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le Roux JM, Groenewald L, Moxley K, Koen L. The clinical and demographic profile of women living with HIV admitted to the acute unit at Stikland Psychiatric Hospital. South Afr J HIV Med 2021; 22:1159. [PMID: 33824729 PMCID: PMC8008027 DOI: 10.4102/sajhivmed.v22i1.1159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a paucity of research on the clinical profile of women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (WLWH) admitted with acute mental health illness. Existing studies are small and did not look at factors that could have an impact on medication adherence. As a first step to inform service delivery for this vulnerable population, a thorough understanding of the composition and needs of these patients should be identified. OBJECTIVES To describe the socio-demographic and clinical profile that could have an influence on the antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence of WLWH at an inpatient psychiatric unit. METHODS In this retrospective audit, the medical records of all WLWH (18-59 years of age), discharged from the acute unit at Stikland Psychiatric Hospital, were reviewed over a 12-month period. RESULTS Of the 347 female patients discharged, 55 patients were positive for HIV (15.9%). The majority of them were unmarried (78.2%), unemployed (92.7%), had a secondary level of education (Grade 8-10) (58.2%), lived with a family member (83.6%) and had children (61.8%). The most common psychiatric diagnosis on discharge was substance use disorder with 78.2% of patients being categorised as substance users. Interpersonal violence was only reported by 5.5% of patients. Although most patients performed poorly on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS), only 12% of patients received a diagnosis of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) upon discharge. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) was initiated in 21.8% of patients. Only eight patients had a viral load of < 200 copies/mL, indicating viral suppression. CONCLUSION Our findings may inform service planning and emphasise the need for targeted intervention strategies to improve treatment outcomes in this vulnerable group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marie le Roux
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lina Groenewald
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Karis Moxley
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Liezl Koen
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
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Walker HE, Freud JS, Ellis RA, Fraine SM, Wilson LC. The Prevalence of Sexual Revictimization: A Meta-Analytic Review. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2019; 20:67-80. [PMID: 29333937 DOI: 10.1177/1524838017692364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The literature consistently demonstrates evidence that child sexual abuse survivors are at greater risk of victimization later in life than the general population. This phenomenon is called sexual revictimization. Although this finding is robust, there is a large amount of variability in the prevalence rates of revictimization demonstrated in the literature. The purpose of the present meta-analysis was to calculate an average prevalence rate of revictimization across the literature and to examine moderators that may potentially account for the observed variability. Based on a review of PsycINFO and PILOTS, 1,412 articles were identified and reviewed for inclusion. This process resulted in the inclusion of 80 studies, which contained 12,252 survivors of child sexual abuse. The mean prevalence of sexual revictimization across studies was 47.9% (95% confidence intervals [43.6%, 52.3%]), suggesting that almost half of child sexual abuse survivors are sexually victimized in the future. The present study failed to find support for any of the examined moderators. Potential explanations of and implications for the results are offered, including suggestions for therapists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E Walker
- 1 Department of Psychological Science, University of Mary Washington, Fredericksburg, VA, USA
| | - Jennifer S Freud
- 1 Department of Psychological Science, University of Mary Washington, Fredericksburg, VA, USA
| | - Robyn A Ellis
- 1 Department of Psychological Science, University of Mary Washington, Fredericksburg, VA, USA
| | - Shawn M Fraine
- 1 Department of Psychological Science, University of Mary Washington, Fredericksburg, VA, USA
| | - Laura C Wilson
- 1 Department of Psychological Science, University of Mary Washington, Fredericksburg, VA, USA
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3
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Merino Y, Barrington C, Villa-Torres L, Carcano J, Hightow-Weidman L. Negotiating Control of HIV: A Qualitative Analysis of HIV-Positive Latino MSM in North Carolina. AIDS Behav 2018; 22:4048-4056. [PMID: 29995205 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-018-2228-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The majority of HIV disease management happens outside of clinical encounters. As such, understanding how HIV fits into the lives of patients is key to improving HIV outcomes. The concept of control is a vital part of the social context within which health is managed. This qualitative study explores how a sample of Latino men who have sex with men living with HIV in North Carolina (n = 16) conceptualize and negotiate control in the context of living with HIV. We found that participants use a range of strategies to exert control over their lives including: understanding their infection, engaging with health care, and developing relationships with health professionals. By considering how individuals make sense of their HIV diagnosis and integrate it into their lives, HIV providers can direct efforts at strategic points of control decision-making and advanced clinicians can prioritize issues to address during clinical encounters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesenia Merino
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 302 Rosenau Hall, CB #7440, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7440, USA.
