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Zhu G, Yi X, Chen L, Liu Q. Association between gingival bleeding and hematuria as biomarkers of periodontitis and renal disease: a review. Odontology 2024; 112:19-26. [PMID: 37491546 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-023-00840-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Gingival bleeding is a common complaint and symptom in patients with periodontitis. In clinics, gingival bleeding is regarded as an important sign of gingival inflammation, which is also of great significance in predicting the activity of periodontitis. Existing research has indicated that periodontitis has an impact on distant sites, such as the kidney. Hematuria is the principal feature of glomerular disease, which can reflect the degree and condition of glomerular inflammation. Previous studies have revealed an association between periodontal diseases with renal diseases, so a study is necessary to discuss their representative signs of them. For the moment, there are no reports that are concerned about the correlation between gingival bleeding with hematuria. The main point of this text is to review the potential association between gingival bleeding with hematuria, reveal their underlying mechanisms, and provide instructions for the therapy of periodontitis and glomerular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxun Zhu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xia Yi
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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2
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Saquib Abullais S, Wykole Y, Abdul Khader M, Mohamed Shamsudeen S, Alanazi S, Ullah Khateeb S, Saleem Bhat MY, Shamsuddin S. Estimation of serum C-reactive protein activity in periodontal health and disease and response to treatment: a clinico-biochemical study. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16495. [PMID: 38077410 PMCID: PMC10702329 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis is a chronic infectious disease affecting periodontium having multifactorial etiology, can cause significant systemic challengein addition to localized inflammation, tissue damage, and bone resorption. A serological marker of systemic inflammation known as C-reactive protein has been linked to an increased risk for a number of pathological conditions, including cardiovascular diseases. Aim To estimate levels of serum C-reactive protein in healthy individuals and subjects with periodontal diseases and to compare serum C-reactive protein levels in subjects having periodontal disease pre-operatively & post-operatively. Materials and methods The study was conducted on 60 subjects age ranging from 35 to 60 years. 30 individuals with healthy periodontium were in group 1 (control group) and the remaining 30 were diagnosed as adult periodontitis were in group 2 (experimental group). Periodontal examination done using gingival index, plaque index, periodontal pocket depth, and Russel's index. CRP levels were examined between group 1 and group 2 and in group 2 between baseline visit before treatment and 2 months after treatment. Results The findings of this study show a significant connection between periodontal disease and the inflammatory marker CRP in the body, as well as a tendency for a significant decrease in serumCRP levels following periodontitis therapy. At baseline, there was a positive correlation among C-reactive protein, probing pocket depth, and Russell's index. Conclusion As CRP is a key mediator for cardiovascular disease, an increase in C- reactive protein levels in periodontal diseases suggests a significant connection between periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases. Early periodontal treatment might decrease the severity of cardiovascular disease that already exists. This suggests that periodontal examination should be part of routine practicealong with cardiovascular examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahabe Saquib Abullais
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohasin Abdul Khader
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaik Mohamed Shamsudeen
- Department of Diagnostic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alanazi
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafait Ullah Khateeb
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Shaheen Shamsuddin
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Cueto Urbina A, Guzmán Opazo J, Sagredo Ramírez K, Parra Parra M, López De Blanc S. Association between periodontitis and postoperative complications in hospital medical surgical procedures: a systematic review. REVISTA CIENTÍFICA ODONTOLÓGICA 2023; 11:e177. [PMID: 38312471 PMCID: PMC10831989 DOI: 10.21142/2523-2754-1104-2023-177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis is potentially harmful in the perioperative period due to biofilm generating a environment for bacteria to spread and colonize other anatomical areas, which can generate a potential risk of infection, delayed healing, increased morbidity, and even induce avulsion in intubated patients, and subsequent aspiration or ingestion of teeth with increased mobility. Objective Associate the presence of periodontitis and postoperative complications in patients who underwent an in-hospital medical surgical procedure. Methods A systematic review based on studies extracted from PubMed and Scopus was carried out on June 10, 2020, based on the Population, Intervention, Comparison and Result search strategy. As inclusion criteria, the studies had to include all the disaggregated terms of the research question, have a publication date of less than 15 years, and the target population had to have undergone elective hospital medical-surgical interventions. The exclusion criteria corresponded to not presenting an analytical or experimental observational study design, not having made a periodontal clinical diagnosis of the study subjects, and not expressing in the results the presence of postoperative medical-hospital complications. Articles were assessed for quality by supplementing the STROBE guideline and Newcastle Ottawa, for risk of bias by supplementing the STROBE guideline and the Cochrane Collaboration handbook tool. Results A total of 131 articles were obtained, which were subjected to a selection process, resulting in 5 final analytical observational studies. A meta-analysis was performed and determined that periodontitis was a risk factor to postoperative complications after surgical procedures with an OR = 4,76; 95%CI [1,11-20,41]. Conclusions Optimize the guidelines for assessing quality and risk of bias can make their comparison with other studies complex, however it was determined in a statistically significant way that patients with periodontitis have a higher risk of generating postoperative complications after a medical hospital surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Cueto Urbina
- Public Health Division, School of Dentistry, University of Valparaiso, Chile. , , , Public Health Division School of Dentistry University of Valparaiso Chile
| | - Javiera Guzmán Opazo
- Public Health Division, School of Dentistry, University of Valparaiso, Chile. , , , Public Health Division School of Dentistry University of Valparaiso Chile
| | - Katherine Sagredo Ramírez
- Public Health Division, School of Dentistry, University of Valparaiso, Chile. , , , Public Health Division School of Dentistry University of Valparaiso Chile
| | - Miguel Parra Parra
- Public Health Division, School of Dentistry, University of Valparaiso, Chile. , , , Public Health Division School of Dentistry University of Valparaiso Chile
| | - Silvia López De Blanc
- Department of Oral Pathology and Stomatology, School of Dentistry, National University of Cordoba. Cordoba, Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba Department of Oral Pathology and Stomatology School of Dentistry National University of Cordoba. Cordoba Argentina
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4
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Gancz AS, Weyrich LS. Studying ancient human oral microbiomes could yield insights into the evolutionary history of noncommunicable diseases. F1000Res 2023; 12:109. [PMID: 37065506 PMCID: PMC10090864 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.129036.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) have played a critical role in shaping human evolution and societies. Despite the exceptional impact of NCDs economically and socially, little is known about the prevalence or impact of these diseases in the past as most do not leave distinguishing features on the human skeleton and are not directly associated with unique pathogens. The inability to identify NCDs in antiquity precludes researchers from investigating how changes in diet, lifestyle, and environments modulate NCD risks in specific populations and from linking evolutionary processes to modern health patterns and disparities. In this review, we highlight how recent advances in ancient DNA (aDNA) sequencing and analytical methodologies may now make it possible to reconstruct NCD-related oral microbiome traits in past populations, thereby providing the first proxies for ancient NCD risk. First, we review the direct and indirect associations between modern oral microbiomes and NCDs, specifically cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, and Alzheimer's disease. We then discuss how oral microbiome features associated with NCDs in modern populations may be used to identify previously unstudied sources of morbidity and mortality differences in ancient groups. Finally, we conclude with an outline of the challenges and limitations of employing this approach, as well as how they might be circumvented. While significant experimental work is needed to verify that ancient oral microbiome markers are indeed associated with quantifiable health and survivorship outcomes, this new approach is a promising path forward for evolutionary health research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail S Gancz
- Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Laura S Weyrich
- Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16802, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16802, USA
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5
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Gancz AS, Weyrich LS. Studying ancient human oral microbiomes could yield insights into the evolutionary history of noncommunicable diseases. F1000Res 2023; 12:109. [PMID: 37065506 PMCID: PMC10090864 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.129036.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) have played a critical role in shaping human evolution and societies. Despite the exceptional impact of NCDs economically and socially, little is known about the prevalence or impact of these diseases in the past as most do not leave distinguishing features on the human skeleton and are not directly associated with unique pathogens. The inability to identify NCDs in antiquity precludes researchers from investigating how changes in diet, lifestyle, and environments modulate NCD risks in specific populations and from linking evolutionary processes to modern health patterns and disparities. In this review, we highlight how recent advances in ancient DNA (aDNA) sequencing and analytical methodologies may now make it possible to reconstruct NCD-related oral microbiome traits in past populations, thereby providing the first proxies for ancient NCD risk. First, we review the direct and indirect associations between modern oral microbiomes and NCDs, specifically cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, and Alzheimer's disease. We then discuss how oral microbiome features associated with NCDs in modern populations may be used to identify previously unstudied sources of morbidity and mortality differences in ancient groups. Finally, we conclude with an outline of the challenges and limitations of employing this approach, as well as how they might be circumvented. While significant experimental work is needed to verify that ancient oral microbiome markers are indeed associated with quantifiable health and survivorship outcomes, this new approach is a promising path forward for evolutionary health research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail S Gancz
- Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Laura S Weyrich
- Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16802, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16802, USA
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6
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Yamashita D, Saito Y, Sato T, Matsumoto T, Suzuki S, Saito K, Wakabayashi S, Kitahara H, Sano K, Kobayashi Y. Impact of Denture Use on Ischemic and Bleeding Outcomes of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction. Intern Med 2022; 62:1251-1257. [PMID: 36130888 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.0306-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Oral diseases, including periodontitis and stomatitis, are highly prevalent worldwide and reportedly associated with the development of cardiovascular disease. Given the high rate of stomatitis in individuals wearing dentures, denture users may be at high risk of poor cardiovascular outcomes. We therefore investigated whether or not the use of dentures is associated with a poor clinical outcome in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI). Methods This two-center retrospective observational study was conducted between January 2012 and March 2020. A total of 1046 patients with acute MI who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention were divided into two groups according to denture use status. The primary outcomes included ischemic events (cardiovascular death, recurrent MI, and ischemic stroke) and major bleeding (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium type 3 or 5). Results Of the 1046 patients with acute MI, 387 (37.0%) used dentures. An older age and prior MI were associated with an increased likelihood of denture use. During the mean 660-day follow-up period, ischemic and major bleeding events occurred in 169 (16.2%) and 102 (9.8%) patients, respectively. Denture use was associated with an increased risk of ischemic events, whereas no significant intergroup differences were observed in major bleeding outcomes. The results were similar among patients ≥75 years old. Conclusions More than one-third of the patients with acute MI wore dentures. Our findings suggest that denture use is significantly associated with an increased risk of ischemic events but not bleeding outcomes after acute MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Yamashita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yuichi Saito
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takanori Sato
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Matsumoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Sakuramaru Suzuki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Eastern Chiba Medical Center, Japan
| | - Kan Saito
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | | | - Hideki Kitahara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Koichi Sano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Eastern Chiba Medical Center, Japan
| | - Yoshio Kobayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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Du S, Cheng M, Zhang C, Xu M, Wang S, Wang W, Wang X, Feng X, Tai B, Hu D, Lin H, Wang B, Wang C, Zheng S, Liu X, Rong W, Wang W, Xu T, Si Y. Income-related inequality and decomposition of edentulism among aged people in China. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:215. [PMID: 35641983 PMCID: PMC9153164 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02246-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to assess the income-related inequality of edentulism among the aged in China and identify the contributing factors.
