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Studying membrane fusion using supported lipid bilayers on superparamagnetic beads. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2023; 1865:184070. [PMID: 36220376 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.184070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The fusion between two lipid membranes is a ubiquitous mechanism in cell traffic and pathogens invasion. Yet it is not well understood how two distinct bilayers overcome the energy barriers towards fusion and reorganize themselves to form a unique continuous bilayer. The magnitudes and numbers of these energy barriers are themselves an open question. To tackle these issues, we developed a new tool that allows to control the forces applied between two supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) deposited on superparamagnetic beads. By applying a magnetic field, the beads self-organize along field lines in chains of beads and compress the two membranes on the contact zone. Using the diffusion of fluorescently labelled lipids from one bilayer to the other allows us to identify fusion of the bilayers in contact. We applied increasing forces on SLBs and increased the occurrence of fusion. This experimental system allows the simultaneous study of tens of facing bilayers in a single experiment and mitigates the stochasticity of the fusion process. It is thus a powerful tool to test the various parameters involved in the membrane fusion process.
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2
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Cao Y, Klein J. Lipids and lipid mixtures in boundary layers: From hydration lubrication to osteoarthritis. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2021.101559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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3
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Zhang H, Ma H, Yang X, Fan L, Tian S, Niu R, Yan M, Zheng M, Zhang S. Cell Fusion-Related Proteins and Signaling Pathways, and Their Roles in the Development and Progression of Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:809668. [PMID: 35178400 PMCID: PMC8846309 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.809668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell fusion is involved in many physiological and pathological processes, including gamete binding, and cancer development. The basic processes of cell fusion include membrane fusion, cytoplasmic mixing, and nuclear fusion. Cell fusion is regulated by different proteins and signaling pathways. Syncytin-1, syncytin-2, glial cell missing 1, galectin-1 and other proteins (annexins, myomaker, myomerger etc.) involved in cell fusion via the cyclic adenosine-dependent protein kinase A, mitogen-activated protein kinase, wingless/integrase-1, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathways. In the progression of malignant tumors, cell fusion is essential during the organ-specific metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transformation, the formation of cancer stem cells (CSCs), cancer angiogenesis and cancer immunity. In addition, diploid cells can be induced to form polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs) via cell fusion under many kinds of stimuli, including cobalt chloride, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and traditional Chinese medicine. PGCCs have CSC-like properties, and the daughter cells derived from PGCCs have a mesenchymal phenotype and exhibit strong migration, invasion, and proliferation abilities. Therefore, exploring the molecular mechanisms of cell fusion can enable us better understand the development of malignant tumors. In this review, the basic process of cell fusion and its significance in cancer is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Ma
- Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohui Yang
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Linlin Fan
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shifeng Tian
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Niu
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Man Yan
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Minying Zheng
- Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiwu Zhang
- Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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4
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Witt H, Savić F, Verbeek S, Dietz J, Tarantola G, Oelkers M, Geil B, Janshoff A. Membrane fusion studied by colloidal probes. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2021; 50:223-237. [PMID: 33599795 PMCID: PMC8071799 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-020-01490-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Membrane-coated colloidal probes combine the benefits of solid-supported membranes with a more complex three-dimensional geometry. This combination makes them a powerful model system that enables the visualization of dynamic biological processes with high throughput and minimal reliance on fluorescent labels. Here, we want to review recent applications of colloidal probes for the study of membrane fusion. After discussing the advantages and disadvantages of some classical vesicle-based fusion assays, we introduce an assay using optical detection of fusion between membrane-coated glass microspheres in a quasi two-dimensional assembly. Then, we discuss free energy considerations of membrane fusion between supported bilayers, and show how colloidal probes can be combined with atomic force microscopy or optical tweezers to access the fusion process with even greater detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Witt
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, University of Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.,Physics of Living Systems, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Filip Savić