| | - Clare Barrington
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 302 Rosenau Hall, CB #7440, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7440, USA
| | - Laura Villa-Torres
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 302 Rosenau Hall, CB #7440, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7440, USA
| | - Joaquin Carcano
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lisa Hightow-Weidman
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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4
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Babowitch JD, Vanable PA, Carey MP. Gender Moderates the Association of Depressive Symptoms to Sexual Risk Behavior Among HIV-Positive African-American Outpatients. AIDS Behav 2018; 22:1430-1434. [PMID: 29185079 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-017-1981-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Previous research has reported an association between depressive symptoms and sexual risk behavior. The purpose of this study was to explore whether gender moderates this association in a sample of HIV-positive African-Americans. Participants (N = 93) self-reported depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale; CES-D), and sexual risk behavior for the past 4 months. Analyses revealed that the depressive symptoms-by-gender interaction was associated with condomless sex and substance use proximal to sex. When analyses were stratified by gender, depressive symptoms were associated with condomless sex and frequency of substance use only for women. We conclude that depressive symptoms may be a more powerful sexual risk factor among women relative to men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacklyn D Babowitch
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, 430 Huntington Hall, Syracuse, NY, 13224, USA.
| | - Peter A Vanable
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, 430 Huntington Hall, Syracuse, NY, 13224, USA
| | - Michael P Carey
- Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital and Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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5
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López-Martínez AE, Serrano-Ibáñez ER, Ruiz-Párraga GT, Gómez-Pérez L, Ramírez-Maestre C, Esteve R. Physical Health Consequences of Interpersonal Trauma: A Systematic Review of the Role of Psychological Variables. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2016; 19:305-322. [PMID: 27456113 DOI: 10.1177/1524838016659488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Interpersonal forms of trauma are among the most commonly reported traumas. These types of traumas are more damaging to well-being than noninterpersonal forms. They have also been strongly associated with somatic symptoms and more general physical health problems. Nevertheless, the results of trauma studies are mixed and suggest that pathways may vary according to the stressors, mediators, and health outcomes investigated. This article presents a systematic qualitative review of published studies that have investigated interpersonal trauma, its association with physical health, and the potential role of intervening psychological variables. A systematic search was made of four psychology and health electronic databases. Of the 863 studies reviewed, 50 were preselected, 11 of which met the inclusion and methodological quality criteria. All but one study had a cross-sectional design. The findings showed that childhood trauma exposure was the most common category of interpersonal trauma addressed in the reviewed studies and that the physical health variables investigated were diverse. The psychological variables most frequently investigated in the studies were posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, dissociation, and substance abuse. Overall, the results suggest that interpersonal trauma exposure is associated with poorer physical health; however, the role of intervening psychological variables remains unclear. The limitations of the reviewed literature are discussed, and methodological recommendations are made for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia E López-Martínez
- 1 University of Málaga, Faculty of Psychology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Málaga, Spain
| | - Elena R Serrano-Ibáñez
- 1 University of Málaga, Faculty of Psychology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Málaga, Spain
| | - Gema T Ruiz-Párraga
- 1 University of Málaga, Faculty of Psychology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Ramírez-Maestre
- 1 University of Málaga, Faculty of Psychology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Málaga, Spain
| | - Rosa Esteve
- 1 University of Málaga, Faculty of Psychology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Málaga, Spain
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Abstract
Women bear an increasing burden of the HIV epidemic and face high rates of morbidity and mortality. Trauma has been increasingly associated with the high prevalence and poor outcomes of HIV in this population. This meta-analysis estimates rates of psychological trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in HIV-positive women from the United States. We reviewed 9,552 articles, of which 29 met our inclusion criteria, resulting in a sample of 5,930 individuals. The findings demonstrate highly disproportionate rates of trauma exposure and recent PTSD in HIV-positive women compared to the general population of women. For example, the estimated rate of recent PTSD among HIV-positive women is 30.0% (95% CI 18.8-42.7%), which is over five-times the rate of recent PTSD reported in a national sample of women. The estimated rate of intimate partner violence is 55.3% (95% CI 36.1-73.8%), which is more than twice the national rate. Studies of trauma-prevention and trauma-recovery interventions in this population are greatly needed.
