1
|
Li W, Gong Q, Zhu W, Ali T, Yu ZJ, Li S, Yu X. AMPA receptor potentiation alleviates NLRP3 knockout-induced fear generalization in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 722:150074. [PMID: 38805785 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Genetic knockout and pharmaceutical inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome enhances the extinction of contextual fear memory, which is attributed to its role in neuronal and synaptic dysregulation, concurrent with neurotransmitter function disturbances. This study aimed to determine whether NLRP3 plays a role in generalizing fear via the inflammatory axis. We established the NLRP3 KO mice model, followed by behavioral and biochemical analyses. The NLRP3 KO mice displayed impaired fear generalization, lower neuroinflammation levels, and dysregulated neurotransmitter function. Additionally, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors, but not the inhibition of NMDA or 5-HT2C receptors, resulted in fear generalization in NLRP3 KO mice because TAT-GluA2 3Y, but not SB242084 and D-cycloserine, treated blocked NLRP3 deprivation effects on fear generalization. Thus, global knockout of NLRP3 is associated with aberrant fear generalization, possibly through AMPA receptor signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weifen Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen key laboratory for endogenous infections, the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, No 89, Taoyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518052, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Qichao Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Wenhui Zhu
- Southern Medical University, Nanfang Hospital, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Tahir Ali
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Zhi-Jian Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen key laboratory for endogenous infections, the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, No 89, Taoyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518052, China.
| | - Shupeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Xiaoming Yu
- Cancer Center, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Di Meglio A, Vaz-Luis I. Systemic inflammation and cancer-related frailty: shifting the paradigm toward precision survivorship medicine. ESMO Open 2024; 9:102205. [PMID: 38194879 PMCID: PMC10820355 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.102205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Di Meglio
- Cancer Survivorship Group, INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif.
| | - I Vaz-Luis
- Cancer Survivorship Group, INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Interdisciplinary Department for the Organization of Patient Pathways (DIOPP), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao L, Guo S, Yang J, Wang Q, Lu X. Association between niacin intake and depression: A nationwide cross-sectional study. J Affect Disord 2023; 340:347-354. [PMID: 37572704 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between dietary intake and depression is receiving increasing attention. However, the relationship between depressive symptoms and niacin intake is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the association between niacin intake and depressive symptoms. METHODS We used univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression equations to explore the association between covariates or niacin intake and depression. Generalized additive models and smoothing fitted curves were used to examine the presence of nonlinear relationships. Upon finding a nonlinear relationship, a recursive algorithm was used to calculate the inflection point . Population differences were also explored through stratified analysis. RESULTS In the model adjusted for all covariates,the ORs (95 % CI) for the association between niacin intake and depression were 0.94 (0.87, 1.01), which was no statistical significance. However, the result of the linear trend test with quartiles of niacin intake indicated the association between niacin intake and depression may be U-shaped. The generalized additive model confirmed this U-shaped relationship, finding an inflection point (26.6 mg/d). An opposite relationship was observed before and after the inflection point, with ORs (95 % CI) of 0.77 (0.68, 0.87) before the inflection point and 1.13 (1.01, 1.28) after the inflection point. The association in men, Mexican American, White, adults aged<40, and BMI <30 was consistent with the overall tendency. CONCLUSION We found a U-shaped association between niacin intake and depression in the general American population, and the same association was observed in men, Mexican American, White, adults aged < 40, and BMI < 30.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leiyong Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shanshan Guo
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xixue Lu
- NeckShoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pawlowski T, Malyszczak K, Pawlak D, Inglot M, Zalewska M, Grzywacz A, Radkowski M, Laskus T, Janocha-Litwin J, Frydecka D. HTR1A, TPH2, and 5-HTTLPR Polymorphisms and Their Impact on the Severity of Depressive Symptoms and on the Concentration of Tryptophan Catabolites during Hepatitis C Treatment with Pegylated Interferon-α2a and Oral Ribavirin (PEG-IFN-α2a/RBV). Cells 2023; 12:cells12060970. [PMID: 36980311 PMCID: PMC10046909 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seeing that there are no data about associations between serotonin gene polymorphism and tryptophan catabolite concentration during PEG-IFN-α2a treatment, the aim of the current study is to examine (a) the associations between polymorphisms within the HTR1A, TPH2, and 5-HTT genes and the severity of depression symptoms and (b) the relationships among rs6295, rs4570625, and 5-HTTLPR rs25531polymorphisms and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity, as well as kynurenine (KYN), tryptophan (TRP), kynurenic acid (KA), and anthranilic acid (AA) concentrations. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study followed a prospective, longitudinal, single-center cohort design. The severity of the depressive symptoms of 101 adult patients with chronic HCV infections was measured during PEG-IFN-α2a/RBV treatment. We used the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) to assess the severity of depressive symptoms. The subjects were evaluated six times-at baseline and at weeks 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24. At all the time points, MADRS score, as well as KYN, TRP, KA, and AA concentrations, and IDO activity were measured. At baseline, rs6295, rs4570625, and 5-HTTLPR rs25531polymorphisms were assessed. RESULTS Subjects with C/C genotypes of 5-HT1A and lower-expressing alleles (S/S, LG/LG, and S/LG) of 5-HTTLPR scored the highest total MADRS scores and recorded the highest increase in MADRS scores during treatment. We found associations between TRP concentrations and the TPH-2 and 5-HTTLPR rs25531 genotypes. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide new data that we believe can help better understand infection-induced depression as a distinct type of depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Pawlowski
- Department of Psychiatry, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Dariusz Pawlak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Białystok, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Inglot
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Liver Diseases and Acquired Immune Deficiency, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Zalewska
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Liver Diseases and Acquired Immune Deficiency, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Grzywacz
- Independent Laboratory of Health Promotion, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marek Radkowski
- Department of Immunopathology of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Laskus
- Department of Adult Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Justyna Janocha-Litwin
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Frydecka
- Department of Psychiatry, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Knisely MR, Yang Q, Stauffer N, Kenney M, Ashley-Koch A, Myers J, Walker JKL, Tanabe PJ, Shah NR. Evaluating Associations between Average Pain Intensity and Genetic Variation in People with Sickle Cell Disease: An Exploratory Study. Pain Manag Nurs 2023; 24:12-18. [PMID: 36096903 PMCID: PMC9925395 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pain is one of the most common and deleterious symptoms experienced by individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD). There is a paucity of studies identifying potential genetic mechanisms of pain in this population. AIM Examine associations between 11 functional single nucleotide polymorphisms in 9 candidate genes with reports of average pain intensity in individuals with sickle cell disease. METHOD Cross-sectional analyses were performed on data and blood samples collected through the Duke SCD Implementation Consortium Registry. Participants were asked to rate their pain "on the average" using an 11-point numeric rating scale (0 = no pain; 10 = pain as bad as you can imagine). We genotyped 11 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 9 pain-related genes using TaqMan® Genotyping Assays. Associations between each polymorphism and reports of average pain were evaluated. RESULTS The 86 participants (mean age: 28.7 years; 64% female) included in this study reported moderate pain on average (Mean = 4, Standard Deviation = 2.4). ICAM1 rs1799969 was the only genetic polymorphism that was significantly associated with pain (p = .01). Individuals with one or more minor alleles had lower average pain (Mean = 1.25, Standard Deviation = 1.50) than individuals without a minor allele (Mean = 4.13, Standard Deviation = 2.25). The effect size for ICAM1 rs1799969 was 1.30, which is considered large. The effect sizes for all other single nucleotide polymorphisms ranged from small to medium (range: 0-0.3). CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide preliminary evidence that the minor allele in ICAM1 rs1799969 had protective effects against experiencing more severe pain in sickle cell disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Qing Yang
- Duke University School of Nursing, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Nic Stauffer
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Martha Kenney
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Allison Ashley-Koch
- Departments of Medicine and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Durham, North Carolina; Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - John Myers
- Duke University School of Nursing, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Paula J Tanabe
- Duke University School of Nursing, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Nirmish R Shah
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Satyanarayanan SK, Su H, Park HJ, Su KP. The west meets the east - A need for a renaissance in brain, behavior, and immunity research. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 107:292-294. [PMID: 36349642 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)-the burgeoning concept in recent years, can potentially contribute to developing effective treatments for mental health disorders. Despite the advancement in the modern pharmacological approach for mental disorders, especially Western medicine attributed explicitly to interacting with a specific target has given rise to unmet needs, and treatment failure has led to the proliferation and exploration of traditional and alternative therapies. As research into these exciting under-explored traditional treatment approaches continues to evolve at an unprecedented pace, the need to gain vital insights into the potentiality and mechanism of action in neuropsychiatric disorders has resulted in the current Special Issue. This Special Issue is devoted to psychoneuroimmunology, focusing on introducing the recent advances with traditional and alternative medications in East Asia at the interface of immunology, neurosciences, molecular psychiatry and behavioural medicine neurosciences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Senthil Kumaran Satyanarayanan
- Department of Psychiatry & Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huanxing Su
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Hi-Joon Park
- Department of Anatomy & Information Sciences, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Centre, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Kuan-Pin Su
- Department of Psychiatry & Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Klyushnik TP, Golimbet VE, Ivanov SV. [Immune mechanisms of complicity of somatic pathology in the pathogenesis of mental disorders]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2023; 123:20-27. [PMID: 37141125 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202312304220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms of the relationship between the nervous and immune systems within the framework of the concept of the key role of inflammation, taking into account the involved genetic factors in the development of a wide range of combined forms of somatic and mental diseases, is of interest for research as well as for the development of new approaches to early diagnosis and more effective treatment of these diseases. This review analyzes the immune mechanisms of the development of mental disorders in patients with somatic diseases, in particular, the transmission of an inflammatory signal from the periphery to the CNS and the implementation of the influence of inflammatory factors on neurochemical systems that determine the characteristics of mental functioning. Particular attention is paid to the processes underlying the disruption of the blood-brain barrier caused by peripheral inflammation. Modulation of neurotransmission, changes in neuroplasticity, changes in regional activity of the brain in areas associated with the functions of threat recognition, cognitive processes and memory function, the effect of cytokines on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system are considered as mechanisms of action of inflammatory factors in the brain. The need to take into account variations in the genes of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which may be the cause of increased genetic vulnerability associated with the risk mental disorders in patients suffering from a certain somatic disease, is emphasized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - S V Ivanov
- Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jee HJ, Ryu D, Kim S, Yeon SH, Son RH, Hwang SH, Jung YS. Fermented Perilla frutescens Ameliorates Depression-like Behavior in Sleep-Deprivation-Induced Stress Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010622. [PMID: 36614066 PMCID: PMC9820360 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive stress plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of mood disorders such as depression. Fermented natural products have recently attracted attention because of their health benefits. We evaluated the antidepressant-like efficacy of fermented Perilla frutescens (FPF), and its underlying mechanisms, in sleep deprivation (SD)-induced stress mice. SD-stressed mice revealed a remarkable increase in the immobility time in both forced swimming test and tail suspension test; this increase was ameliorated by treatment with FPF at doses of 100 and 150 mg/kg. FPF treatment also reduced the level of stress hormones such as corticosterone and adrenocorticotropic hormone. Additionally, FPF increased the levels of serotonin and dopamine which were significantly decreased in the brain tissues of SD-stressed mice. The increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL1β, and the decreased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the stressed mice were significantly reversed by FPF treatment. Furthermore, FPF also increased phosphorylation of tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK), and cAMP response element binding protein (CREB). Among the six components isolated from FPF, protocatechuic acid and luteolin-7-O-glucuronide exhibited significant antidepressant-like effects, suggesting that they are major active components. These findings suggest that FPF has therapeutic potential for SD-induced stress, by correcting dysfunction of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and modulating the BDNF/TrkB/ERK/CREB signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Jee
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- AI-Super Convergence KIURI Translational Research Center, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Dajung Ryu
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Suyeon Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hum Yeon
- R&D Center, Huons Co., Ltd., 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Rak Ho Son
- R&D Center, Huons Co., Ltd., 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Hwang
- R&D Center, Huons Co., Ltd., 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Yi-Sook Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-219-3444
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen YW, Hung CH. Fatigue in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C. Clin Nurs Res 2022; 32:767-775. [PMID: 36384333 DOI: 10.1177/10547738221136668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the factors associated with fatigue in chronic hepatitis C patients before and at 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 weeks after antiviral therapy. The study employed a prospective and repeated-measures design. The Chinese version of the brief fatigue inventory (BFI-C) and the Pittsburg sleep quality index (PSQI) were employed to collect data. Pegylated Interferon plus Ribavirin dosages and serum values (hemoglobin, alanine aminotransferase [ALT], and aspartate aminotransferase [AST]) were monitored before and during the antiviral therapy at 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 weeks. The study enlisted 115 patients as participants. Multivariate analysis indicated that gender, educational level, body mass index (BMI), and hemoglobin level were significant determinants of patients’ fatigue. When hemoglobin levels in the patients decreased in week 4 and continued to fall to the nadir at week 12, it prompted the healthcare providers to assess their fatigue levels and initiate proactive interventions as needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Wen Chen
- Department of Nursing, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chich-Hsiu Hung
- School of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gafarov VV, Gromova EA, Panov DO, Maksimov VN, Gagulin IN, Gafarova AV. Depression and polymorphism G-174C (rs1800795) of the <I>IL-6</I> gene in an open population of 25–44 year old in Russia/Siberia (WHO international program MONICA-psychosocial). NEUROLOGY, NEUROPSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOSOMATICS 2022. [DOI: 10.14412/2074-2711-2022-5-22-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Objective: to study the association of the G-174C (rs1800795) polymorphism of the IL-6 gene with depression in an open population of 25–44 year old in Novosibirsk.Patients and methods. In 2013–2016 years we examined 403 men (mean age – 34±0.4 years, response – 71%) and 531 women (mean age – 35±0.4 years, response – 72%) from an open population of 25–44 year old residents of the Oktyabrsky district, Novosibirsk, the sample was representative. Depression was assessed using the MONICA-MOPSY psychosocial questionnaire. Genotyping of the studied gene polymorphisms was carried out in the Laboratory of Molecular Genetic Research of Scientific Research Institute for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk.Results and discussion. A severe level of depression occurred in 12.8% of the population, among men – in 8.9%, among women – in 15.8%; and moderate level – in 24.5% of the population (among men – 21.3%, among women – 26.9%). The most common in the population was the heterozygous C/G genotype (45.1%), the G/G genotype was observed in 34.6% of the population and, finally, C/C in 20.3% of participants. The most common allele of the IL-6 gene of the G-174C polymorphism (rs1800795) was the G allele in 57.5% of the population, and the C allele in only 42.5%. Among carriers of the G/G genotype of the IL-6 gene, a moderate (39.7%) or severe level of depression (37.3%) prevailed, while there was no depression in the carriers of the C/C genotype of the IL-6 gene (24.2%; χ2 = 10.962; df=4; p=0.027). Carrying the C/G genotype of the IL-6 gene increased the chance of developing a severe level of depression by almost 2.9–3.3 times in comparison with the carriage of the C/C genotype. Among carriers of the G/G genotype of the IL-6 gene, a severe level of depression was 3.3 times more common than in carriers of the C/C genotype. Individuals carrying the G allele of the IL-6 gene were 1.6 times more likely to experience a severe level of depression than those carrying the C allele.Conclusion. The data obtained suggest that the carriage of the G allele of the G-174C polymorphism (rs1800795) of the IL-6 gene may be associated with a severe level of depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V. V. Gafarov
- Scientific Research Institute for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences;
Interdepartmental Laboratory of Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - E. A. Gromova
- Scientific Research Institute for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences;
Interdepartmental Laboratory of Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - D. O. Panov
- Scientific Research Institute for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences;
Interdepartmental Laboratory of Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - V. N. Maksimov
- Scientific Research Institute for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - I. N. Gagulin
- Scientific Research Institute for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences;
Interdepartmental Laboratory of Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - A. V. Gafarova
- Scientific Research Institute for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences;
Interdepartmental Laboratory of Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lampard-Scotford AR, McCauley A, Kuebel JA, Ibbott R, Mutapi F. Impact of parasitic infection on mental health and illness in humans in Africa: a systematic review. Parasitology 2022; 149:1003-1018. [PMID: 35549773 PMCID: PMC11010480 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182022000166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A growing body of research implicates inflammation as a potential pathway in the aetiology and pathophysiology of some mental illnesses. A systematic review was conducted to determine the association between parasitic infection and mental illnesses in humans in Africa and reviewed the state of the evidence available. The search focused on publications from Africa documenting the relationship between parasites from two parasite groups, helminths and protozoans, and four classifications of mental illness: mood affective disorders, neurotic and stress-related disorders, schizotypal disorders and unspecified mental illnesses. In the 26 reviewed papers, the prevalence of mental illness was significantly higher in people with parasitic infection compared to those without infection, i.e., 58.2% vs 41.8% (P < 0.001). An overall odds ratio found that the association of having a mental illness when testing positive for a parasitic infection was four times that of people without infection. Whilst the study showed significant associations between parasite infection and mental illness, it also highlights gaps in the present literature on the pathophysiology of mental illness in people exposed to parasite infection. This study highlighted the importance of an integrated intervention for parasitic infection and mental illness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra R. Lampard-Scotford
- Ashworth Laboratories, Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
- Ashworth Laboratories, NIHR Global Health Research Unit Tackling Infections to Benefit Africa (TIBA), University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
| | - Angela McCauley
- Ashworth Laboratories, Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
- Ashworth Laboratories, NIHR Global Health Research Unit Tackling Infections to Benefit Africa (TIBA), University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
| | - Julius Arthur Kuebel
- Ashworth Laboratories, Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
- Ashworth Laboratories, NIHR Global Health Research Unit Tackling Infections to Benefit Africa (TIBA), University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
| | - Rachel Ibbott
- Ashworth Laboratories, Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
- Ashworth Laboratories, NIHR Global Health Research Unit Tackling Infections to Benefit Africa (TIBA), University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
| | - Francisca Mutapi
- Ashworth Laboratories, Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
- Ashworth Laboratories, NIHR Global Health Research Unit Tackling Infections to Benefit Africa (TIBA), University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Drevets WC, Wittenberg GM, Bullmore ET, Manji HK. Immune targets for therapeutic development in depression: towards precision medicine. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2022; 21:224-244. [PMID: 35039676 PMCID: PMC8763135 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-021-00368-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, compelling evidence has emerged indicating that immune mechanisms can contribute to the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD) and that drugs with primary immune targets can improve depressive symptoms. Patients with MDD are heterogeneous with respect to symptoms, treatment responses and biological correlates. Defining a narrower patient group based on biology could increase the treatment response rates in certain subgroups: a major advance in clinical psychiatry. For example, patients with MDD and elevated pro-inflammatory biomarkers are less likely to respond to conventional antidepressant drugs, but novel immune-based therapeutics could potentially address their unmet clinical needs. This article outlines a framework for developing drugs targeting a novel patient subtype within MDD and reviews the current state of neuroimmune drug development for mood disorders. We discuss evidence for a causal role of immune mechanisms in the pathogenesis of depression, together with targets under investigation in randomized controlled trials, biomarker evidence elucidating the link to neural mechanisms, biological and phenotypic patient selection strategies, and the unmet clinical need among patients with MDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wayne C. Drevets
- grid.497530.c0000 0004 0389 4927Neuroscience, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Gayle M. Wittenberg
- grid.497530.c0000 0004 0389 4927Data Science, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, NJ USA
| | - Edward T. Bullmore
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,grid.450563.10000 0004 0412 9303Cambridgeshire & Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Husseini K. Manji
