Spontaneous anterior capsular rupture in Alport syndrome

Clear lens extraction in Alport syndrome with combined anterior and posterior lenticonus or ruptured anterior lens capsule

We describe the results of clear lens extraction in 7 eyes of 4 Alport-syndrome patients. Three patients (6 eyes) had both anterior and posterior lenticonus; the fourth patient had spontaneous rupture of the anterior lens capsule, resulting in an acute drop in vision. Clear lens extraction was an effective method for visual rehabilitation in Alport syndrome patients.

FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.

[Ocular findings in Alport syndrome: 32 case studies]

BACKGROUND

Alport syndrome is an inherited disease resulting in kidney failure, hearing loss, and ocular abnormalities. The purpose of this study was to describe the incidence and type of ocular abnormalities and to determine inheritance of this syndrome in our population.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

A total of 32 patients, from ten different families in South Tunisia, underwent a complete ocular examination. Inheritance was determined using pedigrees and genotyping.

RESULTS

The best corrected visual acuity was 7.6/10. Biomicroscopy showed polymorphous dystrophy in 3%, anterior lenticonus in 28%, lens opacities in 3%, cataract in 19%, and retinal flecks in 37%. The genetic survey found five families with X-linked Alport syndrome, four families with recessive autosomal disease, and one family with dominant autosomal disease.

DISCUSSION

Ocular abnormalities have been reported in 9%-82% of Alport syndrome patients. They are rare in childhood and increase in frequency and severity with age. The types of ocular defects described mostly involve the lens, the retina and more rarely the cornea. The most common changes are anterior lenticonus and perimacular retinal flecks. In approximately 85%, Alport syndrome is X-linked. In the remaining 15%, the transmission is autosomal recessive and exceptionally autosomal dominant.

CONCLUSION

Ocular examination is a precious help for Alport syndrome diagnosis. It can also determine the prognosis of nephropathy.