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Aurora kinase A inhibition induces synthetic lethality in SMAD4-deficient colorectal cancer cells via spindle assembly checkpoint activation. Oncogene 2022; 41:2734-2748. [PMID: 35393542 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02293-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
SMAD4 loss-of-function mutations have been frequently observed in colorectal cancer (CRC) and are recognized as a drug target for therapeutic exploitation. In this study, we performed a synthetic lethal drug screening with SMAD4-isogenic CRC cells and found that aurora kinase A (AURKA) inhibition is synthetic lethal with SMAD4 loss. Inhibition of AURKA selectively inhibited the growth of SMAD4-/- CRC in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, SMAD4 negatively regulated AURKA level, resulting in the significant elevation of AURKA in SMAD4-/- CRC cells. Inhibition of AURKA induced G2/M cell cycle delay in SMAD4+/+ CRC cells, but induced apoptosis in SMAD4-/- CRC cells. We further observed that a high level of AURKA in SMAD4-/- CRC cells led to abnormal mitotic spindles, leading to cellular aneuploidy. Moreover, SMAD4-/- CRC cells expressed high levels of spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) proteins, suggesting the hyperactivation of SAC. The silencing of key SAC proteins significantly rescued the AURKA inhibition-induced cell death in SMAD4-/- cells, suggesting that SMAD4-/- CRC cells are hyper-dependent on AURKA activity for mitotic exit and survival during SAC hyperactivation. This study presents a unique synthetic lethal interaction between SMAD4 and AURKA and suggests that AURKA could be a potential drug target in SMAD4-deficient CRC.
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Li J, Zormpas-Petridis K, Boult JKR, Reeves EL, Heindl A, Vinci M, Lopes F, Cummings C, Springer CJ, Chesler L, Jones C, Bamber JC, Yuan Y, Sinkus R, Jamin Y, Robinson SP. Investigating the Contribution of Collagen to the Tumor Biomechanical Phenotype with Noninvasive Magnetic Resonance Elastography. Cancer Res 2019; 79:5874-5883. [PMID: 31604713 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-1595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Increased stiffness in the extracellular matrix (ECM) contributes to tumor progression and metastasis. Therefore, stromal modulating therapies and accompanying biomarkers are being developed to target ECM stiffness. Magnetic resonance (MR) elastography can noninvasively and quantitatively map the viscoelastic properties of tumors in vivo and thus has clear clinical applications. Herein, we used MR elastography, coupled with computational histopathology, to interrogate the contribution of collagen to the tumor biomechanical phenotype and to evaluate its sensitivity to collagenase-induced stromal modulation. Elasticity (G d) and viscosity (G l) were significantly greater for orthotopic BT-474 (G d = 5.9 ± 0.2 kPa, G l = 4.7 ± 0.2 kPa, n = 7) and luc-MDA-MB-231-LM2-4 (G d = 7.9 ± 0.4 kPa, G l = 6.0 ± 0.2 kPa, n = 6) breast cancer xenografts, and luc-PANC1 (G d = 6.9 ± 0.3 kPa, G l = 6.2 ± 0.2 kPa, n = 7) pancreatic cancer xenografts, compared with tumors associated with the nervous system, including GTML/Trp53KI/KI medulloblastoma (G d = 3.5 ± 0.2 kPa, G l = 2.3 ± 0.2 kPa, n = 7), orthotopic luc-D-212-MG (G d = 3.5 ± 0.2 kPa, G l = 2.3 ± 0.2 kPa, n = 7), luc-RG2 (G d = 3.5 ± 0.2 kPa, G l = 2.3 ± 0.2 kPa, n = 5), and luc-U-87-MG (G d = 3.5 ± 0.2 kPa, G l = 2.3 ± 0.2 kPa, n = 8) glioblastoma xenografts, intracranially propagated luc-MDA-MB-231-LM2-4 (G d = 3.7 ± 0.2 kPa, G l = 2.2 ± 0.1 kPa, n = 7) breast cancer xenografts, and Th-MYCN neuroblastomas (G d = 3.5 ± 0.2 kPa, G l = 2.3 ± 0.2 kPa, n = 5). Positive correlations between both elasticity (r = 0.72, P < 0.0001) and viscosity (r = 0.78, P < 0.0001) were determined with collagen fraction, but not with cellular or vascular density. Treatment with collagenase significantly reduced G d (P = 0.002) and G l (P = 0.0006) in orthotopic breast tumors. Texture analysis of extracted images of picrosirius red staining revealed significant negative correlations of entropy with G d (r = -0.69, P < 0.0001) and G l (r = -0.76, P < 0.0001), and positive correlations of fractal dimension with G d (r = 0.75, P < 0.0001) and G l (r = 0.78, P < 0.0001). MR elastography can thus provide sensitive imaging biomarkers of tumor collagen deposition and its therapeutic modulation. SIGNIFICANCE: MR elastography enables noninvasive detection of tumor stiffness and will aid in the development of ECM-targeting therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jessica K R Boult