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Abstract
This cross-sectional study examined physical, psychological, and social factors associated with quality of life (QOL) among a sample of 399 rural women with HIV disease living in the Southeastern United States. Of the socio-demographic variables, age (p = .003), race (p < .0001), and time of HIV diagnosis (p = .03) were significantly associated with QOL. In bi-variate analysis, HIV symptoms (frequency and extent symptoms were bothersome), perceived stigma, internalized stigma, and depression were significantly and negatively associated with QOL whereas social support, problem-focused coping, perceived situational control, and healthy lifestyles were significantly and positively associated with QOL (all p < .0001). In adjusted analysis, HIV symptom frequency, depression, problem-focused coping, perceived situational control, perceived stigma, healthy lifestyles, and race remained significant predictors of QOL and explained 55% of the variance in QOL among the study participants (model F (7, 390) = 66.7; p < .0001). The study findings identify potential points of interventions to improve QOL among rural women with HIV disease.
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Jing L, Weine S, Bahromov M, Golobof A. Does Powerlessness Explain Elevated HIV Risk Amongst Tajik Labor Migrants? An Ethnographic Study. JOURNAL OF HIV/AIDS & SOCIAL SERVICES 2012; 11:105-124. [PMID: 24143129 PMCID: PMC3798015 DOI: 10.1080/15381501.2012.678114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the role of powerlessness in elevated HIV risk among labor migrants, we compared internal verses external male migrant workers from Tajikistan using minimally structured interviews and focused field observations. The sample included 30 male labor migrants who traveled to work in Regar, Tajikistan (internal labor migrants), and 30 who traveled to work in Moscow, Russia (external labor migrants). Though powerlessness did not appear to account for whether labor migrants engaged in more HIV risk behaviors, the harsh living and working conditions of external labor migration impacted how the migrants manifested these HIV risks by amplifying group masculine norms and behaviors. Progress in preventing HIV infection amid the difficult social conditions of labor migration is contingent upon adequate conceptualization of how such conditions impact HIV risk behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luo Jing
- Psychiatry Department, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Stevan Weine
- Psychiatry Department, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | | | - Alexandra Golobof
- Psychiatry Department, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
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Troeman ZCE, Spies G, Cherner M, Archibald SL, Fennema-Notestine C, Theilmann RJ, Spottiswoode B, Stein DJ, Seedat S. Impact of childhood trauma on functionality and quality of life in HIV-infected women. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2011; 9:84. [PMID: 21958030 PMCID: PMC3198878 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7525-9-84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2011] [Accepted: 09/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While there are many published studies on HIV and functional limitations, there are few in the context of early abuse and its impact on functionality and Quality of Life (QoL) in HIV. METHODS The present study focused on HIV in the context of childhood trauma and its impact on functionality and Quality of Life (QoL) by evaluating 85 HIV-positive (48 with childhood trauma and 37 without) and 52 HIV-negative (21 with childhood trauma and 31 without) South African women infected with Clade C HIV. QoL was assessed using the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), the Patient's Assessment of Own Functioning Inventory (PAOFI), the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale and the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS). Furthermore, participants were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). RESULTS Subjects had a mean age of 30.1 years. After controlling for age, level of education and CES-D scores, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) demonstrated significant individual effects of HIV status and childhood trauma on self-reported QoL. No significant interactional effects were evident. Functional limitation was, however, negatively correlated with CD4 lymphocyte count. CONCLUSIONS In assessing QoL in HIV-infected women, we were able to demonstrate the impact of childhood trauma on functional limitations in HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zyrhea C E Troeman
- South African Research Chairs Initiative (SARChI), PTSD program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa
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10
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Ruffin R, Ironson G, Fletcher MA, Balbin E, Schneiderman N. Health Locus of Control Beliefs and Healthy Survival with AIDS. Int J Behav Med 2011; 19:512-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s12529-011-9185-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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11