- grid.417429.dScience for Minds, Johnson & Johnson, New Brunswick, NJ USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wachowska K, Gałecki P. Inflammation and Cognition in Depression: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2021; 10:5859. [PMID: 34945157 PMCID: PMC8706670 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10245859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors aim to present a narrative review of research on the inflammatory aetiology of depression. Depression is a psychiatric disorder, constituting the most common reason of disability due to a health condition. It has been estimated that at least one in six people suffer from depression at some point of their lives. The aetiology of depression, although researched extensively all around the world, still remains unclear. Authors discuss the possible role of inflammation in depression, the neurodevelopmental theory of depression as well as associations between cognition and depression. Possible associations between memory dysfunction among depressive patients and inflammatory markers are included. The associations between the immune system, depression and cognition are observed. Possible mediating factors between these areas include personality traits, hormonal imbalance and functioning of the brain areas. The question as to what mediating factors are involved is still open to research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Wachowska
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Medical University of Lodz, 91-229 Lodz, Poland;
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Knack RS, Hanada T, Knack RS, Mayr K. Hashimoto's thyroiditis following SARS-CoV-2 infection. BMJ Case Rep 2021; 14:14/8/e244909. [PMID: 34373245 PMCID: PMC8354276 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-244909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases have long been considered one of the triggers for autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. Since the appearance of the new coronavirus in December 2019 in the city of Wuhan, China, there have been many reports suggesting that infection with coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) precedes the appearance of several autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. We describe a case report of a patient who was infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus and later developed a picture of Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Taliê Hanada
- Metropolitan University of Santos, Santos, Brazil
| | | | - Kamilla Mayr
- Metropolitan University of Santos, Santos, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Irfan M, Qazi SR, Shakeel M, Khan SA, Azam Z, Shahzad M, Khan IA. WITHDRAWN: Analysis of host genetic variations associated with response to anti-HCV therapies in global populations. Meta Gene 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2021.100884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
16
|
Florensa-Zanuy E, Garro-Martínez E, Adell A, Castro E, Díaz Á, Pazos Á, Mac-Dowell KS, Martín-Hernández D, Pilar-Cuéllar F. Cannabidiol antidepressant-like effect in the lipopolysaccharide model in mice: Modulation of inflammatory pathways. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 185:114433. [PMID: 33513342 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Major Depression is a severe psychiatric condition with a still poorly understood etiology. In the last years, evidence supporting the neuroinflammatory hypothesis of depression has increased. In the current clinical scenario, in which the available treatments for depression is far from optimal, there is an urgent need to develop fast-acting drugs with fewer side effects. In this regard, recent pieces of evidence suggest that cannabidiol (CBD), the major non-psychotropic component of Cannabis sativa with anti-inflammatory properties, appears as a drug with antidepressant properties. In this work, CBD 30 mg/kg was administered systemically to mice 30 min before lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 0.83 mg/kg) administration as a neuroinflammatory model, and behavioral tests for depressive-, anhedonic- and anxious-like behavior were performed. NF-ĸB, IκBα and PPARγ levels were analyzed by western blot in nuclear and cytosolic fractions of cortical samples. IL-6 and TNFα levels were determined in plasma and prefrontal cortex using ELISA and qPCR techniques, respectively. The precursor tryptophan (TRP), and its metabolites kynurenine (KYN) and serotonin (5-HT) were measured in hippocampus and cortex by HPLC. The ratios KYN/TRP and KYN/5-HT were used to estimate indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity and the balance of both metabolic pathways, respectively. CBD reduced the immobility time in the tail suspension test and increased sucrose preference in the LPS model, without affecting locomotion and central activity in the open-field test. CBD diminished cortical NF-ĸB activation, IL-6 levels in plasma and brain, and the increased KYN/TRP and KYN/5-HT ratios in hippocampus and cortex in the LPS model. Our results demonstrate that CBD produced antidepressant-like effects in the LPS neuroinflammatory model, associated to a reduction in the kynurenine pathway activation, IL-6 levels and NF-ĸB activation. As CBD stands out as a promising antidepressant drug, more research is needed to completely understand its mechanisms of action in depression linked to inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Florensa-Zanuy
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria-CSIC-SODERCAN, Santander, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Emilio Garro-Martínez
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria-CSIC-SODERCAN, Santander, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Albert Adell
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria-CSIC-SODERCAN, Santander, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Elena Castro
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria-CSIC-SODERCAN, Santander, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Álvaro Díaz
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria-CSIC-SODERCAN, Santander, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Ángel Pazos
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria-CSIC-SODERCAN, Santander, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Karina S Mac-Dowell
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Departmento de Farmacología y Toxicología. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), IUIN-UCM, Imas12 Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Martín-Hernández
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fuencisla Pilar-Cuéllar
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria-CSIC-SODERCAN, Santander, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Favalli EG. Understanding the Role of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the Joint and Beyond: A Comprehensive Review of IL-6 Inhibition for the Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Rheumatol Ther 2020; 7:473-516. [PMID: 32734482 PMCID: PMC7410942 DOI: 10.1007/s40744-020-00219-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, debilitating autoimmune disorder involving inflammation and progressive destruction of the joints, affecting up to 1% of the population. The majority of patients with RA have one or more comorbid conditions, the most common being cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and depression, the presence of which are associated with poorer clinical outcomes and lower health-related quality of life. RA pathogenesis is driven by a complex network of proinflammatory cells and cytokines, and of these, interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays a key role in the chronic inflammation associated with RA. Through cell signaling that can be initiated by both membrane-bound and soluble forms of its receptor, IL-6 acts both locally to promote joint inflammation and destruction, and in the circulation to mediate extra-articular manifestations of RA, including pain, fatigue, morning stiffness, anemia, and weight loss. This narrative review describes the role of IL-6 in the pathogenesis of RA, its comorbidities, and extra-articular systemic manifestations, and examines the effects of the IL-6 receptor inhibitors sarilumab and tocilizumab on clinical endpoints of RA, patient-reported outcomes, and common comorbidities and extra-articular manifestations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ennio G Favalli
- Department of Rheumatology, ASST Gaetano Pini-CTO Institute, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sun CF, Chiu WC, Chen PC, Chang HC, Guu TW, Shityakov S, Miller AH, Felger JC, Chang JPC, Su KP. Depression-free after Interferon-α exposure indicates less incidence of depressive disorder: A longitudinal study in Taiwan. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 88:125-131. [PMID: 32434045 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IFN-α-induced depression in patients undergoing hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment provides powerful support for the inflammation hypothesis of depression. Most studies have focused on the occurrence of depressive symptoms, but there has been no study yet in depression-free HCV patients receiving IFN-α. We hypothesized that HCV patients who did not develop depression after IFN-α exposure might have a lower incidence of depressive disorders after the IFN-α treatment. METHODS We conducted a twelve-year population-based cohort study of chronic HCV patients who received IFN-α therapy. The data were obtained from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. The study cohort was patients without any depressive disorder nor antidepressant use before and during IFN-α therapy. They were matched randomly by age, sex income and urbanization at a ratio of 1:4 with the control cohort of HCV patients without IFN-α therapy. The follow-up started after the last administration of IFN-α, and the primary outcome was the incidence of depressive disorders after IFN-α therapy. RESULTS A total of 20,468 depression-free subjects were identified from records of HCV patients receiving IFN-α therapy. Patients without IFN-α-induced depression were associated with a significantly lower incidence (per 10,000 person-years) of new-onset depressive disorders (126.8, 95% Confidential Interval [CI] of 118.5-135.6) as compared to the control cohort (145.2, 95% CI of 140.0-150.6) (p < 0.001). After adjusting for age, sex, income, urbanization and comorbid diseases, the crude hazard ratio for the incident depressive disorder was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.80-0.87) and the adjusted hazard ratios was 0.79 (95% CI, 0.72-0.87) for IFN-α-induced depression-free subjects as compared to the controls. DISCUSSION Our study indicates that IFN-α treated depression-free patients have a lower risk for depressive disorders. This hypothesized mechanism might derive from an IFN-α-induced resilience factor as yet to be defined. CONCLUSIONS Our study might suggest a new possibility for a new pharmacological strategy against depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Fang Sun
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Che Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Pau-Chung Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chih Chang
- School of Health Care Administration, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, UK
| | - Ta-Wei Guu
- Department of Psychiatry & Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Division of Psychiatry, Departments of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Sergey Shityakov
- Department of Psychiatry & Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Bioinformatics, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andrew H Miller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jennifer C Felger
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jane Pei-Chen Chang
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, UK; Department of Psychiatry & Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Pin Su
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry & Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Pedraz-Petrozzi B, Neumann E, Sammer G. Pro-inflammatory markers and fatigue in patients with depression: A case-control study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9494. [PMID: 32528052 PMCID: PMC7289841 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66532-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate differences between depressed subjects (PG) and non-depressed healthy control participants (HCG) with regard to fatigue dimensions and inflammation. For this purpose, 43 participants in the PG and 51 participants in the HCG were included in the study. IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and CRP were assessed in venous blood samples. Fatigue and depression were assessed using the FIS-D and BDI-FS questionnaires. Main results showed higher BDI-FS values in PG. Moreover, PG showed mean differences for fatigue dimensions when compared to the HCG. For the pro-inflammatory markers, a moderate group effect was found between PG and HCG which was mainly caused by IL-6. Correlations between TNF-α and BDI-FS, TNF-α and cognitive fatigue, TNF-α and psychosocial fatigue were found within the PG. In the HCG, correlations were found between IL-6, TNF-α and somatic fatigue, as well as IL-6 and cognitive fatigue. Significant correlations were found between the psychological variables in both groups. All results were controlled for the confounding variables gender, age, BMI and multiple comparisons. These results suggest the presence of inflammation in both depression and fatigue. However, each correlates with different pro-inflammatory parameters, suggesting a biological heterogeneity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Pedraz-Petrozzi
- Cognitive Neurosciences at the Center for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Hessen, Germany.
