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Solution of Non-Autonomous Schrödinger Equation for Quantized de Sitter Klein-Gordon Oscillator Modes Undergoing Attraction-Repulsion Transition. Symmetry (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/sym12060943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
For a scalar field in an exponentially expanding universe, constituent modes of elementary excitation become unstable consecutively at shorter wavelength. After canonical quantization, a Bogoliubov transformation reduces the minimally coupled scalar field to independent 1D modes of two inequivalent types, leading eventually to a cosmological partitioning of energy. Due to accelerated expansion of the coupled space-time, each underlying mode transits from an attractive oscillator with discrete energy spectrum to a repulsive unit with continuous unbounded energy spectrum. The underlying non-autonomous Schrödinger equation is solved here as the wave function evolves through the attraction-repulsion transition and ceases to oscillate.
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Bos EGP, Kitaura FS, van de Weygaert R. Bayesian cosmic density field inference from redshift space dark matter maps. MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY 2019; 488:2573-2604. [PMID: 31395991 PMCID: PMC6669761 DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stz1864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We present a self-consistent Bayesian formalism to sample the primordial density fields compatible with a set of dark matter density tracers after a cosmic evolution observed in redshift space. Previous works on density reconstruction did not self-consistently consider redshift space distortions or included an additional iterative distortion correction step. We present here the analytic solution of coherent flows within a Hamiltonian Monte Carlo posterior sampling of the primordial density field. We test our method within the Zel'dovich approximation, presenting also an analytic solution including tidal fields and spherical collapse on small scales. Our resulting reconstructed fields are isotropic and their power spectra are unbiased compared to the true field defined by our mock observations. Novel algorithmic implementations are introduced regarding the mass assignment kernels when defining the dark matter density field and optimization of the time-step in the Hamiltonian equations of motions. Our algorithm, dubbed barcode, promises to be specially suited for analysis of the dark matter cosmic web down to scales of a few megaparsecs. This large-scale structure is implied by the observed spatial distribution of galaxy clusters - such as obtained from X-ray, Sunyaev-Zel'dovich, or weak lensing surveys - as well as that of the intergalactic medium sampled by the Ly α forest or perhaps even by deep hydrogen intensity mapping. In these cases, virialized motions are negligible, and the tracers cannot be modelled as point-like objects. It could be used in all of these contexts as a baryon acoustic oscillation reconstruction algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- E G Patrick Bos
- Netherlands eScience Center, Science Park 140, 1098XG Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, PO box 800, 9700AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Francisco-Shu Kitaura
- Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (IAC), Calle Via Lactea s/n, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Rien van de Weygaert
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, PO box 800, 9700AV Groningen, the Netherlands
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Gluscevic V, Boddy KK. Constraints on Scattering of keV-TeV Dark Matter with Protons in the Early Universe. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:081301. [PMID: 30192595 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.081301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We present the first cosmological constraint on dark matter scattering with protons in the early Universe for the entire range of dark matter masses between 1 keV and 1 TeV. This constraint is derived from the Planck measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and polarization anisotropy, and the CMB lensing anisotropy. It improves upon previous CMB constraints by many orders of magnitude, where limits are available, and closes the gap in coverage for low-mass dark matter candidates. We focus on two canonical interaction scenarios: spin-independent and spin-dependent scattering with no velocity dependence. Our results exclude (with 95% confidence) spin-independent interactions with cross sections greater than 5.3×10^{-27} cm^{2} for 1 keV, 3.0×10^{-26} cm^{2} for 1 MeV, 1.7×10^{-25} cm^{2} for 1 GeV, and 1.6×10^{-23} cm^{2} for 1 TeV dark matter mass. Finally, we discuss the implications of this study for dark matter physics and future observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Gluscevic
- School of Natural Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, Einstein Drive, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, USA
| | - Kimberly K Boddy
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA, Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
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Zhan H, Anthony Tyson J. Cosmology with the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope: an overview. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2018; 81:066901. [PMID: 29473548 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/aab1bd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) is a high étendue imaging facility that is being constructed atop Cerro Pachón in northern Chile. It is scheduled to begin science operations in 2022. With an [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text] effective) aperture, a novel three-mirror design achieving a seeing-limited [Formula: see text] field of view, and a 3.2 gigapixel camera, the LSST has the deep-wide-fast imaging capability necessary to carry out an [Formula: see text] survey in six passbands (ugrizy) to a coadded depth of [Formula: see text] over 10 years using [Formula: see text] of its observational time. The remaining [Formula: see text] of the time will be devoted to considerably deeper and faster time-domain observations and smaller surveys. In total, each patch of the sky in the main survey will receive 800 visits allocated across the six passbands with [Formula: see text] exposure visits. The huge volume of high-quality LSST data will provide a wide range of science opportunities and, in particular, open a new era of precision cosmology with unprecedented statistical power and tight control of systematic