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Wang Z, Qiu L, Lin M, Chen L, Zheng F, Lin L, Lin F, Ye Z, Lin X, He J, Wang L, Lin X, He Q, Chen W, Lin Y, Fu Y, Wang N. Prevalence and disease progression of genetically-confirmed facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy type 1 (FSHD1) in China between 2001 and 2020: a nationwide population-based study. Lancet Reg Health West Pac 2022; 18:100323. [PMID: 35024656 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2021.100323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy type 1 (FSHD1) is a rare disease, which is often underdiagnosed due to its heterogeneous presentations and complex molecular genetic basis, leading to a lack of population-based epidemiology data, especially of prevalence and disease progression. Methods Fujian Neuromedical Centre (FNMC) is a diagnosis centre for clinical-genetic FSHD in China, and the only one employing pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE)-based Southern blotting for all FSHD1 genetic tests. Three sources distributed across all six spatial zones in China, were used to obtain information regarding FSHD1 events, namely, FNMC, Genetic and Myopathy Group (branches of the Neurology Society of the Chinese Medical Association), and "FSHD-China" (an organization supported by FSHD patients). During 2001-2020, all genetically-confirmed FSHD1 from China were registered in FNMC. Follow-up was conducted in the 20-year period to obtain data on disease progression, which was mainly described in terms of independent ambulation loss. Findings Of the 1,744 FSHD1 genetic tests (total test number 1,802) included in the analysis, 997 (57.2%) patients from 620 families were diagnosed with FSHD1. The estimated prevalence of genetically-confirmed FSHD1 in China is 0.75 per million (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.70-0.79) during 2001-2020, with 0.78 (95% CI, 0.72-0.85) in males and 0.71 (95% CI, 0.65-0.78) in females. The estimated prevalence increased from 0.22 (95% CI, 0.19-0.26) per million in 2001-2015 to 0.53 (95% CI, 0.49-0.57) per million in 2016-2020 (p < 0.001). The prevalence in Fujian province was 7.10 per million, 4.66 per million, and 2.44 per million, during 2001-2020, 2001-2015, and 2016-2020, respectively. Among the 861 symptomatic plus asymptomatic patients of the total 997 patients, the median onset age at first-ever muscle weakness was 16 years of age (range 1-81); the median number of contracted D4Z4 repeats was 5 units (range 1-9); the median 4qA-allele-specific methylation level was 41% (range 14%-69%). Of the 977 symptomatic patients followed-up during 2001-2020, 117 patients (12.0%) lost independent ambulation. The expected duration from onset of first-ever muscle weakness to onset of independent ambulation loss was 40 years. The group with loss of independent ambulation had a smaller number of contracted D4Z4 repeats (p < 0.001) and had an earlier onset age of first-ever muscle weakness (p < 0.001) compared to the group without loss of independent ambulation. Interpretation Our research captures the largest genetically-confirmed FSHD1 population worldwide, to calculate its prevalence of 0.75 per million in China from 2001 to 2020. Approximately 12.0% of symptomatic plus asymptomatic patients of FSHD1 will lose independent ambulation in 40 years from onset of first-ever muscle weakness. Funding This work has been supported by the grants (U2005201, 81870902, N.W.) and (81974193, 81671237, Z.Q.W.) from the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology of Fujian Province (2018Y9082) (N.W.), and the Key Clinical Specialty Discipline Construction Program of Fujian (N.W.).