| | - Elena Neumann
- Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Campus Kerckhoff, Justus-Liebig University, Bad Nauheim, Hessen, Germany
| | - Gebhard Sammer
- Cognitive Neurosciences at the Center for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Hessen, Germany
- Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Hessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Atone J, Wagner K, Hashimoto K, Hammock BD. Cytochrome P450 derived epoxidized fatty acids as a therapeutic tool against neuroinflammatory diseases. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2020; 147:106385. [PMID: 31698143 PMCID: PMC7067627 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2019.106385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) metabolism of arachidonic acid (ARA) produces epoxy fatty acids (EpFAs) such as epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) that are known to exert protective effects in inflammatory disorders. Endogenous EpFAs are further metabolized into corresponding diols by the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Through inhibition of sEH, many studies have demonstrated the cardioprotective and renoprotective effects of EpFAs; however, the role of sEH inhibition in modulating the pathogenesis of neuroinflammatory disorders is less well described. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge surrounding the effects of sEH inhibition and EpFA action in neuroinflammatory disorders such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), stroke, depression, epilepsy, and Alzheimer's Disease (AD), as well as the potential mechanisms that underlie the therapeutic effects of sEH inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jogen Atone
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Karen Wagner
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Kenji Hashimoto
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
A biocultural approach to psychiatric illnesses. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:2923-2936. [PMID: 30721322 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-5178-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE As a species, humans are vulnerable to numerous mental disorders, including depression and schizophrenia. This susceptibility may be due to the evolution of our large, complex brains, or perhaps because these illnesses counterintuitively confer some adaptive advantage. Additionally, cultural and biological factors may contribute to susceptibility and variation in mental illness experience and expression. Taking a holistic perspective could strengthen our understanding of these illnesses in diverse cultural contexts. OBJECTIVES This paper reviews some of these potential factors and contextualizes mental disorders within a biocultural framework. RESULTS There is growing evidence that suggests cultural norms may influence inflammation, neurotransmitters, and neurobiology, as well as the illness experience. Specific examples include variation in schizophrenia delusions between countries, differences in links between inflammation and emotion between the United States and Japan, and differences in brain activity between Caucasian and Asian participants indicating that cultural values may moderate cognitive processes related to social cognition and interoception. CONCLUSIONS Research agendas that are grounded in an appreciation of biocultural diversity as it relates to psychiatric illness represent key areas for truly interdisciplinary research that can result in culturally sensitive treatments and highlight possible biological variation affecting medical treatment.
Collapse
|
22
|
Knisely MR, Maserati M, Heinsberg LW, Shah LL, Li H, Zhu Y, Ma Y, Graves LY, Merriman JD, Conley YP. Symptom Science: Advocating for Inclusion of Functional Genetic Polymorphisms. Biol Res Nurs 2019; 21:349-354. [PMID: 31023072 PMCID: PMC6700869 DOI: 10.1177/1099800419846407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Incorporating biologically based data into symptom science research can contribute substantially to understanding commonly experienced symptoms across chronic conditions. The purpose of this literature review was to identify functional polymorphisms associated with common symptoms (i.e., pain, sleep disturbance, fatigue, affective and cognitive symptoms) with the goal of identifying a parsimonious list of functional genetic polymorphisms with evidence to advocate for their inclusion in symptom science research. PubMed was searched to identify genes and functional polymorphisms associated with symptoms across chronic conditions, revealing eight functional genetic polymorphisms in seven different genes that showed evidence of association with at least three or more symptoms and/or symptom clusters: BDNF rs6265, COMT rs4680, FKBP5 rs3800373, IL-6 rs1800795, NFKB2 rs1056890, SLC6A4 5-HTTLPR+rs25531, and TNFA rs1799964 and rs1800629. Of these genes, three represent protein biomarkers previously identified as common data elements for symptom science research (BDNF, IL-6, and TNFA), and the polymorphisms in these genes identified through the search are known to impact secretion or level of transcription of these protein biomarkers. Inclusion of genotype data for polymorphisms offers great potential to further advance scientific knowledge of the biological basis of individual symptoms and symptom clusters across studies. Additionally, these polymorphisms have the potential to be used as targets to optimize precision health through the identification of individuals at risk for poor symptom experiences as well as the development of symptom management interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Megan Maserati
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Lisa L. Shah
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hongjin Li
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yehui Zhu
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yumi Ma
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - John D. Merriman
- New York University Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yvette P. Conley
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Choy EHS, Calabrese LH. Neuroendocrine and neurophysiological effects of interleukin 6 in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2019; 57:1885-1895. [PMID: 29186541 PMCID: PMC6199533 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kex391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
RA is a chronic, systemic, autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation and degradation of the joints, causing significant negative impact on quality of life. In addition to joint disease, symptoms and co-morbidities associated with RA-namely pain, fatigue and mood disorders-are often as debilitating as the disease itself. The pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 plays a critical role in RA-associated pathology. However, a greater understanding of the translational effects of IL-6 outside of the immune system is needed. This review discusses our current understanding of emerging aspects of IL-6 in RA-associated pain, fatigue and mood disorders such as depression and anxiety. This review also describes the clinical effects of IL-6 inhibition on these symptoms and co-morbidities in patients with RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ernest H S Choy
- Section of Rheumatology, Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kim YK, Amidfar M, Won E. A review on inflammatory cytokine-induced alterations of the brain as potential neural biomarkers in post-traumatic stress disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 91:103-112. [PMID: 29932946 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The heterogeneity of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms indicates that multiple neurobiological mechanisms underlie the pathophysiology of the condition. However, no generally accepted PTSD biomarkers in clinical practice currently exist. The sequential responses to recurrent and chronic stress by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the autonomic nervous system (ANS) system are considered to play a significant role in the onset and progression of PTSD. Decreased activity of the HPA axis and parasympathetic nervous system, along with increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system, have been observed in PTSD, which may lead to increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Such heightened activity of the immune system may cause alterations in the structure and function of brain regions-for example, the amygdala, hippocampus, medial prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and insula-through changes in levels of serotonin and kynurenine pathway metabolites, and direct neurotoxic effects of cytokines. Although chronic inflammation-induced alterations in brain regions critical in controlling emotional behavior and fear regulation may represent a strong candidate biomarker of PTSD, future studies are necessary to further elucidate inflammation-associated neural biomarkers of PTSD. Continued research on therapeutic methods that involve the normalization of the HPA axis, ANS, and immune system is expected to contribute to the development of novel ways to treat PTSD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ku Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Meysam Amidfar
- Department of Neuroscience, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Eunsoo Won
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
McQuaid RJ, Gabrys RL, McInnis OA, Anisman H, Matheson K. Understanding the Relation Between Early-Life Adversity and Depression Symptoms: The Moderating Role of Sex and an Interleukin-1β Gene Variant. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:151. [PMID: 30967802 PMCID: PMC6438954 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), are thought to play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of depression within a subset of individuals. However, the involvement of IL-1β has not been as consistently linked to depression, possibly owing to difficulties in detecting this cytokine in blood samples or that changes in circulating levels might only be apparent in a subgroup of patients who have experienced early-life adversity. From this perspective, the association between early-life adversity and depressive illness might depend on genetic variants regulating IL-1β activity. Considering the inflammatory-depression link, and that women are twice as likely to experience depression compared to men, the current study (N = 475 university students) examined the moderating role of three independent cytokine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; IL-1β rs16944, IL-6 rs1800795 SNP, TNF-α rs1800629) in the relationship between early-life adversity and depressive symptoms, and whether these relations differed between males and females. The relation between childhood adversity and depressive symptoms was moderated by the IL-1β SNP, and further varied according to sex. Specifically, among females, higher childhood maltreatment was accompanied by elevated depressive symptoms irrespective of the IL-1β SNP, but among males, this relationship was particularly pronounced for those carrying the GG genotype of the IL-1β SNP. These findings suggest that, in the context of early life adversity, genetic variations of IL-1β functioning are related to depressive symptomatology and this may vary among males and females. The present study also, more broadly, highlights the importance of considering the confluence of experiential factors (e.g., early life adversity) and personal characteristics (e.g., sex and genetics) in understanding depressive disorders, an approach increasingly recognized in developing personalized treatment approaches to this illness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robyn J. McQuaid
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Robert L. Gabrys
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Opal A. McInnis
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Hymie Anisman
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kimberly Matheson
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Herman FJ, Simkovic S, Pasinetti GM. Neuroimmune nexus of depression and dementia: Shared mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:3558-3584. [PMID: 30632147 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctional immune activity is a physiological component of both Alzheimer's disease (AD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). The extent to which altered immune activity influences the development of their respective cognitive symptoms and neuropathologies remains under investigation. It is evident, however, that immune activity affects neuronal function and circuit integrity. In both disorders, alterations are present in similar immune networks and neuroendocrine signalling pathways, immune responses persist in overlapping neuroanatomical locations, and morphological and structural irregularities are noted in similar domains. Epidemiological studies have also linked the two disorders, and their genetic and environmental risk factors intersect along immune-activating pathways and can be synonymous with one another. While each of these disorders individually contains a large degree of heterogeneity, their shared immunological components may link distinct phenotypes within each disorder. This review will therefore highlight the shared immune pathways of AD and MDD, their overlapping neuroanatomical features, and previously applied, as well as novel, approaches to pharmacologically manipulate immune pathways, in each neurological condition. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Therapeutics for Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease: New Directions for Precision Medicine. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.18/issuetoc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francis J Herman
