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Rauer A, Cooke WM, Haselschwerdt M, Winters-Stone K, Hornbuckle L. From Organizing Medicine to Cooking With More Leafy Greens: A Dyadic, Qualitative Analysis of How Older African American Couples Take Care of Each Other's Health. Res Aging 2024; 46:302-313. [PMID: 38215404 DOI: 10.1177/01640275241227557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Guided by the Dyadic Theory of Illness Management, we explored spousal health management behaviors and their congruence within seventeen older African American married couples participating in a dyadic exercise intervention. Both prior to and after the intervention, spouses reported how they took care of their partner's health as well as what their partner did for them. Data were analyzed using theoretical thematic analysis, and five health management behaviors domains were identified (diet, exercise, self-care, medical compliance, relationship maintenance). Both partners were most likely to encourage healthier diets and exercise. Wives tended to report more behaviors compared to husbands. Couples had little congruence in their appraisals of each other's health management behaviors, and patterns were stable over time. Findings suggest incongruence in couples' health management behaviors represented complementary, collaborative efforts to support each other and that husbands may underestimate how much care they both provide to and receive from their wives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Rauer
- Department of Child and Family Studies, The University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Wendy McLean Cooke
- Department of Sociology, Psychology & Social Work, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Megan Haselschwerdt
- Department of Child and Family Studies, The University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Kerri Winters-Stone
- The School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Lyndsey Hornbuckle
- Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, The University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, USA
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2
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Walker SA, Pinkus RT, Olderbak S, MacCann C. People with higher relationship satisfaction use more humor, valuing, and receptive listening to regulate their partners' emotions. Curr Psychol 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37359582 PMCID: PMC9999077 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04432-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
The emotional experiences you have with a romantic partner shape how satisfied you are in your relationship. Engaging in attempts to make a romantic partner feel better is linked with better relationship outcomes. However, it is not yet clear which specific processes people use to regulate their partners' emotions, nor which processes are most strongly linked with relationship satisfaction. In the current study of 277 individuals (55% female), we tested the extent to which eight extrinsic emotion regulation processes (expressive suppression, downward social comparison, humor, distraction, direct action, reappraisal, receptive listening, and valuing) predict relationship satisfaction. Six of the eight processes showed significant positive correlations with relationship satisfaction, with the strongest associations for valuing (r = .43), humor (r = .33), and receptive listening (r = .27). Relative weights were significant only for valuing, humor, and receptive listening, suggesting that these are the most important predictors of relationship satisfaction. Results are discussed in terms of the distinction between intrinsic and extrinsic regulation processes and the potential importance of motives for regulation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-023-04432-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Walker
- School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | | | - Sally Olderbak
- Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Carolyn MacCann
- School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
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Harris PE, Gordon AM, Dover TL, Small PA, Collins NL, Major B. Sleep, Emotions, and Sense of Belonging: A Daily Experience Study. Affect Sci 2022; 3:295-306. [PMID: 36046008 PMCID: PMC9382960 DOI: 10.1007/s42761-021-00088-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Sleep has strong influences on affective and social experiences. However, less is known about the reciprocal effects of sleep, affect, and social experiences at a daily level, and little work has considered racial/ethnic minorities at high risk for social disconnection and discrimination. A 7-day daily experience study assessed the bidirectional relationships between daily sleep quality, affect, social experiences, and overall well-being among a sample of Latinx undergraduates (N = 109). Each morning, participants reported on their previous night's sleep. Each evening, they reported their positive and negative affect, experiences of belonging and unfair treatment, and overall well-being that day. Results indicate that, at a daily level, sleep quality predicts next-day affect, belonging, and well-being. Reciprocally, only daily well-being predicts sleep quality. Findings highlight sleep as a potentially powerful antecedent of affective and social experiences likely to be particularly potent for underrepresented minority groups. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42761-021-00088-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige E. Harris
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9660 USA
| | - Amie M. Gordon
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Tessa L. Dover
- Department of Psychology, Portland State University, Portland, OR USA
| | - Payton A. Small
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9660 USA
| | - Nancy L. Collins
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9660 USA
| | - Brenda Major
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9660 USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the compliance to voluntary home quarantine and to examine the prevalence and associated factors of health anxiety among the voluntary home quarantined population during the onset of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS An online survey questionnaire, including the health anxiety questionnaire, was administered to 1578 eligible adults from the general population of 19 governorates of Iraq. RESULTS Self-reported compliance with home confinement was reported by a majority of respondents (83%) and was followed to a larger extent by young adults (62.2%), females (53.9%), unmarried individuals (56.7%), university graduates (54.5%), unemployed individuals (48.6%), and inhabitants of the northern provinces (50.2%). Compliance was significantly correlated to the level of personal knowledge on COVID-19. The quarantined individuals experienced greater health anxieties and preoccupations and exhibited increased reassurance-seeking behavior. Higher knowledge of COVID-19 was a protective factor against health anxiety. CONCLUSIONS A significant mental health burden is discovered among Iraqis during the quarantine period. Based on the insights gleaned from this study, psychological education and interventions should be prioritized to diminish the psychological impact of the quarantine experience, especially among the high-risk groups. Improvement in compliance to quarantine can be approached by providing better information regarding the novel infection.
