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Wang H, Shi Y, Xu X, Xu S, Shi Y, Chen W, Wang K. A novel neutrophil extracellular traps-related lncRNA signature predicts prognosis in patients with early-stage lung adenocarcinoma. Ann Med 2023; 55:2279754. [PMID: 37980632 PMCID: PMC10836256 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2279754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) could entrap tumour cells and promote their dissemination and metastasis. Further analysis of NETs-related molecules is expected to provide a new strategy for prognosis prediction and treatment of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. METHODS The model construction was established through co-expression analysis, Lasso Cox regression, univariate and multivariate COX regression, Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway. The potential drugs and analysed drug sensitivity were screened by pRRophetic packages. RESULTS In this study, we constructed a 15 NETs-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) prognostic prediction model (AC091057.1, SPART-AS1, AC023796.2, AL031600.2, AC084781.1, AC032011.1, FAM66C, C026355.2, AL096870.2, AC092718.5, PELATON, AC008635.1, AL162632.3, AC087501.4 and AC123768.3) for patients with early-stage LUAD based on public databases and datasets. The signature is associated with immune cell functions, tumour mutation burden and treatment sensitivity in LUAD patients. Additionally, we found that FAM66C is highly expressed in lung cancer patients for the first time, which is associated with poor prognosis. FAM66C knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration ability of the tumour cells. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this model is a new and effective prognostic and efficacy predictive biomarker, FAM66C plays an oncogene role in the process of LUAD development. It may provide a new theoretical basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment in LUAD patients in early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Yueli Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Xia Xu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shumin Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Yuting Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Weiyu Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
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Liu W, Ren S, Zeng C, Hu Y. Prognostic value of perineural invasion in resected non-small cell lung cancer: A meta-analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15266. [PMID: 37089287 PMCID: PMC10113867 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The prognostic role of perineural invasion (PNI) in resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. A meta-analysis was performed to compare the overall survival (OS) of patients with resected NSCLC with and without PNI. Methods The PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched to identify relevant studies investigating the effect of PNI on OS in patients with resected NSCLC. Pooled hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using a random-effects model. Separate meta-analyses using adjusted or unadjusted HR for OS were performed using Stata/SE 12.0. Results Eleven studies comprising 2,279 patients were included. In total, PNI was identified in 9% (median, 4%-31%) of patients with resected NSCLC. The unadjusted pooled effect of the PNI was significantly associated with worse OS (HR, 2; 95% CI, 1.65-2.43). Adjusting for potential confounders yielded a similar result, with OS being significantly worse (HR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.8-2.51) for patients exhibiting PNI. Conclusion This meta-analysis indicates that the PNI is a strong prognostic factor for unfavorable outcomes in patients with resected NSCLC. Further large-scale prospective lung cancer trials are required to validate these results.
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Wang F, Lin H, Su Q, Li C. Cuproptosis-related lncRNA predict prognosis and immune response of lung adenocarcinoma. World J Surg Oncol 2022; 20:275. [PMID: 36050740 PMCID: PMC9434888 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-022-02727-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) accounts for 50% of lung cancers, with high mortality and poor prognosis. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays a vital role in the progression of tumors. Cuproptosis is a newly discovered form of cell death that is highly investigated. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to investigate the role of cuproptosis-related lncRNA signature in clinical prognosis prediction and immunotherapy and the relationship with drug sensitivity. MATERIAL AND METHODS Genomic and clinical data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases, and cuproptosis-related genes were obtained from cuproptosis-related studies. The prognostic signature was constructed by co-expression analysis and Cox regression analysis. Patients were divided into high and low risk groups, and then, a further series of model validations were carried out to assess the prognostic value of the signature. Subsequently, lncRNAs were analyzed for gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes Enrichment (KEGG), immune-related functions, and tumor mutation burden (TMB). Finally, we used tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) algorithms on immune escape and immunotherapy of cuproptosis-related lncRNAs, thereby identifying its sensitivity toward potential drugs for LUAD. RESULTS A total of 16 cuproptosis-related lncRNAs were obtained, and a prognostic signature was developed. We found that high-risk patients had worse overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) and higher mortality. Independent prognostic analyses, ROC, C-index, and nomogram showed that the cuproptosis-related lncRNAs can accurately predict the prognosis of patients. The nomogram and heatmap showed a distinct distribution of the high- and low-risk cuproptosis-related lncRNAs. Enrichment analysis showed that the biological functions of lncRNAs are associated with tumor development. We also found that immune-related functions, such as antiviral activity, were suppressed in high-risk patients who had mutations in oncogenes. OS was poorer in patients with high TMB. TIDE algorithms showed that high-risk patients have a greater potential for immune escape and less effective immunotherapy. CONCLUSION To conclude, the 16 cuproptosis-related lncRNAs can accurately predict the prognosis of patients with LUAD and may provide new insights into clinical applications and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangwei Wang
- grid.412594.f0000 0004 1757 2961Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nan’ning, China
| | - Hongsheng Lin
- grid.256607.00000 0004 1798 2653Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nan’ning, China
| | - Qisheng Su
- grid.412594.f0000 0004 1757 2961Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nan’ning, China
| | - Chaoqian Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nan'ning, China.