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, University of Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sarah Verbeek
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, University of Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jörn Dietz
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, University of Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gesa Tarantola
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, University of Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marieelen Oelkers
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, University of Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Burkhard Geil
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, University of Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Janshoff
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, University of Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
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5
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Wang F, Liu J, Zeng H. Interactions of particulate matter and pulmonary surfactant: Implications for human health. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 284:102244. [PMID: 32871405 PMCID: PMC7435289 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM), which is the primary contributor to air pollution, has become a pervasive global health threat. When PM enters into a respiratory tract, the first body tissues to be directly exposed are the cells of respiratory tissues and pulmonary surfactant. Pulmonary surfactant is a pivotal component to modulate surface tension of alveoli during respiration. Many studies have proved that PM would interact with pulmonary surfactant to affect the alveolar activity, and meanwhile, pulmonary surfactant would be adsorbed to the surface of PM to change the toxic effect of PM. This review focuses on recent studies of the interactions between micro/nanoparticles (synthesized and environmental particles) and pulmonary surfactant (natural surfactant and its models), as well as the health effects caused by PM through a few significant aspects, such as surface properties of PM, including size, surface charge, hydrophobicity, shape, chemical nature, etc. Moreover, in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that PM leads to oxidative stress, inflammatory response, fibrosis, and cancerization in living bodies. By providing a comprehensive picture of PM-surfactant interaction, this review will benefit both researchers for further studies and policy-makers for setting up more appropriate regulations to reduce the adverse effects of PM on public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Wang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, China,Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Jifang Liu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, China.
| | - Hongbo Zeng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada.
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6
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Kristiansen K, Donaldson SH, Berkson ZJ, Scott J, Su R, Banquy X, Lee DW, de Aguiar HB, McGraw JD, Degen GD, Israelachvili JN. Multimodal Miniature Surface Forces Apparatus (μSFA) for Interfacial Science Measurements. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:15500-15514. [PMID: 31362502 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Advances in the research of intermolecular and surface interactions result from the development of new and improved measurement techniques and combinations of existing techniques. Here, we present a new miniature version of the surface forces apparatus-the μSFA-that has been designed for ease of use and multimodal capabilities with the retention of the capabilities of other SFA models including accurate measurements of the surface separation distance and physical characterization of dynamic and static physical forces (i.e., normal, shear, and friction) and interactions (e.g., van der Waals, electrostatic, hydrophobic, steric, and biospecific). The small physical size of the μSFA, compared to previous SFA models, makes it portable and suitable for integration into commercially available optical and fluorescence light microscopes, as demonstrated here. The large optical path entry and exit ports make it ideal for concurrent force measurements and spectroscopy studies. Examples of the use of the μSFA in combination with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and Raman spectroscopy measurements are presented. Because of the short working distance constraints associated with Raman spectroscopy, an interferometric technique was developed and applied to calculate the intersurface separation distance based on Newton's rings. The introduction of the μSFA will mark a transition in SFA usage from primarily physical characterization to concurrent physical characterization with in situ chemical and biological characterization to study interfacial phenomena, including (but not limited to) molecular adsorption, fluid flow dynamics, the determination of surface species and morphology, and (bio)molecular binding kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Kristiansen
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of California Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara , California 93106 , United States
| | - Stephen H Donaldson
- Département de Physique, Ecole Normale Supérieure/PSL , Research University , CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond , 75005 Paris , France
| | - Zachariah J Berkson
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of California Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara , California 93106 , United States
| | - Jeffrey Scott
