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Chen Z, Li YY, Liu X. Copper homeostasis and copper-induced cell death: Novel targeting for intervention in the pathogenesis of vascular aging. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115839. [PMID: 37976889 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper-induced cell death, also known as cuproptosis, is distinct from other types of cell death such as apoptosis, necrosis, and ferroptosis. It can trigger the accumulation of lethal reactive oxygen species, leading to the onset and progression of aging. The significant increases in copper ion levels in the aging populations confirm a close relationship between copper homeostasis and vascular aging. On the other hand, vascular aging is also closely related to the occurrence of various cardiovascular diseases throughout the aging process. However, the specific causes of vascular aging are not clear, and different living environments and stress patterns can lead to individualized vascular aging. By exploring the correlations between copper-induced cell death and vascular aging, we can gain a novel perspective on the pathogenesis of vascular aging and enhance the prognosis of atherosclerosis. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of the impacts of copper homeostasis on vascular aging, including their effects on endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, oxidative stress, ferroptosis, intestinal flora, and other related factors. Furthermore, we intend to discuss potential strategies involving cuproptosis and provide new insights for copper-related vascular aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoying Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430077, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- Department of Nursing, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430077, China.
| | - Xiangjie Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430077, China.
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2
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Wilson MM, Danielian PS, Salus G, Ferretti R, Whittaker CA, Lees JA. BMI1 is required for melanocyte stem cell maintenance and hair pigmentation. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2023; 36:399-406. [PMID: 37132544 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.13088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The epigenetic repressor BMI1 plays an integral role in promoting the self-renewal and proliferation of many adult stem cell populations, and also tumor types, primarily through silencing the Cdkn2a locus, which encodes the tumor suppressors p16Ink4a and p19Arf . However, in cutaneous melanoma, BMI1 drives epithelial-mesenchymal transition programs, and thus metastasis, while having little impact on proliferation or primary tumor growth. This raised questions about the requirement and role for BMI1 in melanocyte stem cell (McSC) biology. Here, we demonstrate that murine melanocyte-specific Bmi1 deletion causes premature hair greying and gradual loss of melanocyte lineage cells. Depilation enhances this hair greying defect, accelerating depletion of McSCs in early hair cycles, suggesting that BMI1 acts to protect McSCs against stress. RNA-seq of McSCs, harvested before onset of detectable phenotypic defects, revealed that Bmi1 deletion derepresses p16Ink4a and p19Arf , as observed in many other stem cell contexts. Additionally, BMI1 loss downregulated the glutathione S-transferase enzymes, Gsta1 and Gsta2, which can suppress oxidative stress. Accordingly, treatment with the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) partially rescued melanocyte expansion. Together, our data establish a critical function for BMI1 in McSC maintenance that reflects a partial role for suppression of oxidative stress, and likely transcriptional repression of Cdkn2a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly M Wilson
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paul S Danielian
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Griffin Salus
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Roberta Ferretti
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Charles A Whittaker
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jacqueline A Lees
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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3
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Dai Y, Huang J, Kuang P, Hu Y, Zeng Q, Zhang W, Li H, Wang F, Guo T, Zhang D, Yi D, Zheng Y, Liu T. Dasatinib and interferon alpha synergistically induce pyroptosis-like cell death in philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:2817-2832. [PMID: 35812060 PMCID: PMC9251703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ALL) is a high-risk disease subtype with a dismal prognosis. Inhibiting BCR-ABL kinase alone is insufficient to eradicate Ph+ALL clones, and alternative BCR-ABL-dependent and -independent pathways need to be targeted as an effective strategy. Our study revealed that the combination of dasatinib and interferon-α showed synergistic activity against Ph+ALL, inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and causing necrosis-like cell lysis. Mechanistic studies showed that the induced cell death was caspase-3-independent. Canonical necroptosis signals, such as RIP1 and MLKL, were not activated; instead, the pyroptosis executor Gasdermin D was upregulated expression and activated. The expression levels of extracellular ATP and IL-1β were also upregulated, both of which are markers of pyroptotic cell death. In a murine Ph+ALL model, the dual drug treatment prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice. More importantly, we incorporated the dual drugs to maintenance therapy in 39 patients who were unfit for allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The median follow-up was 28.5 months, the 4-year disease-free survival and overall survival rates were 52.2% and 65.2%, respectively. Our data suggest that the combination of dasatinib and interferon-α has potential synergistic activity against Ph+ALL and shows promise as a maintenance therapy for Ph+ALL patients who are unfit for allo-HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Dai
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingcao Huang
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Pu Kuang
