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Rosen A, Chan WV, Matelski J, Walsh C, Murji A. Medical treatment of uterine arteriovenous malformation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Fertil Steril 2021; 116:1107-1116. [PMID: 34130801 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.05.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To quantify the efficacy of medical management of uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and compare efficacy between different classes of medication. In addition, we evaluated for factors associated with treatment success and pregnancy outcomes after medical management. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. SETTING Not applicable. PATIENT(S) Thirty-two studies representing 121 premenopausal women with medically-treated uterine AVM were identified via database searches of MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and cited references. INTERVENTION(S) Medical treatment with progestins, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRH-a), methotrexate, combined hormonal contraception , uterotonics, danazol, or combination of the above. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Primary outcome of treatment success was defined as AVM resolution without subsequent procedural interventions. Secondary outcome was treatment complication (readmission or transfusion). RESULT(S) The overall success rate of medical management was 88% (106/121). After adjusting for clustering effects, success rates for progestin (82.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 70.1%-90.4%), GnRH-a (89.3%; 99% CI, 71.4%-96.5%) and methotrexate (90.0%; 99% CI, 55.8%-98.8%) were significantly different from the null hypothesis of 50% success. The agents with the lowest adjusted proportion of complications were progestins (10.0%; 99% CI, 3.3%-26.8%) and GnRH-a (10.7%; 99% CI, 3.5%-28.4%). No clinical factors were found to predict treatment success. Twenty-six subsequent pregnancies are described, with no reported recurrences of AVM. CONCLUSION(S) Medical management for uterine AVM is a reasonable approach in a well selected patient. These data should be interpreted in the context of significant publication bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Rosen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wilson Ventura Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Matelski
- Biostatistics Research Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chris Walsh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ally Murji
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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2
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Giurazza F, Corvino F, Silvestre M, Cavaglià E, Amodio F, Cangiano G, De Magistris G, Niola R. Uterine Arteriovenous Malformations. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2020; 42:37-45. [PMID: 33541588 DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Uterine arteriovenous malformations are rare but may represent a life-threatening cause of vaginal bleeding. The typical patient affected is a multiparous woman during her thirties. The origin can be congenital or acquired, with the latter being more common after uterine surgery and presenting mainly as arteriovenous fistulous connections into the myometrium supplied by uterine arteries. The correct diagnosis of uterine arteriovenous malformations requires imaging findings of tubular and tortuous structures with mixed signal from arterial and venous flows; transvaginal color-Doppler ultrasound is the initial technique applied, then integrated with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance or computed tomography. Multiple treatment approaches are available, including conservative-medical, endovascular embolization and surgery. Transarterial embolization represents the most applied, preserving childbearing capacity with negligible procedural complications; clinical and technical success rates are elevated, up to 90%. The goal of embolization is to occlude the point of fistula or the nidus and the application of multiple embolizing agents has been reported: despite there is no clear superiority of one over the others, liquids, especially those related to the dymethil-sulfoxide family, present relevant technical advantages. Surgery is nowadays to be considered when the endovascular approach fails and in these cases hysterectomy remains the common recommendation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Giurazza
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Department, Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy.