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emma L Reeves
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Heindl
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Vinci
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Filipa Lopes
- Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Craig Cummings
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline J Springer
- Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Louis Chesler
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Jones
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey C Bamber
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yinyin Yuan
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ralph Sinkus
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yann Jamin
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Simon P Robinson
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.
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Jerome NP, Boult JKR, Orton MR, d'Arcy JA, Nerurkar A, Leach MO, Koh DM, Collins DJ, Robinson SP. Characterisation of fibrosis in chemically-induced rat mammary carcinomas using multi-modal endogenous contrast MRI on a 1.5T clinical platform. Eur Radiol 2018; 28:1642-1653. [PMID: 29038934 PMCID: PMC5834566 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-017-5083-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the ability of multi-parametric, endogenous contrast MRI to detect and quantify fibrosis in a chemically-induced rat model of mammary carcinoma. METHODS Female Sprague-Dawley rats (n=18) were administered with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea; resulting mammary carcinomas underwent nine-b-value diffusion-weighted (DWI), ultrashort-echo (UTE) and magnetisation transfer (MT) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on a clinical 1.5T platform, and associated quantitative MR parameters were calculated. Excised tumours were histologically assessed for degree of necrosis, collagen, hypoxia and microvessel density. Significance level adjusted for multiple comparisons was p=0.0125. RESULTS Significant correlations were found between MT parameters and degree of picrosirius red staining (r > 0.85, p < 0.0002 for ka and δ, r < -0.75, p < 0.001 for T1 and T1s, Pearson), indicating that MT is sensitive to collagen content in mammary carcinoma. Picrosirius red also correlated with the DWI parameter fD* (r=0.801, p=0.0004) and conventional gradient-echo T2* (r=-0.660, p=0.0055). Percentage necrosis correlated moderately with ultrashort/conventional-echo signal ratio (r=0.620, p=0.0105). Pimonidazole adduct (hypoxia) and CD31 (microvessel density) staining did not correlate with any MR parameter assessed. CONCLUSIONS Magnetisation transfer MRI successfully detects collagen content in mammary carcinoma, supporting inclusion of MT imaging to identify fibrosis, a prognostic marker, in clinical breast MRI examinations. KEY POINTS • Magnetisation transfer imaging is sensitive to collagen content in mammary carcinoma. • Magnetisation transfer imaging to detect fibrosis in mammary carcinoma fibrosis is feasible. • IVIM diffusion does not correlate with microvessel density in preclinical mammary carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil P Jerome
- CR-UK Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Jessica K R Boult
- CR-UK Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Matthew R Orton
- CR-UK Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - James A d'Arcy
- CR-UK Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Ashutosh Nerurkar
- Department of Histopathology, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - Martin O Leach
- CR-UK Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Dow-Mu Koh
- CR-UK Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
- Department of Radiology, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SM2 5PT, UK
| | - David J Collins
- CR-UK Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Simon P Robinson
- CR-UK Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK.