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiguo Hu
- Institute of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Wanhua Zhang
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - He Li
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Fangfang Wang
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Tingting Guo
- Institute of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Institute of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongni Yi
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuhuan Zheng
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
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4
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Nuclear Vav3 is required for polycomb repression complex-1 activity in B-cell lymphoblastic leukemogenesis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3056. [PMID: 35650206 PMCID: PMC9160250 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30651-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) results from oligo-clonal evolution of B-cell progenitors endowed with initiating and propagating leukemia properties. The activation of both the Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (Rac GEF) Vav3 and Rac GTPases is required for leukemogenesis mediated by the oncogenic fusion protein BCR-ABL. Vav3 expression becomes predominantly nuclear upon expression of BCR-ABL signature. In the nucleus, Vav3 interacts with BCR-ABL, Rac, and the polycomb repression complex (PRC) proteins Bmi1, Ring1b and Ezh2. The GEF activity of Vav3 is required for the proliferation, Bmi1-dependent B-cell progenitor self-renewal, nuclear Rac activation, protein interaction with Bmi1, mono-ubiquitination of H2A(K119) (H2AK119Ub) and repression of PRC-1 (PRC1) downstream target loci, of leukemic B-cell progenitors. Vav3 deficiency results in de-repression of negative regulators of cell proliferation and repression of oncogenic transcriptional factors. Mechanistically, we show that Vav3 prevents the Phlpp2-sensitive and Akt (S473)-dependent phosphorylation of Bmi1 on the regulatory residue S314 that, in turn, promotes the transcriptional factor reprogramming of leukemic B-cell progenitors. These results highlight the importance of non-canonical nuclear Rho GTPase signaling in leukemogenesis. Ph+ and Ph-like B-ALL remain poor prognosis leukemias. VAV3, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, is activated and overexpressed in these leukemias. Here the authors reveal that leukemic VAV3 is predominantly nuclear. Nuclear VAV3, through its guanine nucleotide exchange factor and its effector nuclear RAC2, controls the repressive transcriptional activity of the polycomb repression complex-1 via nuclear AKT/PHLPP2 regulated BMI1.
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5
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Hidalgo I, Wahlestedt M, Yuan O, Zhang Q, Bryder D, Pronk CJ. Bmi1 induction protects hematopoietic stem cells against pronounced long-term hematopoietic stress. Exp Hematol 2022; 109:35-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Gong DY, Chen X, Yang TL, Wang Y, Guo Y, Zeng JH, Chen SZ. Upregulation of ECT2 is associated with transcriptional program of cancer stem cells and predicts poor clinical outcome in gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:54. [PMID: 32788941 PMCID: PMC7416382 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer remains the third leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. The identification of prognostic indicators that are associated with clinical characteristics is urgently required. The aim of the present study was to determine the involvement of epithelial cell transforming 2 (ECT2) in gastric cancer. The results of the present study demonstrated that ECT2 expression was upregulated in human gastric cancer samples. Furthermore, high ECT2 expression was associated with advanced Tumor-Node-Metastasis stage and deeper tumor invasion. ECT2 upregulation was further confirmed in several independent publicly available clinical cohorts from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. In addition, patients with gastric cancer, with high ECT2 expression exhibited a significantly shorter overall survival time than those with low ECT2 expression, and Cox regression analysis demonstrated that ECT2 expression was an independent prognostic marker for overall survival time. Characterization of the transcriptome profiles of ECT2 upregulated gastric tumors indicated that ECT2 upregulation may be associated with transcriptional features of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Additionally, BUB1 mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine kinase and E2F transcription factor 7, two genes previously reported to account for the functionality of CSCs, were strongly enriched in ECT2High gastric cancer samples. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that ECT2 may serve as a novel marker for CSCs and may be a potential prognostic indicator in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dao-Yin Gong
- Department of Pathology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Xian Chen
- Department of Pathology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Lin Yang
- Department of Pathology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Pathology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yu Guo
- Geriatric Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Hao Zeng
- Geriatric Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Shan-Ze Chen
- Department of Pathyphysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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7