| | - Fabio Corvino
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Department, Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Mattia Silvestre
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Department, Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Enrico Cavaglià
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Department, Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Amodio
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Department, Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluca Cangiano
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Department, Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Magistris
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Department, Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaella Niola
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Department, Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
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3
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Hammad R, Nausheen S, Malik M. A Case Series on Uterine Arteriovenous Malformations: A Life-Threatening Emergency in Young Women. Cureus 2020; 12:e9410. [PMID: 32864239 PMCID: PMC7449621 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.9410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a rare condition, with few cases reported in the literature. Despite being rare, it is a potentially life-threatening condition in women of child-bearing age. It should be considered in the differential diagnosis of prolonged or irregular vaginal bleeding, which, otherwise, can lead to critical complications ending up in severe morbidity and mortality. This case series describes four cases of young Asian women aged between 33 and 38 years who presented with irregular vaginal bleeding. Trans-abdominal ultrasound of the pelvis showed increased vascularity with multi-directional blood flow in the uterus. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed an arteriovenous malformation in all cases. All cases remained stable through the diagnostic journey. Embolization of the arteriovenous malformation was performed successfully in three cases and one case was managed conservatively on hormones. Later, two of them conceived within a year and had live births at term. The aim of reporting these cases is to share the common presentation of this condition and our experience in making the diagnosis and treatment of such patients. Although a few cases are reported world over, none was reported earlier from Pakistani Asian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Hammad
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, PAK
| | - Sidrah Nausheen
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, PAK
| | - Mumtaz Malik
- Radiology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, PAK
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4
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Taneja A, Chopra I, Kaur H, Naik SS, Aggarwal R, Sachdeva E, Kaur P. Successful management of abnormal uterine bleeding from uterine arteriovenous malformations with progesterone in postabortal patients. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2019; 45:1114-1117. [DOI: 10.1111/jog.13939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashima Taneja
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyDayanand Medical College and Hospital Ludhiana India
| | - Isha Chopra
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyDayanand Medical College and Hospital Ludhiana India
| | - Harmeet Kaur
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyDayanand Medical College and Hospital Ludhiana India
| | - Sushree S. Naik
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyAll India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar India
| | - Reetika Aggarwal
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyDayanand Medical College and Hospital Ludhiana India
| | - Eshani Sachdeva
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyDayanand Medical College and Hospital Ludhiana India
| | - Poonampreet Kaur
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyDayanand Medical College and Hospital Ludhiana India
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5
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Spontaneous Regression of Uterine Arteriovenous Malformations with Conservative Management. Case Rep Obstet Gynecol 2017; 2017:6437670. [PMID: 28299220 PMCID: PMC5337316 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6437670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM) can cause massive hemorrhage and is often treated with uterine artery embolization (UAE), which may lead to ovarian insufficiency. Thus, avoiding UAE should be considered, particularly in women undergoing fertility treatments. We present three women diagnosed with postmiscarriage AVM on color Doppler by transvaginal ultrasound imaging. They had no genital bleeding and a small mass, measuring 16–22 mm. If estradiol was >300 pg/mL when AVM was diagnosed, then a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist was administered. All three women underwent follow-up observation, revealing spontaneous mass disappearance. To avoid ovarian insufficiency risk with UAE, conservative management and close follow-up observation should be considered in patients with AVM without bleeding, particularly during the fertility treatment.
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6
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Ishihara T, Kanasaki H, Oride A, Hara T, Kyo S. Differential diagnosis and management of placental polyp and uterine arteriovenous malformation: Case reports and review of the literature. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 12:538-543. [PMID: 29334028 PMCID: PMC5373263 DOI: 10.1177/1745505717692590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Postpartum uterine bleeding is not uncommon and is caused by a variety of obstetrical and gynecological disorders, such as retained placenta, dysfunctional bleeding, and endometrial polyps. Placental polyps and uterine arteriovenous malformation are disorders often encountered in cases of abnormal uterine bleeding in the late puerperal period. These patients may experience life-threatening bleeding and require prompt intervention based on the correct differential diagnosis. The optimal treatments for both diseases differ as follows: intrauterine curettage or transcervical resection are chosen for placental polyps, while total abdominal hysterectomy or uterine artery embolization is preferred for uterine arteriovenous malformation since intrauterine curettage or transcervical resection has the risk of massive bleeding. However, since placental polyp and uterine arteriovenous malformation have similar clinical characteristics, it is important to accurately identify and differentiate between them to ensure optimal therapy. We report here cases that were suggestive of placental polyp or uterine arteriovenous malformation. We discuss the differential diagnoses and treatments for both diseases based on a literature review and propose a novel algorithm for managing such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Ishihara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Kanasaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan
| | - Aki Oride
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan
| | - Tomomi Hara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan
| | - Satoru Kyo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan
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7
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Successful Treatment of Uterine Arteriovenous Malformation due to Uterine Trauma. Case Rep Obstet Gynecol 2016; 2016:1890650. [PMID: 27699074 PMCID: PMC5028872 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1890650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is defined as abnormal and nonfunctional connections between the uterine arteries and veins. Although the patients typically present with vaginal bleeding, some patients may experience life-threatening massive bleeding in some circumstances. The treatment of choice depends on the symptoms, age, desire for future fertility, and localization and size of the lesion; however, embolization of the uterine artery is the first choice in symptomatic AVM in patients at reproductive age with expectations of future fertility. We report a case of acquired AVM (after D/C) with an extensive lesion, which was successfully treated with bilateral uterine artery embolization (UAE).