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Qiu L, Ye Z, Lin L, Wang L, Lin X, He J, Lin F, Xu G, Cai N, Jin M, Chen H, Lin M, Wang N, Wang Z. Clinical and genetic features of somatic mosaicism in facioscapulohumeral dystrophy. J Med Genet 2020; 57:777-785. [PMID: 32170003 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2019-106638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyse the clinical spectrum, genetic features, specific D4Z4 hypomethylation status and genotype-phenotype correlations for somatic mosaicism in facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD). METHODS This was a prospective, hospital-based, case-control, observational study of 35 participants with FSHD with somatic mosaicism recruited over 10 years, with 17 penetrant patients and 18 non-penetrant mutation carriers. This study also included a univariate comparison of 17 paired mosaic and non-mosaic patients with FSHD. RESULTS Mosaic participants with FSHD varied in age of diagnosis (median 45; range 15-65 years), muscle strength (FSHD clinical score median 0; range 0-10 points), clinical severity (age-corrected clinical severity score (ACSS) median 0; range 0-467 points), D4Z4 repeats (median 3; range 2-5 units), mosaic proportion (median 55%; range 27%-72%) and D4Z4 methylation extent (median 49.82%; range 27.17%-64.51%). The genotypic severity scale and D4Z4 methylation extent were significantly associated with ACSS (p1=0.003; p2=0.002). Among the matched pairs, the 17 mosaic patients had shorter D4Z4 repeats, lower FSHD clinical scores and lower ACSS than non-mosaic patients. Additionally, 34 of 35 (97%) participants carried two mosaic arrays, while a single patient had three mosaic arrays (3%). Two cases also carried four-type non-mosaic arrays on chromosome 10 (translocation configuration). CONCLUSIONS Broadly, this large mosaic FSHD cohort exhibited significant clinical heterogeneity and relatively slight disease severity. Both genotypic severity scale and D4Z4 hypomethylation status served as modifiers of clinical phenotypes. Consistent with previous reports, mitotic interchromosomal/intrachromosomal gene conversion without crossover was here identified as a major genetic mechanism underlying mosaic FSHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Qiu
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhixian Ye
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Lin
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Junjie He
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guorong Xu
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Naiqing Cai
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ming Jin
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Haizhu Chen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Minting Lin
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China .,Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China .,Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fuzhou, China
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Dai Y, Li P, Wang Z, Liang F, Yang F, Fang L, Huang Y, Huang S, Zhou J, Wang D, Cui L, Wang K. Single-molecule optical mapping enables quantitative measurement of D4Z4 repeats in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD). J Med Genet 2019; 57:109-120. [PMID: 31506324 PMCID: PMC7029236 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2019-106078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is a common adult muscular dystrophy. Over 95% of FSHD cases are associated with contraction of the D4Z4 tandem repeat (~3.3 kb per unit) at 4q35 with a specific genomic configuration (haplotype) called 4qA. Molecular diagnosis of FSHD typically requires pulsed-field gel electrophoresis with Southern blotting. We aim to develop novel genomic and computational methods for characterising D4Z4 repeat numbers in FSHD. Methods We leveraged a single-molecule optical mapping platform that maps locations of restriction enzyme sites on high molecular weight (>150 kb) DNA molecules. We developed bioinformatics methods to address several challenges, including the differentiation of 4qA with 4qB alleles, the differentiation of 4q35 and 10q26 segmental duplications, the quantification of repeat numbers with different enzymes that may or may not have recognition sites within D4Z4 repeats. We evaluated the method on 25 human subjects (13 patients, 3 individual control subjects, 9 control subjects from 3 families) labelled by the Nb.BssSI and/or Nt.BspQI enzymes. Results We demonstrated that the method gave a direct quantitative measurement of repeat numbers on D4Z4 repeats with 4qA allelic configuration and the levels of postzygotic mosaicism. Our method had high concordance with Southern blots from several cohorts on two platforms (Bionano Saphyr and Bionano Irys), but with improved quantification of repeat numbers. Conclusion While the study is limited by small sample size, our results demonstrated that single-molecule optical mapping is a viable approach for more refined analysis on genotype-phenotype relationships in FSHD, especially when postzygotic mosaicism is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Dai
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pidong Li
- GrandOmics Biosciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Center of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fan Liang
- GrandOmics Biosciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Yang
- GrandOmics Biosciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Fang
- Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shangzhi Huang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | | | - Liying Cui