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Bolomsky A, Muller J, Stangelberger K, Lejeune M, Duray E, Breid H, Vrancken L, Pfeiffer C, Hübl W, Willheim M, Weetall M, Branstrom A, Zojer N, Caers J, Ludwig H. The anti-mitotic agents PTC-028 and PTC596 display potent activity in pre-clinical models of multiple myeloma but challenge the role of BMI-1 as an essential tumour gene. Br J Haematol 2020; 190:877-890. [PMID: 32232850 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.16595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Future progress in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) requires both the characterisation of key drivers of the disease and novel, innovative approaches to tackle these vulnerabilities. The present study focussed on the pre-clinical evaluation of a novel drug class, BMI-1 modulators, in MM. We demonstrate potent activity of PTC-028 and PTC596 in a comprehensive set of in vitro and in vivo models, including models of drug resistance and stromal support. Treatment of MM cells with PTC-028 and PTC596 downregulated BMI-1 protein levels, which was found to correlate with drug activity. Surprisingly, BMI-1 was dispensable for the activity of BMI-1 modulators and MM cell growth. Our data rather point to mitotic arrest accompanied by myeloid cell leukaemia-1 (MCL-1) loss as key anti-MM mechanisms and reveal impaired MYC and AKT signalling activity due to BMI-1 modulator treatment. Moreover, we observed a complete eradication of MM after PTC596 treatment in the 5TGM.1 in vivo model and define epigenetic compounds and B cell leukaemia/lymphoma 2 homology domain 3 (BH3) mimetics as promising combination partners. These results bring into question the postulated role of BMI-1 as an essential MM gene and confirm BMI-1 modulators as potent anti-mitotic agents with encouraging pre-clinical activity that supports their rapid translation into clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold Bolomsky
- Department of Medicine I, Wilhelminen Cancer Research Institute, Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Joséphine Muller
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Kathrin Stangelberger
- Department of Medicine I, Wilhelminen Cancer Research Institute, Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Margaux Lejeune
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Elodie Duray
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Helene Breid
- Department of Medicine I, Wilhelminen Cancer Research Institute, Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Louise Vrancken
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Christina Pfeiffer
- Department of Medicine I, Wilhelminen Cancer Research Institute, Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Hübl
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Willheim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Niklas Zojer
- Department of Medicine I, Wilhelminen Cancer Research Institute, Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jo Caers
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA-I3, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Heinz Ludwig
- Department of Medicine I, Wilhelminen Cancer Research Institute, Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria
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8
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Sun J, Shi Q, Chen X, Liu R. Decoding the similarities and specific differences between latent and active tuberculosis infections based on consistently differential expression networks. Brief Bioinform 2019; 21:2084-2098. [PMID: 31724702 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbz127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although intensive efforts have been devoted to investigating latent tuberculosis (LTB) and active tuberculosis (PTB) infections, the similarities and differences in the host responses to these two closely associated stages remain elusive, probably due to the difficulty in identifying informative genes related to LTB using traditional methods. Herein, we developed a framework known as the consistently differential expression network to identify tuberculosis (TB)-related gene pairs by combining microarray profiles and protein-protein interactions. We thus obtained 774 and 693 pairs corresponding to the PTB and LTB stages, respectively. The PTB-specific genes showed higher expression values and fold-changes than the LTB-specific genes. Furthermore, the PTB-related pairs generally had higher expression correlations and would be more activated compared to their LTB-related counterparts. The module analysis implied that the detected gene pairs tended to cluster in the topological and functional modules. Functional analysis indicated that the LTB- and PTB-specific genes were enriched in different pathways and had remarkably different locations in the NF-κB signaling pathway. Finally, we showed that the identified genes and gene pairs had the potential to distinguish TB patients in different disease stages and could be considered as drug targets for the specific treatment of patients with LTB or PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qianqian Shi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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9
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Guo M, You C, Dou J. Role of transmembrane glycoprotein mucin 1 (MUC1) in various types of colorectal cancer and therapies: Current research status and updates. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:1318-1325. [PMID: 30257347 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the third most common malignant tumor in the world. In recent years, the morbidity and mortality of CRC have increased in the world due to increasingly ageing population, modern dietary habits, environmental change, genetic disorders and chronic intestinal inflammation. Despite recent advances in earlier detection and improvements in chemotherapy, the 5-year survival rate of patients with metastatic CRC remains low. Therefore, novel effective treatment strategies for primary or metastatic CRC have emerged to enhance cure rate as well as elongation of patient's survival. Immunotherapy has been proposed for a potentially effective therapeutic approach to the treatment of CRC. Tumor vaccination in preclinical and clinical studies has supported the antitumor activity induced by immunization with CRC cell vaccines. Epithelial cell molecule Mucin 1 (MUC1), a transmembrane glycoprotein aberrantly overexpressed in various cancers including CRC, has been used as a candidate target antigen in the peptide, dendritic cell, and whole tumor vaccines. Several clinical trials in progress reveal the immunogenicity and suitability of MUC1 that acted as immunotherapeutic vaccines for CRC/colorectal cancer stem cells (CCSC). The present review summarizes the potential roles of MUC1 on CRC/CCSC vaccines according to the latest data. Moreover, this review also discusses the novel strategies for targeting CCSC via inducing an immune response against MUC1 to achieve the best prevention and treatment effects in animal models and clinical trails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Guo
