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Gómez R, Vilar MG, Meraz-Ríos MA, Véliz D, Zúñiga G, Hernández-Tobías EA, Figueroa-Corona MDP, Owings AC, Gaieski JB, Schurr TG. Y chromosome diversity in Aztlan descendants and its implications for the history of Central Mexico. iScience 2021; 24:102487. [PMID: 34036249 PMCID: PMC8138773 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Native Mexican populations are crucial for understanding the genetic ancestry of Aztec descendants and coexisting ethnolinguistic groups in the Valley of Mexico and elucidating the population dynamics of the prehistoric colonization of the Americas. Mesoamerican societies were multicultural in nature and also experienced significant admixture during Spanish colonization of the region. Despite these facts, Native Mexican Y chromosome diversity has been greatly understudied. To further elucidate their genetic history, we conducted a high-resolution Y chromosome analysis with Chichimecas, Nahuas, Otomies, Popolocas, Tepehuas, and Totonacas using 19 Y-short tandem repeat and 21 single nucleotide polymorphism loci. We detected enormous paternal genetic diversity in these groups, with haplogroups Q-MEH2, Q-M3, Q-Z768, Q-L663, Q-Z780, and Q-PV3 being identified. These data affirmed the southward colonization of the Americas via Beringia and connected Native Mexicans with indigenous populations from South-Central Siberia and Canada. They also suggested that multiple population dispersals gave rise to Y chromosome diversity in these populations. Enormous Y chromosome diversity observed in Native Mexican populations. Haplogroups Q-MEH2, Q-M3, Q-Z768, Q-L663, Q-Z780, and Q-PV3 were identified. Patterns of Y chromosome diversity not shaped by ethnicity, geography, or language. Multiple population dispersals contributed to Y chromosome diversity in Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Gómez
- Departamento de Toxicología, CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Miguel G Vilar
- Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6398, USA.,National Geographic Society, Washington, DC 20005, USA
| | | | - David Véliz
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7800003, Chile.,Núcleo Milenio de Ecología y Manejo Sustentable de Islas Oceánicas, Departamento de Biología Marina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
| | - Gerardo Zúñiga
- Departamento de Zoología, Laboratorio de Variación Biológica y Evolución, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | | | | | - Amanda C Owings
- Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6398, USA
| | - Jill B Gaieski
- Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6398, USA
| | - Theodore G Schurr
- Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6398, USA
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Pugach I, Matveev R, Spitsyn V, Makarov S, Novgorodov I, Osakovsky V, Stoneking M, Pakendorf B. The Complex Admixture History and Recent Southern Origins of Siberian Populations. Mol Biol Evol 2016; 33:1777-95. [PMID: 26993256 PMCID: PMC4915357 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msw055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although Siberia was inhabited by modern humans at an early stage, there is still debate over whether it remained habitable during the extreme cold of the Last Glacial Maximum or whether it was subsequently repopulated by peoples with recent shared ancestry. Previous studies of the genetic history of Siberian populations were hampered by the extensive admixture that appears to have taken place among these populations, because commonly used methods assume a tree-like population history and at most single admixture events. Here we analyze geogenetic maps and use other approaches to distinguish the effects of shared ancestry from prehistoric migrations and contact, and develop a new method based on the covariance of ancestry components, to investigate the potentially complex admixture history. We furthermore adapt a previously devised method of admixture dating for use with multiple events of gene flow, and apply these methods to whole-genome genotype data from over 500 individuals belonging to 20 different Siberian ethnolinguistic groups. The results of these analyses indicate that there have been multiple layers of admixture detectable in most of the Siberian populations, with considerable differences in the admixture histories of individual populations. Furthermore, most of the populations of Siberia included here, even those settled far to the north, appear to have a southern origin, with the northward expansions of different populations possibly being driven partly by the advent of pastoralism, especially reindeer domestication. These newly developed methods to analyze multiple admixture events should aid in the investigation of similarly complex population histories elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Pugach
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rostislav Matveev
- Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Viktor Spitsyn
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Federal State Budgetary Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey Makarov
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Federal State Budgetary Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Innokentiy Novgorodov
- Institute of Foreign Philology and Regional Studies, North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir Osakovsky
- Institute of Health, North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russian Federation
| | - Mark Stoneking
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Brigitte Pakendorf
- Laboratoire Dynamique du Langage, UMR5596, CNRS and Université Lyon Lumière 2, Lyon, France
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Investigating the prehistory of Tungusic peoples of Siberia and the Amur-Ussuri region with complete mtDNA genome sequences and Y-chromosomal markers. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83570. [PMID: 24349531 PMCID: PMC3861515 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Evenks and Evens, Tungusic-speaking reindeer herders and hunter-gatherers, are spread over a wide area of northern Asia, whereas their linguistic relatives the Udegey, sedentary fishermen and hunter-gatherers, are settled to the south of the lower Amur River. The prehistory and relationships of these Tungusic peoples are as yet poorly investigated, especially with respect to their interactions with neighbouring populations. In this study, we analyse over 500 complete mtDNA genome sequences from nine different Evenk and even subgroups as well as their geographic neighbours from Siberia and their linguistic relatives the Udegey from the Amur-Ussuri region in order to investigate the prehistory of the Tungusic populations. These data are supplemented with analyses of Y-chromosomal haplogroups and STR haplotypes in the Evenks, Evens, and neighbouring Siberian populations. We demonstrate that whereas the North Tungusic Evenks and Evens show evidence of shared ancestry both in the maternal and in the paternal line, this signal has been attenuated by genetic drift and differential gene flow with neighbouring populations, with isolation by distance further shaping the maternal genepool of the Evens. The Udegey, in contrast, appear quite divergent from their linguistic relatives in the maternal line, with a mtDNA haplogroup composition characteristic of populations of the Amur-Ussuri region. Nevertheless, they show affinities with the Evenks, indicating that they might be the result of admixture between local Amur-Ussuri populations and Tungusic populations from the north.
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A commentary on assignment of Y-chromosomal SNPs found in Japanese population to Y-chromosomal haplogroup tree. J Hum Genet 2013; 58:181. [PMID: 23466820 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2013.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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