1
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Zhou T, Kawasaki K, Suzuki T, Hasegawa I, Roe AW, Tanigawa H. Mapping information flow between the inferotemporal and prefrontal cortices via neural oscillations in memory retrieval and maintenance. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113169. [PMID: 37740917 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Interaction between the inferotemporal (ITC) and prefrontal (PFC) cortices is critical for retrieving information from memory and maintaining it in working memory. Neural oscillations provide a mechanism for communication between brain regions. However, it remains unknown how information flow via neural oscillations is functionally organized in these cortices during these processes. In this study, we apply Granger causality analysis to electrocorticographic signals from both cortices of monkeys performing visual association tasks to map information flow. Our results reveal regions within the ITC where information flow to and from the PFC increases via specific frequency oscillations to form clusters during memory retrieval and maintenance. Theta-band information flow in both directions increases in similar regions in both cortices, suggesting reciprocal information exchange in those regions. These findings suggest that specific subregions function as nodes in the memory information-processing network between the ITC and the PFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital and Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Keisuke Kawasaki
- Department of Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Niigata 951-8501, Japan
| | - Takafumi Suzuki
- Center for Information and Neural Networks, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Isao Hasegawa
- Department of Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Niigata 951-8501, Japan
| | - Anna Wang Roe
- Department of Neurosurgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital and Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Hisashi Tanigawa
- Department of Neurosurgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital and Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Department of Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Niigata 951-8501, Japan.
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2
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Sakamoto K, Kawaguchi N, Mushiake H. Shape and Rule Information Is Reflected in Different Local Field Potential Frequencies and Different Areas of the Primate Lateral Prefrontal Cortex. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:750832. [PMID: 35645746 PMCID: PMC9137426 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.750832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The lateral prefrontal cortex (LFPC) plays a crucial role in executive function by adaptively storing behavior-relevant information as working memory. Neural mechanisms associated with local field potentials (LFPs) may underlie the adaptive properties of the LFPC. Here, we analyzed how LFPs recorded from the monkey LFPC are modulated by the crucial factors of a shape manipulation task. In this task, the test shape is transformed by manipulating a lever to match the size and orientation of the sample shape. The subject is required to temporarily memorize the rules such as the arm-movement-manipulation relationship and the sample shape to generate the sequential behavior of operations. In the present study, we focused on task variables about shape and rules, and examined among which aspects distinguish the ventral and dorsal sides of the LFPC. We found that the transformed shape in the sample period strongly affected the theta and delta waves in the delay period on the ventral side, while the arm-manipulation assignment influenced the gamma components on the dorsal side. These findings suggest that area- and frequency-selective LFP modulations are involved in dynamically recruiting different behavior-relevant information in the LFPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Sakamoto
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- *Correspondence: Kazuhiro Sakamoto,
| | - Norihiko Kawaguchi
- Department of Physiology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hajime Mushiake
- Department of Physiology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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3
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Tanigawa H, Majima K, Takei R, Kawasaki K, Sawahata H, Nakahara K, Iijima A, Suzuki T, Kamitani Y, Hasegawa I. Decoding distributed oscillatory signals driven by memory and perception in the prefrontal cortex. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110676. [PMID: 35417680 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensory perception and memory recall generate different conscious experiences. Although externally and internally driven neural activities signifying the same perceptual content overlap in the sensory cortex, their distribution in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), an area implicated in both perception and memory, remains elusive. Here, we test whether the local spatial configurations and frequencies of neural oscillations driven by perception and memory recall overlap in the macaque PFC using high-density electrocorticography and multivariate pattern analysis. We find that dynamically changing oscillatory signals distributed across the PFC in the delta-, theta-, alpha-, and beta-band ranges carry significant, but mutually different, information predicting the same feature of memory-recalled internal targets and passively perceived external objects. These findings suggest that the frequency-specific distribution of oscillatory neural signals in the PFC serves cortical signatures responsible for distinguishing between different types of cognition driven by external perception and internal memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Tanigawa
- Department of Neurosurgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital and Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China; Department of Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Niigata 951-8501, Japan; Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata 951-8501, Japan
| | - Kei Majima
- Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Yoshida-honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; ATR Computational Neuroscience Laboratories, Keihanna Science City, Kyoto 619-0288, Japan
| | - Ren Takei
- Department of Bio-cybernetics, Faculty of Engineering, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kawasaki
- Department of Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Niigata 951-8501, Japan
| | - Hirohito Sawahata
- Department of Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Niigata 951-8501, Japan; Department of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical and Control Engineering Course, National Institute of Technology (KOSEN), Ibaraki College, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki 312-8508, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Nakahara
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata 951-8501, Japan; Research Center for Brain Communication, Kochi University of Technology, Kami, Kochi 782-8502, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Iijima
- Department of Bio-cybernetics, Faculty of Engineering, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Takafumi Suzuki
- Center for Information and Neural Networks, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yukiyasu Kamitani
- Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Yoshida-honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; ATR Computational Neuroscience Laboratories, Keihanna Science City, Kyoto 619-0288, Japan
| | - Isao Hasegawa
- Department of Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Niigata 951-8501, Japan; Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata 951-8501, Japan.