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Sherry Simkovic
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Giulio M Pasinetti
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York City, New York, USA.,Geriatrics Research. Education, and Clinical Center, JJ Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wu H, Denna TH, Storkersen JN, Gerriets VA. Beyond a neurotransmitter: The role of serotonin in inflammation and immunity. Pharmacol Res 2019; 140:100-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
28
|
Langgartner D, Lowry CA, Reber SO. Old Friends, immunoregulation, and stress resilience. Pflugers Arch 2019; 471:237-269. [PMID: 30386921 PMCID: PMC6334733 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-018-2228-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There is a considerable body of evidence indicating that chronic adverse experience, especially chronic psychosocial stress/trauma, represents a major risk factor for the development of many somatic and affective disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the mechanisms underlying the development of chronic stress-associated disorders are still in large part unknown, and current treatment and prevention strategies lack efficacy and reliability. A greater understanding of mechanisms involved in the development and persistence of chronic stress-induced disorders may lead to novel approaches to prevention and treatment of these disorders. In this review, we provide evidence indicating that increases in immune (re-)activity and inflammation, potentially promoted by a reduced exposure to immunoregulatory microorganisms ("Old Friends") in today's modern society, may be causal factors in mediating the vulnerability to development and persistence of stress-related pathologies. Moreover, we discuss strategies to increase immunoregulatory processes and attenuate inflammation, as for instance contact with immunoregulatory Old Friends, which appears to be a promising strategy to promote stress resilience and to prevent/treat chronic stress-related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Langgartner
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychosomatics, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christopher A Lowry
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC), Denver, CO, 80220, USA
- Military and Veteran Microbiome Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Denver, CO, 80220, USA
| | - Stefan O Reber
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychosomatics, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Russell A, Hepgul N, Nikkheslat N, Borsini A, Zajkowska Z, Moll N, Forton D, Agarwal K, Chalder T, Mondelli V, Hotopf M, Cleare A, Murphy G, Foster G, Wong T, Schütze GA, Schwarz MJ, Harrison N, Zunszain PA, Pariante CM. Persistent fatigue induced by interferon-alpha: a novel, inflammation-based, proxy model of chronic fatigue syndrome. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 100:276-285. [PMID: 30567628 PMCID: PMC6350004 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The role of immune or infective triggers in the pathogenesis of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) is not yet fully understood. Barriers to obtaining immune measures at baseline (i.e., before the trigger) in CFS and post-infective fatigue model cohorts have prevented the study of pre-existing immune dysfunction and subsequent immune changes in response to the trigger. This study presents interferon-alpha (IFN-α)-induced persistent fatigue as a model of CFS. IFN-α, which is used in the treatment of chronic Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection, induces a persistent fatigue in some individuals, which does not abate post-treatment, that is, once there is no longer immune activation. This model allows for the assessment of patients before and during exposure to the immune trigger, and afterwards when the original trigger is no longer present. Fifty-five patients undergoing IFN-α treatment for chronic HCV were assessed at baseline, during the 6-12 months of IFN-α treatment, and at six-months post-treatment. Measures of fatigue, cytokines and kynurenine pathway metabolites were obtained. Fifty-four CFS patients and 57 healthy volunteers completed the same measures at a one-off assessment, which were compared with post-treatment follow-up measures from the HCV patients. Eighteen patients undergoing IFN-α treatment (33%) were subsequently defined as having 'persistent fatigue' (the proposed model for CFS), if their levels of fatigue were higher six-months post-treatment than at baseline; the other 67% were considered 'resolved fatigue'. Patients who went on to develop persistent fatigue experienced a greater increase in fatigue symptoms over the first four weeks of IFN-α, compared with patients who did not (Δ Treatment Week (TW)-0 vs. TW4; PF: 7.1 ± 1.5 vs. RF: 4.0 ± 0.8, p = 0.046). Moreover, there was a trend towards increased baseline interleukin (IL)-6, and significantly higher baseline IL-10 levels, as well as higher levels of these cytokines in response to IFN-α treatment, alongside concurrent increases in fatigue. Levels increased to more than double those of the other patients by Treatment Week (TW)4 (p = 0.011 for IL-6 and p = 0.001 for IL-10). There was no evidence of an association between persistent fatigue and peripheral inflammation six-months post-treatment, nor did we observe peripheral inflammation in the CFS cohort. While there were changes in kynurenine metabolites in response to IFN-α, there was no association with persistent fatigue. CFS patients had lower levels of the ratio of kynurenine to tryptophan and 3-hydroxykynurenine than controls. Future studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms behind the initial exaggerated response of the immune system in those who go on to experience persistent fatigue even if the immune trigger is no longer present, and the change from acute to chronic fatigue in the absence of continued peripheral immune activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Russell
- Dept. of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.
| | - Nilay Hepgul
- Dept. of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.
| | - Naghmeh Nikkheslat
- Dept. of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.
| | - Alessandra Borsini
- Dept. of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.
| | - Zuzanna Zajkowska
- Dept. of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.
| | - Natalie Moll
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Daniel Forton
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Kosh Agarwal
- Institute of Liver Studies, Kings College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Trudie Chalder
- Dept. of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Chronic Fatigue Service, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Maudsley Hospital, London, UK.
| | - Valeria Mondelli
- Dept. of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.
| | - Matthew Hotopf
- Dept. of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.
| | - Anthony Cleare
- Dept. of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.
| | - Gabrielle Murphy
- The Royal Free London Fatigue Service, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Graham Foster
- Gastrointestinal and Liver services Department, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK.
| | - Terry Wong
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
| | - Gregor A. Schütze
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus J. Schwarz
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Neil Harrison
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK.
| | - Patricia A. Zunszain
- Dept. of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, UK
| | - Carmine M. Pariante
- Dept. of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Irwin MR, Cole S, Olmstead R, Breen EC, Cho JJ, Moieni M, Eisenberger NI. Moderators for depressed mood and systemic and transcriptional inflammatory responses: a randomized controlled trial of endotoxin. Neuropsychopharmacology 2019; 44:635-641. [PMID: 30391995 PMCID: PMC6333799 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-018-0259-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the innate immune system is thought to contribute to depression. Multiple social and behavioral factors are also known to instigate depression. Whether these socio-behavioral factors interact with inflammatory stimuli to alter proinflammatory responses and depressed mood is not known. In 115 healthy adults, social, emotional, and behavioral factors were assessed at baseline. A single infusion of endotoxin (Escherichia coli; 0.8 ng/kg of body weight) or placebo (0.9% saline) was administered with hourly assessment of depressed mood and proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 (IL-6); tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF)). Inflammatory gene expression was examined at 30 min after infusion, prior to increase of inflammatory cytokines. As compared to placebo, endotoxin-induced increases of depressed mood were moderated by baseline levels of perceived stress, trait sensitivity to social disconnection, and severity of symptoms of anxiety and depression (all Ps < 0.05) but not early life stress, social status, social support, neuroticism, or sleep disturbance. Anxiety symptoms remained significant in multivariable analyses (P < 0.01). None of these socio-behavioral factors were related to increases in proinflammatory cytokines. Transcriptome profiling analyses indicated that perceived stress, sensitivity to social disconnection, and depressive symptoms were associated with increased activation of pro-inflammatory transcription control pathways (i.e., activator protein-1, nuclear factor-κB) in response to endotoxin (all Ps < 0.05). These results indicate that an array of socio-behavioral factors, which are associated with depression risk, modify vulnerability to inflammation-induced depressed mood. Together, these observations may be used to help target therapeutic interventions to mitigate occurrence of the inflammatory biotype of depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Irwin
- 0000 0000 9632 6718grid.19006.3eCousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA ,0000 0000 9632 6718grid.19006.3eDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Steve Cole
- 0000 0000 9632 6718grid.19006.3eCousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Richard Olmstead
- 0000 0000 9632 6718grid.19006.3eCousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Elizabeth C. Breen
- 0000 0000 9632 6718grid.19006.3eCousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Joshua Jin Cho
- 0000 0000 9632 6718grid.19006.3eCousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Mona Moieni
- 0000 0000 9632 6718grid.19006.3eCousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA ,0000 0000 9632 6718grid.19006.3eDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Naomi I. Eisenberger
- 0000 0000 9632 6718grid.19006.3eDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Immunological Aspects of Depressive Disorder – The Review. SERBIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/sjecr-2018-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Depression represents a mood disorder and is considered to be one of the most common mental disorders in general. World Health Organization estimates that depression will be the leading cause of disability-adjusted life years, until 2030. Depression is a complex heterogeneous disorder where immune system and its regulation play an important role. Innate and adaptive immunity mecha nisms are included, along with processes of immune activation and suppression. The expression of humoral factors of innate immunity, especially pro-inflammatory cytokines, is increased, whereas the intensity of cellular immune mechanisms, primarily T cells and NK cells, are impaired. The influence of pro-inflammatory cytokines on depression is reflected in their effect on certain enzymes and ensuing reduction of neurotransmitters serotonin and dopamine. They also affect the neuroendocrine function in central nervous system, resulting in increase of cortisol levels and inactivation of glucocorticoid receptors in the periphery, which leads to neurodegeneration and decrease in neurotransmitter production. Certain cytokines affect neuroplasticity through the decreasing of concentration of neurotrophic brain factor and induction of brain cell apoptosis. The results are often contradictory talking about mechanisms of adaptive immunity. On one hand, an increased activity of Tlymphocytes is observed, while on the other, there are evidence of spontaneous apoptosis and impaired function of these cells in depression. In addition, neuroprotective role of autoreactive and regulatory T cells in prevention of depression has also been demonstrated. The aim of this paper is to analyze the current knowledge on the role of immune mechanisms in the pathogenesis of depression.