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Lin XD, He JJ, Lin F, Chen HZ, Xu LQ, Hu W, Cai NQ, Lin MT, Wang N, Wang ZQ, Xu GR. A "Triple Trouble" Case of Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy Accompanied by Peripheral Neuropathy and Myoclonic Epilepsy. Chin Med J (Engl) 2018; 131:2164-2171. [PMID: 30203790 PMCID: PMC6144853 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.240797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is characterized by asymmetric muscular deficit of facial, shoulder-girdle muscles, and descending to lower limb muscles, but it exists in several extramuscular manifestations or overlapping syndromes. Herein, we report a "complex disease plus" patient with FSHD1, accompanied by peripheral neuropathy and myoclonic epilepsy. Methods Standard clinical assessments, particular auxiliary examination, histological analysis, and molecular analysis were performed through the new Comprehensive Clinical Evaluation Form, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis-based Southern blot, Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA), whole exome sequencing (WES), and targeted methylation sequencing. Results The patient presented with mild facial weakness, humeral poly-hill sign, scapular winging, peroneal weakness, drop foot, pes cavus, and myoclonic epilepsy. Furthermore, electrophysiology revealed severely demyelinated and axonal injury. The muscle and nerve biopsy revealed broadly fiber Type II grouping atrophy and myelinated nerve fibers that significantly decreased with thin myelinated fibers and onion bulbs changes. Generalized sharp and sharp-slow wave complexes on electroencephalography support the diagnosis toward myoclonic epilepsy. In addition, molecular testing demonstrated a co-segregated 20-kb 4q35-EcoRI fragment and permissive allele A, which corresponded with D4Z4 hypomethylation status in the family. Both the patient's mother and brother only presented the typical FSHD but lacked overlapping syndromes. However, no mutations for hereditary peripheral neuropathy and myoclonic epilepsy were discovered by MLPA and WES. Conclusions The present study described a "tripe trouble" with FSHD, peripheral neuropathy, and myoclonic epilepsy, adding the spectrum of overlapping syndromes and contributing to the credible diagnosis of atypical phenotype. It would provide a direct clue on medical care and genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dan Lin
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
| | - Jun-Jie He
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
| | - Hai-Zhu Chen
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
| | - Liu-Qing Xu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
| | - Nai-Qing Cai
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
| | - Min-Ting Lin
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University; Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University; Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
| | - Guo-Rong Xu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
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He JJ, Lin XD, Lin F, Xu GR, Xu LQ, Hu W, Wang DN, Lin HX, Lin MT, Wang N, Wang ZQ. Clinical and genetic features of patients with facial-sparing facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy. Eur J Neurol 2017; 25:356-364. [PMID: 29112784 DOI: 10.1111/ene.13509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Facial-sparing scapular myopathy (SHD) is the most common atypical form of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD), clinically defined as without apparent facial muscle weakness on neurological examination. The clinical profiles and genetic features of SHD are limited. METHODS A cohort of 21 Chinese patients with SHD were confirmed by molecular genetic analysis based on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. The clinical assessments and methylation analysis were noted. RESULTS The patients had FSHD-related EcoRI fragments with 4qA haplotype ranging from 18 kb to 33 kb (mean 26.3 ± 4.6 kb). The mean onset age was 25.52 ± 8.3 years. Over half of the patients had scapular winging and asymmetry weakness consistent with FSHD, without facial symptoms during their visit. Their facial electromyogram results were almost normal or mild myogenic damage, as well as the myopathology and serum creatine kinase. A conflict was unexpectedly found in intergenerational DR1 methylation analysis. CONCLUSION Facial-sparing scapular myopathy is characterized as mild myopathic symptoms and chronic progression of weakness. The diagnosis should be accurately confirmed through FSHD-sized fragment detection and 4qA/B variant determination. Although the next generations of SHD had more severe muscular symptoms, local hypomethylation within D4Z4 was not found as a modifier for clinical heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-J He
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - X-D Lin
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - F Lin
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - G-R Xu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - L-Q Xu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - W Hu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - D-N Wang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - H-X Lin
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - M-T Lin
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - N Wang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fuzhou, China
| | - Z-Q Wang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fuzhou, China