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Villar-Loubet O, Jones D, Waldrop-Valverde D, Bruscantini L, Weiss S. Sexual barrier acceptability among multiethnic HIV-positive and at-risk women. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2011; 20:365-73. [PMID: 21526524 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2009.1822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sexual behavior interventions have been found to reduce sexual risk among HIV-seropositive and high-risk HIV-seronegative women. METHODS This study examined the influence of ethnicity and HIV serostatus on sexual barrier acceptability and use at short-term and long-term follow-up among African American and Hispanic (n=457) women participating in a gender and culturally tailored sexual risk reduction intervention. We hypothesized that sexual barrier acceptability and use would differ between ethnic groups but that this difference would dissipate after intervention participation. We further postulated that HIV-seropositive women would report greater acceptability and use of sexual barriers than seronegative women at baseline and that after participation in the intervention, acceptability and use would increase for both serostatus groups. RESULTS We enrolled 317 African American and 140 Hispanic women, 273 (60%) seropositive and 184 (40%)seronegative. Ethnic differences in the frequency of male and female condom use existed at baseline but were not found at 12-month follow-up. Male condom acceptability was higher among African American women than Hispanic women at baseline and 12-month follow-up. Seropositive women reported higher levels of consistent male condom use, but both ethnic and serostatus groups reported high levels (positive, 40%; negative, 52%) of inconsistent condom use. Most women had little experience with female condoms or lubricating gels and suppositories at baseline. No differences between ethnicities were identified in lubricant use. CONCLUSIONS Results support the use of a culturally tailored intervention among these populations to increase sexual barrier use and reduce sexual risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Villar-Loubet
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1400 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, Florida 33136, USA.
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Wagner GJ, Bogart LM, Galvan FH, Banks D, Klein DJ. Discrimination as a key mediator of the relationship between posttraumatic stress and HIV treatment adherence among African American men. J Behav Med 2011; 35:8-18. [PMID: 21318411 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-011-9320-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2010] [Accepted: 01/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is relatively common among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) and may be associated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence. We examined the relationship between PTSD symptom severity and adherence among 214 African American males. Because PLHA may experience discrimination, potentially in the form of traumatic stress (e.g., hate crimes), we also examined whether perceived discrimination (related to race, HIV status, sexual orientation) is an explanatory variable in the relationship between PTSD and adherence. Adherence, monitored electronically over 6 months, was negatively correlated with PTSD total and re-experiencing symptom severity; all 3 discrimination types were positively correlated with PTSD symptoms and negatively correlated with adherence. Each discrimination type separately mediated the relationship between PTSD and adherence; when both PTSD and discrimination were included in the model, discrimination was the sole predictor of adherence. Findings highlight the critical role that discrimination plays in adherence among African American men experiencing posttraumatic stress.
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13
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Functional impairment and health care utilization among HIV-infected men who have sex with men: the relationship with depression and post-traumatic stress. J Behav Med 2009; 32:466-77. [PMID: 19526337 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-009-9217-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2008] [Accepted: 05/09/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the relationship of post-traumatic and depressive symptom severity with measures of health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and health care utilization in a sample of 503 HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) recruited in their primary HIV care setting. Participants completed computer assisted assessments of mood and anxiety, HRQOL, and HIV treatment. Peripheral blood CD4 (T helper) lymphocyte count, plasma HIV RNA concentration, and number of medical appointments were extracted from an electronic medical record. Controlling for demographics, disease stage, and antiretroviral medication, post-traumatic stress and depression symptoms accounted for significant variation in general health estimates, and in pain, role, and work-related impairment. Additionally, in multivariable models, post-traumatic stress and depression severity accounted for significant variation in health care utilization whereas symptoms and indices of HIV disease progression did not. These results extend the current research by providing evidence of the relationship between post-traumatic stress and depression symptom severity with measures of functional impairment and health care utilization in a relatively healthy, urban cohort of HIV-infected MSM.