Collapse
|
32
|
Role of Inflammation in Psychiatric Disorders. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1192:491-501. [PMID: 31705510 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-32-9721-0_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders are too multifactorial to be defined as a primarily inflammatory disorder, and increased inflammatory response is not specific to mental disorder only. Numerous factors are involved in neuroinflammation, and there also are many confounding variables, making it difficult to obtain consistent outcomes. Therefore, it is necessary to specify genetic, physiological, and epidemiological attributes of particular population groups vulnerable to inflammatory response as well as the disease subtypes. As of now, definitive inflammatory markers for psychiatric disorders have not been identified, but they could be very useful in patients with minimal vulnerability. In addition, it is possible to use inflammatory markers as depression biomarkers in subtypes of depression, which can serve as bases to develop medications to treat the disorder.
Collapse
|
33
|
Mustafin RN, Enikeeva RF, Davydova YD, Khusnutdinova EK. The Role of Epigenetic Factors in the Development of Depressive Disorders. RUSS J GENET+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795418120104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
34
|
Bhattacharya A, Jones DNC. Emerging role of the P2X7-NLRP3-IL1β pathway in mood disorders. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018; 98:95-100. [PMID: 30121550 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The science of neuroimmunopsychiatry has evolved rapidly in the last few years with the hope of tackling the unmet need in mood disorders. This article focuses on an inflammatory pathway, highly conserved in myeloid cells that may play a role in neuroinflammatory disorders including depression. Within the brain tissue, microglia are the myeloid cells that express the P2X7 ion channel that is connected through the NLRP3 inflammasome complex leading to release of IL-1β and IL-18. We present, in the way of reviewing relevant literature, the preclinical data and scientific rationale supporting the role of the P2X7-NLRP3-IL-1β pathway in mood disorders. We also highlight recent advances in drug discovery and development of P2X7 small molecule antagonists and P2X7 PET ligands which provide optimism that clinical tools are availableto address critical proof-of-concept experiments in mood disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anindya Bhattacharya
- Janssen Research & Development, Neuroscience Therapeutic Area, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121, United States.
| | - Declan N C Jones
- Neuroscience External Innovation, Johnson & Johnson Innovation Centre, One Chapel Place, London, W1G 0BG, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Cui W, Ning Y, Hong W, Wang J, Liu Z, Li MD. Crosstalk Between Inflammation and Glutamate System in Depression: Signaling Pathway and Molecular Biomarkers for Ketamine's Antidepressant Effect. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:3484-3500. [PMID: 30140973 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1306-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a worldwide illness with a significant impact on both family and society. Conventional antidepressants are ineffective for more than 30% of patients. In such patients, who have what is called treatment-resistant depression (TRD), inflammatory biomarkers are expressed excessively in both the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral blood. Ketamine, a glutamate receptor antagonist, exerts a rapid and sustained therapeutic effect in patients with TRD. Thus, the investigation of the relations between inflammation and glutamate underlying depression has drawn great attention. Inflammation influences glutamate release, transmission, and metabolism, resulting in accumulated extracellular glutamate in the CNS. Downstream of the glutamate receptors, the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway plays a key role in mediating ketamine's antidepressant effect by improving neurogenesis and plasticity. Based on the mechanism and clinical evidence of the inflammatory contribution to the pathogenesis of depression, extensive research has been devoted to inflammatory biomarkers of the clinical response of depression to ketamine. The inconsistent findings from the biomarker investigations are at least partially attributable to the heterogeneity of depression, limited sample size, and complex gene-environment interactions. Deep exploration of the clinical observations and the underlying mechanism of ketamine's antidepressant response can provide new insights into the selection of specific groups of depressed patients for ketamine treatment and to aid in monitoring the therapeutic effect during antidepressant medication. Further, targeting persistent inflammation in patients with TRD and the key molecules mediating ketamine's antidepressant effect may encourage the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yuping Ning
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wu Hong
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ju Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhening Liu
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming D Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. .,Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Shadrina M, Bondarenko EA, Slominsky PA. Genetics Factors in Major Depression Disease. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:334. [PMID: 30083112 PMCID: PMC6065213 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Depressive disorders (DDs) are one of the most widespread forms of psychiatric pathology. According to the World Health Organization, about 350 million people in the world are affected by this condition. Family and twin studies have demonstrated that the contribution of genetic factors to the risk of the onset of DDs is quite large. Various methodological approaches (analysis of candidate genes, genome-wide association analysis, genome-wide sequencing) have been used, and a large number of the associations between genes and different clinical DD variants and DD subphenotypes have been published. However, in most cases, these associations have not been confirmed in replication studies, and only a small number of genes have been proven to be associated with DD development risk. To ascertain the role of genetic factors in DD pathogenesis, further investigations of the relevant conditions are required. Special consideration should be given to the polygenic characteristics noted in whole-genome studies of the heritability of the disorder without a pronounced effect of the major gene. These observations accentuate the relevance of the analysis of gene-interaction roles in DD development and progression. It is important that association studies of the inherited variants of the genome should be supported by analysis of dynamic changes during DD progression. Epigenetic changes that cause modifications of a gene's functional state without changing its coding sequence are of primary interest. However, the opportunities for studying changes in the epigenome, transcriptome, and proteome during DD are limited by the nature of the disease and the need for brain tissue analysis, which is possible only postmortem. Therefore, any association studies between DD pathogenesis and epigenetic factors must be supplemented through the use of different animal models of depression. A threefold approach comprising the combination of gene association studies, assessment of the epigenetic state in DD patients, and analysis of different "omic" changes in animal depression models will make it possible to evaluate the contribution of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors to the development of different forms of depression and to help develop ways to decrease the risk of depression and improve the treatment of DD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Shadrina
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Hereditary Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena A Bondarenko
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Hereditary Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Petr A Slominsky
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Hereditary Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Smith R, Alkozei A, Killgore WDS, Lane RD. Nested positive feedback loops in the maintenance of major depression: An integration and extension of previous models. Brain Behav Immun 2018; 67:374-397. [PMID: 28943294 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Several theories of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) have previously been proposed, focusing largely on either a psychological (i.e., cognitive/affective), biological, or neural/computational level of description. These theories appeal to somewhat distinct bodies of work that have each highlighted separate factors as being of considerable potential importance to the maintenance of MDD. Such factors include a range of cognitive/attentional information-processing biases, a range of structural and functional brain abnormalities, and also dysregulation within the autonomic, endocrine, and immune systems. However, to date there have been limited efforts to integrate these complimentary perspectives into a single multi-level framework. Here we review previous work in each of these MDD research domains and illustrate how they can be synthesized into a more comprehensive model of how a depressive episode is maintained. In particular, we emphasize how plausible (but insufficiently studied) interactions between the various MDD-related factors listed above can lead to a series of nested positive feedback loops, which are each capable of maintaining an individual in a depressive episode. We also describe how these different feedback loops could be active to different degrees in different individual cases, potentially accounting for heterogeneity in both depressive symptoms and treatment response. We conclude by discussing how this integrative model might extend understanding of current treatment mechanisms, and also potentially guide the search for markers to inform treatment selection in individual cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Smith
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| | - Anna Alkozei
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Richard D Lane
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Shattuck EC. Ecological Context and Human Variation: Applying the Principles of Biological Anthropology to Psychoneuroimmunology. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1781:55-76. [PMID: 29705842 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7828-1_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
There is considerable research interest overlap between biological anthropology and psychoneuroimmunology (PNI), particularly given recent anthropological interest in endocrine and immune system functioning over the life span and in different environmental contexts. In this chapter, I argue that conducting research on non-WEIRD populations and applying an anthropological, evolutionary approach to PNI can greatly strengthen our understanding of immune-endocrine-behavior connections. This chapter reviews population-level variation in the human immune and endocrine systems, as well as genetic and environmental contributions to this variation. The effects of culture on shaping health outcomes and stress responses are also considered. Finally, this chapter discusses some noninvasive sampling methodologies appropriate to field research and alternatives to laboratory-based research designs. By confronting variable social and environmental contexts, PNI can greatly expand on its existing contributions to the treatment and understanding of depression, mood disorders, stress, and other aspects of health and well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric C Shattuck
- Department of Anthropology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Replicable and Coupled Changes in Innate and Adaptive Immune Gene Expression in Two Case-Control Studies of Blood Microarrays in Major Depressive Disorder. Biol Psychiatry 2018; 83:70-80. [PMID: 28688579 PMCID: PMC5720346 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral inflammation is often associated with major depressive disorder (MDD), and immunological biomarkers of depression remain a focus of investigation. METHODS We used microarray data on whole blood from two independent case-control studies of MDD: the GlaxoSmithKline-High-Throughput Disease-specific target Identification Program [GSK-HiTDiP] study (113 patients and 57 healthy control subjects) and the Janssen-Brain Resource Company study (94 patients and 100 control subjects). Genome-wide differential gene expression analysis (18,863 probes) resulted in a p value for each gene in each study. A Bayesian method identified the largest p-value threshold (q = .025) associated with twice the number of genes differentially expressed in both studies compared with the number of coincidental case-control differences expected by chance. RESULTS A total of 165 genes were differentially expressed in both studies with concordant direction of fold change. The 90 genes overexpressed (or UP genes) in MDD were significantly enriched for immune response to infection, were concentrated in a module of the gene coexpression network associated with innate immunity, and included clusters of genes with correlated expression in monocytes, monocyte-derived dendritic cells, and neutrophils. In contrast, the 75 genes underexpressed (or DOWN genes) in MDD were associated with the adaptive immune response and included clusters of genes with correlated expression in T cells, natural killer cells, and erythroblasts. Consistently, the MDD patients with overexpression of UP genes also had underexpression of DOWN genes (correlation > .70 in both studies). CONCLUSIONS MDD was replicably associated with proinflammatory activation of the peripheral innate immune system, coupled with relative inactivation of the adaptive immune system, indicating the potential of transcriptional biomarkers for immunological stratification of patients with depression.