Methods
A secondary analysis of data from the 4th National Oral Health Epidemiology Survey in China was conducted, and 65–74 years old were selected for the analysis of income-related inequality of edentulism. The concentration curve, Concentration index (CI) and Erreygers-corrected concentration index (EI) were used to represent inequality and its degree qualitatively and quantitatively, respectively. A decomposition method based on probit model was employed to determine the contributors of inequality, including demographic factors, income status, oral health-related knowledge, attitude and practices and self-perceived general health status.
Results
In China, aged people with edentulism were concentrated in the poor. The CI was − 0.2337 (95% CIs: − 0.3503, − 0.1170). The EI was − 0.0413 (95% CIs: − 0.0619, − 0.0207). The decomposition results showed that income (75.02%) and oral health-related knowledge, attitude and practices (15.52%) were the main contributors to the inequality.
Conclusion
This study showed that pro-poor inequality among the elderly with edentulism existed in China. Corresponding policies against the contributors could be considered to promote the health equality of the elders.
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Kouanda B, Sattar Z, Geraghty P. Periodontal Diseases: Major Exacerbators of Pulmonary Diseases? Pulm Med 2021; 2021:4712406. [PMID: 34765263 PMCID: PMC8577952 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4712406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal diseases are a range of polymicrobial infectious disorders, such as gingivitis and periodontitis, which affect tooth-supporting tissues and are linked to playing a role in the exacerbation of several pulmonary diseases. Pulmonary diseases, such as pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, tuberculosis, COVID-19, and bronchiectasis, significantly contribute to poor quality of life and mortality. The association between periodontal disease and pulmonary outcomes is an important topic and requires further attention. Numerous resident microorganisms coexist in the oral cavity and lungs. However, changes in the normal microflora due to oral disease, old age, lifestyle habits, or dental intervention may contribute to altered aspiration of oral periodontopathic bacteria into the lungs and changing inflammatory responses. Equally, periodontal diseases are associated with the longitudinal decline in spirometry lung volume. Several studies suggest a possible beneficial effect of periodontal therapy in improving lung function with a decreased frequency of exacerbations and reduced risk of adverse respiratory events and morbidity. Here, we review the current literature outlining the link between the oral cavity and pulmonary outcomes and focus on the microflora of the oral cavity, environmental and genetic factors, and preexisting conditions that can impact oral and pulmonary outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bakey Kouanda
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Zeeshan Sattar
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Patrick Geraghty
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
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9
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Relationship of coronary heart disease and comorbide dental background. ACTA BIOMEDICA SCIENTIFICA 2021. [DOI: 10.29413/abs.2021-6.4.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease has serious economic and social consequences that affect people, health systems and societies around the world. Ischemic heart disease is one of the main global causes of death of the population, and its growth is predicted in the coming years. This fact continues to be of serious concern to health, social and economic services. Cardiovascular disease remains the most common cause of death, and age-standardized rates are higher for men than for women. Cardiovascular comorbidity increases significantly with age.The combination of ischemic heart disease and comorbid pathology is noted in cancer incidence, bronchial asthma, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, periodontal disease, etc. It is necessary to analyze the existing disease with past diseases, risk factors and predictors available in the patient. The presence of concomitant diseases quite often requires additional diagnostic methods and changes in the tactics of treating coronary heart disease due to the fact that some of them are a contraindication to the use of certain groups of drugs. Periodontal disease includes a wide range of inflammatory conditions that affect the supporting structures of the teeth, which can lead to tooth loss and contribute to systemic inflammation. Periodontal disease is associated with several systemic diseases, one of which is coronary artery disease. It is imperative that clinicians understand the link between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. Comprehensive treatment of periodontitis and restoration of a healthy periodontium can help reduce overall inflammation in the body and reduce the risks of coronary heart disease.
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Wadhawan A, Reynolds MA, Makkar H, Scott AJ, Potocki E, Hoisington AJ, Brenner LA, Dagdag A, Lowry CA, Dwivedi Y, Postolache TT. Periodontal Pathogens and Neuropsychiatric Health. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 20:1353-1397. [PMID: 31924157 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200110161105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence incriminates low-grade inflammation in cardiovascular, metabolic diseases, and neuropsychiatric clinical conditions, all important causes of morbidity and mortality. One of the upstream and modifiable precipitants and perpetrators of inflammation is chronic periodontitis, a polymicrobial infection with Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) playing a central role in the disease pathogenesis. We review the association between P. gingivalis and cardiovascular, metabolic, and neuropsychiatric illness, and the molecular mechanisms potentially implicated in immune upregulation as well as downregulation induced by the pathogen. In addition to inflammation, translocation of the pathogens to the coronary and peripheral arteries, including brain vasculature, and gut and liver vasculature has important pathophysiological consequences. Distant effects via translocation rely on virulence factors of P. gingivalis such as gingipains, on its synergistic interactions with other pathogens, and on its capability to manipulate the immune system via several mechanisms, including its capacity to induce production of immune-downregulating micro-RNAs. Possible targets for intervention and drug development to manage distal consequences of infection with P. gingivalis are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Wadhawan
- Mood and Anxiety Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Saint Elizabeths Hospital, Washington, D.C. 20032, United States
| | - Mark A Reynolds
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore 21201, United States
| | - Hina Makkar
- Mood and Anxiety Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Alison J Scott
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, United States
| | - Eileen Potocki
- VA Maryland Healthcare System, Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, United States
| | - Andrew J Hoisington
- Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, United States
| | - Lisa A Brenner
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States.,Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN) 19, Aurora, United States.,Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, United States
| | - Aline Dagdag
- Mood and Anxiety Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Christopher A Lowry
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States.,Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN) 19, Aurora, United States.,Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, United States.,Department of Integrative Physiology, Center for Neuroscience and Center for Microbial Exploration, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, United States.,Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center (RMRVAMC), Aurora, United States
| | - Yogesh Dwivedi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Teodor T Postolache
- Mood and Anxiety Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States.,Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN) 19, Aurora, United States.,Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, United States.,Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN) 5, VA Capitol Health Care Network, Baltimore, United States
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11