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Mosack KE, Weinhardt LS, Kelly JA, Gore-Felton C, McAuliffe TL, Johnson MO, Remien RH, Rotheram-Borus MJ, Ehrhardt AA, Chesney MA, Morin SF. Influence of coping, social support, and depression on subjective health status among HIV-positive adults with different sexual identities. Behav Med 2009; 34:133-44. [PMID: 19064372 PMCID: PMC2653049 DOI: 10.3200/bmed.34.4.133-144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The authors examined associations between psychosocial variables (coping self-efficacy, social support, and cognitive depression) and subjective health status among a large national sample (N = 3,670) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive persons with different sexual identities. After controlling for ethnicity, heterosexual men reported fewer symptoms than did either bisexual or gay men and heterosexual women reported fewer symptoms than did bisexual women. Heterosexual and bisexual women reported greater symptom intrusiveness than did heterosexual or gay men. Coping self-efficacy and cognitive depression independently explained symptom reports and symptom intrusiveness for heterosexual, gay, and bisexual men. Coping self-efficacy and cognitive depression explained symptom intrusiveness among heterosexual women. Cognitive depression significantly contributed to the number of symptom reports for heterosexual and bisexual women and to symptom intrusiveness for lesbian and bisexual women. Individuals likely experience HIV differently on the basis of sociocultural realities associated with sexual identity. Further, symptom intrusiveness may be a more sensitive measure of subjective health status for these groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie E. Mosack
- Dr Mosack is with the Department of Psychology at the University of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. Drs Weinhardt, Kelly, and McAuliffe are with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine at the Medical College of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. Dr Gore-Felton is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University School of Medicine. Drs Johnson and Morin are with the Center for AIDS Prevention Studies at the University of California in San Francisco. Dr Remien is with the HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies in New York, NY. Dr Rotheram-Borus is with the Center for HIV Identification, Prevention, and Treatment Services at the University of California in Los Angeles. Dr Ehrhardt is with the HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies at New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University in New York, NY. Dr Chesney is with the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Bethesda, MD
| | - Lance S. Weinhardt
- Dr Mosack is with the Department of Psychology at the University of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. Drs Weinhardt, Kelly, and McAuliffe are with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine at the Medical College of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. Dr Gore-Felton is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University School of Medicine. Drs Johnson and Morin are with the Center for AIDS Prevention Studies at the University of California in San Francisco. Dr Remien is with the HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies in New York, NY. Dr Rotheram-Borus is with the Center for HIV Identification, Prevention, and Treatment Services at the University of California in Los Angeles. Dr Ehrhardt is with the HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies at New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University in New York, NY. Dr Chesney is with the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Bethesda, MD
| | - Jeffrey A. Kelly
- Dr Mosack is with the Department of Psychology at the University of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. Drs Weinhardt, Kelly, and McAuliffe are with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine at the Medical College of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. Dr Gore-Felton is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University School of Medicine. Drs Johnson and Morin are with the Center for AIDS Prevention Studies at the University of California in San Francisco. Dr Remien is with the HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies in New York, NY. Dr Rotheram-Borus is with the Center for HIV Identification, Prevention, and Treatment Services at the University of California in Los Angeles. Dr Ehrhardt is with the HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies at New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University in New York, NY. Dr Chesney is with the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Bethesda, MD
| | - Cheryl Gore-Felton
- Dr Mosack is with the Department of Psychology at the University of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. Drs Weinhardt, Kelly, and McAuliffe are with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine at the Medical College of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. Dr Gore-Felton is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University School of Medicine. Drs Johnson and Morin are with the Center for AIDS Prevention Studies at the University of California in San Francisco. Dr Remien is with the HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies in New York, NY. Dr Rotheram-Borus is with the Center for HIV Identification, Prevention, and Treatment Services at the University of California in Los Angeles. Dr Ehrhardt is with the HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies at New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University in New York, NY. Dr Chesney is with the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Bethesda, MD
| | - Timothy L. McAuliffe
- Dr Mosack is with the Department of Psychology at the University of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. Drs Weinhardt, Kelly, and McAuliffe are with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine at the Medical College of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. Dr Gore-Felton is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University School of Medicine. Drs Johnson and Morin are with the Center for AIDS Prevention Studies at the University of California in San Francisco. Dr Remien is with the HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies in New York, NY. Dr Rotheram-Borus is with the Center for HIV Identification, Prevention, and Treatment Services at the University of California in Los Angeles. Dr Ehrhardt is with the HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies at New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University in New York, NY. Dr Chesney is with the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Bethesda, MD
| | - Mallory O. Johnson
- Dr Mosack is with the Department of Psychology at the University of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. Drs Weinhardt, Kelly, and McAuliffe are with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine at the Medical College of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. Dr Gore-Felton is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University School of Medicine. Drs Johnson and Morin are with the Center for AIDS Prevention Studies at the University of California in San Francisco. Dr Remien is with the HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies in New York, NY. Dr Rotheram-Borus is with the Center for HIV Identification, Prevention, and Treatment Services at the University of California in Los Angeles. Dr Ehrhardt is with the HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies at New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University in New York, NY. Dr Chesney is with the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Bethesda, MD