Collapse
|
40
|
Differences in immunomodulatory properties between venlafaxine and paroxetine in patients with major depressive disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018; 87:108-118. [PMID: 29055264 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Revised: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory processes play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of depression, and identifying the specific cytokines targeted by different antidepressants is important for personalized treatment. The aims of this study were to examine whether venlafaxine and paroxetine cause different immunomodulatory effects when used to treat patients with major depression and to clarify the relationships between plasma cytokine levels and the therapeutic effectiveness of these drugs. A total of 91 Han Chinese patients with major depression completed the 8-week paroxetine or venlafaxine treatment and 90 healthy controls were recruited. A multiplex assay was used to measure cytokines levels in patients with major depression before and after an 8-week venlafaxine and paroxetine treatment. Cytokine levels were measured in healthy controls at the baseline. The 21-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale was used to assess the changes in psychopathological symptoms from the baseline to the end point in each patient. Venlafaxine treatment caused greater decreases in the levels of interferon gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 4 (IL-4), IL-5, IL-1β, and IL-8 than did paroxetine. Paroxetine treatment increased the levels of proinflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-6 and decreased Th2 cytokine levels. After paroxetine treatment, IL-6 levels increased more in the non-remitter group than in the remitter group. In the remitter group, IL-4 and IL-5 levels decreased to values seen in the healthy controls. After venlafaxine treatment in both the remitter and non-remitter groups, IL-1β levels decreased to values seen in the healthy controls. Our results suggest that venlafaxine and paroxetine have different immunomodulatory properties and that venlafaxine has greater anti-inflammatory effects than paroxetine.
Collapse
|
41
|
Sacchinelli E, Piras F, Orfei MD, Banaj N, Salani F, Ciaramella A, Caltagirone C, Spalletta G, Bossù P. IL-18 Serum Levels and Variants of the Serotonin Transporter Gene Are Related to Awareness of Emotions in Healthy Subjects: A Preliminary Study. Neuroimmunomodulation 2018; 25:129-137. [PMID: 30326484 DOI: 10.1159/000492030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interaction between the nervous and immune systems may influence emotions, ultimately affecting human health. Cytokines may play a role in developing emotional dysregulation as in alexithymia, a personality construct characterized by the subclinical inability to identify and describe emotions, often associated with several psychiatric and psychosomatic disorders. The proinflammatory cytokine IL-18, with a recognized role in brain functions, may influence serotonin metabolism and appears to be associated with alexithymia. Healthy individuals carrying the long allele (L) of the serotonin transporter gene polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR), and thus having lower concentrations of serotonin in the synaptic cleft, show a greater tendency toward alexithymia, with some gender differences. To explore a potential physiological interaction between IL-18, serotonin neurotransmission, and alexithymia, we investigated whether IL-18 serum levels and 5-HTTLPR are linked to alexithymic traits in healthy subjects. METHODS We measured IL-18 serum levels in 115 Italian-Caucasian healthy subjects genotyped for 5-HTTLPR allele variants, divided by gender and assessed for alexithymia scores using the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale. RESULTS IL-18 levels are significantly more elevated in individuals with the LL genotype (n = 25) than in carriers of the short allele (n = 90, p = 0.0073). Specifically, in LL males (n = 11), i.e., the group with the most relevant increase in IL-18, cytokine values positively correlated with difficulty identifying feelings, which is a component of alexithymia (r = 0.634, p = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate a possible novel interaction between IL-18 and the serotoninergic system to mediate emotional unawareness, suggesting putative biological predictors of emotional dysregulation, which in turn can act as a risk factor for a variety of medical conditions in susceptible subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabrizio Piras
- Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Nerisa Banaj
- Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Salani
- Experimental Neuropsychobiology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Ciaramella
- Experimental Neuropsychobiology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Caltagirone
- Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Spalletta
- Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Division of Neuropsychiatry, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Paola Bossù
- Experimental Neuropsychobiology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Sun Y, Wang D, Salvadore G, Hsu B, Curran M, Casper C, Vermeulen J, Kent JM, Singh J, Drevets WC, Wittenberg GM, Chen G. The effects of interleukin-6 neutralizing antibodies on symptoms of depressed mood and anhedonia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and multicentric Castleman's disease. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 66:156-164. [PMID: 28676350 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), modulate neuronal plasticity and stress coping. Depressive symptoms and major depressive disorder (MDD) have been associated with changes in cytokines and their signaling. The current study examined the effect of IL-6 monoclonal antibody administration on depressive symptoms in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD). The data were obtained from two phase 2, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials designed to test the efficacy of sirukumab in RA (N=176) or of siltuximab in MCD (N=65), and were analyzed post hoc to investigate the effects of these IL-6 antibodies on depressive symptoms. The SF-36 questionnaire items on depressed-mood and anhedonia were combined as the measure for depressive symptoms. The study participants were grouped by the presence/absence of prevalent depressed mood and anhedonia (PDMA, meaning either depressed mood or anhedonia was present at least 'most of the time' and the other at least 'some of the time' for four weeks) at baseline; 26.1% of the RA sample and 15.4% of the MCD sample met criteria for PDMA at baseline. Compared with placebo, sirukumab and siltuximab produced significantly greater improvements on depressive symptoms. To account for an effect on mood due to changes in RA or MCD, the analysis was (1) adjusted for symptom severities using DAS28-CRP for RA and MCDOS for MCD alone or together with bodily pain and physical functioning, and (2) performed within RA and MCD non-responders. Improvement in depressive symptoms remained significant in the treated group for both drugs. The significance over placebo was also observed in the siltuximab study. The improvement in depressive symptoms by sirukumab correlated positively with the baseline soluble IL-6 receptor levels. The data together suggest that the IL-6 antibodies improve depressive symptoms in patients with RA and MCD. Further studies are needed to elucidate to what extents the IL-6 antibodies improve depressive symptoms through improving primary disease dependent and independent mechanisms, especially in RA patients, and the brain mechanisms underlying depressive symptom improvements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Neuroscience Therapeutic Areas, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, United States
| | - Dai Wang
- Neuroscience Therapeutic Areas, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, United States
| | - Giacomo Salvadore
- Neuroscience Therapeutic Areas, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, United States
| | - Benjamin Hsu
- Immunology Therapeutic Areas, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, United States
| | - Mark Curran
- Immunology Therapeutic Areas, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, United States
| | - Corey Casper
- Fred Hutchison Cancer Research Center, United States
| | - Jessica Vermeulen
- Oncology Therapeutic Areas, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, United States
| | - Justine M Kent
- Neuroscience Therapeutic Areas, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, United States
| | - Jaskaran Singh
- Neuroscience Therapeutic Areas, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, United States
| | - Wayne C Drevets
- Neuroscience Therapeutic Areas, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, United States
| | - Gayle M Wittenberg
- Neuroscience Therapeutic Areas, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, United States
| | - Guang Chen
- Neuroscience Therapeutic Areas, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Jeon SW, Kim YK. Inflammation-induced depression: Its pathophysiology and therapeutic implications. J Neuroimmunol 2017; 313:92-98. [PMID: 29153615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is not the only cause of depression and cannot explain its entire pathophysiology, but it is an important pathogenic factor that explains one possible mechanism of depression, with the kynurenine (KYN) pathway of tryptophan at its center. In particular, greater impairment seems to exist in the KYN pathway in inflammation-induced depression related to immunotherapy, autoimmune disease, and infection. In patients with these conditions, immunopharmacology is likely to be an important therapy. To develop this therapy, clear evidence of the immune-KYN pathway must be established via multiple types of experiments. This paper reviews the body of evidence, not only for the action of tryptophan (TRY) and consequent serotonin depletion, but also for the detrimental effects of TRY catabolites and the key enzymes in the KYN pathway that play important roles in the pathophysiology of inflammation-induced depression. In addition, this paper explores a potential treatment strategy for inflammation-induced depression using KYN metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Won Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Ku Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Golimbet VE, Volel BA, Korovaitseva GI, Kasparov SV, Kondratiev NV, Kopylov FY. [Association of inflammatory genes with neuroticism, anxiety and depression in male patients with coronary heart disease]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2017; 117:74-79. [PMID: 28399100 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro20171173174-79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM To explore the relationship of depression and its endophenotypes (neuroticism and trait anxiety) with inflammatory genes in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). MATERIAL AND METHODS A sample consisted of 78 male CHD patients with depression, 91 CHD patients without depression and 127 healthy men. Polymorphisms of the genes encoding interleukine-4 (IL-4 -589 C/T), interleukine-6 (IL-6 -174 G/C), tumor-necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α -308 G/A) and C-reactive protein (CRP -717A/G) were studied. RESULTS There was the association between the IL-6 -174 G/C and depression comorbid to CHD (р=0.01; OR=2.3 CI 95% 1.2-4.3). The frequency of the 'high expression' allele G in this group was higher compared to controls. The association between IL-4 -589 C/T and CHD was found. Compared to the control group, the frequency of the IL-4 -589CC genotype was higher in patients regardless of whether they had symptoms of depression (р=0.007; OR=2.1 CI 95% 1.2-3.4). No association between the TNF-α -308G/A and the CRP -717A/G with depression in CHD was observed. There were no differences between neuroticism and anxiety scores in patients with different IL-4 -589 C/T, IL-6 -174 G/C, TNF-α -308 G/A, CRP -717A/G genotypes. CONCLUSION The finding of the association between the IL-6 -174G/C and depression, comorbid to CHD, is in line with literature on a role of IL-6 in the development of depression in patients with CHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - B A Volel
- Sechenov First Moscow Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | - F Yu Kopylov
- Sechenov First Moscow Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Pariante CM. Why are depressed patients inflamed? A reflection on 20 years of research on depression, glucocorticoid resistance and inflammation. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2017; 27:554-559. [PMID: 28479211 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Studies over the last 20 years have demonstrated that increased inflammation and hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are two of the most consistent biological findings in major depression and are often associated: but the molecular and clinical mechanisms underlying these abnormalities are still unclear. These findings are particularly enigmatic, especially considering the accepted notion that high levels of cortisol have an anti-inflammatory action, and therefore the coexistence of inflammation and hypercortisolemia in the same diagnostic group appears counter-intuitive. To celebrate the 2015 Anna-Monika Foundation Award to our laboratory, this review will discuss our own 20 years of research on the clinical and molecular evidence underlying the increased inflammation in depression, especially in the context of a hyperactive HPA axis, and discuss its implications for the pathogenesis and treatment of this disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmine M Pariante