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Scherer A. Reproducibility in biomarker research and clinical development: a global challenge. Biomark Med 2017; 11:309-312. [PMID: 28290208 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2017-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Scherer
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,EATRIS ERIC, The European Infrastructure for Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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O'Connor JPB, Aboagye EO, Adams JE, Aerts HJWL, Barrington SF, Beer AJ, Boellaard R, Bohndiek SE, Brady M, Brown G, Buckley DL, Chenevert TL, Clarke LP, Collette S, Cook GJ, deSouza NM, Dickson JC, Dive C, Evelhoch JL, Faivre-Finn C, Gallagher FA, Gilbert FJ, Gillies RJ, Goh V, Griffiths JR, Groves AM, Halligan S, Harris AL, Hawkes DJ, Hoekstra OS, Huang EP, Hutton BF, Jackson EF, Jayson GC, Jones A, Koh DM, Lacombe D, Lambin P, Lassau N, Leach MO, Lee TY, Leen EL, Lewis JS, Liu Y, Lythgoe MF, Manoharan P, Maxwell RJ, Miles KA, Morgan B, Morris S, Ng T, Padhani AR, Parker GJM, Partridge M, Pathak AP, Peet AC, Punwani S, Reynolds AR, Robinson SP, Shankar LK, Sharma RA, Soloviev D, Stroobants S, Sullivan DC, Taylor SA, Tofts PS, Tozer GM, van Herk M, Walker-Samuel S, Wason J, Williams KJ, Workman P, Yankeelov TE, Brindle KM, McShane LM, Jackson A, Waterton JC. Imaging biomarker roadmap for cancer studies. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2017; 14:169-186. [PMID: 27725679 PMCID: PMC5378302 DOI: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2016.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 688] [Impact Index Per Article: 98.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Imaging biomarkers (IBs) are integral to the routine management of patients with cancer. IBs used daily in oncology include clinical TNM stage, objective response and left ventricular ejection fraction. Other CT, MRI, PET and ultrasonography biomarkers are used extensively in cancer research and drug development. New IBs need to be established either as useful tools for testing research hypotheses in clinical trials and research studies, or as clinical decision-making tools for use in healthcare, by crossing 'translational gaps' through validation and qualification. Important differences exist between IBs and biospecimen-derived biomarkers and, therefore, the development of IBs requires a tailored 'roadmap'. Recognizing this need, Cancer Research UK (CRUK) and the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) assembled experts to review, debate and summarize the challenges of IB validation and qualification. This consensus group has produced 14 key recommendations for accelerating the clinical translation of IBs, which highlight the role of parallel (rather than sequential) tracks of technical (assay) validation, biological/clinical validation and assessment of cost-effectiveness; the need for IB standardization and accreditation systems; the need to continually revisit IB precision; an alternative framework for biological/clinical validation of IBs; and the essential requirements for multicentre studies to qualify IBs for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P B O'Connor
- CRUK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre in Cambridge and Manchester, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Eric O Aboagye
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Judith E Adams
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Hugo J W L Aerts
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sally F Barrington
- CRUK and EPSRC Comprehensive Imaging Centre at KCL and UCL, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Ambros J Beer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ronald Boellaard
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah E Bohndiek
- CRUK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre in Cambridge and Manchester, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michael Brady
- CRUK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Gina Brown
- Radiology Department, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - David L Buckley
- Division of Biomedical Imaging, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | | | | | - Gary J Cook
- CRUK and EPSRC Comprehensive Imaging Centre at KCL and UCL, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Nandita M deSouza
- CRUK Cancer Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - John C Dickson
- CRUK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre at KCL and UCL, University College London, London, UK
| | - Caroline Dive
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, CRUK Manchester Institute, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Corinne Faivre-Finn
- Radiotherapy Related Research Group, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ferdia A Gallagher
- CRUK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre in Cambridge and Manchester, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Fiona J Gilbert
- CRUK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre in Cambridge and Manchester, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Vicky Goh
- CRUK and EPSRC Comprehensive Imaging Centre at KCL and UCL, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - John R Griffiths
- CRUK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre in Cambridge and Manchester, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ashley M Groves
