of the serological split equivalents. However, the presence of antibodies in the patient defined as split B15 antigens urges the identification of HLA-B*15 allele subtypes of the donor, since the presence of donor-specific antibodies is an important contraindication for organ transplantation. Although the HLA dictionary comprises information regarding the serological subtypes of HLA alleles, there are currently 394 B15 antigens out of 516 in the IPD-IMGT/HLA database (3.38.0) without any assigned serological subtype. In this regard, we aimed to identify specific amino acid patterns for each B*15 serological split, in order to facilitate the assignment of B*15 alleles to serological equivalents after high-resolution molecular typing. As a result, serological specificities of 372/394 not yet assigned alleles could be predicted based on amino acid motifs. Furthermore, two new serological types were identified and added, B62-Bw4 and B71-Bw4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Duygu
- Transplantation Immunology, Tissue Typing Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- GROW, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Benedict M Matern
- Transplantation Immunology, Tissue Typing Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- GROW, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lotte Wieten
- Transplantation Immunology, Tissue Typing Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- GROW, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Christina E M Voorter
- Transplantation Immunology, Tissue Typing Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- GROW, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel G J Tilanus
- Transplantation Immunology, Tissue Typing Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- GROW, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hurley CK. Naming HLA diversity: A review of HLA nomenclature. Hum Immunol 2020; 82:457-465. [PMID: 32307125 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The development of a standardized HLA nomenclature has been critical in our understanding of the HLA system and in facilitating the clinical applications of HLA. The Nomenclature Committee for Factors of the HLA System, established in 1968, has overseen the development and usage of nomenclature based on serologic specificities, cellular responses, and DNA sequences. Their decisions have been guided by community consensus reached through 17 international workshops beginning in 1964 and continuing today. Two websites provide a curated database of the sequences of over 26,000 HLA alleles and a reference site for the current nomenclature. This review covers the major steps in the development of the HLA nomenclature as well as the efforts of other groups to extend its usefulness for research and clinical applications.
Collapse
|
4
|
Kaur N, Kransdorf EP, Pando MJ, Maiers M, Ray B, Lee JH, Lalli P, Murphey CL, Bray RA, Gragert L. Mapping molecular HLA typing data to UNOS antigen equivalents. Hum Immunol 2018; 79:781-789. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
5
|
Geneugelijk K, Niemann M, de Hoop T, Spierings E. Completion of HLA protein sequences by automated homology-based nearest-neighbor extrapolation of HLA database sequences. Hum Immunol 2016; 77:1030-1036. [PMID: 27060031 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The IMGT/HLA database contains every publicly available HLA sequence. However, most of these HLA protein sequences are restricted to the alpha-1/alpha-2 domain for HLA class-I and alpha-1/beta-1 domain for HLA class-II. Nevertheless, also polymorphism outside these domains may play a role in alloreactivity after transplantation. Several computational algorithms that aim for predicting alloreactivity after transplantation, HLAMatchmaker and the PIRCHE algorithm, require a major or the whole part of the HLA protein sequence as input for their prediction. In this study we describe an automated homology-based nearest-neighbor method to extrapolate incomplete HLA protein sequences. To get insight in the reliability of our extrapolation method, we performed a 10-fold cross-validation. The majority of the amino acid positions of the individual HLA class-I and -II proteins were correctly predicted. Eplets as defined by HLAMatchmaker were located both at correctly predicted as well as at lower reliably predicted amino acid positions. Moreover, six out of seven completely sequenced HLA alleles with previously unknown exons sequences were in agreement with the extrapolated amino acid sequences. In conclusion, incomplete HLA sequences can be completed by a homology-based nearest-neighbor principle. Since this method is automated, future submitted incomplete HLA sequences can easily be extrapolated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Geneugelijk
- Laboratory for Translational Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Talitha de Hoop
- Laboratory for Translational Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Eric Spierings
- Laboratory for Translational Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tilanus MGJ, van Dijk A, van de Velde H, Hepkema B. Identification of a new allele polymorphism (HLA-B*40:79) and correlation with the HLA-B40 (B60 and B61) antigens. TISSUE ANTIGENS 2014; 82:293-4. [PMID: 24461007 DOI: 10.1111/tan.12202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Full gene sequence of the HLA-B*40:79 allele; gene polymorphism defines HLA-B60 and B61 lineages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M G J Tilanus
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Tissue Typing Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Choi SE, Park CW, Sohn YH, Ko SY, Oh HB, Kim GH, Kim H. Artificial neural network weights of residues for the serological specificities of HLA. Int J Immunogenet 2011; 38:269-75. [PMID: 21320291 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2011.00999.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