- SurForce LLC , Goleta , California 93117 , United States
| | - Rongxin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Xavier Banquy
- Faculty of Pharmacy , Université de Montréal , Succursale Centre Ville , Montréal , Quebec H3C 3J7 , Canada
| | - Dong Woog Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering , Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology , Ulsan 44919 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hilton B de Aguiar
- Département de Physique, Ecole Normale Supérieure/PSL , Research University , CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond , 75005 Paris , France
| | - Joshua D McGraw
- Département de Physique, Ecole Normale Supérieure/PSL , Research University , CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond , 75005 Paris , France
- Gulliver CNRS UMR 7083 , PSL Research University, ESPCI Paris , 10 rue Vauquelin , 75005 Paris , France
| | - George D Degen
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of California Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara , California 93106 , United States
| | - Jacob N Israelachvili
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of California Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara , California 93106 , United States
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7
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Bilotto P, Lengauer M, Andersson J, Ramach U, Mears LLE, Valtiner M. Interaction Profiles and Stability of Rigid and Polymer-Tethered Lipid Bilayer Models at Highly Charged and Highly Adhesive Contacts. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:15552-15563. [PMID: 31475831 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Understanding interaction force versus distance profiles of supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) is relevant to a number of areas, which rely on these model systems, including, e.g., characterization of ligand/receptor interactions or bacterial adhesion. Here, the stability of 4 different SLB architectures was compared using the surface forces apparatus (SFA) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Specifically, the outer envelope of the bilayer systems remained constant as 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC). The inner layer was varied between DPPC and 1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DPTAP) both on mica, and self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of hexadecanethiol and the polymer-tethered diphytanylglycerol-tetraethylene glycol-lipoid acid (DPhyTL) on smooth gold surfaces. In that same order these gave an increasing strength of interaction between the inner layer and the supporting substrate and hence improved stability under highly adhesive conditions. Detachment profiles from highly charged and highly adhesive contacts were characterized, and approach characteristics were fitted to DLVO models. We find increasing stability under highly adhesive loads, approaching the hydrophobic limit of the adhesive energy between the inner and outer layers for the SAM-based systems. For all four SLBs we further compare AFM surface topographies, which strongly depend on preparation conditions, and the DLVO fitting of the SFA approach curves finds a strong charge regulation behavior during interaction, dependent on the particular model system. In addition, we find undulation characteristics during approach and separation. The increased stability of the complex architectures on a gold support makes these model systems an ideal starting point for studying more complex strongly adhesive/interacting systems, including, for example, ligand/receptor interactions, biosensing interactions, or cell/surface interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Bilotto
- Institute of Applied Physics , Vienna University of Technology , Vienna 1040 , Austria
| | - Maximilian Lengauer
- Institute of Applied Physics , Vienna University of Technology , Vienna 1040 , Austria
| | | | - Ulrich Ramach
- Institute of Applied Physics , Vienna University of Technology , Vienna 1040 , Austria
- CEST Kompetenzzentrum für elektrochemische Oberflächentechnologie , Wiener Neustadt 2700 , Austria
| | - Laura L E Mears
- Institute of Applied Physics , Vienna University of Technology , Vienna 1040 , Austria
| | - Markus Valtiner
- Institute of Applied Physics , Vienna University of Technology , Vienna 1040 , Austria
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8
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de Aguiar HB, McGraw JD, Donaldson SH. Interface-Sensitive Raman Microspectroscopy of Water via Confinement with a Multimodal Miniature Surface Forces Apparatus. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:15543-15551. [PMID: 31310142 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Modern interfacial science is increasingly multidisciplinary. Unique insight into interfacial interactions requires new multimodal techniques for interrogating surfaces with simultaneous complementary physical and chemical measurements. Here, we describe the design and testing of a microscope that incorporates a miniature surface forces apparatus (μSFA) in sphere vs flat geometry for force-distance measurements, while simultaneously acquiring Raman spectra of the confined zone. The simple optical setup isolates independent optical paths for (i) the illumination and imaging of Newton's rings and (ii) Raman scattering excitation and efficient signal collection. We benchmark the methodology by examining Teflon thin films in asymmetric (Teflon-water-glass) and symmetric (Teflon-water-Teflon) configurations. Water is observed near the Teflon-glass interface with nanometer-scale sensitivity in both the distance and Raman signals. We perform chemically resolved, label-free imaging of confined contact regions between Teflon and glass surfaces immersed in water. Remarkably, we estimate that the combined approach enables vibrational spectroscopy with single water monolayer sensitivity within minutes. Altogether, the Raman-μSFA allows exploration of molecular confinement between surfaces with chemical selectivity and correlation with interaction forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilton B de Aguiar