- CRUK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre at KCL and UCL, University College London, London, UK
| | - Steve Halligan
- CRUK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre at KCL and UCL, University College London, London, UK
| | - Adrian L Harris
- CRUK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David J Hawkes
- CRUK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre at KCL and UCL, University College London, London, UK
| | - Otto S Hoekstra
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erich P Huang
- Biometric Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Brian F Hutton
- CRUK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre at KCL and UCL, University College London, London, UK
| | - Edward F Jackson
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Gordon C Jayson
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew Jones
- Medical Physics, The Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Dow-Mu Koh
- CRUK Cancer Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Philippe Lambin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Nathalie Lassau
- Department of Imaging, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Martin O Leach
- CRUK Cancer Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Ting-Yim Lee
- Imaging Research Labs, Robarts Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edward L Leen
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Jason S Lewis
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Yan Liu
- EORTC Headquarters, EORTC, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mark F Lythgoe
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, University College London, London, UK
| | - Prakash Manoharan
- CRUK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre in Cambridge and Manchester, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ross J Maxwell
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Kenneth A Miles
- CRUK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre at KCL and UCL, University College London, London, UK
| | - Bruno Morgan
- Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Steve Morris
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Tony Ng
- CRUK and EPSRC Comprehensive Imaging Centre at KCL and UCL, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Anwar R Padhani
- Paul Strickland Scanner Centre, Mount Vernon Hospital, London, UK
| | - Geoff J M Parker
- CRUK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre in Cambridge and Manchester, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Mike Partridge
- CRUK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Arvind P Pathak
- Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Andrew C Peet
- Institute of Cancer and Genomics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Shonit Punwani
- CRUK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre at KCL and UCL, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew R Reynolds
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Simon P Robinson
- CRUK Cancer Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Ricky A Sharma
- CRUK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre at KCL and UCL, University College London, London, UK
| | - Dmitry Soloviev
- CRUK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre in Cambridge and Manchester, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sigrid Stroobants
- Molecular Imaging Center Antwerp, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Daniel C Sullivan
- Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Stuart A Taylor
- CRUK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre at KCL and UCL, University College London, London, UK
| | - Paul S Tofts
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Gillian M Tozer
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Marcel van Herk
- Radiotherapy Related Research Group, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Simon Walker-Samuel
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Kaye J Williams
- CRUK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre in Cambridge and Manchester, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Paul Workman
- CRUK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Thomas E Yankeelov
- Institute of Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas, Austin, TX
| | - Kevin M Brindle
- CRUK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre in Cambridge and Manchester, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lisa M McShane
- Biometric Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Alan Jackson
- CRUK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre in Cambridge and Manchester, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - John C Waterton