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4
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Liu N, Iijima A, Iwata Y, Ohashi K, Fujisawa N, Sasaoka T, Hasegawa I. Mental construction of object symbols from meaningless elements by Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata). Sci Rep 2022; 12:3566. [PMID: 35246592 PMCID: PMC8897398 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07563-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
When writing an object's name, humans mentally construct its spelling. This capacity critically depends on use of the dual-structured linguistic system, in which meaningful words are represented by combinations of meaningless letters. Here we search for the evolutionary origin of this capacity in primates by designing dual-structured bigram symbol systems where different combinations of meaningless elements represent different objects. Initially, we trained Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) in an object-bigram symbolization task and in a visually-guided bigram construction task. Subsequently, we conducted a probe test using a symbolic bigram construction task. From the initial trial of the probe test, the Japanese macaques could sequentially choose the two elements of a bigram that was not actually seen but signified by a visually presented object. Moreover, the animals' spontaneous choice order bias, developed through the visually-guided bigram construction learning, was immediately generalized to the symbolic bigram construction test. Learning of dual-structured symbols by the macaques possibly indicates pre-linguistic adaptations for the ability of mentally constructing symbols in the common ancestors of humans and Old World monkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanxi Liu
- Department of Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, 1-757 Asahimachi St, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Iijima
- Department of Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, 1-757 Asahimachi St, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan. .,Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan. .,School of Health Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan. .,Neurophysiology & Biomedical Engineering Lab, Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Engineering, Assistive Technology and Art and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Niigata University, 8050 2-no-chou, Ikarashi, Nishi-ku, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Iwata
- Department of Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, 1-757 Asahimachi St, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.,Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kento Ohashi
- Department of Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, 1-757 Asahimachi St, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.,Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | | | | | - Isao Hasegawa
- Department of Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, 1-757 Asahimachi St, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
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5
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Tsumura K, Kosugi K, Hattori Y, Aoki R, Takeda M, Chikazoe J, Nakahara K, Jimura K. Reversible Fronto-occipitotemporal Signaling Complements Task Encoding and Switching under Ambiguous Cues. Cereb Cortex 2021; 32:1911-1931. [PMID: 34519334 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptation to changing environments involves the appropriate extraction of environmental information to achieve a behavioral goal. It remains unclear how behavioral flexibility is guided under situations where the relevant behavior is ambiguous. Using functional brain mapping of machine learning decoders and directional functional connectivity, we show that brain-wide reversible neural signaling underpins task encoding and behavioral flexibility in ambiguously changing environments. When relevant behavior is cued ambiguously during behavioral shifting, neural coding is attenuated in distributed cortical regions, but top-down signals from the prefrontal cortex complement the coding. When behavioral shifting is cued more explicitly, modality-specialized occipitotemporal regions implement distinct neural coding about relevant behavior, and bottom-up signals from the occipitotemporal region to the prefrontal cortex supplement the behavioral shift. These results suggest that our adaptation to an ever-changing world is orchestrated by the alternation of top-down and bottom-up signaling in the fronto-occipitotemporal circuit depending on the availability of environmental information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaho Tsumura
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University, Yokohama 223-0061, Japan
| | - Keita Kosugi
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University, Yokohama 223-0061, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Hattori
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University, Yokohama 223-0061, Japan
| | - Ryuta Aoki
- Research Center for Brain Communication, Kochi University of Technology, Kami 782-8502, Japan
| | - Masaki Takeda
- Research Center for Brain Communication, Kochi University of Technology, Kami 782-8502, Japan
| | - Junichi Chikazoe
- Supportive Center for Brain Research, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Nakahara
- Research Center for Brain Communication, Kochi University of Technology, Kami 782-8502, Japan
| | - Koji Jimura
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University, Yokohama 223-0061, Japan.,Research Center for Brain Communication, Kochi University of Technology, Kami 782-8502, Japan
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6
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Hayashi T, Akikawa R, Kawasaki K, Egawa J, Minamimoto T, Kobayashi K, Kato S, Hori Y, Nagai Y, Iijima A, Someya T, Hasegawa I. Macaques Exhibit Implicit Gaze Bias Anticipating Others' False-Belief-Driven Actions via Medial Prefrontal Cortex. Cell Rep 2021; 30:4433-4444.e5. [PMID: 32234478 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to infer others' mental states is essential to social interactions. This ability, critically evaluated by testing whether one attributes false beliefs (FBs) to others, has been considered to be uniquely hominid and to accompany the activation of a distributed brain network. We challenge the taxon specificity of this ability and identify the causal brain locus by introducing an anticipatory-looking FB paradigm combined with chemogenetic neuronal manipulation in macaque monkeys. We find spontaneous gaze bias of macaques implicitly anticipating others' FB-driven actions. Silencing of the medial prefrontal neuronal activity with inhibitory designer receptor exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) specifically eliminates the implicit gaze bias while leaving the animals' visually guided and memory-guided tracking abilities intact. Thus, neuronal activity in the medial prefrontal cortex could have a causal role in FB-attribution-like behaviors in the primate lineage, emphasizing the importance of probing the neuronal mechanisms underlying theory of mind with relevant macaque animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taketsugu Hayashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan; Department of Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ryota Akikawa