errors. In this review, we give a brief account of the LSST cosmology program with an emphasis on dark energy investigations. The LSST will address dark energy physics and cosmology in general by exploiting diverse precision probes including large-scale structure, weak lensing, type Ia supernovae, galaxy clusters, and strong lensing. Combined with the cosmic microwave background data, these probes form interlocking tests on the cosmological model and the nature of dark energy in the presence of various systematics. The LSST data products will be made available to the US and Chilean scientific communities and to international partners with no proprietary period. Close collaborations with contemporaneous imaging and spectroscopy surveys observing at a variety of wavelengths, resolutions, depths, and timescales will be a vital part of the LSST science program, which will not only enhance specific studies but, more importantly, also allow a more complete understanding of the Universe through different windows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Zhan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Space Astronomy and Technology, National Astronomical Observatories, A20 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100012, People's Republic of China
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Cai RG, Liu TB, Liu XW, Wang SJ, Yang T. Probing cosmic anisotropy with gravitational waves as standard sirens. Int J Clin Exp Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.97.103005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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6
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Kopp M, Skordis C, Thomas DB. Extensive investigation of the generalized dark matter model. Int J Clin Exp Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.94.043512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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7
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Feix M, Nusser A, Branchini E. Growth Rate of Cosmological Perturbations at z∼0.1 from a New Observational Test. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 115:011301. [PMID: 26182087 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.011301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Spatial variations in the distribution of galaxy luminosities, estimated from redshifts as distance proxies, are correlated with the peculiar velocity field. Comparing these variations with the peculiar velocities inferred from galaxy redshift surveys is a powerful test of gravity and dark-energy theories on cosmological scales. Using ∼2×10(5) galaxies from the SDSS Data Release 7, we perform this test in the framework of gravitational instability to estimate the normalized growth rate of density perturbations fσ8=0.37±0.13 at z∼0.1, which is in agreement with the cold dark matter model with a cosmological constant. This unique measurement is complementary to those obtained with more traditional methods, including clustering analysis. The estimated accuracy at z∼0.1 is competitive with other methods when applied to similar data sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Feix
- Department of Physics, Israel Institute of Technology-Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Adi Nusser
- Department of Physics, Israel Institute of Technology-Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel
- Asher Space Science Institute, Israel Institute of Technology-Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Enzo Branchini
- Department of Physics, Università Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 84, Rome 00146, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Roma 3, Via della Vasca Navale 84, Rome 00146, Italy
- INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Monte Porzio Catone, Italy
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8
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Hikage C. Constraining halo occupation distribution and cosmic growth rate using multipole power spectrum. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/mnrasl/slu038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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9
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Macaulay E, Wehus IK, Eriksen HK. Lower growth rate from recent redshift space distortion measurements than expected from Planck. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:161301. [PMID: 24182250 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.161301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 08/31/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We perform a metastudy of recently published redshift space distortion (RSD) measurements of the cosmological growth rate, f(z)σ8(z). We analyze the latest results from the 6dFGS, BOSS, LRG, WiggleZ, and VIPERS galaxy redshift surveys, and compare the measurements to expectations from Planck. In this Letter we point out that the RSD measurements are consistently lower than the values expected from Planck, and the relative scatter between the RSD measurements is lower than expected. A full resolution of this issue may require a more robust treatment of nonlinear effects in RSD models, although the trend for a low σ8 agrees with recent constraints on σ8 and Ω(m) from Sunyaev-Zeldovich cluster counts identified in Planck.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Macaulay
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer BN1 9QH, United Kingdom and Astrophysics, University of Oxford, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
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11
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Murphy TW. Lunar laser ranging: the millimeter challenge. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2013; 76:076901. [PMID: 23764926 DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/76/7/076901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Lunar laser ranging has provided many of the best tests of gravitation since the first Apollo astronauts landed on the Moon. The march to higher precision continues to this day, now entering the millimeter regime, and promising continued improvement in scientific results. This review introduces key aspects of the technique, details the motivations, observables, and results for a variety of science objectives, summarizes the current state of the art, highlights new developments in the field, describes the modeling challenges, and looks to the future of the enterprise.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Murphy
- Center for Astrophysics and Space Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0424, USA.