- Département de Physique , Ecole Normale Supérieure/PSL Research University, CNRS , 24 rue Lhomond , 75005 Paris , France
| | - Joshua D McGraw
- Département de Physique , Ecole Normale Supérieure/PSL Research University, CNRS , 24 rue Lhomond , 75005 Paris , France
- Gulliver CNRS UMR 7083 , PSL Research University, ESPCI Paris , 10 rue Vauquelin , 75005 Paris , France
| | - Stephen H Donaldson
- Département de Physique , Ecole Normale Supérieure/PSL Research University, CNRS , 24 rue Lhomond , 75005 Paris , France
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9
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Sugiyama R, Nakatani T, Nishimura S, Takenaka K, Ozaki T, Asamizu S, Onaka H, Kakeya H. Chemical Interactions of Cryptic Actinomycete Metabolite 5‐Alkyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroquinolines through Aggregate Formation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:13486-13491. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201905970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Sugiyama
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular SciencesDivision of Bioinformatics and Chemical GenomicsGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKyoto University, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
- Present address: Department of PharmacyNational University of Singapore 18 Science Drive 4 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Takahiro Nakatani
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular SciencesDivision of Bioinformatics and Chemical GenomicsGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKyoto University, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Shinichi Nishimura
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular SciencesDivision of Bioinformatics and Chemical GenomicsGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKyoto University, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
- Department of BiotechnologyGraduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesThe University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative MicrobiologyThe University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
| | - Kei Takenaka
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular SciencesDivision of Bioinformatics and Chemical GenomicsGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKyoto University, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Taro Ozaki
- Department of BiotechnologyGraduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesThe University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
- Present address: Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceHokkaido University Sapporo 060-0810 Hokkaido Japan
| | - Shumpei Asamizu
- Department of BiotechnologyGraduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesThe University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative MicrobiologyThe University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Onaka
- Department of BiotechnologyGraduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesThe University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative MicrobiologyThe University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
| | - Hideaki Kakeya
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular SciencesDivision of Bioinformatics and Chemical GenomicsGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKyoto University, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
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10
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Enoki TA, Feigenson GW. Asymmetric Bilayers by Hemifusion: Method and Leaflet Behaviors. Biophys J 2019; 117:1037-1050. [PMID: 31493862 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe a new method to prepare asymmetric giant unilamellar vesicles (aGUVs) via hemifusion. Hemifusion of giant unilamellar vesicles and a supported lipid bilayer, triggered by calcium, promotes the lipid exchange of the fused outer leaflets mediated by lipid diffusion. We used different fluorescent dyes to monitor the inner and the outer leaflets of the unsupported aGUVs. We confirmed that almost all newly exchanged lipids in the aGUVs are found in the outer leaflet of these asymmetric vesicles. In addition, we test the stability of the aGUVs formed by hemifusion in preserving their contents during the procedure. For aGUVs prepared from the hemifusion of giant unilamellar vesicles composed of 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine/1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine/cholesterol = 0.39/0.39/0.22 and a supported lipid bilayer of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine/cholesterol = 0.8/0.2, we observed the exchanged lipids to alter the bilayer properties. To access the physical and chemical properties of the asymmetric bilayer, we monitored the dye partition coefficients of individual leaflets and the generalized polarization of the fluorescence probe 6-dodecanoyl-2-[ N-methyl-N-(carboxymethyl)amino] naphthalene, a sensor for the lipid packing/order of its surroundings. For a high percentage of lipid exchange (>70%), the dye partition indicates induced-disordered and induced-ordered domains. The induced domains have distinct lipid packing/order compared to the symmetric liquid-disordered and liquid-ordered domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais A Enoki
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.