| | - Robert H. Remien
- Dr Mosack is with the Department of Psychology at the University of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. Drs Weinhardt, Kelly, and McAuliffe are with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine at the Medical College of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. Dr Gore-Felton is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University School of Medicine. Drs Johnson and Morin are with the Center for AIDS Prevention Studies at the University of California in San Francisco. Dr Remien is with the HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies in New York, NY. Dr Rotheram-Borus is with the Center for HIV Identification, Prevention, and Treatment Services at the University of California in Los Angeles. Dr Ehrhardt is with the HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies at New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University in New York, NY. Dr Chesney is with the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Bethesda, MD
| | - Mary Jane Rotheram-Borus
- Dr Mosack is with the Department of Psychology at the University of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. Drs Weinhardt, Kelly, and McAuliffe are with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine at the Medical College of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. Dr Gore-Felton is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University School of Medicine. Drs Johnson and Morin are with the Center for AIDS Prevention Studies at the University of California in San Francisco. Dr Remien is with the HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies in New York, NY. Dr Rotheram-Borus is with the Center for HIV Identification, Prevention, and Treatment Services at the University of California in Los Angeles. Dr Ehrhardt is with the HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies at New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University in New York, NY. Dr Chesney is with the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Bethesda, MD
| | - Anke A. Ehrhardt
- Dr Mosack is with the Department of Psychology at the University of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. Drs Weinhardt, Kelly, and McAuliffe are with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine at the Medical College of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. Dr Gore-Felton is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University School of Medicine. Drs Johnson and Morin are with the Center for AIDS Prevention Studies at the University of California in San Francisco. Dr Remien is with the HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies in New York, NY. Dr Rotheram-Borus is with the Center for HIV Identification, Prevention, and Treatment Services at the University of California in Los Angeles. Dr Ehrhardt is with the HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies at New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University in New York, NY. Dr Chesney is with the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Bethesda, MD
| | - Margaret A. Chesney
- Dr Mosack is with the Department of Psychology at the University of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. Drs Weinhardt, Kelly, and McAuliffe are with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine at the Medical College of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. Dr Gore-Felton is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University School of Medicine. Drs Johnson and Morin are with the Center for AIDS Prevention Studies at the University of California in San Francisco. Dr Remien is with the HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies in New York, NY. Dr Rotheram-Borus is with the Center for HIV Identification, Prevention, and Treatment Services at the University of California in Los Angeles. Dr Ehrhardt is with the HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies at New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University in New York, NY. Dr Chesney is with the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Bethesda, MD
| | - Stephen F. Morin
- Dr Mosack is with the Department of Psychology at the University of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. Drs Weinhardt, Kelly, and McAuliffe are with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine at the Medical College of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. Dr Gore-Felton is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University School of Medicine. Drs Johnson and Morin are with the Center for AIDS Prevention Studies at the University of California in San Francisco. Dr Remien is with the HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies in New York, NY. Dr Rotheram-Borus is with the Center for HIV Identification, Prevention, and Treatment Services at the University of California in Los Angeles. Dr Ehrhardt is with the HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies at New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University in New York, NY. Dr Chesney is with the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Bethesda, MD
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15
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Andersson MA, Conley CS. Expecting to heal through self-expression: a perceived control theory of writing and health. Health Psychol Rev 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/17437190802660890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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16
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Romans SE, Cohen MM, Forte T, Du Mont J, Hyman I. Gender and psychotropic medication use: the role of intimate partner violence. Prev Med 2008; 46:615-21. [PMID: 18395784 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2005] [Revised: 07/14/2007] [Accepted: 07/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Women are known to use more psychotropic medications than men which may be linked to women's greater exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV). METHOD The use of medications for sleep, depression and anxiety in adults in the 1999 Canadian General Social Survey was assessed. Rates of medication use by adults exposed to IPV (physical, sexual, emotional and financial) were compared to rates of those reporting no IPV. RESULTS More women (14.9%) than men (9.6%) reported use of psychotropic medications in the preceding month. Rates were significantly higher in both women and men who reported IPV. This link was still present after key sociodemographic and health predictors of medication use were held constant. CONCLUSION This random population based study provides the first data to support the idea that IPV may explain at least some of the increased psychotropic medication use by women. IPV should be included as a predictor variable in future studies investigating psychotropic medication use which itself can be added to the list of adverse health risks of IPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Romans
- Women's College Research Institute, 790 Bay Street, 8th Floor, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1N8.