- Department of Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kawasaki
- Department of Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Jun Egawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takafumi Minamimoto
- Functional Brain Imaging, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institute for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuto Kobayashi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shigeki Kato
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yukiko Hori
- Functional Brain Imaging, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institute for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuji Nagai
- Functional Brain Imaging, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institute for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Iijima
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan; School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan; Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Engineering, Assistive Technology, and Art and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Niigata University. Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Someya
- Department of Psychiatry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
| | - Isao Hasegawa
- Department of Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan.
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7
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Chen H, Naya Y. Automatic Encoding of a View-Centered Background Image in the Macaque Temporal Lobe. Cereb Cortex 2020; 30:6270-6283. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Perceptual processing along the ventral visual pathway to the hippocampus (HPC) is hypothesized to be substantiated by signal transformation from retinotopic space to relational space, which represents interrelations among constituent visual elements. However, our visual perception necessarily reflects the first person’s perspective based on the retinotopic space. To investigate this two-facedness of visual perception, we compared neural activities in the temporal lobe (anterior inferotemporal cortex, perirhinal and parahippocampal cortices, and HPC) between when monkeys gazed on an object and when they fixated on the screen center with an object in their peripheral vision. We found that in addition to the spatially invariant object signal, the temporal lobe areas automatically represent a large-scale background image, which specify the subject’s viewing location. These results suggest that a combination of two distinct visual signals on relational space and retinotopic space may provide the first person’s perspective serving for perception and presumably subsequent episodic memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Chen
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yuji Naya
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research at Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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8
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Ryan JD, Shen K, Liu Z. The intersection between the oculomotor and hippocampal memory systems: empirical developments and clinical implications. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2020; 1464:115-141. [PMID: 31617589 PMCID: PMC7154681 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Decades of cognitive neuroscience research has shown that where we look is intimately connected to what we remember. In this article, we review findings from human and nonhuman animals, using behavioral, neuropsychological, neuroimaging, and computational modeling methods, to show that the oculomotor and hippocampal memory systems interact in a reciprocal manner, on a moment-to-moment basis, mediated by a vast structural and functional network. Visual exploration serves to efficiently gather information from the environment for the purpose of creating new memories, updating existing memories, and reconstructing the rich, vivid details from memory. Conversely, memory increases the efficiency of visual exploration. We call for models of oculomotor control to consider the influence of the hippocampal memory system on the cognitive control of eye movements, and for models of hippocampal and broader medial temporal lobe function to consider the influence of the oculomotor system on the development and expression of memory. We describe eye movement-based applications for the detection of neurodegeneration and delivery of therapeutic interventions for mental health disorders for which the hippocampus is implicated and memory dysfunctions are at the forefront.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer D. Ryan
- Rotman Research InstituteBaycrestTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Kelly Shen
- Rotman Research InstituteBaycrestTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Zhong‐Xu Liu
- Department of Behavioral SciencesUniversity of Michigan‐DearbornDearbornMichigan
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9