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Pietropaoli D, Monaco A, D'Aiuto F, Muñoz Aguilera E, Ortu E, Giannoni M, Czesnikiewicz-Guzik M, Guzik TJ, Ferri C, Del Pinto R. Active gingival inflammation is linked to hypertension. J Hypertens 2020; 38:2018-2027. [PMID: 32890278 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000002514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) including hypertension, are characterized by underlying systemic inflammation. Periodontitis, which can impact the systemic inflammatory burden has recently been linked to high blood pressure (BP). However, the relationship of gingival bleeding, as an easily accessible marker of periodontal disorder, with hypertension, remains unclear. METHODS Survey-based propensity score matching (PSM) incorporating major confounders shared between hypertension and periodontal diseases was applied to cross-sectional NHANES III data from 5396 adults at least 30 years old who underwent BP measurement and periodontal examination, identifying two matched groups with and without gingival bleeding. The association of bleeding gums with SBP (mmHg) and high/uncontrolled BP was then assessed with generalized additive models incorporating inflammatory markers. Stratification by periodontal status (healthy; gingivitis; stable periodontitis; unstable periodontitis) was performed. Variables importance was estimated using machine learning. RESULTS Gingival bleeding (gingivitis; unstable periodontitis) was independently associated with +2.6 mmHg (P < 0.001) SBP compared with no bleeding (healthy periodontium; stable periodontitis), and with greater odds (OR = 1.42; 95% CI = 1.19-1.68; P < 0.001) of high/uncontrolled BP. Participants with unstable periodontitis had higher SBP than those with stable periodontitis (+2.1 mmHg; P < 0.001) or gingivitis (+5.3 mmHg; P < 0.001). Unstable periodontitis and gingivitis were consistently associated with increased risk of high/uncontrolled BP (OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 2.14-1.82; OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.22-1.82, respectively). Inflammatory markers allowed a maximum of 12% gain in the models' predictive power. CONCLUSION Gingival bleeding contributes to shaping the relationship between periodontal diseases and BP, but the burden represented by periodontitis is also crucial. Periodontal evaluation might be of importance in difficult to control hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Pietropaoli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, San Salvatore Hospital, University of L'Aquila - Dental Clinic - Unit of Oral Diseases, Prevention and Translational Research - Oral DISeases and SYstemic interactions study group (ODISSY group), L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Annalisa Monaco
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, San Salvatore Hospital, University of L'Aquila - Dental Clinic - Unit of Oral Diseases, Prevention and Translational Research - Oral DISeases and SYstemic interactions study group (ODISSY group), L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesco D'Aiuto
- Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute and Hospital, University College London, London
| | - Eva Muñoz Aguilera
- Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute and Hospital, University College London, London
| | - Eleonora Ortu
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, San Salvatore Hospital, University of L'Aquila - Dental Clinic - Unit of Oral Diseases, Prevention and Translational Research - Oral DISeases and SYstemic interactions study group (ODISSY group), L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Mario Giannoni
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, San Salvatore Hospital, University of L'Aquila - Dental Clinic - Unit of Oral Diseases, Prevention and Translational Research - Oral DISeases and SYstemic interactions study group (ODISSY group), L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Marta Czesnikiewicz-Guzik
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Sciences Research Group, University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Dental Prophylaxis and Experimental Dentistry, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Krakow, Poland
| | - Claudio Ferri
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, San Salvatore Hospital, University of L'Aquila - Unit of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Center for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Prevention - Oral DISeases and SYstemic interactions study group (ODISSY group), L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Rita Del Pinto
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, San Salvatore Hospital, University of L'Aquila - Unit of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Center for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Prevention - Oral DISeases and SYstemic interactions study group (ODISSY group), L'Aquila, Italy
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12
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Bilgin Çetin M, Önder C, Orhan K, Kumbasar D, Serdar MA, Ünsal E. Relationship of periodontitis and edentulism to angiographically diagnosed coronary artery disease: A cross-sectional study. J Periodontal Res 2020; 55:895-904. [PMID: 32648271 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the study is to examine the connection between oral status and the extent of coronary artery disease (CAD), which is diagnosed by angiography. BACKGROUND Periodontitis and tooth loss have been linked to atherosclerosis and CAD in previous studies. However, no distinct connection was revealed due to the diversity of the results and the variety of diagnostic methods. To provide a more consistent data pool and stronger evidence, there is a need for studies with standard measurements and diagnostic criteria. METHODS 309 patients, who consulted to Ankara University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology and had coronary angiography, were enrolled to this study. Individuals were grouped based on their coronary angiography results, as CAD (+) (n = 233) and CAD (-) (n = 76). Studied parameters included cardiovascular risk factors, plaque index (PI), remaining teeth count, bleeding on probing (BOP), and probing pocket depth (PPD). Periapical radiographs were taken from teeth with ≥4 mm PPD. Oral status was categorized as periodontally healthy subjects/patients with gingivitis (Group 1), patients with periodontitis (Group 2), and edentulous subjects (Group 3). RESULTS PI (P < 0.001), PPD (P = 0.001), BOP (P = 0.004), the number of patients with less than 10 teeth (P = 0.014), and edentulism (P = 0.009) were significantly higher in CAD (+) patients, who were mostly older (P < 0.001) and male (P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that Group 2 (odds ratio = 2.48, 95% confidence interval = 1.24-4.95, P = 0.010) and Group 3 (odds ratio = 2.01, 95% confidence interval = 1.14-5.17, P = 0.040) were highly associated with CAD. Two and three stenosed vessels were significantly higher in Groups 2 and 3 compared to Group 1 (P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS It was found that both edentulism and periodontitis were related to CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehtap Bilgin Çetin
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Canan Önder
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kaan Orhan
- Department of Dento Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deniz Kumbasar
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Elif Ünsal
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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13
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Number of remaining teeth and health-related quality of life: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010-2012. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2019; 17:5. [PMID: 30626402 PMCID: PMC6327472 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-019-1078-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives/aims With the Euro-Qol-5 dimension (EQ-5D) system, we investigated the relationship between the number of remaining teeth and QoL using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), 2010–2012. A total of 17,417 participants, more than 19 years old, were finally included in this study (men = 7394 and women = 10,023). Through this study, we have discovered that the remaining teeth affect overall health and that the fewer number of them may indicate a lower quality of life, as well. The quality of life according to the number of remaining teeth was assessed among Koreans using the Euro-Qol-5 dimension (EQ-5D) system. Method The Euro-Qol-5 dimension (EQ-5D) system was used to measure the health-related QoL. Its five dimensions included mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. The respondents were asked to choose one of the followings: G 1, no problems; G 2, some problems; and G 3, problematic, to best describe their health status for the five dimensions. Then, we assigned low QoL to G2 + G3 and high QoL to G1. We used age, gender, economic income, educational level, residence, and marital status for the demographic variables and, drinking, smoking, exercise, BMI, and metabolic syndrome for health behaviors. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) for the high QoL (G1) on the five categories of EQ-5D according to the number of remaining teeth. On the basis of the 0–15 remaining teeth group, we drew a comparison of the QoL between the 16–20 and 21–28 remaining teeth groups. Results Subjects with 21–28 remaining teeth had higher QoL scores and had higher ORs of high QoL, especially for mobility (OR = 1.256, 95% CI = 1.056–1.495), self-care (OR = 1.441, 95% CI = 1.096–1.894), and usual activities (OR = 1.241, 95% CI = 1.022–1.508, respectively), than those with 0–15 remaining teeth after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, drinking, exercise, income, education, and metabolic syndrome. ORs from the high QoL had the tendency to increase as the number of remaining teeth increased (all p for trend < 0.05). However, there was no relationship between the number of remaining teeth and QoL in the pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression dimensions. Conclusion The number of remaining teeth was associated with QoL, and subjects who had more teeth obtained higher QoL scores. The subjects in the high QoL group were especially associated with the components of EQ-5D such as mobility, self-care, and daily living.