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8
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Chen LK, Yang BL, Chen KC, Tsai YL. Successful Transarterial Embolization of Uterine Arteriovenous Malformation: Report of Three Cases. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY 2016; 13:e15358. [PMID: 27110329 PMCID: PMC4835739 DOI: 10.5812/iranjradiol.15358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2013] [Revised: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Uterine arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are relatively rare disorders that can cause life-threatening vaginal bleeding. We describe three childbearing-age females, who had abdominal pain and heavy vaginal bleeding, and were diagnosed as uterine AVM by color Doppler and angiography. The patients received successful superselective transarterial embolization (TAE) with N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA). Three years after treatment, one of them was admitted to our hospital for vaginal delivery at 39 weeks of gestation, and the baby was healthy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Kuang Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Corresponding author: Liang-Kuang Chen, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Tel: +886-228332211, Fax: +886-228389359, E-mail:
| | - Bi-Li Yang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chang Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Chung Shan Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yieh-Loong Tsai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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9
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Eling R, Kent A, Robertson M. Pregnancy after uterine arteriovenous malformation-case series and literature review. Australas J Ultrasound Med 2015; 15:87-96. [PMID: 28191151 PMCID: PMC5025090 DOI: 10.1002/j.2205-0140.2012.tb00012.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To perform a retrospective audit of cases of uterine arteriovenous malformations (UAVM) at The Canberra Hospital and review of recent literature reporting pregnancies occurring after the diagnosis of UAVM aiming to devise a diagnostic and treatment protocol to optimise pregnancy post UAVM. Methods: A retrospective audit of cases of UAVM at the Canberra Hospital from a prospectively managed patient database was performed. A search of the electronic database PubMed, for articles between 2000-2011 relating to pregnancy post UAVM. Individual case studies were analysed separately to case series. Results: The study included 28 individual studies and five case series (61 women). Average age was 29.5 ± 6.7 (range 18-42). Most women (24, 85.7%, 100% in case series) presented with abnormal vaginal bleeding; 11 (41%) individuals presented post interruption of pregnancy. All women had had a previous pregnancy (mean gravidity 3.1 ± 3.1, range 1-15 for case studies) and only four women (14.2 %) had no history of uterine trauma. Only one woman (3.6 %) did not have any ultrasound and most women underwent colour Doppler ultrasonography (20, 71.4% in case studies; 61, 83.6% in case series). Of the women, 72 (53.6 % of case studies, 78.1 % of case series) were treated with uterine artery embolisation, seven (25%) were treated expectantly. A total of 63 pregnancies occurred post treatment, seven (13.9%) ending in miscarriage. Average time to conceive post diagnosis was 19 months ± 16.3 (range 2-72). A total of 54 healthy infants were born to mothers post AVM diagnosis. Conclusion: UAVM are likely to exist on a continuum with other pregnancy related pathologies, such as sub involution of the placental bed, making a single best diagnostic and treatment plan difficult. However, this study shows that successful uncomplicated pregnancy is achievable for women after the diagnosis of UAVM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeka Eling
- Australian National University Medical School Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia
| | - Alison Kent
- Australian National UniversityMedical SchoolCanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia; Dept of NeonatologyCanberra HospitalWodenAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia
| | - Meiri Robertson
- Australian National UniversityMedical SchoolCanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia; Fetal Medicine UnitCanberra HospitalWodenAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia
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10
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Brossat H, Frigo S, Langer B. [Successful expectant management of a uterine arteriovenous malformation]. GYNECOLOGIE, OBSTETRIQUE & FERTILITE 2015; 43:815-817. [PMID: 26584891 DOI: 10.1016/j.gyobfe.2015.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Brossat
- Département de gynécologie-obstétrique, hôpital de Hautepierre, hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, 67100 Strasbourg, France.