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A New Prognostic Indicator of Immune Microenvironment and Therapeutic Response in Lung Adenocarcinoma Based on Peroxisome-Related Genes. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:6084589. [PMID: 35935579 PMCID: PMC9346542 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6084589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has been the major cause of tumor-associated mortality in recent years and exhibits a poor outcome. New data revealed that peroxisomes have a function in the regulation of the development and progression of several tumors. However, the prognostic values of peroxisome-related genes (PRGs) were rarely reported. Genomic sequence, mutation, and clinical data of 535 LUAD tissues were obtained from TCGA data sets. Within the TCGA cohort, a multigene signature was constructed with the assistance of the LASSO Cox regression model. Three GEO data sets, including GSE3141, GSE31210, and GSE72094, were obtained as validation cohorts. ROC assays, Kaplan-Meier methods, and multivariate assays were applied to examine the prognostic capacities of the novel signature. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed to further understand the underlying molecular mechanisms. In this study, we identified 47 differentially expressed peroxisome-related genes (PRGs), including 25 increased and 22 decreased PRGs. A prognostic model of six PRGs was established. The univariate and multivariate Cox analyses both showed that the p value of risk score was less than 0.05. In LUAD patients, the strong connection between the risk score and overall survival was further verified in three other GEO data sets. TMB and cancer stem cell infiltration were shown to be significantly higher in the high-risk group in comparison to the low-risk group. The TIDE score of the group with the low risk was considerably greater than that of the group with the high risk. Several drugs, targeting PRG-related genes, were available for the treatments of LUAD. Overall, we developed a novel peroxisome-related prognostic signature for LUAD patients. This signature could successfully indicate LUAD patients' chances of survival as well as their immune system's responsiveness to treatments. In addition, it has the potential to serve as immunotherapeutic targets for LUAD patients.
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Zhang Y, Chen Z, Jiang A, Gao G. KLRK1 as a prognostic biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1976. [PMID: 35132098 PMCID: PMC8821622 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05997-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancy worldwide and causes estimated 1.6 million deaths each year. Cancer immunosurveillance has been found to play an important role in lung cancer and may be related with its prognosis. KLRK1, encoding NKG2D, is a homodimeric lectin-like receptor. However, there has not been one research of KLRK1 as a biomarker in lung cancer. Data including patients` clinical characteristics and RNAseq information of KLRK1 from TCGA were downloaded. A total of 1019 patients with lung cancer were included in this study, among which 407 patients were female and 611 patients were male. Evaluations of mRNA expression, diagnostic value by ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curves and prognostic value by survival curve, Cox model and subgroup analysis were performed. The level of KLRK1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma cancer tissues and normal lung tissues was detected by qRT-PCR. The CCK-8 assay investigated the proliferation rate and the wound healing assay assessed the migratory ability in vitro. The expression of KLRK1 in tumor was lower than that in normal tissue. KLRK1 expression was associated with gender, histologic grade, stage, T classification and vital status. Patients with high KLRK1 expression presented an improved overall survival (P = 0.0036) and relapse free survival (P = 0.0031). KLRK1 was found to have significant prognostic value in lung adenocarcinoma (P = 0.015), stage I/II (P = 0.03), older patients (P = 0.0052), and male (P = 0.0047) by subgroup overall survival analysis, and in lung adenocarcinoma (P = 0.0094), stage I/II (P = 0.0076), older patients (P = 0.0072), and male (P = 0.0033) by subgroup relapse free survival analysis. Lung adenocarcinoma cancer patients with high KLRK1 expression presented an improved overall survival (P = 0.015) and relapse free survival (P = 0.0094). In vitro studies indicated that KLRK1 inhibited tumor cell proliferation and migration. KLRK1 was an independent prognostic factor and high KLRK1 expression indicated a better overall and relapse free survival. KLRK1 may be a prognostic biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhang
- Clinical Medical College, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261000, China.,Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, 276000, China
| | - Zeyang Chen
- Clinical Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Aifang Jiang
- Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261000, China.