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Makkar H, Reynolds MA, Wadhawan A, Dagdag A, Merchant AT, Postolache TT. Periodontal, metabolic, and cardiovascular disease: Exploring the role of inflammation and mental health. Pteridines 2018; 29:124-163. [PMID: 30705520 PMCID: PMC6350811 DOI: 10.1515/pteridines-2018-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous evidence connects periodontal disease, a modifiable condition affecting a majority of Americans, with metabolic and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This review focuses on the likely mediation of these associations by immune activation and their potential interactions with mental illness. Future longitudinal, and ideally interventional studies, should focus on reciprocal interactions and cascading effects, as well as points for effective preventative and therapeutic interventions across diagnostic domains to reduce morbidity, mortality and improve quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Makkar
- Mood and Anxiety Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Mark A Reynolds
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Abhishek Wadhawan
- Mood and Anxiety Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Aline Dagdag
- Mood and Anxiety Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Anwar T Merchant
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Teodor T Postolache
- Mood and Anxiety Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN) 19, Military and Veteran Microbiome Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Denver, CO 80220, USA; Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN) 5, VA Capitol Health Care Network, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA,
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15
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Chen TT, D'Aiuto F, Yeh YC, Lai MS, Chien KL, Tu YK. Risk of Myocardial Infarction and Ischemic Stroke after Dental Treatments. J Dent Res 2018; 98:157-163. [PMID: 30359555 DOI: 10.1177/0022034518805745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between invasive dental treatments (IDTs) and a short-term risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic stroke (IS) remains controversial. Bacterial dissemination from the oral cavity and systemic inflammation linked to IDT can induce a state of acute vascular dysfunction. The aim of study is to investigate the relation of IDTs to MI and IS by using case-only study designs to analyze data from a large Taiwanese cohort. A nationwide population-based study was undertaken by using the case-crossover and self-controlled case series design to analyze the Taiwanese National Health Care Claim database. Conditional logistic regression model and conditional Poisson regression model were used to estimate the risks of MI/IS. In addition, we used burn patients as negative controls to explore the potential effect of residual confounding. In total, 123,819 MI patients and 327,179 IS patients in the case-crossover design and 117,655 MI patients and 298,757 IS patients were included in the self-controlled case series design. Results from both study designs showed that the risk of MI within the first 24 wk after IDT was not significantly different from or close to unity except for a modest risk during the first week for patients without other comorbidities (odds ratios [95% confidence intervals] of 1.31 [1.08-1.58] and 1.15 [1.01-1.31] for 3 d and 7 d, respectively). We also observed no association between IDTs and IS, or the risk ratio was close to unity. IDTs did not appear to be associated with a transient risk of MI and IS in the Taiwanese population, with consistent findings from both case-only study designs. However, we cannot exclude that dental infections and diseases may yield a long-term risk of MI and IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- T T Chen
- 1 Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei
| | - F D'Aiuto
- 2 Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Y C Yeh
- 3 Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei
| | - M S Lai
- 1 Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei
| | - K L Chien
- 1 Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei.,4 Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei
| | - Y K Tu
- 1 Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei.,3 Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei.,5 Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital and School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei
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16
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Azogui-Lévy S, Dray-Spira R, Attal S, Hartemann A, Anagnostou F, Azerad J. Factors associated with oral health-related quality of life in patients with diabetes. Aust Dent J 2018; 63:163-169. [DOI: 10.1111/adj.12577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Azogui-Lévy
- Department of Oral Public Health; Denis-Diderot University - Paris 07; Paris France
- Department of Odontology; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP); Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; Paris France
| | - R Dray-Spira
- Pierre Louis Institut - Epidemiology and Public Health (IPLESP); Inserm-Pierre et Marie Curie University - Paris 06; Paris France
| | - S Attal
- Department of Oral Public Health; Denis-Diderot University - Paris 07; Paris France
- Department of Odontology; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP); Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; Paris France
| | - A Hartemann
- Endocrinology, Nutrition and Diabetes Department; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP); Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; Paris France
- Pierre et Marie Curie University - Paris 06; Paris France
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition; Paris France
| | - F Anagnostou
- Department of Odontology; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP); Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; Paris France
- Department of Periodontology; Denis-Diderot University - Paris 07; Paris France
| | - J Azerad
- Department of Odontology; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP); Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; Paris France
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Olofsson H, Ulander EL, Gustafson Y, Hörnsten C. Association between socioeconomic and health factors and edentulism in people aged 65 and older – a population-based survey. Scand J Public Health 2017; 46:690-698. [DOI: 10.1177/1403494817717406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Aims: To study edentulism and use of dental services in a population-based sample of people aged 65 years and older from northern Sweden and western Finland. Methods: In 2010, people aged 65, 70, 75 and 80 years who were living in one of 32 municipalities in northern Sweden and western Finland were invited to answer a questionnaire as part of the Gerontological Regional Database (GERDA) study ( n = 6099). The questionnaire contained items related to socioeconomic status, general health and edentulism. Results: The prevalence of edentulism was 34.9% in Finland, compared with 20.6% in Sweden ( p < 0.001), 31.9% in rural areas, compared with 20.9% in urban areas ( p < 0.001), and 25% overall. The prevalence of edentulism rose from 17.8% in 65-year-olds, 23.8% in 70-year-olds, 33.5% in 75-year-olds and 37.3% in 80-year-olds ( p < 0.001), and was 23.8% in women, compared with 27% in men ( p < 0.001). In multivariate models, edentulism was associated with lower educational level (odds ratio (OR) 2.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.31–3.58), low income level (OR 1.7, CI 1.09–1.47), residence in a rural area (OR 1.43, CI 1.23–1.66), male sex (OR 1.30, CI 1.12–1.52), dependence in instrumental activities of daily living (OR 1.48, CI 1.25–1.74), social isolation (OR 1.52, CI 1.17–1.98) and poor self-experienced health (OR 1.38, CI 1.17–1.62). Conclusions: One-quarter of the total sample was edentulous, with a higher prevalence of edentulism in Finland than in Sweden and in rural than in urban areas. Edentulism was associated with socioeconomic, psychological and health-related factors. These findings could be used to inform preventive measures and identify people aged 65 years and older who are in need of oral care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Olofsson
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Eva Lena Ulander
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Yngve Gustafson
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Carl Hörnsten
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine, Umeå University, Sweden
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Review. The Link between Periodontal Disease, Inflammation and Atherosclerosis — an Interdisciplinary Approach. JOURNAL OF INTERDISCIPLINARY MEDICINE 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/jim-2017-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease that results from the activity of altered oral microbiome, leading to altered immune reaction, destruction of tissues supporting the teeth, and oral bone loss. This disease is particularly associated with an expressed systemic inflammation, being considered nowadays an inflammatory disorder. At the same time, inflammation has been recognized to play a major role in the development of atherosclerotic lesions. Atheromatous plaque formation is triggered by alterations in the structure of the endothelium, which lead to the expression of adhesion molecules and recruitment of immune cells such as macrophages, in the arterial wall. While the association between periodontal disease, inflammation and cardiovascular diseases has been well established, the causality relation between these three entities has not been demonstrated so far. This review presents the most common advances in understanding the complex link between periodontal disease, inflammation and atherosclerosis, as a common pathway leading to increased cardiovascular risk.
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Osmenda G, Maciąg J, Wilk G, Maciąg A, Nowakowski D, Loster J, Dembowska E, Robertson D, Guzik T, Cześnikiewicz-Guzik M. Treatment of denture-related stomatitis improves endothelial function assessed by flow-mediated vascular dilation. Arch Med Sci 2017; 13:66-74. [PMID: 28144257 PMCID: PMC5206372 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2017.64715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The presence of oral inflammation has recently been linked with the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. While numerous studies have described links between periodontitis and endothelial dysfunction, little is known about the influence of denture-related stomatitis (DRS) on cardiovascular risk. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether the treatment of DRS can lead to improvement of the clinical measures of vascular dysfunction. MATERIAL AND METHODS The DRS patients were treated with a local oral antifungal agent for 3 weeks. Blood pressure, flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and nitroglycerine-mediated vascular dilatation (NMD) were measured during three study visits: before treatment, one day and two months after conclusion of antifungal therapy. RESULTS Flow-mediated dilatation measurements showed significant improvement of endothelial function 2 months after treatment (FMD median 5%, 95 CI: 3-8.3 vs. 11%, 95% CI: 8.8-14.4; p < 0.01), while there was no difference in control, endothelium-independent vasorelaxations (NMD; median = 15.3%, 95% CI: 10.8-19.3 vs. 12.7%, 95% CI: 10.6-15; p = 0.3). Other cardiovascular parameters such as systolic (median = 125 mm Hg; 95% CI: 116-129 vs. 120 mm Hg, 95% CI: 116-126; p = 0.1) as well as diastolic blood pressure and heart rate (median = 65.5 bpm, 95% CI: 56.7-77.7 vs. 71 bpm, 95% CI: 66.7-75; p = 0.5) did not change during or after the treatment. CONCLUSIONS Treatment of DRS is associated with improvement of endothelial function. Since endothelial dysfunction is known to precede the development of severe cardiovascular disorders such as atherosclerosis and hypertension, patients should be more carefully screened for DRS in general dental practice, and immediate DRS treatment should be advised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Osmenda
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Maciąg
- Department of Dental Prophylaxis and Experimental Dentistry, Dental School, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Wilk
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Maciąg
- Zbigniew Żak Voivodeship Dental Clinic, Krakow, Poland
| | - Daniel Nowakowski
- Department of Dental Prophylaxis and Experimental Dentistry, Dental School, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jolanta Loster
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Dembowska
- Department of Periodontology, Dental School, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Douglas Robertson
- Oral Sciences Research Group, Glasgow Dental School, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Tomasz Guzik
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Krakow, Poland
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Marta Cześnikiewicz-Guzik
- Department of Dental Prophylaxis and Experimental Dentistry, Dental School, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
- Oral Sciences Research Group, Glasgow Dental School, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Xu S, Song M, Xiong Y, Liu X, He Y, Qin Z. The association between periodontal disease and the risk of myocardial infarction: a pooled analysis of observational studies. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2017; 17:50. [PMID: 28143450 PMCID: PMC5286862 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-017-0480-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Several meta-analyses have indicated that periodontal disease (PD) are related to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the association between PD and myocardial infarction (MI) remains controversial. Here we aimed to assess the association between PD and MI by meta-analysis of observational studies. Methods PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library were searched through July, 2016. Observational studies including cohort, cross-sectional and case–control studies reporting odds ratio (OR) or relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were included in the analysis. Either fixed or random-effects model were applied to evaluate the pooled risk estimates. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were also carried out to identify the sources of heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed by the Begg’s, Egger’s test and funnel plot. Results We included 22 observational studies with 4 cohort, 6 cross-sectional and 12 case–control studies, including 129,630 participants. Patients with PD have increased risk of MI (OR 2.02; 95% CI 1.59-2.57). Substantial heterogeneity in risk estimates was revealed. Subgroup analyses showed that the higher risk of MI in PD patients exists in both cross-sectional studies (OR 1.71; 95% CI 1.07-2.73) and case–control studies (OR 2.93; 95% CI 1.95-4.39), and marginally in cohort studies (OR 1.18; 95% CI 0.98-1.42). Further, subgroup meta-analyses by location, PD exposure, participant number, and study quality showed that PD was significantly associated with elevated risk of MI. Conclusion Our meta-analysis suggested that PD is associated with increased risk of future MI. However, the causative relation between PD and MI remains not established based on the pooled estimates from observational studies and more studies are warranted. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12872-017-0480-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 400037, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingbao Song
- Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 183 Xinqiaozhengjie St., Shapingba District, 400037, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Xiong
- Department of Stomatology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 400038, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 183 Xinqiaozhengjie St., Shapingba District, 400037, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongming He
- Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 183 Xinqiaozhengjie St., Shapingba District, 400037, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhexue Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 183 Xinqiaozhengjie St., Shapingba District, 400037, Chongqing, China.