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chengzhong You
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jun Dou
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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10
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Costa C, Santos M, Martínez-Fernández M, Lorz C, Lázaro S, Paramio JM. Deregulation of the pRb-E2F4 axis alters epidermal homeostasis and favors tumor development. Oncotarget 2018; 7:75712-75728. [PMID: 27708231 PMCID: PMC5342772 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
E2F/RB activity is altered in most human tumors. The retinoblastoma family of proteins plays a key role in regulating the progression of the cell cycle from the G1 to S phases. This is achieved through negative regulation of E2F transcription factors, important positive regulators of cell cycle entry. E2F family members are divided into two groups: activators (E2F1-E2F3a) and repressors (E2F3b-E2F8). E2F4 accounts for a large part of the E2F activity and is a main E2F repressor member in vivo. Perturbations in the balance from quiescence towards proliferation contribute to increased mitotic gene expression levels frequently observed in cancer. We have previously reported that combined Rb1-Rbl1 or Rb1-E2f1 ablation in epidermis produces important alterations in epidermal proliferation and differentiation, leading to tumor development. However, the possible roles of E2F4 in this context are still to be determined. Here, we show the absence of any discernible phenotype in the skin of mice lacking of E2f4. In contrast, the inducible loss of Rb1 in the epidermis of E2F4-null mice produced multiple skin abnormalities including altered differentiation and proliferation, spontaneous wounds, carcinoma in situ development and stem cell perturbations. All these phenotypic alterations are associated with extensive gene expression changes, the induction of c-myc and the Akt activation. Moreover the whole transcriptome analyses in comparison with previous models generated also revealed extensive changes in multiple repressive complexes and in transcription factor activity. These results point to E2F4 as a master regulator in multiple steps of epidermal homeostasis in Rb1 absence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clotilde Costa
- Unidad de Oncología Molecular, CIEMAT (ed70A), 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Present address: Unidad Mixta Roche-Chus, Hospital Universitario, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Mirentxu Santos
- Unidad de Oncología Molecular, CIEMAT (ed70A), 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Unidad de Oncología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomed, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Martínez-Fernández
- Unidad de Oncología Molecular, CIEMAT (ed70A), 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Unidad de Oncología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomed, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Corina Lorz
- Unidad de Oncología Molecular, CIEMAT (ed70A), 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Unidad de Oncología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomed, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Lázaro
- Unidad de Oncología Molecular, CIEMAT (ed70A), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús M Paramio
- Unidad de Oncología Molecular, CIEMAT (ed70A), 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Unidad de Oncología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomed, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
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11
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Liu G, Wang L, Han H, Li Y, Lu S, Li T, Cheng C. LncRNA ZFAS1 promotes growth and metastasis by regulating BMI1 and ZEB2 in osteosarcoma. Am J Cancer Res 2017; 7:1450-1462. [PMID: 28744396 PMCID: PMC5523027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents. LncRNAs have recently gained widespread attention and have been shown to have crucial roles in various biological regulatory processes. ZFAS1, a newly identified lncRNA, was shown to be dysregulated in several cancers. However, little is known about the alteration and functional significance of ZFAS1 in OS. In the present study, for the first time, we revealed a functional role of ZFAS1 on OS growth and metastasis. The expression of ZFAS1 was significantly overexpressed in OS samples and cell lines, and upregulation of ZFAS1 is significantly associated with unfavorable prognosis of OS patients. Functional assays also demonstrated that ZFAS1 enhanced the growth and metastatic ability of OS cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we found that ZFAS1 positively regulated malignant phenotypes by competitively binding the miR-200b and miR-200c and upregulating BMI1. ZFAS1 also interacted with ZEB2 and regulated ZEB2 protein stability. Furthermore, we demonstrated that SP1 functions as an upstream activated factor of ZFAS1. ZFAS1 may be a potential therapeutic target for OS tumorigenesis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangfei Liu
- No.1 Orthopedics Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityCangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Lu Wang
- No.1 Orthopedics Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityCangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Hongmin Han
- No.1 Orthopedics Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityCangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yong Li
- No.1 Orthopedics Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityCangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Shouliang Lu
- No.1 Orthopedics Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityCangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Tiejun Li
- No.1 Orthopedics Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityCangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Cai Cheng
- No.1 Orthopedics Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityCangzhou, Hebei Province, China
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