| | - Gerald W Feigenson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
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11
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Sugiyama R, Nakatani T, Nishimura S, Takenaka K, Ozaki T, Asamizu S, Onaka H, Kakeya H. Chemical Interactions of Cryptic Actinomycete Metabolite 5‐Alkyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroquinolines through Aggregate Formation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201905970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Sugiyama
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular SciencesDivision of Bioinformatics and Chemical GenomicsGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKyoto University, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
- Present address: Department of PharmacyNational University of Singapore 18 Science Drive 4 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Takahiro Nakatani
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular SciencesDivision of Bioinformatics and Chemical GenomicsGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKyoto University, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Shinichi Nishimura
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular SciencesDivision of Bioinformatics and Chemical GenomicsGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKyoto University, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
- Department of BiotechnologyGraduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesThe University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative MicrobiologyThe University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
| | - Kei Takenaka
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular SciencesDivision of Bioinformatics and Chemical GenomicsGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKyoto University, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Taro Ozaki
- Department of BiotechnologyGraduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesThe University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
- Present address: Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceHokkaido University Sapporo 060-0810 Hokkaido Japan
| | - Shumpei Asamizu
- Department of BiotechnologyGraduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesThe University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative MicrobiologyThe University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Onaka
- Department of BiotechnologyGraduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesThe University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative MicrobiologyThe University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
| | - Hideaki Kakeya
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular SciencesDivision of Bioinformatics and Chemical GenomicsGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKyoto University, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
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12
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Schwenzfeier KA, Erbe A, Bilotto P, Lengauer M, Merola C, Cheng HW, Mears LLE, Valtiner M. Optimizing multiple beam interferometry in the surface forces apparatus: Novel optics, reflection mode modeling, metal layer thicknesses, birefringence, and rotation of anisotropic layers. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2019; 90:043908. [PMID: 31043001 DOI: 10.1063/1.5085210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Multiple beam interferometry (MBI) evolved as a powerful tool for the simultaneous evaluation of thin film thicknesses and refractive indices in Surface Forces Apparatus (SFA) measurements. However, analysis has relied on simplifications for providing fast or simplified analysis of recorded interference spectra. Here, we describe the implementation of new optics and a generalized fitting approach to 4 × 4 transfer matrix method simulations for the SFA. Layers are described by dispersive complex refractive indices, thicknesses, and Euler angles that can be fitted, providing modeling for birefringent or colored layers. Normalization of data by incident light intensities is essential for the implementation of a fitting approach. Therefore, a modular optical system is described that can be retrofit to any existing SFA setup. Real-time normalization of spectra by white light is realized, alignment procedures are considerably simplified, and direct switching between transmission and reflection modes is possible. A numerical approach is introduced for constructing transfer matrices for birefringent materials. Full fitting of data to the simulation is implemented for arbitrary multilayered stacks used in SFA. This enables self-consistent fitting of mirror thicknesses, birefringence, and relative rotation of anisotropic layers (e.g., mica), evaluation of reflection and transmission mode spectra, and simultaneous fitting of thicknesses and refractive indices of media confined between two surfaces. In addition, a fast full spectral fitting method is implemented for providing a possible real-time analysis with up to 30 fps. We measure and analyze refractive indices of confined cyclohexane, the thickness of lipid bilayers, the thickness of metal layers, the relative rotation of birefringent materials, contact widths, as well as simultaneous fitting of both reflection and transmission mode spectra of typical interferometers. Our analyses suggest a number of best practices for conducting SFA and open MBI in an SFA for increasingly complex systems, including metamaterials, multilayered anisotropic layers, and chiral layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai A Schwenzfeier
- Institute for Applied Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Erbe
- Department of Material Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Pierluigi Bilotto
- Institute for Applied Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Maximilian Lengauer
- Institute for Applied Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudia Merola
- Institute for Applied Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hsiu-Wei Cheng
- Institute for Applied Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Laura L E Mears
- Institute for Applied Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Valtiner
- Institute for Applied Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
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13
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Lee DW. Revisiting the Interaction Force Measurement between Lipid Bilayers Using a Surface Forces Apparatus (SFA). J Oleo Sci 2018; 67:1361-1372. [PMID: 30404956 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess18088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Woog Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology
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14