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Association entre les affections buccodentaires et le cancer colorectal : une revue et synthèse de la littérature. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2016; 64:113-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Rydén L, Buhlin K, Ekstrand E, de Faire U, Gustafsson A, Holmer J, Kjellström B, Lindahl B, Norhammar A, Nygren Å, Näsman P, Rathnayake N, Svenungsson E, Klinge B. Periodontitis Increases the Risk of a First Myocardial Infarction: A Report From the PAROKRANK Study. Circulation 2016; 133:576-83. [PMID: 26762521 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.115.020324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between periodontitis (PD) and cardiovascular disease is debated. PD is common in patients with cardiovascular disease. It has been postulated that PD could be causally related to the risk for cardiovascular disease, a hypothesis tested in the Periodontitis and Its Relation to Coronary Artery Disease (PAROKRANK) study. METHODS AND RESULTS Eight hundred five patients (<75 years of age) with a first myocardial infarction (MI) and 805 age- (mean 62±8), sex- (male 81%), and area-matched controls without MI underwent standardized dental examination including panoramic x-ray. The periodontal status was defined as healthy (≥80% remaining bone) or as mild-moderate (from 79% to 66%) or severe PD (<66%). Great efforts were made to collect information on possibly related confounders (≈100 variables). Statistical comparisons included the Student pairwise t test and the McNemar test in 2×2 contingency tables. Contingency tables exceeding 2×2 with ranked alternatives were tested by Wilcoxon signed rank test. Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) were calculated by conditional logistic regression. PD was more common (43%) in patients than in controls (33%; P<0.001). There was an increased risk for MI among those with PD (odds ratio, 1.49; 95% confidence interval, 1.21-1.83), which remained significant (odds ratio, 1.28; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.60) after adjusting for variables that differed between patients and controls (smoking habits, diabetes mellitus, years of education, and marital status). CONCLUSIONS In this large case-control study of PD, verified by radiographic bone loss and with a careful consideration of potential confounders, the risk of a first MI was significantly increased in patients with PD even after adjustment for confounding factors. These findings strengthen the possibility of an independent relationship between PD and MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Rydén
- From Departments of Medicine K2 (L.R., U.d.F., B.K., A.N., E.S.), Dental Medicine (K.B., E.E., A.G., J.H., N.R., B.K.), and Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology IMM (U.d.F.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (B.L.); Department of Clinical Sciences Danderyd, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (Å.N.); Center for Safety Research, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (P.N.); and Faculty of Odontology, Department of Periodontology, Malmö University, Sweden (B.K.).
| | - Kåre Buhlin
- From Departments of Medicine K2 (L.R., U.d.F., B.K., A.N., E.S.), Dental Medicine (K.B., E.E., A.G., J.H., N.R., B.K.), and Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology IMM (U.d.F.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (B.L.); Department of Clinical Sciences Danderyd, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (Å.N.); Center for Safety Research, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (P.N.); and Faculty of Odontology, Department of Periodontology, Malmö University, Sweden (B.K.)
| | - Eva Ekstrand
- From Departments of Medicine K2 (L.R., U.d.F., B.K., A.N., E.S.), Dental Medicine (K.B., E.E., A.G., J.H., N.R., B.K.), and Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology IMM (U.d.F.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (B.L.); Department of Clinical Sciences Danderyd, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (Å.N.); Center for Safety Research, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (P.N.); and Faculty of Odontology, Department of Periodontology, Malmö University, Sweden (B.K.)
| | - Ulf de Faire
- From Departments of Medicine K2 (L.R., U.d.F., B.K., A.N., E.S.), Dental Medicine (K.B., E.E., A.G., J.H., N.R., B.K.), and Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology IMM (U.d.F.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (B.L.); Department of Clinical Sciences Danderyd, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (Å.N.); Center for Safety Research, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (P.N.); and Faculty of Odontology, Department of Periodontology, Malmö University, Sweden (B.K.)
| | - Anders Gustafsson
- From Departments of Medicine K2 (L.R., U.d.F., B.K., A.N., E.S.), Dental Medicine (K.B., E.E., A.G., J.H., N.R., B.K.), and Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology IMM (U.d.F.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (B.L.); Department of Clinical Sciences Danderyd, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (Å.N.); Center for Safety Research, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (P.N.); and Faculty of Odontology, Department of Periodontology, Malmö University, Sweden (B.K.)
| | - Jacob Holmer
- From Departments of Medicine K2 (L.R., U.d.F., B.K., A.N., E.S.), Dental Medicine (K.B., E.E., A.G., J.H., N.R., B.K.), and Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology IMM (U.d.F.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (B.L.); Department of Clinical Sciences Danderyd, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (Å.N.); Center for Safety Research, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (P.N.); and Faculty of Odontology, Department of Periodontology, Malmö University, Sweden (B.K.)
| | - Barbro Kjellström
- From Departments of Medicine K2 (L.R., U.d.F., B.K., A.N., E.S.), Dental Medicine (K.B., E.E., A.G., J.H., N.R., B.K.), and Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology IMM (U.d.F.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (B.L.); Department of Clinical Sciences Danderyd, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (Å.N.); Center for Safety Research, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (P.N.); and Faculty of Odontology, Department of Periodontology, Malmö University, Sweden (B.K.)
| | - Bertil Lindahl
- From Departments of Medicine K2 (L.R., U.d.F., B.K., A.N., E.S.), Dental Medicine (K.B., E.E., A.G., J.H., N.R., B.K.), and Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology IMM (U.d.F.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (B.L.); Department of Clinical Sciences Danderyd, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (Å.N.); Center for Safety Research, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (P.N.); and Faculty of Odontology, Department of Periodontology, Malmö University, Sweden (B.K.)
| | - Anna Norhammar
- From Departments of Medicine K2 (L.R., U.d.F., B.K., A.N., E.S.), Dental Medicine (K.B., E.E., A.G., J.H., N.R., B.K.), and Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology IMM (U.d.F.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (B.L.); Department of Clinical Sciences Danderyd, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (Å.N.); Center for Safety Research, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (P.N.); and Faculty of Odontology, Department of Periodontology, Malmö University, Sweden (B.K.)
| | - Åke Nygren
- From Departments of Medicine K2 (L.R., U.d.F., B.K., A.N., E.S.), Dental Medicine (K.B., E.E., A.G., J.H., N.R., B.K.), and Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology IMM (U.d.F.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (B.L.); Department of Clinical Sciences Danderyd, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (Å.N.); Center for Safety Research, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (P.N.); and Faculty of Odontology, Department of Periodontology, Malmö University, Sweden (B.K.)
| | - Per Näsman
- From Departments of Medicine K2 (L.R., U.d.F., B.K., A.N., E.S.), Dental Medicine (K.B., E.E., A.G., J.H., N.R., B.K.), and Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology IMM (U.d.F.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (B.L.); Department of Clinical Sciences Danderyd, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (Å.N.); Center for Safety Research, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (P.N.); and Faculty of Odontology, Department of Periodontology, Malmö University, Sweden (B.K.)
| | - Nilminie Rathnayake
- From Departments of Medicine K2 (L.R., U.d.F., B.K., A.N., E.S.), Dental Medicine (K.B., E.E., A.G., J.H., N.R., B.K.), and Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology IMM (U.d.F.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (B.L.); Department of Clinical Sciences Danderyd, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (Å.N.); Center for Safety Research, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (P.N.); and Faculty of Odontology, Department of Periodontology, Malmö University, Sweden (B.K.)
| | - Elisabet Svenungsson
- From Departments of Medicine K2 (L.R., U.d.F., B.K., A.N., E.S.), Dental Medicine (K.B., E.E., A.G., J.H., N.R., B.K.), and Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology IMM (U.d.F.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (B.L.); Department of Clinical Sciences Danderyd, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (Å.N.); Center for Safety Research, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (P.N.); and Faculty of Odontology, Department of Periodontology, Malmö University, Sweden (B.K.)
| | - Björn Klinge
- From Departments of Medicine K2 (L.R., U.d.F., B.K., A.N., E.S.), Dental Medicine (K.B., E.E., A.G., J.H., N.R., B.K.), and Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology IMM (U.d.F.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (B.L.); Department of Clinical Sciences Danderyd, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (Å.N.); Center for Safety Research, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (P.N.); and Faculty of Odontology, Department of Periodontology, Malmö University, Sweden (B.K.)
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Cotti E, Mercuro G. Apical periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases: previous findings and ongoing research. Int Endod J 2015; 48:926-32. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Cotti
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics; University of Cagliari; Sardinia Italy
| | - G. Mercuro
- Department of Medical Sciences; University of Cagliari; Sardinia Italy
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The Two-Way Association of Periodontal Infection with Systemic Disorders: An Overview. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:793898. [PMID: 26339142 PMCID: PMC4539125 DOI: 10.1155/2015/793898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral cavity that harbors diverse bacterial populations could also act as a site of origin for spread of pathogenic microorganisms to different body sites, particularly in immunocompromised hosts, patients, the elderly, or the underprivileged. A number of recent publications have advocated that patients with periodontal diseases are more susceptible to metabolic endotoxemia, inflammation, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and other related systemic complications, concluding that periodontal diseases could be a potential contributing risk factor for a wide array of clinically important systemic diseases. However, despite a significant increase in the prevalence of periodontal infections and systemic diseases in the past few decades, the fundamental biological mechanisms of connection between these ailments are still not fully explicated. Consequently, the mechanisms by which this bidirectional damage occurs are being explored with a concentric vision to develop strategies that could prevent or control the complications of these ailments. This paper attempts to summarize and hypothesize the diverse mechanisms that hint to a certain connection between the two prevalent chronic situations.