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13
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Turyshev SG, Toth VT. The Pioneer Anomaly. LIVING REVIEWS IN RELATIVITY 2010; 13:4. [PMID: 28163614 PMCID: PMC5255541 DOI: 10.12942/lrr-2010-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2010] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Radio-metric Doppler tracking data received from the Pioneer 10 and 11 spacecraft from heliocentric distances of 20-70 AU has consistently indicated the presence of a small, anomalous, blue-shifted frequency drift uniformly changing with a rate of ∼ 6 × 10-9 Hz/s. Ultimately, the drift was interpreted as a constant sunward deceleration of each particular spacecraft at the level of aP = (8.74 ± 1.33) × 10-10 m/s2. This apparent violation of the Newton's gravitational inverse-square law has become known as the Pioneer anomaly; the nature of this anomaly remains unexplained. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the physical properties of the anomaly and the conditions that led to its detection and characterization. We review various mechanisms proposed to explain the anomaly and discuss the current state of efforts to determine its nature. A comprehensive new investigation of the anomalous behavior of the two Pioneers has begun recently. The new efforts rely on the much-extended set of radio-metric Doppler data for both spacecraft in conjunction with the newly available complete record of their telemetry files and a large archive of original project documentation. As the new study is yet to report its findings, this review provides the necessary background for the new results to appear in the near future. In particular, we provide a significant amount of information on the design, operations and behavior of the two Pioneers during their entire missions, including descriptions of various data formats and techniques used for their navigation and radio-science data analysis. As most of this information was recovered relatively recently, it was not used in the previous studies of the Pioneer anomaly, but it is critical for the new investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slava G Turyshev
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
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14
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Steinmetz T, Wilken T, Araujo-Hauck C, Holzwarth R, Hansch TW, Pasquini L, Manescau A, D'Odorico S, Murphy MT, Kentischer T, Schmidt W, Udem T. Laser Frequency Combs for Astronomical Observations. Science 2008; 321:1335-7. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1161030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 491] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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15
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Takahashi R, Tanimoto M. False vacuum in the supersymmetric mass varying neutrinos model. Int J Clin Exp Med 2008. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.77.045015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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16
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A test of the nature of cosmic acceleration using galaxy redshift distortions. Nature 2008; 451:541-4. [PMID: 18235494 DOI: 10.1038/nature06555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 512] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2007] [Accepted: 12/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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Takahashi R, Tanimoto M. Effect of supersymmetry breaking in the mass varying neutrinos. Int J Clin Exp Med 2006. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.74.055002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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18
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Yamamoto K, Bassett BA, Nishioka H. Dark energy reflections in the redshift-space quadrupole. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 94:051301. [PMID: 15783627 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.051301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We show that the redshift-space quadrupole will be a powerful tool for constraining dark energy even if the baryon oscillations are missing from the monopole power spectrum and bias is scale and time dependent. We calculate the accuracy with which next-generation galaxy surveys such as KAOS will measure the quadrupole power spectrum, which gives the leading anisotropies in the power spectrum in redshift space due to linear velocity, and the so-called "Finger of God" and Alcock-Paczynski effects. Combining the monopole and quadrupole power spectra, in the complete absence of baryon oscillations (Omegab=0), leads to a roughly 500% improvement in constraints on dark energy compared with those from the monopole spectrum alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Yamamoto
- Department of Physical Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
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Abstract
The past 20 years have seen dramatic advances in cosmology, mostly driven by observations from new telescopes and detectors. These instruments have allowed astronomers to map out the large-scale structure of the Universe and probe the very early stages of its evolution. We seem to have established the basic parameters describing the behaviour of our expanding Universe, thereby putting cosmology on a firm empirical footing. But the emerging 'standard' model leaves many details of galaxy formation still to be worked out, and new ideas are emerging that challenge the theoretical framework on which the structure of the Big Bang is based. There is still a great deal left to explore in cosmology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Coles
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