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17
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Tarakeshwar N, Hansen NB, Kochman A, Fox A, Sikkema KJ. Resiliency among individuals with childhood sexual abuse and HIV: perspectives on addressing sexual trauma. J Trauma Stress 2006; 19:449-60. [PMID: 16929500 DOI: 10.1002/jts.20132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study examined how resiliency (represented by optimism, social support, religiosity, and finding growth and meaning), within the context of perceived impact of sexual trauma and HIV-related stress, was linked to perspectives on addressing trauma among individuals (N=266) with HIV and childhood sexual abuse (CSA). Structural equation modeling analyses indicated that lower resiliency and greater HIV-related stress were related to negative feelings about addressing trauma, whereas greater resiliency and higher perceived impact of sexual trauma were associated with positive feelings about addressing trauma. Findings suggest that multiple factors influence perspectives on addressing trauma among individuals with HIV and CSA, and that resiliency might influence these attitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalini Tarakeshwar
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
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18
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Préau M, Vincent E, Spire B, Reliquet V, Fournier I, Michelet C, Leport C, Morin M. Health-related quality of life and health locus of control beliefs among HIV-infected treated patients. J Psychosom Res 2005; 59:407-13. [PMID: 16310023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2005] [Revised: 04/22/2005] [Accepted: 06/02/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the relations between health locus of control (HLOC) beliefs and health-related quality of life (HRQL) in 302 HIV-infected patients enrolled in a French cohort, 44 months (M44) after they began highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). METHODS HLOC beliefs were measured with the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLOC) scale and HRQL, with the Medical Outcome Study Short-Form Health Survey (MOS-SF-36). RESULTS Internal HLOC beliefs at the initiation of treatment were associated with both physical HRQL in multivariate analysis, while chance HLOC beliefs on beginning HAART were associated with mental HRQL at M44. CONCLUSION These findings suggest the importance of considering the psychological characteristics and psychosocial beliefs of patients at the initiation of ARV treatment to optimise the long-term HRQL of HIV-infected patient and to develop adaptive intervention on coping strategies.
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19
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Leserman J, Whetten K, Lowe K, Stangl D, Swartz MS, Thielman NM. How trauma, recent stressful events, and PTSD affect functional health status and health utilization in HIV-infected patients in the south. Psychosom Med 2005; 67:500-7. [PMID: 15911916 DOI: 10.1097/01.psy.0000160459.78182.d9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In addition to biological markers of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease progression, physical functioning, and utilization of health care may also be important indicators of health status in HIV-infected patients. There is insufficient understanding of the psychosocial predictors of health-related physical functioning and use of health services among those with this chronic disease. Therefore, the current study examines how trauma, severe stressful events, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depressive symptoms are related to physical functioning and health utilization in HIV-infected men and women living in rural areas of the South. METHODS We consecutively sampled patients from 8 rural HIV clinics in 5 southern states, obtaining 611 completed interviews. RESULTS We found that patients with more lifetime trauma, stressful events, and PTSD symptoms reported more bodily pain, and poorer physical, role, and cognitive functioning. Trauma, recent stressful events, and PTSD explained from 12% to 27% of the variance in health-related functioning, over and above that explained by demographic variables. In addition, patients with more trauma, including sexual and physical abuse, and PTSD symptoms were at greater risk for having bed disability, an overnight hospitalization, an emergency room visit, and four or more HIV outpatient clinic visits in the previous 9 months. Patients with a history of abuse had about twice the risk of spending 5 or more days in bed, having an overnight hospital stay, and visiting the emergency room, compared with those without abuse. The effects of trauma and stress were not explained by CD4 lymphocyte count or HIV viral load; however, these effects appear to be largely accounted for by increases in current PTSD symptoms. CONCLUSION These findings highlight the importance of addressing past trauma, stress, and current PTSD within clinical HIV care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Leserman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7160, USA.