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Diouf M, Basse A, Ndiaye M, Cisse D, Lo CM, Faye D. Stroke and periodontal disease in Senegal: case-control study. Public Health 2015; 129:1669-73. [PMID: 25869534 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2015.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the periodontal factors associated with stroke in melanodermic subjects in Senegal. STUDY DESIGN Case-control study. METHODS One hundred and twenty cases and 120 controls were included in this study. Cases had been diagnosed with stroke by a neurologist, with the diagnosis confirmed by scanner. Controls had never had any type of stroke. Data were collected regarding sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviours, general history, type of stroke (ischaemic or haemorrhagic) and periodontal parameters [plaque index, papillary bleeding index, pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs and periodontitis (defined by clinical attachment loss >2 mm and pocket depth >3 mm)]. Logistic regression analysis was performed using R software to isolate a final model after adjustment for the 5% threshold. RESULTS All periodontal characteristics were more common among cases than among controls. Periodontitis (odds ratio 1.58, 95% confidence interval 1.1-3.022) and periodontal parameters were significantly associated with stroke, adjusted for hypertension, sedentary lifestyle, and the interaction between periodontitis and age. CONCLUSIONS Periodontal disease is associated with stroke in the Senegalese population. Prospective longitudinal studies should be undertaken to improve understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Basse
- Neurology Department, Dakar, Senegal
| | - M Ndiaye
- Neurology Department, Dakar, Senegal
| | - D Cisse
- Medicine Pharmacy and Dentistry Faculty, Dakar, Senegal
| | - C M Lo
- Medicine Pharmacy and Dentistry Faculty, Dakar, Senegal
| | - D Faye
- Medicine Pharmacy and Dentistry Faculty, Dakar, Senegal
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26
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Grudyanov AI, Tkacheva ON, Avraamova TV, Khvatova NT. [The relationship between inflammatory periodontal diseases and cardiovascular diseases]. STOMATOLOGIIA 2015; 94:50-55. [PMID: 26331175 DOI: 10.17116/stomat201594350-55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Estimated the relationship between inflammatory periodontal diseases and the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Installed combined effect of periodontitis and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Grudyanov
- Central Research Institute of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow
| | - O N Tkacheva
- State Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow
| | - T V Avraamova
- Central Research Institute of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow; State Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow
| | - N T Khvatova
- State Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow
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27
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Denture-related stomatitis is associated with endothelial dysfunction. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:474016. [PMID: 25045683 PMCID: PMC4090512 DOI: 10.1155/2014/474016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Oral inflammation, such as periodontitis, can lead to endothelial dysfunction, accelerated atherosclerosis, and vascular dysfunction. The relationship between vascular dysfunction and other common forms of oral infections such as denture-related stomatitis (DRS) is unknown. Similar risk factors predispose to both conditions including smoking, diabetes, age, and obesity. Accordingly, we aimed to investigate endothelial function and major vascular disease risk factors in 44 consecutive patients with dentures with clinical and microbiological features of DRS (n = 20) and without DRS (n = 24). While there was a tendency for higher occurrence of diabetes and smoking, groups did not differ significantly in respect to major vascular disease risk factors. Groups did not differ in main ambulatory blood pressure, total cholesterol, or even CRP. Importantly, flow mediated dilatation (FMD) was significantly lower in DRS than in non-DRS subjects, while nitroglycerin induced vasorelaxation (NMD) or intima-media thickness (IMT) was similar. Interestingly, while triglyceride levels were normal in both groups, they were higher in DRS subjects, although they did not correlate with either FMD or NMD. Conclusions. Denture related stomatitis is associated with endothelial dysfunction in elderly patients with dentures. This is in part related to the fact that diabetes and smoking increase risk of both DRS and cardiovascular disease.
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Wahid A, Chaudhry S, Ehsan A, Butt S, Ali Khan A. Bidirectional Relationship between Chronic Kidney Disease & Periodontal Disease. Pak J Med Sci 2014; 29:211-5. [PMID: 24353542 PMCID: PMC3809193 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.291.2926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Revised: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non communicable diseases (NCDs) affect the life of an individual in terms of mortality, morbidity and financial crises. Main NCDs are diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiovascular diseases (CVD), pulmonary diseases, osteoporosis and chronic kidney diseases (CKD). About 40% of the total deaths can be controlled by eliminating the risk factors for NCDs. Periodontitis have recently been labeled as an important potential risk factor for NCDs. CKD affect the oral health status of patients by inducing gingival hyperplasia, xerostomia, calcification of root canals and delayed eruption of teeth. Periodontitis increases systemic inflammatory burden leading to worsening of CKD which in turn has been has been found to negatively affect CKD of patients on hemodialysis therapy by altering their serum albumin and C-reactive protein levels. As hypoalbuminemia leads to increased mortality in CKD patients, it needs to be avoided by reducing systemic inflammatory burden in patients receiving HD therapy. Treating periodontal disease could be one factor that might decrease the systemic inflammatory burden and thereby improve quality of life of these patients. Sources of Data: Data from descriptive, cross sectional and longitudinal studies published between 2000 and 2012 were included. Data searches based on human studies only. Data Extraction: The key words, periodontitis, chronic kidney disease and hemodialysis, on MEDLINE, approximately 120 studies were identified. 35 of them were relevant to all three keywords. Most of them were cross sectional studies and total 7 clinical trials were identified regarding checking of serum levels after periodontal therapy with variable results. Conclusion: Patients with CKD have higher prevalence of periodontal disease while non-surgical periodontal therapy has been indicated to decrease the systemic inflammatory burden in patients with CKD specially those undergoing HD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arsalan Wahid
- Arsalan Wahid, M. Phil Scholar, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Shaikh Zayed Medical Complex, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saima Chaudhry
- Saima Chaudhry, PhD, Lecturer (Oral Pathology),Department of Oral Health Sciences, Shaikh Zayed Medical Complex, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Afifa Ehsan
- Afifa Ehsan, M. Phil Scholar, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Shaikh Zayed Medical Complex, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Butt
- Sidra Butt, M. Phil Scholar, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Shaikh Zayed Medical Complex, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ayyaz Ali Khan
- Ayyaz Ali Khan, PhD, Head (Community Dentistry), Department of Oral Health Sciences, Shaikh Zayed Medical Complex, Lahore, Pakistan
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Archana V, Ambili R, Nisha KJ, Seba A, Preeja C. Acute-phase reactants in periodontal disease: Current concepts and future implications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 6:108-17. [DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vilasan Archana
- Department of Periodontics; PMS College of Dental Science and Research; Thiruvananthapuram India
| | - Ranjith Ambili
- Department of Periodontics; PMS College of Dental Science and Research; Thiruvananthapuram India
| | | | - Abraham Seba
- Department of Periodontics; PMS College of Dental Science and Research; Thiruvananthapuram India
| | - Chandran Preeja
- Department of Periodontics; PMS College of Dental Science and Research; Thiruvananthapuram India
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The relationship between metabolic conditions and prevalence of periodontal disease in rural Korean elderly. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2014; 58:125-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2013.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Palm F, Lahdentausta L, Sorsa T, Tervahartiala T, Gokel P, Buggle F, Safer A, Becher H, Grau AJ, Pussinen P. Biomarkers of periodontitis and inflammation in ischemic stroke: A case-control study. Innate Immun 2013; 20:511-8. [PMID: 24045341 DOI: 10.1177/1753425913501214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a common infectious disease associated with increased risk for ischemic stroke though presently unclear mechanisms. In a case-control study, we investigated salivary levels of four periodontal pathogens, as well as systemic and local inflammatory markers. The population comprised 98 patients with acute ischemic stroke (mean ± SD, 68.2 ± 9.7 yrs; 45.9% women) and 100 healthy controls (69.1 ± 5.2 yrs; 47.0% women). Patients were more often edentulous and had fewer teeth than controls (13.8 ± 10.8 versus 16.6 ± 10.1). After adjusting for stroke risk factors and number of teeth, controls had higher saliva matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), myeloperoxidase (MPO), IL-1β, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and serum LPS activity levels. Patients had higher serum MMP-8 and MPO, and they were more often qPCR-positive for A. actinomycetemcomitans (37.9% versus 19.0%) and for ≥3 periodontopathic species combined (50.0% versus 33.0%). We conclude that controls more often had evidence of current periodontal infection with higher periodontal pathogen amount, endotoxemia, local inflammation and tissue destruction. Stroke patients more often had evidence of end-stage periodontitis with edentulism and missing teeth. They were more often carriers of several periodontopathic pathogens in saliva, especially A. actinomycetemcomitans. Additionally, inflammatory burden may contribute to high systemic inflammation associated with elevated stroke susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Lahdentausta
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taina Tervahartiala
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pia Gokel
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | | | - Anton Safer
- Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heiko Becher
- Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Armin J Grau