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20
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Vortex formation and dynamics in superfluid 3He and analogies in quantum field theory. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6417(05)15001-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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21
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Bucher M, Dunkley J, Ferreira PG, Moodley K, Skordis C. Initial conditions of the universe: how much isocurvature is allowed? PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 93:081301. [PMID: 15447170 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.081301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the constraints imposed by current data on correlated mixtures of adiabatic and nonadiabatic primordial perturbations. We discover subtle flat directions in parameter space that tolerate large (approximately 60%) fractions of nonadiabatic fluctuations. In particular, larger values of the baryon density and a spectral tilt are allowed. The cancellations in the degenerate directions are explored and the role of priors is elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bucher
- DAMTP, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, University of Cambridge, Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 0WA, United Kingdom
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Lahav O, Suto Y. Measuring our Universe from Galaxy Redshift Surveys. LIVING REVIEWS IN RELATIVITY 2004; 7:8. [PMID: 28163643 PMCID: PMC5253994 DOI: 10.12942/lrr-2004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2004] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Galaxy redshift surveys have achieved significant progress over the last couple of decades. Those surveys tell us in the most straightforward way what our local Universe looks like. While the galaxy distribution traces the bright side of the Universe, detailed quantitative analyses of the data have even revealed the dark side of the Universe dominated by non-baryonic dark matter as well as more mysterious dark energy (or Einstein's cosmological constant). We describe several methodologies of using galaxy redshift surveys as cosmological probes, and then summarize the recent results from the existing surveys. Finally we present our views on the future of redshift surveys in the era of precision cosmology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofer Lahav
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
- Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HA UK
| | - Yasushi Suto
- Department of Physics and Research Center for the Early Universe, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
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23
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Sigurdson K, Kamionkowski M. Charged-particle decay and suppression of primordial power on small scales. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 92:171302. [PMID: 15169137 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.171302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We study the suppression of the small-scale power spectrum due to the decay of charged matter to dark matter prior to recombination. Prior to decay, the charged particles couple to the photon-baryon fluid and participate in its acoustic oscillations. However, after these charged particles decay to neutral dark matter, the photon-baryon fluid is coupled only gravitationally to the newly created dark matter. This generically leads to suppression of power on length scales that enter the horizon prior to decay. For decay times of approximately 3.5 yr this leads to suppression of power on subgalactic scales, bringing the observed number of galactic substructures in line with observation. Decay times of a few years are possible if the dark matter is purely gravitationally interacting, such as the gravitino in supersymmetric models or a massive Kaluza-Klein graviton in models with universal extra dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kris Sigurdson
- California Institute of Technology, Mail Code 130-33, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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Crotty P, García-Bellido J, Lesgourgues J, Riazuelo A. Bounds on isocurvature perturbations from cosmic microwave background and large scale structure data. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2003; 91:171301. [PMID: 14611330 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.171301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We obtain very stringent bounds on the possible cold dark matter, baryon, and neutrino isocurvature contributions to the primordial fluctuations in the Universe, using recent cosmic microwave background and large scale structure data. Neglecting the possible effects of spatial curvature, tensor perturbations, and reionization, we perform a Bayesian likelihood analysis with nine free parameters, and find that the amplitude of the isocurvature component cannot be larger than about 31% for the cold dark matter mode, 91% for the baryon mode, 76% for the neutrino density mode, and 60% for the neutrino velocity mode, at 2sigma, for uncorrelated models. For correlated adiabatic and isocurvature components, the fraction could be slightly larger. However, the cross-correlation coefficient is strongly constrained, and maximally correlated/anticorrelated models are disfavored. This puts strong bounds on the curvaton model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Crotty
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique LAPTH, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux Cedex, France
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mitton
- St Edmund's College, University of Cambridge, UK.
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