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Lin F, He JJ, Lin XD, Wang DN, Lin HX, Liu XY, Lin MT, Wang N, Wang ZQ. A large cohort study confirming that specific haplotype 4A161PAS is exclusively associated with the Chinese FSHD1. Clin Genet 2016; 90:558-559. [PMID: 27666735 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Lin
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology; First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University; Fujian China
| | - J-J. He
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology; First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University; Fujian China
| | - X-D. Lin
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology; First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University; Fujian China
| | - D-N. Wang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology; First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University; Fujian China
| | - H-X. Lin
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology; First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University; Fujian China
| | - X-Y. Liu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology; First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University; Fujian China
| | - M-T. Lin
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology; First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University; Fujian China
| | - N. Wang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology; First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University; Fujian China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology; Fuzhou China
| | - Z-Q. Wang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology; First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University; Fujian China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology; Fuzhou China
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Lin F, Wang ZQ, Lin MT, Murong SX, Wang N. New Insights into Genotype-phenotype Correlations in Chinese Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy: A Retrospective Analysis of 178 Patients. Chin Med J (Engl) 2016; 128:1707-13. [PMID: 26112708 PMCID: PMC4733718 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.159336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD), a common autosomal dominant muscular disorder, is caused by contraction of the D4Z4 repeats on 4q35. The complicated genotype-phenotype correlation among different ethnic population remains a controversial subject. We aimed to refine this correlation in order to provide new information for genetic counseling. Methods: Here, a cohort of 136 Chinese families including 178 affected individuals and 137 unaffected members were investigated. Genetic analyses were performed using the p13E-11, 4qA and 4qB probes after pulsed field gel electrophoresis separation and southern blotting. A 10-grade FSHD clinical severity scale was adopted for clinical assessment. The genotype-phenotype correlation was established by linear regression analyses. Results: We observed a roughly inversed correlation between the short EcoRI fragment size and age-corrected clinical severity score in 154 symptomatic patients (P < 0.05). Compared to male patients, a significant higher proportion of females in both asymptomatic carriers and severe patients showed larger variation in the size of short EcoRI fragment. A high incidence (19/42, 45.2%) of asymptomatic (or minimally affected) carriers was found in familial members. Conclusions: Although the number of D4Z4 repeats is known as one of the critical influences on genotype-phenotype correlation, a majority of phenotypic spectrum was still incompatible with their heterozygous contraction of the D4Z4 repeat, especial in female cases. Our results suggest that there are multi-factors synergistically modulating the phenotypic expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ning Wang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
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Hamadien MA, Khan Z, Vaali-Mohammed MA, Zubaidi A, Al-Khayal K, McKerrow J, Al-Obeed O. Polymorphisms of tumor necrosis factor alpha in Middle Eastern population with colorectal cancer. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:5529-37. [PMID: 26572151 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4421-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) contributes in inflammation and has been implicated in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TNF-α promoter could affect the risk of CRC by regulating TNF-α production. This is the first study to investigate TNF-α SNPs in a Middle Eastern population. In this study, we examined three SNPs in TNF-α for association with CRC. One hundred CRC patients and 100 controls were genotyped for TNF-α -308, -238, and -857 using TaqMan allelic discrimination assay. The TNF-α -238 (G/A) genotype was significantly associated with high risk of CRC (p = 0.003552). The distribution of three genotypes of -238 G/A was significantly different between the controls and CRC patients even after Bonferroni’s correction. The AA genotype of -238 G/A SNP was observed at considerably higher proportion (13 %) in CRCs compared to controls (1 %). Additionally, similar to genotypes, the allelic frequencies of -238 G/A were significantly different between the CRC cases and controls (odds ratios (OR) = 7.647, χ2 = 18.50, p = 0.00002). The genotype frequencies of -308 and -857 were not notably different between the cases and controls. TNF-α -238A may be useful as a screening marker to identify individuals prior to their acquiring CRC in the Saudi population although, further validations in larger cohorts are needed.