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Pirkko Pussinen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Kodovazenitis G, Pitsavos C, Papadimitriou L, Vrotsos IA, Stefanadis C, Madianos PN. Association between periodontitis and acute myocardial infarction: a case-control study of a nondiabetic population. J Periodontal Res 2013; 49:246-52. [PMID: 23713486 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Periodontitis and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are two diseases that share common risk factors. The role of periodontitis as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease has been under debate. The aim of this study was to investigate whether an association exists between periodontitis and AMI in a nondiabetic population, using multiple periodontal case definitions. MATERIAL AND METHODS Periodontal examination was performed in 204 patients with AMI. The control group comprised 102 healthy subjects, without significant coronary disease, confirmed angiographically. Periodontitis was assessed using measurements of clinical attachment loss (CAL), probing depth and number of missing teeth. From these measurements, five different case definitions of periodontitis were generated. RESULTS Using the continuous forms of periodontal measurements, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of the association with incident AMI was 1.74 (1.26-2.50), 1.83 (1.10-3.17) and 1.08 (1.06-1.13) for mean CAL, probing depth and number of missing teeth, respectively. A consistent positive association was observed regardless of the case definition of periodontitis. CONCLUSION In this nondiabetic population, the association between periodontitis and AMI was consistent across different measurements and/or definitions of periodontitis. The strength of the association increased concomitantly with the robustness of the criteria used to define periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kodovazenitis
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Oral and Maxillo-facial. Regen Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-5690-8_32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Stenman U, Wennström A, Ahlqwist M, Bengtsson C, Björkelund C, Lissner L, Hakeberg M. Association between periodontal disease and ischemic heart disease among Swedish women: a cross-sectional study. Acta Odontol Scand 2012; 67:193-9. [PMID: 19301159 DOI: 10.1080/00016350902776716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this cross-sectional study was to analyze the relationship between chronic periodontitis and ischemic heart disease (IHD). MATERIAL AND METHODS A cross-section of women aged 38 to 84 years were examined in 1992-93 (analysis based on n=1056). Medical and dental examinations were included in the analysis specifically with regard to IHD and periodontitis. Other well-known risk factors for IHD were used as covariates in multivariable statistical analysis. RESULTS Among the dentate women in this study (n=847), 74 had IHD and 773 did not. There was no statistically significant difference between numbers of pathological gingival pockets between these groups (58.1% had one or more pathological pockets in the IHD group compared to 57.6% in the non-IHD group). Bivariate analysis of dentate individuals showed significant associations between IHD and number of missing teeth, age, body mass index, waist/hip ratio, life satisfaction, hypertension, and levels of cholesterol and triglycerides. However, in the final multivariable logistic regression model, with the exception of age, only number of teeth (<17 teeth) OR = 2.13 (CI 1.20; 3.77) was found to be significantly associated with IHD. Moreover, edentulous women had an OR of 1.94 (CI 1.05; 3.60) in relation to IHD (age-adjusted model). CONCLUSIONS In the present study, periodontitis did not seem to have a statistically significant relationship with IHD. The number of missing teeth showed a strong association with IHD, and this may act as a proxy variable tapping an array of different risk factors and behaviors.
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Machuca G, Segura-Egea JJ, Jiménez-Beato G, Lacalle JR, Bullón P. Clinical indicators of periodontal disease in patients with coronary heart disease: a 10 years longitudinal study. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2012; 17:e569-74. [PMID: 22173486 PMCID: PMC3476017 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.17848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is evidence about a possible relationship existing between periodontal diseases and coronary heart disease. The aim of the present longitudinal study was to investigate the changes in periodontal evolution after etiological periodontal treatment, comparing a healthy control group with another having coronary heart disease. STUDY DESIGN The study included initially 55 patients of which 44 finished it. They were placed into two groups: Healthy Control Group (HCG) n =9, and Coronary Heart Disease Group (CHDG) n=35. The gingival level (GL), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), plaque index (PI) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were measured to compare the periodontal status in both groups. The patients were examined and etiological periodontal treatment was performed and they were then examined at the end of 1 and 10 years. STATISTICAL METHOD A one way-ANOVA and a MR-ANOVA were established; significance p<0.05. RESULTS No significant differences between both groups were detected on the first visit (p>0.5). However, at the second visit the CHDG presented a significantly higher PD (p<0.05) and PI (p<0.01). CHDG patients gradually increase PD through time and in comparison to the control group (p<0.041). CHDG patients present a significantly higher CAL loss (p<0.0385) and a significant increase in PI (p<0.0041) at the end of one year, while on the third visit no significant differences were detected in any of these indices. Likewise, a similar fact can be observed on evaluating BOP at the end of ten years causal treatment, a smaller decrease in the cardiac group was observed in regards to the initial values (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Patients with coronary heart disease showed a worse evolution of periodontal indices than healthy ones, when referring to probing depth, plaque index and bleeding on probing index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Machuca
- Department of Special Patients, Faculty of Odontology, University of Seville, Spain.
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Belstrøm D, Damgaard C, Nielsen CH, Holmstrup P. Does a causal relation between cardiovascular disease and periodontitis exist? Microbes Infect 2012; 14:411-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2011.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2011] [Revised: 12/01/2011] [Accepted: 12/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Lockhart PB, Bolger AF, Papapanou PN, Osinbowale O, Trevisan M, Levison ME, Taubert KA, Newburger JW, Gornik HL, Gewitz MH, Wilson WR, Smith SC, Baddour LM. Periodontal disease and atherosclerotic vascular disease: does the evidence support an independent association?: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2012; 125:2520-44. [PMID: 22514251 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0b013e31825719f3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 660] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A link between oral health and cardiovascular disease has been proposed for more than a century. Recently, concern about possible links between periodontal disease (PD) and atherosclerotic vascular disease (ASVD) has intensified and is driving an active field of investigation into possible association and causality. The 2 disorders share several common risk factors, including cigarette smoking, age, and diabetes mellitus. Patients and providers are increasingly presented with claims that PD treatment strategies offer ASVD protection; these claims are often endorsed by professional and industrial stakeholders. The focus of this review is to assess whether available data support an independent association between ASVD and PD and whether PD treatment might modify ASVD risks or outcomes. It also presents mechanistic details of both PD and ASVD relevant to this topic. The correlation of PD with ASVD outcomes and surrogate markers is discussed, as well as the correlation of response to PD therapy with ASVD event rates. Methodological issues that complicate studies of this association are outlined, with an emphasis on the terms and metrics that would be applicable in future studies. Observational studies to date support an association between PD and ASVD independent of known confounders. They do not, however, support a causative relationship. Although periodontal interventions result in a reduction in systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in short-term studies, there is no evidence that they prevent ASVD or modify its outcomes.
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Olerud E, Hagman-Gustafsson ML, Gabre P. Oral status, oral hygiene, and patient satisfaction in the elderly with dental implants dependent on substantial needs of care for daily living. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2012; 32:49-54. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1754-4505.2012.00236.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Vidal F, Figueredo CMS, Cordovil I, Fischer RG. Higher prevalence of periodontitis in patients with refractory arterial hypertension: a case-control study. Oral Dis 2011; 17:560-3. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2011.01800.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Arvidson K, Hellem S, Mustafa K. Dental. Regen Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/978-90-481-9075-1_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Abstract
Many patients requiring surgery possess poor oral health. The presence of decayed teeth and periodontitis represent potentially potent causes of odontogenic infection that could significantly compromise the surgical outcome. Geriatric patients presenting for surgery who have not had a dental examination for years may be harboring an undetected oral infection. In the perioperative period, the harmful effects of such an infection are amplified in terms of treatment and expenses. This article will elaborate on the association between oral health and systemic disease, present unique intraoral characteristics of elderly patients, and emphasize the importance of obtaining a dental evaluation and treating any acute oral infection before surgery. Augmenting the awareness of the perioperative dental considerations in the geriatric population can lead to the implementation of effective and preventive measures that can contain costs and achieve optimal patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S Yasny
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Yasny J. The Importance of Oral Health for Cardiothoracic and Vascular Patients. Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2010; 14:38-40. [DOI: 10.1177/1089253210362272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Prior to cardiothoracic or vascular surgery, a patient's oral health is not usually a high priority for the surgical team. Yet, oral neglect often mirrors systemic disease and the need for proper dental care is often unmet. In the perioperative period, the presence of untreated decayed teeth and periodontal disease can result in a potent odontogenic infection with significant consequences. Patients can unknowingly present for such operations with undetected oral infections that can magnify the likelihood of an adverse outcome, increase costs, morbidity, and possibly mortality. Considering scheduling constraints and the urgency of the procedure, a pre-operative dental screening is suggested for patients who undergo elective cardiothoracic or vascular surgery, to ensure that any oral infection is diagnosed and definitively treated. Implementing such an effective and preventive approach can improve surgical outcome and overall patient health.