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory (SPI-Lab), Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Lab & Perinatal Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King׳s College London, G.32.01, The Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Cutcombe Road, London SE5 9RT, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Huang X, Liu X, Yu Y. Depression and Chronic Liver Diseases: Are There Shared Underlying Mechanisms? Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:134. [PMID: 28533742 PMCID: PMC5420567 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of depression is higher in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) than that in the general population. The mechanism described in previous studies mainly focused on inflammation and stress, which not only exists in CLD, but also emerges in common chronic diseases, leaving the specific mechanism unknown. This review was to summarize the prevalence and risk factors of depression in CLD including chronic hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and to point out the possible underlying mechanism of this potential link. Clarifying the origins of this common comorbidity (depression and CLD) may provide more information to understand both diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, China
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Wang T, Yin J, Miller AH, Xiao C. A systematic review of the association between fatigue and genetic polymorphisms. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 62:230-244. [PMID: 28089639 PMCID: PMC5947855 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatigue is one of the most common and distressing symptoms, leading to markedly decreased quality of life among a large subset of patients with a variety of disorders. Susceptibility to fatigue may be influenced by genetic factors including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), especially in the regulatory regions, of relevant genes. To further investigate the association of SNPs with fatigue in various patient populations, a systematic search was conducted on Pubmed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Sociological Abstracts Database for fatigue related-terms in combination with polymorphisms or genetic variation-related terms. Fifty papers in total met the inclusion and exclusion criteria for this analysis. These 50 papers were further classified into three subgroups for evaluation: chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), cancer-related fatigue (CRF) and other disease-related fatigue. SNPs in regulatory pathways of immune and neurotransmitter systems were found to play important roles in the etiologies of CFS, CRF and other disease-related fatigue. Evidence for associations between elevated fatigue and specific polymorphisms in TNFα, IL1b, IL4 and IL6 genes was revealed for all three subgroups of fatigue. We also found CFS shared a series of polymorphisms in HLA, IFN-γ, 5-HT and NR3C1 genes with other disease-related fatigue, however these SNPs (excluding IFN-γ) were not found to be adequately investigated in CRF. Gaps in knowledge related to fatigue etiology and recommendations for future research are further discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tengteng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Jie Yin
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, United States; Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Division of Research, Oakland, CA, United States
| | - Andrew H Miller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Canhua Xiao
- School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Fabbri C, Hosak L, Mössner R, Giegling I, Mandelli L, Bellivier F, Claes S, Collier DA, Corrales A, Delisi LE, Gallo C, Gill M, Kennedy JL, Leboyer M, Lisoway A, Maier W, Marquez M, Massat I, Mors O, Muglia P, Nöthen MM, O'Donovan MC, Ospina-Duque J, Propping P, Shi Y, St Clair D, Thibaut F, Cichon S, Mendlewicz J, Rujescu D, Serretti A. Consensus paper of the WFSBP Task Force on Genetics: Genetics, epigenetics and gene expression markers of major depressive disorder and antidepressant response. World J Biol Psychiatry 2017; 18:5-28. [PMID: 27603714 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2016.1208843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a heritable disease with a heavy personal and socio-economic burden. Antidepressants of different classes are prescribed to treat MDD, but reliable and reproducible markers of efficacy are not available for clinical use. Further complicating treatment, the diagnosis of MDD is not guided by objective criteria, resulting in the risk of under- or overtreatment. A number of markers of MDD and antidepressant response have been investigated at the genetic, epigenetic, gene expression and protein levels. Polymorphisms in genes involved in antidepressant metabolism (cytochrome P450 isoenzymes), antidepressant transport (ABCB1), glucocorticoid signalling (FKBP5) and serotonin neurotransmission (SLC6A4 and HTR2A) were among those included in the first pharmacogenetic assays that have been tested for clinical applicability. The results of these investigations were encouraging when examining patient-outcome improvement. Furthermore, a nine-serum biomarker panel (including BDNF, cortisol and soluble TNF-α receptor type II) showed good sensitivity and specificity in differentiating between MDD and healthy controls. These first diagnostic and response-predictive tests for MDD provided a source of optimism for future clinical applications. However, such findings should be considered very carefully because their benefit/cost ratio and clinical indications were not clearly demonstrated. Future tests may include combinations of different types of biomarkers and be specific for MDD subtypes or pathological dimensions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Fabbri
- a Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Ladislav Hosak
- b Department of Psychiatrics , Charles University, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Hradec Králové , Czech Republic
| | - Rainald Mössner
- c Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , University of Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany
| | - Ina Giegling
- d Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics , Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg , Halle , Germany
| | - Laura Mandelli
- a Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Frank Bellivier
- e Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France AP-HP , GH Saint-Louis-Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal, Pôle Neurosciences , Paris , France
| | - Stephan Claes
- f GRASP-Research Group, Department of Neuroscience , University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - David A Collier
- g Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre , Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London , London , UK
| | - Alejo Corrales
- h National University (UNT) Argentina, Argentinean Association of Biological Psychiatry , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Lynn E Delisi
- i VA Boston Health Care System , Brockton , MA , USA
| | - Carla Gallo
- j Departamento de Ciencias Celulares y Moleculares, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía , Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia , Lima , Peru
| | - Michael Gill
- k Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Department of Psychiatry , Trinity College Dublin , Dublin , Ireland
| | - James L Kennedy
- l Neurogenetics Section, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health , Toronto , Ontario , Canada
| | - Marion Leboyer
- m Faculté de Médecine , Université Paris-Est Créteil, Inserm U955, Equipe Psychiatrie Translationnelle , Créteil , France
| | - Amanda Lisoway
- l Neurogenetics Section, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health , Toronto , Ontario , Canada
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- n Department of Psychiatry , University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - Miguel Marquez
- o Director of ADINEU (Asistencia, Docencia e Investigación en Neurociencia) , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Isabelle Massat
- p UNI - ULB Neurosciences Institute, ULB , Bruxelles , Belgium
| | - Ole Mors
- q Department P , Aarhus University Hospital , Risskov , Denmark
| | | | - Markus M Nöthen
- s Institute of Human Genetics , University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - Michael C O'Donovan
- t MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics , Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University , Cardiff , UK
| | - Jorge Ospina-Duque
- u Grupo de Investigación en Psiquiatría, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina , Universidad de Antioquia , Medellín , Colombia
| | | | - Yongyong Shi
- w Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - David St Clair
- x University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences , Aberdeen , UK
| | - Florence Thibaut
- y University Hospital Cochin (Site Tarnier), University Sorbonne Paris Cité (Faculty of Medicine Paris Descartes), INSERM U 894 Centre Psychiatry and Neurosciences , Paris , France
| | - Sven Cichon
- z Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedicine , University of Basel , Basel , Switzerland
| | - Julien Mendlewicz
- aa Laboratoire de Psychologie Medicale, Centre Européen de Psychologie Medicale , Université Libre de Bruxelles and Psy Pluriel , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Dan Rujescu
- d Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics , Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg , Halle , Germany
| | - Alessandro Serretti
- a Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Hennessy MB, Chun K, Capitanio JP. Depressive-like behavior, its sensitization, social buffering, and altered cytokine responses in rhesus macaques moved from outdoor social groups to indoor housing. Soc Neurosci 2017; 12:65-75. [PMID: 26801639 PMCID: PMC4988930 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2016.1145595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Psychosocial stressors appear to promote the onset of depressive illness through activation and sensitization of inflammatory mechanisms. Here, adult male rhesus monkeys brought from large outdoor social groups to indoor housing for 8 days reliably exhibited a hunched, depressive-like posture. When rehoused indoors a second 8 days about 2 weeks later, monkeys housed alone, but not those with an affiliative partner, showed sensitization of the depressive-like hunched posture. Housing indoors also affected circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines: IL-1β showed increased responsiveness to immune challenge, and IL-1β and TNF-α showed reduced suppression by dexamethasone. Sensitivity of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 to immune challenge exhibited a relative increase from the first to the second round of indoor housing in animals housed in pairs, and a relative decrease in animals housed alone. Cytokine levels during indoor housing were positively correlated with duration of depressive-like behavior. Plasma cortisol levels increased but did not differentiate housing conditions or rounds. Results demonstrate a rapid induction and sensitization of depressive-like behavior to indoor individual housing, social buffering of sensitization, and associated inflammatory responses. This paradigm may provide a practical nonhuman primate model for examining inflammatory-mediated consequences of psychosocial stressors on depression and possible social buffering of these effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Katie Chun
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - John P. Capitanio
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
Through behavior, animals interact with a world where parasites abound. It is easy to understand how behavioral traits can thus have a differential effect on pathogen exposure. Harder to understand is why we observe behavioral traits to be linked to immune defense traits. Is variation in immune traits a consequence of behavior-induced variation in immunological experiences? Or is variation in behavioral traits a function of immune capabilities? Is our immune system a much bigger driver of personality than anticipated? In this review, I provide examples of how behavioral and immune traits co-vary. I then explore the different routes linking behavioral and immune traits, emphasizing on the physiological/hormonal mechanisms that could lead to immune control of behavior. Finally, I discuss why we should aim at understanding more about the mechanisms connecting these phenotypic traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia C Lopes
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|