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Miyakawa N, Majima K, Sawahata H, Kawasaki K, Matsuo T, Kotake N, Suzuki T, Kamitani Y, Hasegawa I. Heterogeneous Redistribution of Facial Subcategory Information Within and Outside the Face-Selective Domain in Primate Inferior Temporal Cortex. Cereb Cortex 2019; 28:1416-1431. [PMID: 29329375 PMCID: PMC6093347 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhx342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The inferior temporal cortex (ITC) contains neurons selective to multiple levels of visual categories. However, the mechanisms by which these neurons collectively construct hierarchical category percepts remain unclear. By comparing decoding accuracy with simultaneously acquired electrocorticogram (ECoG), local field potentials (LFPs), and multi-unit activity in the macaque ITC, we show that low-frequency LFPs/ECoG in the early evoked visual response phase contain sufficient coarse category (e.g., face) information, which is homogeneous and enhanced by spatial summation of up to several millimeters. Late-induced high-frequency LFPs additionally carry spike-coupled finer category (e.g., species, view, and identity of the face) information, which is heterogeneous and reduced by spatial summation. Face-encoding neural activity forms a cluster in similar cortical locations regardless of whether it is defined by early evoked low-frequency signals or late-induced high-gamma signals. By contrast, facial subcategory-encoding activity is distributed, not confined to the face cluster, and dynamically increases its heterogeneity from the early evoked to late-induced phases. These findings support a view that, in contrast to the homogeneous and static coarse category-encoding neural cluster, finer category-encoding clusters are heterogeneously distributed even outside their parent category cluster and dynamically increase heterogeneity along with the local cortical processing in the ITC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohisa Miyakawa
- Department of Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata 951-8501, Japan.,Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8501, Japan.,Department of Functional Brain Imaging Research, National Institutes of Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Kei Majima
- Department of Intelligence Science and Technology, Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hirohito Sawahata
- Department of Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata 951-8501, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kawasaki
- Department of Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata 951-8501, Japan
| | - Takeshi Matsuo
- Department of Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata 951-8501, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku 113-0033, Japan
| | - Naoki Kotake
- Department of Fisheries Distribution and Management, National Fisheries University, Shimonoseki 759-6595, Japan
| | - Takafumi Suzuki
- Center for Information and Neural Networks, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yukiyasu Kamitani
- Department of Intelligence Science and Technology, Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.,Department of Neuroinformatics, ATR Computational Neuroscience Laboratories, Keihanna Science City 619-0288, Japan
| | - Isao Hasegawa
- Department of Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata 951-8501, Japan.,Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8501, Japan
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10
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Theta band high definition transcranial alternating current stimulation, but not transcranial direct current stimulation, improves associative memory performance. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8562. [PMID: 31189985 PMCID: PMC6561937 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44680-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Associative memory (AM) deficits are common in neurodegenerative disease and novel therapies aimed at improving these faculties are needed. Theta band oscillations within AM networks have been shown to be important for successful memory encoding and modulating these rhythms represents a promising strategy for cognitive enhancement. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (TACS) has been hypothesized to entrain and increase power of endogenous brain rhythms. For this reason, we hypothesized that focal delivery of theta band electrical current, using high-definition TACS, would result in improved AM performance compared to sham stimulation or transcranial direct current stimulation (TDCS). In this pilot study, 60 healthy subjects were randomized to receive high definition TACS, high definition TDCS, or sham stimulation delivered to the right fusiform cortex during encoding of visual associations. Consistent with our hypothesis, improved AM performance was observed in the TACS group, while TDCS had no effect. However, TACS also resulted in improved correct rejection of never seen items, reduced false memory, and reduced forgetting, suggesting the effect may not be specific for AM processes. Overall, this work informs strategies for improving associative memory and suggests alternating current is more effective than direct current stimulation in some contexts.
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11
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Takeda M, Hirabayashi T, Adachi Y, Miyashita Y. Dynamic laminar rerouting of inter-areal mnemonic signal by cognitive operations in primate temporal cortex. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4629. [PMID: 30401796 PMCID: PMC6219507 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07007-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Execution of cognitive functions is orchestrated by a brain-wide network comprising multiple regions. However, it remains elusive whether the cortical laminar pattern of inter-areal interactions exhibits dynamic routings, depending on cognitive operations. We address this issue by simultaneously recording neuronal activities from area 36 and area TE of the temporal cortex while monkeys performed a visual cued-recall task. We identify dynamic laminar routing of the inter-areal interaction: during visual processing of a presented cue, spiking activities of area 36 neurons are preferentially coherent with local field potentials at the supragranular layer of area TE, while the signal from the same neurons switches to target the infragranular layer of area TE during memory retrieval. This layer-dependent signal represents the to-be-recalled object, and has an impact on the local processing at the supragranular layer in both cognitive operations. Thus, cortical layers form a key structural basis for dynamic switching of cognitive operations. Inter-areal interaction has been shown to support various cognitive functions. Here, the authors report that neurons in area 36 flexibly synchronize their activity with different layers of area TE within different epochs of a visually cued recall task suggesting dynamic rerouting of information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Takeda
- Department of Physiology, The University of Tokyo School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan. .,Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan. .,Research Center for Brain Communication, Kochi University of Technology, Kami-city, Kochi, 782-8502, Japan.