New human leucocyte antigen (HLA) alleles are assigned largely based on their sequence homologies due to lack of information on the serological reactivities. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been tested as a possible tool for helping to predict the serology of new alleles in the absence of serological information. However, an ANN analysis per se imparts no information regarding which residues are important in determining serological specificity. To address this issue, we extracted ANN weights of HLA residues. The ANN was trained using 139 HLA-A, 302 HLA-B and 136 HLA-DRB1 alleles, for which serological specificities were assigned in the 2004 Nomenclature Report. When the trained ANN was evaluated using alleles that were contained in the HLA Dictionary 2008 but had not been employed in the training set, the accuracy was 91% (29/32) for HLA-A, 91% (40/44) for HLA-B and 90% (9/10) for HLA-DR. Finally, ANN residue weights were extracted by summing the weights of directly connected ANN nodes. When we assessed the significance of the ANN residue weights by comparing our data with the results of epitope studies conducted by El-Awar and colleagues, we found that the ANN weights tended to be high at the epitopes described by El-Awar et al. Furthermore, the ANN weights extracted in this work could be used to explain ambiguous characteristics of serological specificities to some extent. Our data are thus considered to support the results of the epitope studies conducted by El-Awar and advance our understanding of the ambiguous serological specificities of some alleles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S-E Choi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, 388-1 Pungnap2-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Holdsworth R, Hurley CK, Marsh SGE, Lau M, Noreen HJ, Kempenich JH, Setterholm M, Maiers M. The HLA dictionary 2008: a summary of HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1/3/4/5, and -DQB1 alleles and their association with serologically defined HLA-A, -B, -C, -DR, and -DQ antigens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 73:95-170. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2008.01183.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
9
|
Spellman S, Setterholm M, Maiers M, Noreen H, Oudshoorn M, Fernandez-Viña M, Petersdorf E, Bray R, Hartzman RJ, Ng J, Hurley CK. Advances in the selection of HLA-compatible donors: refinements in HLA typing and matching over the first 20 years of the National Marrow Donor Program Registry. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2008; 14:37-44. [PMID: 18721779 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2008.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2008] [Accepted: 05/01/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Spellman
- National Marrow Donor Program, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55413, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mrazek F, Fae I, Ambruzova Z, Raida L, Kriegova E, Indrak K, Fischer GF, Petrek M. A single amino acid exchange shifts the serological reactivity of the novel HLA-B*4442 allele product from HLA-B44 to HLA-B21. Int J Immunogenet 2006; 33:197-200. [PMID: 16712651 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2006.00596.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel HLA-B (human leukocyte antigen-B) allele, HLA-B*4442, was identified both in a Czech patient with leukaemia and in his mother. The presence of a novel allele was initially suspected because conflicting results were obtained by serological and DNA typing techniques. The HLA typing using the polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP) at the two-digit level indicated an allele belonging to the HLA-B*44 group, whereas serological typing indicated HLA-B21. Typing with PCR-sequence-specific oligonucleotides (PCR-SSO) resulted in a unique reaction pattern that could not be assigned to a known allele, PCR-SSP typing at the four-digit level did not match any known B*44 allele, either. The sequencing-based typing of the HLA-B locus then revealed the novel B*4442 allele that is identical with B*4405 except a single C-->G nucleotide exchange at position 572. This exchange results in an amino acid substitution from serine to tryptophan at position 167 of the expressed HLA-B protein. The B21 serological reactivity of the novel B*4442 allele product was confirmed by employing an additional serological panel of typing sera. Our findings support previous reports claiming that serine at the position 167 in the alpha-2 domain of the HLA-B protein is a major determinant of the HLA-B44(12) serological epitope.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Mrazek
- Tissue Typing Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Medical Faculty Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Schreuder GMT, Hurley CK, Marsh SGE, Lau M, Fernandez-Vina M, Noreen HJ, Setterholm M, Maiers M. The HLA Dictionary 2004: a summary of HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1/3/4/5 and -DQB1 alleles and their association with serologically defined HLA-A, -B, -C, -DR and -DQ antigens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 65:1-55. [PMID: 15663741 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2005.00350.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This report presents serologic equivalents of human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DRB3, -DRB4, -DRB5 and -DQB1 alleles. The dictionary is an update of the one published in 2001. The data summarize equivalents obtained by the World Health Organization Nomenclature Committee for factors of the HLA System, the International Cell Exchange, the National Marrow Donor Program, recent publications and individual laboratories. This latest update of the dictionary is enhanced by the inclusion of results from studies performed during the 13th International Histocompatibility Workshop and from neural network analyses. A summary of the data as recommended serologic equivalents is presented as expert assigned types. The tables include remarks for alleles, which are or may be expressed as antigens with serologic reaction patterns that differ from the well-established HLA specificities. The equivalents provided will be useful in guiding searches for unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donors in which patients and/or potential donors are typed by either serology or DNA-based methods. The serological DNA equivalent dictionary will also aid in typing and matching procedures for organ transplant programs whose waiting lists of potential donors and recipients comprise of mixtures of serologic and DNA-based typings. The tables with HLA equivalents and a questionnaire for submission of serologic reaction patterns for poorly identified allelic products will be made available through the WMDA web page: www.worldmarrow.org. and in the near future also in a searchable form on the IMGT/HLA database.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G M Th Schreuder
