Patient satisfaction with Peninsula Optometry Community Glaucoma Scheme

Task-shifting and the recruitment and retention of eye care workers in under-served areas: a qualitative study of optometrists' motivation in Ghana and Scotland

AIM

To assist policy-makers in improving access to eye care in under-served areas by analysing the relationship between motivational factors affecting the uptake of task-shifting in eye care and the recruitment and retention of optometrists in remote and rural areas.

BACKGROUND

The World Health Organization recommends two key strategies in tackling preventable blindness in under-served areas: improving human resources for health and task-shifting. The relationship between task-shifting and recruitment and retention of eye care workers in under-served areas is unknown. Ghana and Scotland are two countries from different levels of economic development that have notably expanded the roles of optometrists and struggle with rural recruitment and retention.

METHODS

Motivation was explored through semi-structured interviews with 19 optometrists in Ghana and Scotland with experience in remote and rural practice. Framework analysis was used to analyse interviews, explore the relationship between task-shifting and recruitment and retention and create recommendations for policy.

FINDINGS

The main motivational considerations included altruism, quality of life, learning and career opportunities, fulfilling potential, remuneration, stress of decision-making and collaboration. Motivational and demotivational factors for task-shifting and recruitment/retention shared many similar aspects.

DISCUSSION

Recruitment and retention in remote and rural areas require staff be incentivised to take up those positions, motivated to remain and given the adequate resources for personal and professional fulfilment. Task-shifting also requires incentivisation, motivation to continue and the resources to be productive. Many motivational factors influencing recruitment/retention and task-shifting are similar suggesting these two strategies can be compatible and complementary in improving access to eye care, although some factors are culture and context specific. Understanding optometrists' motivation can help policy-makers improve rural recruitment and retention and plan services.

Topical review: Task shifting and the recruitment and retention of eye health workers in underserved areas

Many populations experience difficulty accessing eye care, especially in rural areas. Implementing workforce recruitment and retention strategies, as well as task shifting through widening scope of practice, can improve eye care accessibility. This article provides novel evidence on the compatibility of these strategies aimed at enhancing ophthalmic workforce recruitment, retention, and efficacy.

PURPOSE

The global burden of blindness is unequally distributed, affects rural areas more, and is frequently associated with limited access to eye care. The World Health Organization has specified both task shifting and increasing human resources for eye health as instruments to improve access to eye care in underserved areas. However, it is uncertain whether these two instruments are sufficiently compatible to provide positive synergic effects. To address this uncertainty, we conducted a structured literature review and synthesized relevant evidence relating to task shifting, workforce recruitment, retention, and eye care. Twenty-three studies from across the globe were analyzed and grouped into three categories: studies exploring recruitment and retention in human resources for eye health in general, studies discussing the relationship between task shifting and recruitment or retention of health workers in general, and studies specifically discussing task shifting and recruitment or retention in eye care workers.

FINDINGS

Our findings demonstrate that incentives are effective for initiating task shifting and improving recruitment and retention in rural areas with a stronger effect noted in midlevel eye care professionals and trainees. Incentives can take various forms, e.g., financial and nonfinancial. The consideration of context-specific motivational factors is essential when designing strategies to facilitate task shifting and to improve recruitment and retention.

Patient satisfaction and follow-up adherence to glaucoma case management clinic in China

AIM

To assess glaucoma patient satisfaction and follow-up adherence in case management and identify associated predictors to improve healthcare quality and patient outcomes.

METHODS

In this cross-sectional study, a total of 119 patients completed a Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire-18 and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Clinical data was obtained from the case management system. Follow-up adherence was defined as completing each follow-up within ±30d of the scheduled time set by ophthalmologists during the study period.

RESULTS

Average satisfaction scored 78.65±7, with an average of 4.39±0.58 across the seven dimensions. Age negatively correlated with satisfaction (P=0.008), whilst patients with follow-up duration of 2 or more years reported higher satisfaction (P=0.045). Multivariate logistics regression analysis revealed that longer follow-up durations were associated with lower follow-up adherence (OR=0.97, 95%CI, 0.95-1.00, P=0.044). Additionally, patients with suspected glaucoma (OR=2.72, 95%CI, 1.03-7.20, P=0.044) and those with an annual income over 100 000 Chinese yuan demonstrated higher adherence (OR=5.57, 95%CI, 1.00-30.89, P=0.049).

CONCLUSION

The case management model proves effective for glaucoma patients, with positive adherence rates. The implementation of this model can be optimized in the future based on the identified factors and extended to glaucoma patients in more hospitals.

Patients' Satisfaction with Topical Anti-Glaucoma Medications and Associated Factors at Gondar University Tertiary Eye Care and Training Center, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021

Background

Glaucoma is one of the leading cause of global irreversible blindness if left untreated. Satisfaction is a multifaceted outcome based on sufficient information and encouragement from the practitioner and based on the medications' nature. Determining patients' satisfaction is essential to increase their courage in their long-time follow-up of medical care.

Objective

To assess Patients' satisfaction with topical anti-glaucoma medications and associated factors among glaucoma patients at Gondar University Tertiary Eye Care and Training Center, Northwest Ethiopia.