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20
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Vela Acosta MS, Chapman P, Bigelow PL, Kennedy C, Buchan RM. Measuring success in a pesticide risk reduction program among migrant farmworkers in Colorado. Am J Ind Med 2005; 47:237-45. [PMID: 15712260 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.20136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Farmworkers in the US largely consist of young undocumented Hispanics with a median education of 6 years and limited English skills. The High Plains Intermountain Center for Agricultural Health and Safety bilingual pesticide risk reduction program, which complied with the Worker Protection Standard for migrant farmworkers was evaluated. METHODS A pretest/posttest comparison of farmworkers (n = 152) assigned to either the experimental or control group was used. Independent variables included demographics, agricultural experience, and health locus of control. Dependent variables were pesticide knowledge, safety risk perception (SRP), and safety-behavior outcomes. RESULTS The bilingual pesticide program effectively increased farmworker's pesticide knowledge (P = 0.0001), SRP (P = 0.0001), and two (out of four) behavior outcomes. Workers with external health locus of control were less likely to adopt safety behaviors (P = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The cognitive decision-making process whereby farmworkers' readiness to change and permanently adopt safety behaviors was supported by the pesticide program. Our results support the need for long-term sustained bilingual, intervention programs that demonstrated effectiveness using integrative methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Soledad Vela Acosta
- Division of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Texas, Health Sciences Center RAHC Building, Brownsville, Texas 78520, USA.
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21
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Aranda-Naranjo B. Quality of Life in the HIV-Positive Patient: Implications and Consequences. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2004; 15:20S-27S. [PMID: 15587605 DOI: 10.1177/1055329004269183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Many individuals newly infected with HIV struggle with psychosocial influences, such as poverty, stigma, depression, substance abuse, domestic violence, and/or cultural beliefs, which can affect their quality of life (QoL), willingness to seek medical care, and motivation to adhere to therapy, ultimately influencing health outcomes. The Health Resources and Services Administration established the Ryan White Care Act (RWCA) to provide health care to people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH). Part F of the RWCA, the Special Projects of National Significance (SPNS) Program, focuses on identifying issues affecting care for PLWH. One cohort of SPNS grantees has identified numerous needs and vulnerabilities of underserved HIV-infected patients and supports the development of innovative HIV/AIDS ancillary services for them. In this article, a review of the underlying psychosocial sequelae of HIV infection and their impact on QoL is presented, and recommendations for providers to assist in improving the QoL of PLWH are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Aranda-Naranjo
- Department of Professional Nursing, Georgetown University School of Nursing and Health Studies, Washington, DC, USA
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22
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Terre L, Carlos Poston WS, Foreyt J, Jeor STS, Horrigan KL. Does family of origin functioning predict adult somatic complaints? Psychol Health 2004. [DOI: 10.1080/0887044042000196683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Cooperman NA, Simoni JM, Lockhart DW. Abuse, Social Support, and Depression Among HIV-Positive Heterosexual, Bisexual, and Lesbian Women. JOURNAL OF LESBIAN STUDIES 2003; 7:49-66. [PMID: 24831384 DOI: 10.1300/j155v07n04_04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARY A nonprobability sample of HIV-positive mostly African American and Puerto Rican women in New York City were surveyed regarding abusive experiences, social support, and depressive symptoms. Seventy-five percent reported experiencing physical or sexual abuse at some point in their lives. Multiple regression analyses controlling for relevant sociodemographic variables indicated that child physical and sexual abuse and adult sexual abuse were significantly associated with depressive symptomatology (i.e., CES-D scores). HIV-related social support had a significant negative correlation with CES-D scores but did not have a moderating impact on the effects of physical or sexual abuse. Lesbian/bisexual women reported higher rates of lifetime sexual and physical abuse than heterosexual women. However, there were no differences between the groups in total CES-D scores. Lesbian/bisexual women had significantly greater support from friends and groups/organizations than the heterosexual women. The implications of the findings for future research and the provision of services for HIV-positive women are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina A Cooperman
- a Behavioral Sciences Training in Drug Abuse Research Program , Medical and Health Research Association of New York City, Inc , USA
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