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Schreuder GMT, Hurley CK, Marsh SGE, Lau M, Fernandez-Vina MA, Noreen HJ, Setterholm M, Maiers M. HLA dictionary 2004: summary of HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1/3/4/5, -DQB1 alleles and their association with serologically defined HLA-A, -B, -C, -DR, and -DQ antigens. Hum Immunol 2005; 66:170-210. [PMID: 15695003 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2004.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2004] [Accepted: 09/30/2003] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This report presents serologic equivalents of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DRB3, -DRB4, -DRB5, and -DQB1 alleles. The dictionary is an update of the one published in 2001. The data summarize equivalents obtained by the World Health Organization (WHO) Nomenclature Committee for Factors of the HLA System, the International Cell Exchange (UCLA), the National Marrow Donor Program, recent publications, and individual laboratories. This latest update of the dictionary is enhanced by the inclusion of results from studies performed during the 13th International Histocompatibility Workshop and from neural network analyses. A summary of the data as recommended serologic equivalents is presented as expert assigned types. The tables include remarks for alleles, which are or may be expressed as antigens with serologic reaction patterns that differ from the well-established HLA specificities. The equivalents provided will be useful in guiding searches for unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donors in which patients and/or potential donors are typed by either serology or DNA-based methods. The serological-DNA equivalent dictionary will also aid in typing and matching procedures for organ transplant programs whose waiting lists of potential donors and recipients are comprised of mixtures of serologic and DNA-based typings. The tables with HLA equivalents and a questionnaire for submission of serologic reaction patterns for poorly identified allelic products will be made available through the World Marrow Donor Association Web page (www.worldmarrow.org).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geziena M Th Schreuder
- World Marrow Donor Association Quality Assurance and IT Working Groups Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Schreuder GMT, Hurley CK, Marsh SGE, Lau M, Fernandez-Vina M, Noreen HJ, Setterholm M, Maiers M. The HLA Dictionary 2004: a summary of HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1/3/4/5 and -DQB1 alleles and their association with serologically defined HLA-A, -B, -C, -DR and -DQ antigens. Int J Immunogenet 2005; 32:19-69. [PMID: 15686589 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2005.00497.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This report presents serological equivalents of HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DRB3, -DRB4, -DRB5 and -DQB1 alleles. The dictionary is an update of that published in 2001. The data summarize equivalents obtained by the World Health Organization Nomenclature Committee for Factors of the HLA System, the International Cell Exchange (UCLA), the National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP), recent publications and individual laboratories. This latest update of the dictionary is enhanced by the inclusion of results from studies performed during the 13th International Histocompatibility Workshop and from neural network analyses. A summary of the data as recommended serological equivalents is presented as expert assigned types. The tables include remarks for alleles, which are or may be expressed as antigens with serological reaction patterns that differ from the well-established HLA specificities. The equivalents provided will be useful in guiding searches for unrelated haematopoietic stem cell donors in which patients and/or potential donors are typed by either serology or DNA-based methods. The serological DNA equivalent dictionary will also aid in typing and matching procedures for organ transplant programmes whose waiting lists of potential donors and recipients comprise mixtures of serological and DNA-based typings. The tables with HLA equivalents and a questionnaire for submission of serological reaction patterns for poorly identified allelic products will be made available through the WMDA web page (http://www.worldmarrow.org) and, in the near future, also in a searchable form on the IMGT/HLA database.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G M Th Schreuder
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hurley CK, Setterholm M, Lau M, Pollack MS, Noreen H, Howard A, Fernandez-Vina M, Kukuruga D, Müller CR, Venance M, Wade JA, Oudshoorn M, Raffoux C, Enczmann J, Wernet P, Maiers M. Hematopoietic stem cell donor registry strategies for assigning search determinants and matching relationships. Bone Marrow Transplant 2003; 33:443-50. [PMID: 14676778 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1704365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Registries and cord blood banks around the world collect and store the HLA types of volunteers in order to identify matched unrelated donors for patients requiring hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This task is complicated by the many formats in which HLA types are provided by the testing laboratories (types obtained by serology vs by DNA-based methods; high vs intermediate vs low resolution) and by the need to identify which of these diverse types are most likely to match the HLA assignments of a searching patient as closely as possible. Conversion of the assignments to 'search determinants' may be included within the algorithm used to select and prioritize a list of potentially suitable donors, either as an aid to matching or as a tool to optimize the performance of comparisons within large data files. The strategies used by registries to create search determinants are described. A set of search determinants, utilized by the National Marrow Donor Program, is provided as an example and is intended to initiate further discussion aimed at understanding the process used by each registry with the possibility of developing a standard process among registries worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C K Hurley
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|