| | - S Frigo
- Département de gynécologie-obstétrique, hôpital de Hautepierre, hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, 67100 Strasbourg, France
| | - B Langer
- Département de gynécologie-obstétrique, hôpital de Hautepierre, hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, 67100 Strasbourg, France
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11
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Lin CJ, Huang LW, Lin YH, Hwang JL, Seow KM. Interstitial ectopic pregnancy complicated by uterine arteriovenous malformations treated with unilateral transarterial embolization. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2014; 53:279-81. [PMID: 25017288 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ju Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Wen Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, Taipei Hsien, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hung Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, Taipei Hsien, Taiwan
| | - Jiann-Loung Hwang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kok-Min Seow
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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12
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Oride A, Kanasaki H, Miyazaki K. Disappearance of a uterine arteriovenous malformation following long-term administration of oral norgestrel/ethinyl estradiol. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2014; 40:1807-10. [DOI: 10.1111/jog.12370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aki Oride
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Shimane University School of Medicine; Izumo Shimane Japan
| | - Haruhiko Kanasaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Shimane University School of Medicine; Izumo Shimane Japan
| | - Kohji Miyazaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Shimane University School of Medicine; Izumo Shimane Japan
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13
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SOEDA SHU, KYOZUKA HYO, SUZUKI SATOSHI, YASUDA SHUN, NOMURA YASUHISA, FUJIMORI KEIYA. UTERINE ARTERY EMBOLIZATION FOR UTERINE ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATION IS ASSOCIATED WITH PLACENTAL ABNORMALITIES IN THE SUBSEQUENT PREGNANCY: TWO CASES REPORT. Fukushima J Med Sci 2014; 60:86-90. [DOI: 10.5387/fms.2013-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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14
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Molvi SN, Dash K, Rastogi H, Khanna SB. Transcatheter Embolization of Uterine Arteriovenous Malformation: Report of 2 Cases and Review of Literature. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2011; 18:812-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2011.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2011] [Revised: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 07/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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15
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Peitsidis P, Manolakos E, Tsekoura V, Kreienberg R, Schwentner L. Uterine arteriovenous malformations induced after diagnostic curettage: a systematic review. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2011; 284:1137-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-011-2067-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Accepted: 08/11/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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16
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Resolution of Uterine Arteriovenous Malformation and Successful Pregnancy After Treatment With a Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist. Obstet Gynecol 2011; 117:452-455. [DOI: 10.1097/aog.0b013e3181f7381f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Marcellin L, Haddad B, Kayem G. [Case study of a severe hemorrhage during a dilatation and curettage: Arteriovenous malformation or first trimester placenta accreta?]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 39:331-6. [PMID: 20434278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgyn.2010.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2009] [Revised: 03/02/2010] [Accepted: 03/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A 27-year-old woman had a uterine curettage that was complicated by a severe hemorrhage. Ultrasonography and MRI showed a vascular lesion of the uterine fundus suspected to be an atypical arteriovenous malformation. The lesion spontaneously disappeared 2months later. The two most likely diagnoses are an arteriovenous malformation or a placenta accreta. The aim is to discuss the etiology of this serious complication from a case report of a severe hemorrhage during a uterine curettage.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Marcellin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Paris-XII, CHI de Créteil, 40, avenue de Verdun, 94010 Créteil, France.