| | - Toshiyuki Hirabayashi
- Department of Physiology, The University of Tokyo School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yusuke Adachi
- Department of Physiology, The University of Tokyo School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yasushi Miyashita
- Department of Physiology, The University of Tokyo School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
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Takeda M. Brain mechanisms of visual long-term memory retrieval in primates. Neurosci Res 2018; 142:7-15. [PMID: 29964078 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Memorizing events or objects and retrieving them from memory are essential for daily life. Historically, memory processing was studied in neuropsychology, in which patients provided us with insights into the brain mechanisms underlying memory. Psychological hypotheses about memory processing have been further investigated using neuroscience techniques, such as functional imaging and electrophysiology. In this article, I briefly summarize recent findings on multi-scale neural circuitry for memory at the scale of single neurons and cortical layers as well as inter-area and whole-brain interactions. The key idea which connects multi-scale neural circuits is how neuronal assemblies utilize the frequency of communication between neurons, cortical layers, and brain areas. Using findings and ideas from other cognitive function studies, I discuss the plausible communication between neurons involved in memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Takeda
- Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Physiology, The University of Tokyo School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Research Center for Brain Communication, Research Institute, Kochi University of Technology, Kami-city, Kochi 782-8502, Japan.
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Locally induced neuronal synchrony precisely propagates to specific cortical areas without rhythm distortion. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7678. [PMID: 29769630 PMCID: PMC5956081 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26054-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Propagation of oscillatory spike firing activity at specific frequencies plays an important role in distributed cortical networks. However, there is limited evidence for how such frequency-specific signals are induced or how the signal spectra of the propagating signals are modulated during across-layer (radial) and inter-areal (tangential) neuronal interactions. To directly evaluate the direction specificity of spectral changes in a spiking cortical network, we selectively photostimulated infragranular excitatory neurons in the rat primary visual cortex (V1) at a supra-threshold level with various frequencies, and recorded local field potentials (LFPs) at the infragranular stimulation site, the cortical surface site immediately above the stimulation site in V1, and cortical surface sites outside V1. We found a significant reduction of LFP powers during radial propagation, especially at high-frequency stimulation conditions. Moreover, low-gamma-band dominant rhythms were transiently induced during radial propagation. Contrastingly, inter-areal LFP propagation, directed to specific cortical sites, accompanied no significant signal reduction nor gamma-band power induction. We propose an anisotropic mechanism for signal processing in the spiking cortical network, in which the neuronal rhythms are locally induced/modulated along the radial direction, and then propagate without distortion via intrinsic horizontal connections for spatiotemporally precise, inter-areal communication.
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Koyano KW, Takeda M, Matsui T, Hirabayashi T, Ohashi Y, Miyashita Y. Laminar Module Cascade from Layer 5 to 6 Implementing Cue-to-Target Conversion for Object Memory Retrieval in the Primate Temporal Cortex. Neuron 2016; 92:518-529. [PMID: 27720482 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2016.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The cerebral cortex computes through the canonical microcircuit that connects six stacked layers; however, how cortical processing streams operate in vivo, particularly in the higher association cortex, remains elusive. By developing a novel MRI-assisted procedure that reliably localizes recorded single neurons at resolution of six individual layers in monkey temporal cortex, we show that transformation of representations from a cued object to a to-be-recalled object occurs at the infragranular layer in a visual cued-recall task. This cue-to-target conversion started in layer 5 and was followed by layer 6. Finally, a subset of layer 6 neurons exclusively encoding the sought target became phase-locked to surrounding field potentials at theta frequency, suggesting that this coordinated cell assembly implements cortical long-distance outputs of the recalled target. Thus, this study proposes a link from local computation spanning laminar modules of the temporal cortex to the brain-wide network for memory retrieval in primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji W Koyano
- Department of Physiology, University of Tokyo School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masaki Takeda
- Department of Physiology, University of Tokyo School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Teppei Matsui
- Department of Physiology, University of Tokyo School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Hirabayashi
- Department of Physiology, University of Tokyo School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yohei Ohashi
- Department of Physiology, University of Tokyo School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yasushi Miyashita
- Department of Physiology, University of Tokyo School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
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