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Giff ST, Disabato DD, Renshaw KD, Campbell SB. Longitudinal Associations of Global and Daily Support with Marital Status. Am J Fam Ther 2021; 50:280-294. [PMID: 35602589 PMCID: PMC9119641 DOI: 10.1080/01926187.2021.1913667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The provision and receipt of emotional support demonstrates benefits for relationships; however, little research has investigated how either global or day-to-day spousal support influences marital stability. This project assessed how global perception of support from a partner and daily provision and receipt of emotional support over 1 week contributed to divorce 10 years later, accounting for demographic covariates. There were no significant associations of support variables with future divorce. Greater education attainment was the only factor significantly associated with decreased risk for divorce. Results suggest that despite potential short-term benefits, global and daily support may not predict long-term marital stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah T. Giff
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | | | - Keith D. Renshaw
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | - Sarah B. Campbell
- Seattle Division, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
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Berli C, Schwaninger P, Scholz U. "We Feel Good": Daily Support Provision, Health Behavior, and Well-Being in Romantic Couples. Front Psychol 2021; 11:622492. [PMID: 33536986 PMCID: PMC7848131 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.622492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Intimate partners are an important source of support when pursuing health goals. A vast amount of literature documents the role of social support in alleviating recipients’ distress and facilitating health behaviors. Less studied is the phenomenon that providing support may entail a benefit for the provider, particularly in the context of health behavior change. In the present study, we investigated whether providing social support in daily life would be associated with more health behavior, and emotional and relational well-being that same day, using a sample of romantic couples aiming to become more physically active. Ninety-nine inactive and overweight heterosexual romantic couples (=198 individuals) participated in this dyadic daily diary study. Both partners reported on the provision of social support, positive and negative affect, and relationship satisfaction in electronic end-of-day diaries across 14 consecutive days. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was objectively assessed via triaxial accelerometers (Actigraph GT3X+). Using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM), dyadic data analyses indicated that providing support to the partner was associated with higher own MVPA, more own positive affect, less own negative affect, and more own relationship satisfaction (actor effects), over and above the effect of support provision on outcomes in the other partner (partner effects). The present findings suggest that the provision of daily social support in couples is strongly associated with enhanced well-being not only at a personal level but also at a relational level. Providing social support may also serve the function of relationship maintenance. Thus, shifting the focus away from the recipient to examine beneficial effects of social support in providers is highly relevant. Future research should address the question of when, why, and how giving support is beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Berli
- Applied Social and Health Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Schwaninger
- Applied Social and Health Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Urte Scholz
- Applied Social and Health Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,University Research Priority Program "Dynamics of Healthy Aging", Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Baker LR, McNulty JK. The Relationship Problem Solving (RePS) Model: How Partners Influence One Another to Resolve Relationship Problems. Pers Soc Psychol Rev 2019; 24:53-77. [PMID: 31658875 DOI: 10.1177/1088868319881243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we synthesize existing literatures across numerous domains to introduce a novel model-the Relationship Problem Solving (RePS) model-for understanding the process through which romantic partners influence one another to resolve relationship problems. The first section briefly describes the key constructs and stages of the model. The second section details the interpersonal behaviors that influence various intrapersonal factors (e.g., affect, self-efficacy) that ultimately influence partners' motivation and ability to progress through the stages of the model. The third section uses the model to generate novel predictions that suggest that the effectiveness of these interpersonal behaviors often depends on contextual factors. Finally, the fourth section discusses the implications of this model for understanding relationship problem solving, highlights the need to consider the role of context in the problem-solving process, and offers numerous specific predictions to be addressed by future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levi R Baker
- The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, USA