- CRUK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre in Cambridge and Manchester, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Burrell JS, Walker-Samuel S, Boult JK, Baker LC, Jamin Y, Halliday J, Waterton JC, Robinson SP. Investigating the Vascular Phenotype of Subcutaneously and Orthotopically Propagated PC3 Prostate Cancer Xenografts Using Combined Carbogen Ultrasmall Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide MRI. Top Magn Reson Imaging 2016; 25:237-243. [PMID: 27748709 PMCID: PMC5068556 DOI: 10.1097/rmr.0000000000000102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to use the combined carbogen-ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (CUSPIO) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method, which uses spatial correlations in independent susceptibility imaging biomarkers, to investigate and compare the impact of tumor size and anatomical site on vascular structure and function in vivo. Mice bearing either subcutaneous or orthotopic PC3 LN3 prostate tumors were imaged at 7 T, using a multi-gradient echo sequence to quantify R2, before and during carbogen (95% O2/5% CO2) breathing, and subsequently following intravenous administration of USPIO particles. Carbogen and USPIO-induced changes in R2 were used to inform on hemodynamic vasculature and fractional blood volume (%), respectively. The CUSPIO imaging data were also segmented to identify and assess five categories of R2 response. Small and large subcutaneous and orthotopic tumor cohorts all exhibited significantly (P < 0.05) different median baseline R2, ΔR2carbogen, and fractional blood volume. CUSPIO imaging showed that small subcutaneous tumors predominantly exhibited a negative ΔR2carbogen followed by a positive ΔR2USPIO, consistent with a well perfused tumor vasculature. Large subcutaneous tumors exhibited a small positive ΔR2carbogen and relatively low fractional blood volume, suggesting less functional vasculature. Orthotopic tumors revealed a large, positive ΔR2carbogen, consistent with vascular steal, and which may indicate that vascular function is more dependent on site of implantation than tumor size. Regions exhibiting significant ΔR2carbogen, but no significant ΔR2USPIO, suggesting transient vascular shutdown over the experimental timecourse, were apparent in all 3 cohorts. CUSPIO imaging can inform on efficient drug delivery via functional vasculature in vivo, and on appropriate tumor model selection for pre-clinical therapy trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake S. Burrell
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, Surrey
| | - Simon Walker-Samuel
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, Surrey
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Department of Medicine and Institute of Child Health, University College London, London
| | - Jessica K.R. Boult
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, Surrey
| | - Lauren C.J. Baker
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, Surrey
| | - Yann Jamin
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, Surrey
| | - Jane Halliday
- R&D Personalised Healthcare & Biomarkers, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, UK
| | - John C. Waterton
- R&D Personalised Healthcare & Biomarkers, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Simon P. Robinson
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, Surrey
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7
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Emblem KE, Farrar CT, Gerstner ER, Batchelor TT, Borra RJH, Rosen BR, Sorensen AG, Jain RK. Vessel caliber--a potential MRI biomarker of tumour response in clinical trials. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2014; 11:566-84. [PMID: 25113840 PMCID: PMC4445139 DOI: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2014.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Our understanding of the importance of blood vessels and angiogenesis in cancer has increased considerably over the past decades, and the assessment of tumour vessel calibre and structure has become increasingly important for in vivo monitoring of therapeutic response. The preferred method for in vivo imaging of most solid cancers is MRI, and the concept of vessel-calibre MRI has evolved since its initial inception in the early 1990s. Almost a quarter of a century later, unlike traditional contrast-enhanced MRI techniques, vessel-calibre MRI remains widely inaccessible to the general clinical community. The narrow availability of the technique is, in part, attributable to limited awareness and a lack of imaging standardization. Thus, the role of vessel-calibre MRI in early phase clinical trials remains to be determined. By contrast, regulatory approvals of antiangiogenic agents that are not directly cytotoxic have created an urgent need for clinical trials incorporating advanced imaging analyses, going beyond traditional assessments of tumour volume. To this end, we review the field of vessel-calibre MRI and summarize the emerging evidence supporting the use of this technique to monitor response to anticancer therapy. We also discuss the potential use of this biomarker assessment in clinical imaging trials and highlight relevant avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyrre E Emblem
- The Intervention Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Christian T Farrar
- Department of Radiology and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Gerstner
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 100 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Tracy T Batchelor
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 100 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ronald J H Borra
- Department of Radiology and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Bruce R Rosen
- Department of Radiology and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - A Gregory Sorensen
- Siemens Healthcare Health Services, 51 Valley Stream Parkway, Malvern, PA 19355, USA
| | - Rakesh K Jain
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 100 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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8
