Castleman's disease in the orbit. A 20-year follow-up

Unicentric Castleman's disease in the orbit: A case report

A 53-year-old man presented with a palpable mass on the left lower eyelid and occasional diplopia. Under suspicion of orbital lymphoma, an excisional biopsy was performed, and histopathology revealed Castleman's disease. Castleman's disease is a rare disorder of the lymphoid system, and only a few cases of Castleman's disease in the orbit have been reported.

Castleman's disease in the orbit of a 17-year-old girl: a case report

Castleman's disease is an atypical lympho proliferative disorder comprising hyaline vascular elements, plasma cells, or a mixture of both, which can present in unicentric or multicentric fashion. Resection of unicentric lesions is typically curative, but multicentric disease, also characterized by constitutional symptoms and a poorer prognosis, often requires treatment with chemotherapy, radiation, steroids, or immune modulators. Castleman's disease is rarely diagnosed in the orbit. The authors present the clinical and histopathological findings of a 17-year-old who was found to have a focal lesion in her orbit. She was successfully treated with surgical resection and was free of disease recurrence or other sequelae at 10-months follow up.

A rare case of bilateral orbital Castleman disease

Castleman disease is a non-neoplastic cause of lymphadenopathy, first described in 1956 by Dr. Benjamin Castleman. Orbital involvement in Castleman disease is extremely rare. We report a case of bilateral orbital Castleman disease in a 48-year-old Asian male who presented with bilateral inferior dystopia. MRI revealed bilateral extraconal superior orbital mass. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry of the mass revealed features of Castleman disease of hyaline vascular type. Castleman disease should be a differential in suspected idiopathic orbital inflammatory disease and lymphoproliferative disorders.

Castleman's disease presenting with uveal effusion syndrome

We report a rare case of multicentric Castleman's disease that presented with ophthalmic involvement, along with a review of the literature. A 63-year-old male presented with decreased visual acuity in both eyes. Both eyes had serous elevations of the retinas with shifting subretinal fluid and annular choroidal detachment. No retinal breaks were found. Laboratory tests revealed pancytopenia, hypergammaglobulinemia, and an increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Chest and abdominal computed tomographies showed multiple lymphadenopathies in the mediastinum, abdomen, and in both inguinal areas. Histological examination of the inguinal lymph node biopsy was consistent with Castleman's disease. After combination chemotherapy, the serous elevations of both retinas and the annular choroidal detachments of both eyes disappeared. Ophthalmic involvement in Castleman's disease is very rare, and to the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of ophthalmic involvement of Castlemans's disease in Korea.

Localized Intraorbital Castleman's disease: a case report

A 69-year-old man was found to have a right orbital soft-tissue mass on imaging as an incidental finding. Excisional biopsy revealed a well-circumscribed mass encasing the infraorbital nerve, consistent with Castleman's disease (CD) on histopathology. In the orbit, CD is extremely rare with few reported cases. We report this patient with localized intraorbital Castleman's disease.

Optic disc edema, cystoid macular edema, and elevated vascular endothelial growth factor in a patient with POEMS syndrome

A 48-year-old man with polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and skin changes (POEMS) syndrome had bilateral optic disc edema (ODE), bilateral cystoid macular edema (CME), anasarca, and elevated serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). This is the first reported example of ophthalmoscopic, angiographic, and optical coherence tomographic evidence of the combination of ODE and CME in this syndrome. This combination of features suggests that the ODE in this condition may be due to increased vascular permeability.

Orbital Pseudotumor as an Initial Manifestation of Multicentric Castleman's Disease

BACKGROUND

To report on a patient with multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD) who showed an orbital pseudotumor as an initial manifestation.

CASE

A Japanese male patient, 65 years old, initially exhibited swelling of the left eyelid. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed an infiltrating orbital mass around the left eye.

OBSERVATIONS

The patient was treated several times with short courses of oral corticosteroids without significant response. Eight years after the first examination, he was referred to our neuroophthalmology clinic owing to persistent eyelid swelling. He exhibited an accelerated erythrosedimentation rate, polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia, and multiple cervical and thoracic mediastinal lymphadenopathies. Histopathological examination revealed mixed-type MCD from a cervical lymph node and chronic inflammatory cell infiltration from eyelid swelling. Four months after his first visit, the patient's condition was complicated by fever, general fatigue, and hypoxemia. A cell marker study of the swollen lymph node showed monoclonality, indicating the development of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

CONCLUSIONS

The clinical course in this case suggests that an inflammatory reaction in the orbital tissue was initially present, before MCD, and that non-Hodgkin's lymphoma subsequently developed.