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Chen Q, Zhang Y, Zhuang D, Mao X, Mi G, Wang D, Du X, Yi Z, Shen X, Sui Y, Li H, Cao Y, Zhu Z, Hou Z, Li Q, Yuan Y. Health anxiety in medical employees: A multicentre study. J Int Med Res 2019; 47:4854-4861. [PMID: 31638465 PMCID: PMC6997781 DOI: 10.1177/0300060519872310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to explore health anxiety (HA) in a sample of
hospital medical employees and to identify factors that influence HA. Methods A consecutively recruited sample of 1702 medical employees with or without HA
was obtained from 13 hospitals across China. Participants’ demographic and
clinical characteristics were collected using a standardized protocol and
data collection procedure. Subjects were divided into a HA and non-HA group
according to their scores on the Chinese version of the Short Health Anxiety
Inventory. Comparisons between groups were conducted and binary logistic
regression was used to identify risk factors of HA. Results Total HA prevalence was 30.14%. There were significant differences between
the HA and non-HA groups in number of working years, hospital category, sex,
marital status, family income, personality, physical disease and education
degree. Working in a specialist hospital, being female, being married, low
income, introversion, graduate education or above and presence of physical
disease were risk factors of HA. Conclusions HA is common in medical employees. More investigation of the long-term impact
of HA is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Chen
- Jingjiang Second People's Hospital, Jingjiang, China
| | - Yuqun Zhang
- School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongyun Zhuang
- Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueqin Mao
- Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guolin Mi
- The Mental Health Center of Shandong, Jinan, China
| | - Dijuan Wang
- Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Command, PLA, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangdong Du
- Guangji Hospital, Affiliated Suzhou University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhenghui Yi
- The Mental Health Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinhua Shen
- Huzhou Third Municipal Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuxiu Sui
- Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huajie Li
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurological Disease Changzhou First People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yin Cao
- Department of Neurology, Changzhou Second People's Hospital, Changzhou, China
| | - Zufu Zhu
- Jiangyin People's Hospital, Jiangyin, China
| | - Zhenghua Hou
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qibin Li
- Guilin Social Welfare Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China
| | - Yonggui Yuan
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Abstract
Amid growing disagreement about the benefits of visible and invisible support, we tested daily associations among support visibility and changes in individual and relational well-being in young adult newlyweds (Study 1) and older married couples (Study 2). To extend past research, we assessed emotional and practical support visibility in 3 contexts (context-general, stress-related, and goal-related) each day. In both samples, reporting context-general or goal-related support receipt predicted increases in personal and relational well-being day-to-day. Further, direct comparison between visible and invisible support days revealed relative personal and relational benefits associated with visible support days. In contrast, reporting stress-related support receipt was related to decreases in personal well-being in both samples, despite increases in relational well-being. This relative personal benefit associated with invisible stress-related support is consistent with past work showing benefits of invisible support for people experiencing major stressors. The current research highlights the need for a nuanced approach to understanding support visibility. Although invisible support may be preferable to protect self-efficacy and prevent distress in some situations (high stress or stressor-related support contexts), its benefits may be less wide-ranging than originally thought. In nonstress contexts and for relational outcomes, visible support may instead prove advantageous. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rebecca A Ferrer
- Basic Biobehavioral and Psychological Sciences Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health
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10
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Abstract
Social relationships can be a vital source of help in difficult times. However, attempts to provide social support that is visible—direct and recognized by recipients as help—can sometimes have unintended negative effects. By contrast, invisible support—provided indirectly such that recipients do not interpret the behavior as help—can circumvent potential negative effects. In this article, we synthesize empirical evidence on support visibility using three organizing questions: How do support attempts differ in visibility? Why is invisible support often more beneficial than visible support? When is invisible support, as opposed to visible support, needed? The answers to these questions can illuminate mechanisms of effective support generally, help explain known variability in support outcomes, and stimulate further research.
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