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Friedewald VE, Kornman KS, Beck JD, Genco R, Goldfine A, Libby P, Offenbacher S, Ridker PM, Van Dyke TE, Roberts WC. The American Journal of Cardiology and Journal of Periodontology editors' consensus: periodontitis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. J Periodontol 2009; 80:1021-32. [PMID: 19563277 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2009.097001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
ACKNOWLEDGMENT This Editors' Consensus is supported by an educational grant from Colgate-Palmolive, Inc., New York, New York, and is based on a meeting of the authors held in Boston, Massachusetts, on January 9, 2009. DISCLOSURE Dr. Friedewald has received honoraria for speaking from Novartis, East Hanover, New Jersey. Dr. Kornman is a full-time employee and shareholder of Interleukin Genetics, Waltham, Massachusetts, which owns patents on genetic biomarkers for chronic inflammatory diseases. Dr. Genco is a consultant to Merck, Whitehouse Station, New Jersey. Dr. Ridker has received research support from AstraZeneca, Wilmington, Delaware; Novartis; Pfizer, New York, New York; Roche, Nutley, New Jersey; Sanofi-Aventis, Bridgewater, New Jersey; and Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois. Dr. Ridker has received non-financial research support from Amgen, Thousand Oaks, California. Dr. Ridker is a co-inventor on patents held by Brigham and Women's Hospital that relate to the use of inflammatory biomarkers in cardiovascular disease. Dr. Ridker is a research consultant for Schering-Plough, Kenilworth, New Jersey; Sanofi-Aventis; AstraZeneca; Isis, Carlsbad, California; Novartis; and Vascular Biogenics, Tel Aviv, Israel. Dr. Van Dyke is a co-inventor on patents held by Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, that relate to inflammation control, including consulting fees. Dr. Roberts has received honoraria for speaking from Merck, Schering-Plough, AstraZeneca, and Novartis. All other individuals in a position to control content disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
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Periodontal disease and risk of atherosclerotic coronary heart disease. Odontology 2009; 97:84-91. [PMID: 19639450 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-009-0104-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2009] [Accepted: 05/11/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an important component of coronary heart disease (CHD), which is the leading cause of death worldwide, including in Japan. Because atherosclerotic processes are typified by chronic inflammatory responses, which are similar to those elicited by chronic infection, the role of infection in promoting or accelerating atherosclerosis has received considerable focus. Increasing evidence supports the notion that periodontitis is associated with increased risk of atherosclerosis through dysfunction of endothelial cells induced by either periodontopathic bacteria or their products, or inflammatory mediators derived from infected periodontal tissue. Here we review whether periodontitis represents a risk factor for CHD or atherosclerosis, particularly in a Japanese population.
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Friedewald VE, Kornman KS, Beck JD, Genco R, Goldfine A, Libby P, Offenbacher S, Ridker PM, Van Dyke TE, Roberts WC. The American Journal of Cardiology and Journal of Periodontology Editors' Consensus: periodontitis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Am J Cardiol 2009; 104:59-68. [PMID: 19576322 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2009] [Accepted: 05/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent E Friedewald
- The American Journal of Cardiology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.
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Emekli-Alturfan E, Basar I, Malali E, Elemek E, Oktay S, Ayan F, Emekli N, Noyan U. Plasma Tissue Factor Levels and Salivary Tissue Factor Activities of Periodontitis Patients with and without Cardiovascular Disease. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF HAEMOSTASIS AND THROMBOSIS 2009; 37:77-81. [DOI: 10.1159/000323418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2010] [Accepted: 12/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Humphrey LL, Fu R, Buckley DI, Freeman M, Helfand M. Periodontal disease and coronary heart disease incidence: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Gen Intern Med 2008; 23:2079-86. [PMID: 18807098 PMCID: PMC2596495 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-008-0787-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 460] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2008] [Revised: 06/18/2008] [Accepted: 08/28/2008] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontal disease is common among adults in the US and is a potential source of chronic inflammation. Recent data have suggested an important role for chronic inflammation in the development of coronary heart disease (CHD). OBJECTIVE To aid the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) in evaluating whether periodontal disease is an independent novel risk factor for incident CHD. METHODS Studies were identified by searching Medline (1966 through March 2008) and reviewing prior systematic reviews, reference lists, and consulting experts. Prospective cohort studies that assessed periodontal disease, Framingham risk factors, and coronary heart disease incidence in the general adult population without known CHD were reviewed and quality rated using criteria developed by the USPSTF. Meta-analysis of good and fair quality studies was conducted to determine summary estimates of the risk of CHD events associated with various categories of periodontal disease. RESULTS We identified seven articles of good or fair quality from seven cohorts. Several studies found periodontal disease to be independently associated with increased risk of CHD. Summary relative risk estimates for different categories of periodontal disease (including periodontitis, tooth loss, gingivitis, and bone loss) ranged from 1.24 (95% CI 1.01-1.51) to 1.34 (95% CI 1.10-1.63). Risk estimates were similar in subgroup analyses by gender, outcome, study quality, and method of periodontal disease assessment. CONCLUSION Periodontal disease is a risk factor or marker for CHD that is independent of traditional CHD risk factors, including socioeconomic status. Further research in this important area of public health is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda L Humphrey
- Oregon Evidence-based Practice Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, OR, USA.
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Arvidson K, Esselin O, Felle-Persson E, Jonsson G, Smedberg JI, Soderstrom U. Early loading of mandibular full-arch bridges screw retained after 1 week to four to five Monotype ® implants: 3-year results from a prospective multicentre study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2008; 19:693-703. [PMID: 28812780 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2008.01540.x-i2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This prospective multicentre study provides clinical experience up to 3 years to support a simplified treatment for mandibular edentulism within 1 week by using one-stage implant surgery and a screw-retained full-arch bridge. METHODS Two hundred and fifty ITI Monotype® implants were installed in 62 patients out of 66 patients; 60 patients got four implants each and two got five implants. After 1 week, a final bridge was in function. Radiographs were taken as baseline for vertical bone loss up to 3 years post-loading for the whole cluster and specific effects of gender, centre, age, bone class, implant length over time were compiled. Clinical (mPI, SBI) and subjective parameters such as general oral hygiene and patient satisfaction were recorded and repeated at specified intervals up to 3 years. RESULTS Four patients were excluded at surgery and are not involved in the follow-ups. At 1 year, 61 patients (244 implants) were evaluable and all bridges were in function. After 3 years, 49 patients (194 implants) came to control. Eight patients died during the follow-up period. Three patients lost one implant each. The cumulative implant survival rate was 98.55% and the success rate for the prosthesis was 100%. As calculated from measurable radiographs, the mean bone level at baseline was 1.63±0.78 and at 1 and 3 years 2.50±0.60 and 2.56±0.74, respectively. Using the mixed model analysis and Friedman test, the time in situ, centre and bone class had significant effect on the bone resorption and to some small extent even, the implant length. Gender and age were unaffected. Oral hygiene and patient satisfaction of the treatment were improved. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that one-part self-tapping sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA) implants are suitable for loading within 1 week. In the whole period, the mean bone crestal resorption was <1 mm, which is in agreement with other similar studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Arvidson
- Center for Clinical Dental Research, University of Bergen, NorwayDepartment of Prosthetic Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Karlstad, SwedenDepartment of Maxillofacial Surgery, Postgraduate Dental Education Center, Orebro, SwedenDepartment of Prosthetic Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sundsvall, SwedenDepartment of Prosthetic Dentistry, St Eriks Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Sodersjukhuset, Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Oral Surgery and Prosthetic Dentistry, Skelleftea, Sweden
| | - Ove Esselin
- Center for Clinical Dental Research, University of Bergen, NorwayDepartment of Prosthetic Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Karlstad, SwedenDepartment of Maxillofacial Surgery, Postgraduate Dental Education Center, Orebro, SwedenDepartment of Prosthetic Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sundsvall, SwedenDepartment of Prosthetic Dentistry, St Eriks Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Sodersjukhuset, Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Oral Surgery and Prosthetic Dentistry, Skelleftea, Sweden
| | - Ewa Felle-Persson
- Center for Clinical Dental Research, University of Bergen, NorwayDepartment of Prosthetic Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Karlstad, SwedenDepartment of Maxillofacial Surgery, Postgraduate Dental Education Center, Orebro, SwedenDepartment of Prosthetic Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sundsvall, SwedenDepartment of Prosthetic Dentistry, St Eriks Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Sodersjukhuset, Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Oral Surgery and Prosthetic Dentistry, Skelleftea, Sweden
| | - Goran Jonsson
- Center for Clinical Dental Research, University of Bergen, NorwayDepartment of Prosthetic Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Karlstad, SwedenDepartment of Maxillofacial Surgery, Postgraduate Dental Education Center, Orebro, SwedenDepartment of Prosthetic Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sundsvall, SwedenDepartment of Prosthetic Dentistry, St Eriks Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Sodersjukhuset, Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Oral Surgery and Prosthetic Dentistry, Skelleftea, Sweden
| | - Jan-Ivan Smedberg
- Center for Clinical Dental Research, University of Bergen, NorwayDepartment of Prosthetic Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Karlstad, SwedenDepartment of Maxillofacial Surgery, Postgraduate Dental Education Center, Orebro, SwedenDepartment of Prosthetic Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sundsvall, SwedenDepartment of Prosthetic Dentistry, St Eriks Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Sodersjukhuset, Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Oral Surgery and Prosthetic Dentistry, Skelleftea, Sweden
| | - Ulf Soderstrom
- Center for Clinical Dental Research, University of Bergen, NorwayDepartment of Prosthetic Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Karlstad, SwedenDepartment of Maxillofacial Surgery, Postgraduate Dental Education Center, Orebro, SwedenDepartment of Prosthetic Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sundsvall, SwedenDepartment of Prosthetic Dentistry, St Eriks Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Sodersjukhuset, Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Oral Surgery and Prosthetic Dentistry, Skelleftea, Sweden
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