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Yokomine D, Yoshinaga M, Baba Y, Matsuo T, Iguro Y, Nakajo M, Douchi T. Successful management of uterine arteriovenous malformation by ligation of feeding artery after unsuccessful uterine artery embolization. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2009; 35:183-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.2008.00875.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Patel S, Potti S, Jaspan D, Dandolu V. Embolization of uterine arteriovenous malformation for treatment of menorrhagia. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2008; 279:229-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-008-0684-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2007] [Accepted: 05/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Lin AC, Hung YC, Huang LC, Chiu TH, Ho M. Successful Treatment of Uterine Arteriovenous Malformation with Percutaneous Embolization. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2007; 46:60-3. [PMID: 17389192 DOI: 10.1016/s1028-4559(08)60109-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a rare condition and can be life-threatening if not managed properly. We report a case that was diagnosed by typical ultrasound imaging and treated successfully with uterine arterial embolization. CASE REPORT A 28-year-old female, gravida 4, para 3, abortus 1, presented with massive vaginal bleeding 19 days after a termination of pregnancy due to fetal anomaly. After a dilatation and curettage 3 years previously, typical ultrasound image findings and a declining pattern of serum beta-hCG (human chorionic gonadotrophin), acquired AVM was highly suspected. The patient underwent bilateral uterine arterial embolization. Four weeks later, there was nearly complete resolution of the AVM and the patient's menstrual cycle was restored 6 weeks after embolization. CONCLUSION AVM can be diagnosed at an early stage with the aid of history taking and ultrasound. Percutaneous embolotherapy is a safe and effective treatment for AVM, especially when fertility preservation is desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Chi Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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21
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Delotte J, Chevallier P, Benoit B, Castillon JM, Bongain A. Pregnancy after embolization therapy for uterine arteriovenous malformation. Fertil Steril 2006; 85:228. [PMID: 16412763 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2005] [Revised: 06/13/2005] [Accepted: 06/13/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe childbearing prognosis following embolization therapy for uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM). DESIGN Case report and review. SETTING University hospital. PATIENT(S) Thirteen patients, including our case, who underwent pregnancy after embolization therapy for arteriovenous malformation. INTERVENTION(S) Two successive embolization procedures. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Childbearing prognosis following embolization therapy for uterine AVM. RESULT(S) Bilateral embolization was performed in seven patients. In four cases, including ours, two successive embolization procedures were required to treat the uterine AVM. The longest delay between embolization and pregnancy was 5 years and the shortest was six weeks. Two patients presented with postpartum hemorrhage which was treated medically. One neonate required resuscitation after delivery in the context of Listeria infection. CONCLUSION(S) Conservative management of uterine AVMs using embolization therapy is being increasingly developed. New embolization agents and hyperselective technical procedures aim at reducing morbidity related to such treatments and preserving reproductive capacity in women of childbearing age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Delotte
- Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Reproduction et Médecine Faetale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Archet II, Nice, France.
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Tsai CC, Cheng YF, Changchien CC, Lin H. Successful term pregnancy after selective embolization of a large postmolar uterine arteriovenous malformation. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2006; 16 Suppl 1:439-41. [PMID: 16515641 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1438.2006.00238.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are very uncommon disorders. Successful conservative treatment with subsequently conceived is rarely reported. We describe a 31-year-old woman with a complex and large postmolar AVM; she was successfully treated with transarterial selective embolization for a long history of repeated excessive vaginal bleeding and anemia. She resumed normal menstrual periods soon after treatment, and she subsequently conceived about 2 years later. A healthy male baby was delivered at 39 weeks of gestation via vaginal route. Selective embolization of a complex and large uterine AVM seems to be feasible for the treatment of uterine bleeding and preservation of reproductive capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-C Tsai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Grivell RM, Reid KM, Mellor A. Uterine arteriovenous malformations: a review of the current literature. Obstet Gynecol Surv 2005; 60:761-7. [PMID: 16250925 DOI: 10.1097/01.ogx.0000183684.67656.ba] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition. AVMs often present with intractable bleeding and commonly are seen in association with pregnancy