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Li J, Jamin Y, Boult JKR, Cummings C, Waterton JC, Ulloa J, Sinkus R, Bamber JC, Robinson SP. Tumour biomechanical response to the vascular disrupting agent ZD6126 in vivo assessed by magnetic resonance elastography. Br J Cancer 2014; 110:1727-32. [PMID: 24569471 PMCID: PMC3974089 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is an emerging imaging technique that affords non-invasive quantitative assessment and visualization of tissue mechanical properties in vivo. METHODS In this study, MRE was used to quantify (kPa) the absolute value of the complex shear modulus |G*|, elasticity Gd and viscosity Gl of SW620 human colorectal cancer xenografts before and 24 h after treatment with either 200 mg kg(-1) of the vascular disrupting agent ZD6126 (N-acetylcolchinol-O-phosphate) or vehicle control, and the data were compared with changes in water diffusivity measured by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS A heterogeneous distribution of |G*|, Gd and Gl was observed pre-treatment with an intertumoral coefficient of variation of 13% for |G*|. There were no significant changes in the vehicle-treated cohort. In contrast, ZD6126 induced a significant decrease in the tumour-averaged |G*| (P<0.01), Gd (P<0.01) and Gl (P<0.05), and this was associated with histologically confirmed central necrosis. This reduction in tumour viscoelasticity occurred at a time when no significant change in tumour apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was observed. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that MRE can provide early imaging biomarkers for treatment-induced tumour necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Li
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Belmont, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Y Jamin
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Belmont, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - J K R Boult
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Belmont, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - C Cummings
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Belmont, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - J C Waterton
- Personalised Healthcare and Biomarkers, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, UK
| | - J Ulloa
- Personalised Healthcare and Biomarkers, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, UK
| | - R Sinkus
- BHF Centre of Excellence, Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, King's Health Partners, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - J C Bamber
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Belmont, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - S P Robinson
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Belmont, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
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Current World Literature. Curr Opin Urol 2013. [DOI: 10.1097/mou.0b013e3283605159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Boult JKR, Terkelsen J, Walker-Samuel S, Bradley DP, Robinson SP. A multi-parametric imaging investigation of the response of C6 glioma xenografts to MLN0518 (tandutinib) treatment. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63024. [PMID: 23638177 PMCID: PMC3637165 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the development of new blood vessels, is essential for tumour growth; this process is stimulated by the secretion of numerous growth factors including platelet derived growth factor (PDGF). PDGF signalling, through its receptor platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), is involved in vessel maturation, stimulation of angiogenesis and upregulation of other angiogenic factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). PDGFR is a promising target for anti-cancer therapy because it is expressed on both tumour cells and stromal cells associated with the vasculature. MLN0518 (tandutinib) is a potent inhibitor of type III receptor tyrosine kinases that demonstrates activity against PDGFRα/β, FLT3 and c-KIT. In this study a multi-parametric MRI and histopathological approach was used to interrogate changes in vascular haemodynamics, structural response and hypoxia in C6 glioma xenografts in response to treatment with MLN0518. The doubling time of tumours in mice treated with MLN0518 was significantly longer than tumours in vehicle treated mice. The perfused vessel area, number of alpha smooth muscle actin positive vessels and hypoxic area in MLN0518 treated tumours were also significantly lower after 10 days treatment. These changes were not accompanied by alterations in vessel calibre or fractional blood volume as assessed using susceptibility contrast MRI. Histological assessment of vessel size and total perfused area did not demonstrate any change with treatment. Intrinsic susceptibility MRI did not reveal any difference in baseline R2* or carbogen-induced change in R2*. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI revealed anti-vascular effects of MLN0518 following 3 days treatment. Hypoxia confers chemo- and radio-resistance, and alongside PDGF, is implicated in evasive resistance to agents targeted against VEGF signalling. PDGFR antagonists may improve potency and efficacy of other therapeutics in combination. This study highlights the challenges of identifying appropriate quantitative imaging response biomarkers in heterogeneous models, particularly considering the multifaceted roles of angiogenic growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica K R Boult
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom.
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