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Anghel VNP, Bolmatov D, Katsaras J. Models for randomly distributed nanoscopic domains on spherical vesicles. Phys Rev E 2018; 97:062405. [PMID: 30011588 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.97.062405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The existence of lipid domains in the plasma membrane of biological systems has proven controversial, primarily due to their nanoscopic size-a length scale difficult to interrogate with most commonly used experimental techniques. Scattering techniques have recently proven capable of studying nanoscopic lipid domains populating spherical vesicles. However, the development of analytical methods able of predicting and analyzing domain pair correlations from such experiments has not kept pace. Here, we developed models for the random distribution of monodisperse, circular nanoscopic domains averaged on the surface of a spherical vesicle. Specifically, the models take into account (i) intradomain correlations corresponding to form factors and interdomain correlations corresponding to pair distribution functions, and (ii) the analytical computation of interdomain correlations for cases of two and three domains on a spherical vesicle. In the case of more than three domains, these correlations are treated either by Monte Carlo simulations or by spherical analogs of the Ornstein-Zernike and Percus-Yevick (PY) equations. Importantly, the spherical analog of the PY equation works best in the case of nanoscopic size domains, a length scale that is mostly inaccessible by experimental approaches such as, for example, fluorescent techniques and optical microscopies. The analytical form factors and structure factors of nanoscopic domains populating a spherical vesicle provide a new and important framework for the quantitative analysis of experimental data from commonly studied phase-separated vesicles used in a wide range of biophysical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius N P Anghel
- Nuclear Engineering and Systems Division, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Plant Road, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada K0J 1J0
| | - Dima Bolmatov
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6453, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - John Katsaras
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6453, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Shull Wollan Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6453, USA
- Department of Physics, Brock University, 500 Glendale Avenue, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada L2S 3A1
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15
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Basso LGM, Vicente EF, Crusca E, Cilli EM, Costa-Filho AJ. SARS-CoV fusion peptides induce membrane surface ordering and curvature. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37131. [PMID: 27892522 PMCID: PMC5125003 DOI: 10.1038/srep37131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral membrane fusion is an orchestrated process triggered by membrane-anchored viral fusion glycoproteins. The S2 subunit of the spike glycoprotein from severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (CoV) contains internal domains called fusion peptides (FP) that play essential roles in virus entry. Although membrane fusion has been broadly studied, there are still major gaps in the molecular details of lipid rearrangements in the bilayer during fusion peptide-membrane interactions. Here we employed differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and electron spin resonance (ESR) to gather information on the membrane fusion mechanism promoted by two putative SARS FPs. DSC data showed the peptides strongly perturb the structural integrity of anionic vesicles and support the hypothesis that the peptides generate opposing curvature stresses on phosphatidylethanolamine membranes. ESR showed that both FPs increase lipid packing and head group ordering as well as reduce the intramembrane water content for anionic membranes. Therefore, bending moment in the bilayer could be generated, promoting negative curvature. The significance of the ordering effect, membrane dehydration, changes in the curvature properties and the possible role of negatively charged phospholipids in helping to overcome the high kinetic barrier involved in the different stages of the SARS-CoV-mediated membrane fusion are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis G M Basso
- Grupo de Biofísica Molecular Sérgio Mascarenhas, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São-carlense, 400, Centro, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.,Laboratório de Biofísica Molecular, Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo. Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo F Vicente
- Faculdade de Ciências e Engenharia, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Campus de Tupã. Rua Domingos da Costa Lopes, 780, 17602-496, Tupã, SP, Brazil
| | - Edson Crusca
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Tecnologia Química, Instituto de Química, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista. Rua Prof. Franscisco Degni, 55, 14800-900, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo M Cilli
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Tecnologia Química, Instituto de Química, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista. Rua Prof. Franscisco Degni, 55, 14800-900, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio J Costa-Filho
- Laboratório de Biofísica Molecular, Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo. Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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16
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SNARE-mediated membrane fusion trajectories derived from force-clamp experiments. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:13051-13056. [PMID: 27807132 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1615885113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusion of lipid bilayers is usually prevented by large energy barriers arising from removal of the hydration shell, formation of highly curved structures, and, eventually, fusion pore widening. Here, we measured the force-dependent lifetime of fusion intermediates using membrane-coated silica spheres attached to cantilevers of an atomic-force microscope. Analysis of time traces obtained from force-clamp experiments allowed us to unequivocally assign steps in deflection of the cantilever to membrane states during the SNARE-mediated fusion with solid-supported lipid bilayers. Force-dependent lifetime distributions of the various intermediate fusion states allowed us to propose the likelihood of different fusion pathways and to assess the main free energy barrier, which was found to be related to passing of the hydration barrier and splaying of lipids to eventually enter either the fully fused state or a long-lived hemifusion intermediate. The results were compared with SNARE mutants that arrest adjacent bilayers in the docked state and membranes in the absence of SNAREs but presence of PEG or calcium. Only with the WT SNARE construct was appreciable merging of both bilayers observed.