and uterine trauma. Ultrasound is the most common form of initial investigation, and computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are being used with greater frequency. Despite this, angiography remains the gold standard for diagnostic evaluation. Embolization has become a more acceptable form of treatment and allows more invasive forms of treatment, particularly hysterectomy, to be avoided. Numerous medical therapies have also been used in the management of patients with uterine AVM. Reports of successful pregnancies after diagnosis and treatment of a uterine AVM are still uncommon, but increasingly good outcomes are being reported after successful treatment of a confirmed uterine AVM. TARGET AUDIENCE Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Family Physicians Learning Objectives: After completion of this article, the reader should be able to describe the many and varied clinical manifestations of a uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM), summarize the best ways to manage an acute hemorrhage from an AVM, and identify the current best way to diagnose an AVM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalie M Grivell
- Department of Perinatal Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia 5006, Australia
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Castro-Aragon I, Aragon I, Urcuyo R, Abbott J, Levine D. Conservative management of a uterine arteriovenous malformation diagnosed in pregnancy. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2004; 23:1101-1106. [PMID: 15284470 DOI: 10.7863/jum.2004.23.8.1101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilse Castro-Aragon
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Ahn HY, Park IY, Lee G, Kim SJ, Shin JC. Uterine arteriovenous malformation. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2004; 271:172-5. [PMID: 15257407 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-003-0588-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2003] [Accepted: 10/20/2003] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Uterine arteriovenous malformations are very rare and potentially life-threatening. They can present with menorrhagia, postpartum bleeding, postmenopausal bleeding, an asymptomatic mass, or congestive heart failure. CASE REPORT We present a 37-year-old woman with massive uterine bleeding that started abruptly 3 weeks after D and C and was found to be due to arteriovenous malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Young Ahn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital, # 505 Banpo-Dong, 137-040 Seocho-Gu, Seoul, Korea.
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Ghai S, Rajan DK, Asch MR, Muradali D, Simons ME, TerBrugge KG. Efficacy of Embolization in Traumatic Uterine Vascular Malformations. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2003; 14:1401-8. [PMID: 14605105 DOI: 10.1097/01.rvi.0000096761.74047.7d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy of embolotherapy in patients with bleeding traumatic uterine arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective review of all patients who underwent pelvic arterial embolization at our institution between July 1992 and September 2002 was performed. Fifteen patients were diagnosed with a uterine vascular malformation on duplex ultrasonography and correlative MR imaging. Serial beta-human chorionic gonadotropin levels were measured to exclude gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. All patients underwent transcatheter embolization of the uterine arteries. Embolizations were performed with use of standard 4-5-F catheters and microcatheters when necessary. Embolic agents in the 25 procedures included glue only (n = 13), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles and glue (n = 4), PVA particles (n = 2), Gelfoam (n = 2), coils (n = 1), PVA particles and coils (n = 1), glue and Gelfoam (n = 1), and glue and coils (n = 1). PVA particle size ranged from 350 to 1,000 micro m. Outcomes assessed were cessation of bleeding, persistence or resolution of the AVM, complications, and pregnancy after embolization. These were assessed by chart, laboratory, and imaging reviews. RESULTS A total of 25 embolization procedures were performed in 15 patients. Six patients required repeat embolization (one patient underwent embolization on six occasions; five patients had two embolization procedures each) for recurrence of bleeding. Sixteen procedures were performed on an elective basis and nine were performed on an emergent basis. The technical success rate of embolization was 100%. The clinical success rate was 93%: bleeding was controlled in 14 of 15 patients and one patient underwent a hysterectomy. Four of the 15 patients subsequently had a total of five uneventful intrauterine pregnancies carried to term. The 14 patients who underwent successful embolization had no recurrence of bleeding at a median follow-up of 53 months (range, 3-124 months) after treatment. Three patients were eventually lost to follow-up. One minor complication (0.4%) of non-flow-limiting dissection of the internal iliac artery occurred. CONCLUSION Percutaneous embolotherapy is a safe and effective treatment for traumatic AVMs. This procedure allows for preservation of uterine function with the possibility of future pregnancy and should be considered as a primary treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeet Ghai
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network-University of Toronto, 399 Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada
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