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Vasale J, Boyar F, Jocson M, Sulcova V, Chan P, Liaquat K, Hoffman C, Meservey M, Chang I, Tsao D, Hensley K, Liu Y, Owen R, Braastad C, Sun W, Walrafen P, Komatsu J, Wang JC, Bensimon A, Anguiano A, Jaremko M, Wang Z, Batish S, Strom C, Higgins J. Molecular combing compared to Southern blot for measuring D4Z4 contractions in FSHD. Neuromuscul Disord 2015; 25:945-51. [PMID: 26420234 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We compare molecular combing to Southern blot in the analysis of the facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy type 1 locus (FSHD1) on chromosome 4q35-qter (chr 4q) in genomic DNA specimens sent to a clinical laboratory for FSHD testing. A de-identified set of 87 genomic DNA specimens determined by Southern blot as normal (n = 71), abnormal with D4Z4 macrosatellite repeat array contractions (n = 7), indeterminate (n = 6), borderline (n = 2), or mosaic (n = 1) was independently re-analyzed by molecular combing in a blinded fashion. The molecular combing results were identical to the Southern blot results in 75 (86%) of cases. All contractions (n = 7) and mosaics (n = 1) detected by Southern blot were confirmed by molecular combing. Of the 71 samples with normal Southern blot results, 67 (94%) had concordant molecular combing results. The four discrepancies were either mosaic (n = 2), rearranged (n = 1), or borderline by molecular combing (n = 1). All indeterminate Southern blot results (n = 6) were resolved by molecular combing as either normal (n = 4), borderline (n = 1), or rearranged (n = 1). The two borderline Southern blot results showed a D4Z4 contraction on the chr 4qA allele and a normal result by molecular combing. Molecular combing overcomes a number of technical limitations of Southern blot by providing direct visualization of D4Z4 macrosatellite repeat arrays on specific chr 4q and chr 10q alleles and more precise D4Z4 repeat sizing. This study suggests that molecular combing has superior analytical validity compared to Southern blot for determining D4Z4 contraction size, detecting mosaicism, and resolving borderline and indeterminate Southern blot results. Further studies are needed to establish the clinical validity and diagnostic accuracy of these findings in FSHD.
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Papanikos F, Skoulatou C, Sakellariou P, Kekou K, Christopoulos TK, Kanavakis E, Traeger-Synodinos J, Ioannou PC. A simplified approach for FSHD molecular testing. Clin Chim Acta 2014; 429:96-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2013.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Salort-Campana E, Nguyen K, Lévy N, Pouget J, Attarian S. Diagnostic clinique et moléculaire de la myopathie facioscapulo-humérale de type 1 (FSHD1) en 2012. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2013; 169:573-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2013.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Revised: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Neurol 2011; 24:511-6. [PMID: 21900773 DOI: 10.1097/WCO.0b013e32834be5c1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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van der Maarel SM, Tawil R, Tapscott SJ. Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy and DUX4: breaking the silence. Trends Mol Med 2011; 17:252-8. [PMID: 21288772 PMCID: PMC3092836 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2011.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2010] [Revised: 12/14/2010] [Accepted: 01/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) has an unusual pathogenic mechanism. FSHD is caused by deletion of a subset of D4Z4 macrosatellite repeat units in the subtelomere of chromosome 4q. Recent studies provide compelling evidence that a retrotransposed gene in the D4Z4 repeat, DUX4, is expressed in the human germline and then epigenetically silenced in somatic tissues. In FSHD, the combination of inefficient chromatin silencing of the D4Z4 repeat and polymorphisms on the FSHD-permissive alleles that stabilize the DUX4 mRNAs emanating from the repeat result in inappropriate DUX4 protein expression in muscle cells. FSHD is thereby the first example of a human disease caused by the inefficient repression of a retrogene in a macrosatellite repeat array.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvère M van der Maarel
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Human Genetics, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, Netherlands. Phone: +31 71 526 9480, Fax: +31 71 526 8285
| | - Rabi Tawil
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Neurology, POBox 673, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. Phone: 1-585-275-6372, FAX: 1-585-273-1255
| | - Stephen J. Tapscott
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. Phone: 1-206-667-4499, FAX 1-206-667-6524
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