Methods

Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June 30 to August 27, 2021, among 395 glaucoma patients at Gondar University Tertiary Eye Care and Training Center. Data was entered into Epi info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 26 software for analysis. A Binary logistic regression model was used to determine factors associated with satisfaction with topical anti-glaucoma medications. Statistical significance was considered when p-value < 0.05.

Results

A total of 395 study subjects participated in the study with a response rate of 93.38%. The overall satisfaction with topical anti-glaucoma medication was 62.5% with 95% CI: (57.5-67.8%). The absence of ocular side effects (AOR=5.39, 95% CI: 2.35-12.37) and the absence of ocular surface diseases (AOR=4.12, 95% CI: 1.69-10.09) were significantly associated with patient satisfaction.

Conclusion

More than half of the study participants were satisfied with topical anti-glaucoma medications. The absence of ocular side effects and absence of Ocular surface diseases were significantly associated with patient satisfaction with anti-glaucoma medication.

Ophthalmology Provider Ratings and Patient, Disease, and Appointment Factors

The purpose of the current study is to examine how nonmodifiable sociodemographic, disease, appointment, management, and survey factors correlate with provider rating. This was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted on 29 857 patient Clinician and Group Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems surveys collected from January 2017 to January 2019 at a tertiary eye center. We included surveys of patients aged 18 years or older, who answered at least 4 of 6 subfield questions, and completed the survey within 90 days of the appointment. The main outcome was the odds of receiving top box score (TBS) of 10/10 on the survey question regarding overall provider rating. The results showed that the variables with higher odds of TBS included higher overall appointment attendance (odds ratio [OR]: 2.66 [95% CI: 1.23-5.75], P = .013); older patient age (OR 2.44 [95% CI: 2.08-2.87], P < .001]; higher percentage of survey questions completed (OR: 2.02 [95% CI: 1.79-2.27], P < .001); better best corrected visual acuity (OR: 1.85 [95% CI: 1.3-2.64], P = .001); optometry clinic visit (OR: 1.25 [95% CI: 1.15-1.36], P < .001); having procedures (OR: 1.19 [95% CI: 1.04-1.36], P = .013), surgery scheduled (OR: 1.18 [95% CI: 1.03-1.36], P = .020], or refraction done (OR: 1.16 [95% CI: 1.08-1.25], P < .001); being seen by male providers (OR: 1.11 [95% CI: 1.04-1.17], P = .001); and having additional eye testing performed (OR: 1.06 [95% CI: 1.00-1.13], P = .048). Variables associated with lower odds of TBS included longer time to complete survey (OR: 0.42 [95% CI: 0.3-0.58], P = .001); new patient encounter (OR: 0.62 [95% CI: 0.58-0.65], P < .001); and glaucoma (OR: 0.66 [95% CI: 0.59-0.75], P < .001), cornea (OR: 0.79 [95% CI: 0.71-0.87], P < .001), or comprehensive clinic visits (OR: 0.86 [95% CI: 0.79-0.94], P < .001). Thus, nonmodifiable factors may affect the provider rating, and these factors should be studied further and accounted for when interpreting the results of patient experience surveys.

Patient satisfaction with care in an urban tertiary referral academic glaucoma clinic in the US

BACKGROUND

The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with glaucoma patients' satisfaction with their medical care by fellowship-trained glaucoma specialists in an urban tertiary referral clinic in the US.

METHODS

A total of 110 established patients aged ≥60 years with a diagnosis of either primary open angle glaucoma, glaucoma suspect, or ocular hypertension monitored by an ophthalmologist with fellowship training in glaucoma were enrolled at an academic, urban, tertiary referral eye clinic. Enrolled patients were administered a general demographics questionnaire along with a Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire-18 (PSQ-18), a Likert scale validated tool. The seven dimensions of patient satisfaction from the PSQ-18 were summarized for the sample overall and by the patients' age, race, employment status, education level, distance travelled from home address to clinic, and glaucoma therapy type. Two-sample t-tests were used to compare group means. Spearman correlation coefficients were used to correlate satisfaction scores with peripheral vision and visual acuity function.

RESULTS

Overall, the general satisfaction scores were high (mean 4.62). Patients ≥70 years of age had lower general satisfaction with their care (mean 4.5 vs 4.8, p=0.03), the interpersonal manner of their appointment (mean 4.7 vs 4.9, p=0.009), and with their time spent with their doctor (mean 4.4 vs 4.7, p=0.03) than patients aged 60-69 years. Non-European descent patients (47% African descent and 1% other of sample) were more satisfied with the time they spent with the doctor (mean 4.7 vs 4.4, p=0.04) and with the communication during the appointment (mean 4.8 vs 4.6, p=0.04) than European descent patients (52% of sample). Patients with a higher level of education (>high school degree) were less satisfied with the accessibility and convenience of the appointment (mean 4.3 vs ≤ high school, 4.6, p=0.02). There were no statistically significant differences in patient satisfaction based upon employment status, distance travelled to clinic, prior glaucoma therapy, or visual function.

CONCLUSION

Overall, across all dimensions of the PSQ-18, patients were highly satisfied with the care they received at the urban tertiary care glaucoma clinic.