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PTPN18 promotes colorectal cancer progression by regulating the c-MYC-CDK4 axis. Genes Dis 2021; 8:838-848. [PMID: 34522712 PMCID: PMC8427258 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 18 (PTPN18) is often highly expressed in colorectal cancer (CRC), but its role in this disease remains unclear. We demonstrated that PTPN18 overexpression promotes growth and tumorigenesis in CRC cells and that PTPN18 deficiency yields the opposite results in vitro. Moreover, a xenograft assay showed that PTPN18 deficiency significantly inhibited tumorigenesis in vivo. PTPN18 activated the MYC signaling pathway and enhanced CDK4 expression, which is tightly associated with the cell cycle and proliferation in cancer cells. Finally, we found that MYC interacted with PTPN18 and increased the protein level of MYC. In conclusion, our results suggest that PTPN18 promotes CRC development by stabilizing the MYC protein level, which in turn activates the MYC-CDK4 axis. Thus, PTPN18 could be a novel therapeutic target in the future.
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Xu YF, Chen X, Yang Z, Xiao P, Liu CH, Li KS, Yang XZ, Wang YJ, Zhu ZL, Xu ZG, Zhang S, Wang C, Song YC, Zhao WD, Wang CH, Ji ZL, Zhang ZY, Cui M, Sun JP, Yu X. PTP-MEG2 regulates quantal size and fusion pore opening through two distinct structural bases and substrates. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e52141. [PMID: 33764618 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202052141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine phosphorylation of secretion machinery proteins is a crucial regulatory mechanism for exocytosis. However, the participation of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) in different exocytosis stages has not been defined. Here we demonstrate that PTP-MEG2 controls multiple steps of catecholamine secretion. Biochemical and crystallographic analyses reveal key residues that govern the interaction between PTP-MEG2 and its substrate, a peptide containing the phosphorylated NSF-pY83 site, specify PTP-MEG2 substrate selectivity, and modulate the fusion of catecholamine-containing vesicles. Unexpectedly, delineation of PTP-MEG2 mutants along with the NSF binding interface reveals that PTP-MEG2 controls the fusion pore opening through NSF independent mechanisms. Utilizing bioinformatics search and biochemical and electrochemical screening approaches, we uncover that PTP-MEG2 regulates the opening and extension of the fusion pore by dephosphorylating the DYNAMIN2-pY125 and MUNC18-1-pY145 sites. Further structural and biochemical analyses confirmed the interaction of PTP-MEG2 with MUNC18-1-pY145 or DYNAMIN2-pY125 through a distinct structural basis compared with that of the NSF-pY83 site. Our studies thus provide mechanistic insights in complex exocytosis processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Fei Xu
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China.,Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhao Yang
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chun-Hua Liu
- Department of Physiology, Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Kang-Shuai Li
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China.,Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao-Zhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yi-Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhong-Liang Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Xu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and of Chemistry, Center for Cancer Research, and Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - You-Chen Song
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Wei-Dong Zhao
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chang-He Wang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhi-Liang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhong-Yin Zhang
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and of Chemistry, Center for Cancer Research, and Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Min Cui
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jin-Peng Sun
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
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Li H, Yang F, Liu C, Xiao P, Xu Y, Liang Z, Liu C, Wang H, Wang W, Zheng W, Zhang W, Ma X, He D, Song X, Cui F, Xu Z, Yi F, Sun JP, Yu X. Crystal Structure and Substrate Specificity of PTPN12. Cell Rep 2016; 15:1345-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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