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17
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Moreau-Luchaire C, Mouta S C, Reyren N, Sampaio J, Vaz CAF, Van Horne N, Bouzehouane K, Garcia K, Deranlot C, Warnicke P, Wohlhüter P, George JM, Weigand M, Raabe J, Cros V, Fert A. Additive interfacial chiral interaction in multilayers for stabilization of small individual skyrmions at room temperature. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 11:444-8. [PMID: 26780660 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2015.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Facing the ever-growing demand for data storage will most probably require a new paradigm. Nanoscale magnetic skyrmions are anticipated to solve this issue as they are arguably the smallest spin textures in magnetic thin films in nature. We designed cobalt-based multilayered thin films in which the cobalt layer is sandwiched between two heavy metals and so provides additive interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions (DMIs), which reach a value close to 2 mJ m(-2) in the case of the Ir|Co|Pt asymmetric multilayers. Using a magnetization-sensitive scanning X-ray transmission microscopy technique, we imaged small magnetic domains at very low fields in these multilayers. The study of their behaviour in a perpendicular magnetic field allows us to conclude that they are actually magnetic skyrmions stabilized by the large DMI. This discovery of stable sub-100 nm individual skyrmions at room temperature in a technologically relevant material opens the way for device applications in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Moreau-Luchaire
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91767, France
| | - C Mouta S
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
- School of Computer Science, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - N Reyren
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91767, France
| | - J Sampaio
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91767, France
| | - C A F Vaz
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - N Van Horne
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91767, France
| | - K Bouzehouane
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91767, France
| | - K Garcia
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91767, France
| | - C Deranlot
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91767, France
| | - P Warnicke
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - P Wohlhüter
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Mesoscopic Systems, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J-M George
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91767, France
| | - M Weigand
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - J Raabe
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - V Cros
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91767, France
| | - A Fert
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91767, France
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Abstract
The priming of a docked synaptic vesicle determines the probability of its membrane (VM) fusing with the presynaptic membrane (PM) when a nerve impulse arrives. To gain insight into the nature of priming, we searched by electron tomography for structural relationships correlated with fusion probability at active zones of axon terminals at frog neuromuscular junctions. For terminals fixed at rest, the contact area between the VM of docked vesicles and PM varied >10-fold with a normal distribution. There was no merging of the membranes. For terminals fixed during repetitive evoked synaptic transmission, the normal distribution of contact areas was shifted to the left, due in part to a decreased number of large contact areas, and there was a subpopulation of large contact areas where the membranes were hemifused, an intermediate preceding complete fusion. Thus, fusion probability of a docked vesicle is related to the extent of its VM-PM contact area. For terminals fixed 1 h after activity, the distribution of contact areas recovered to that at rest, indicating the extent of a VM-PM contact area is dynamic and in equilibrium. The extent of VM-PM contact areas in resting terminals correlated with eccentricity in vesicle shape caused by force toward the PM and with shortness of active zone material macromolecules linking vesicles to PM components, some thought to include Ca(2+) channels. We propose that priming is a variable continuum of events imposing variable fusion probability on each vesicle and is regulated by force-generating shortening of active zone material macromolecules in dynamic equilibrium.
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