| | - Guanqi Gao
- Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, 276000, China.
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Liu C, Xiang X, Han S, Lim HY, Li L, Zhang X, Ma Z, Yang L, Guo S, Soo R, Ren B, Wang L, Goh BC. Blood-based liquid biopsy: Insights into early detection and clinical management of lung cancer. Cancer Lett 2022; 524:91-102. [PMID: 34656690 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Currently, early detection of lung cancer relies on the characterisation of images generated from computed tomography (CT). However, lung tissue biopsy, a highly invasive surgical procedure, is required to confirm CT-derived diagnostic results with very high false-positive rates. Hence, a non-invasive or minimally invasive biomarkers is essential to complement the existing low-dose CT (LDCT) for early detection, improve responses to a certain treatment, predict cancer recurrence, and to evaluate prognosis. In the past decade, liquid biopsies (e.g., blood) have been demonstrated to be highly effective for lung cancer biomarker discovery. In this review, the roles of emerging liquid biopsy-derived biomarkers such as circulating nucleic acids, circulating tumour cells (CTCs), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and microRNA (miRNA), as well as exosomes, have been highlighted. The advantages and limitations of these blood-based minimally invasive biomarkers have been discussed. Furthermore, the current progress of the identified biomarkers for clinical management of lung cancer has been summarised. Finally, a potential strategy for the early detection of lung cancer, using a combination of LDCT scans and well-validated biomarkers, has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiliu Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Xiang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Shuangqing Han
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, China
| | - Hannah Ying Lim
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Lingrui Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, China
| | - Zhaowu Ma
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, China
| | - Li Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuliang Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ross Soo
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, 119228, Singapore
| | - Boxu Ren
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, China.
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
| | - Boon Cher Goh
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, 119228, Singapore; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore
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High CTSL2 expression predicts poor prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:22315-22331. [PMID: 34555812 PMCID: PMC8507295 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cathepsin like 2 (CTSL2) is a lysosomal cysteine protease, and may be associated with tumor metastasis. However, CTSL2 has not been reported as a biomarker in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). In this study, bioinformatics analysis using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas was performed. Wilcoxon rank-sum test and chi-square test were carried out. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression were performed to evaluate the effect of CTSL2 expression in the overall survival. Our results indicated that CTSL2 in tumor was significantly higher than that in normal tissue (P < 0.001). High CTSL2 expression was significantly associated with age (P = 0.02), vital status (P < 0.001), and T classification (P = 0.03), and correlated with poor overall survival (HR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.21–2.18, P = 0.001). CTSL2 expression was an independent risk factor for overall survival in patients with LUAD (HR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.12–2.05, P = 0.006). A nomogram was plotted for illustration of CTSL2 expression on the risk of LUAD. Furthermore, in vitro cell experiments showed the CTSL2 promoted the proliferation and migration of A549 cells. In summary, high CTSL2 expression predicts poor prognosis in patients with LUAD.
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Feng M, Ye X, Chen B, Zhang J, Lin M, Zhou H, Huang M, Chen Y, Zhu Y, Xiao B, Huang C, Katz RL, Bai C. Detection of circulating genetically abnormal cells using 4-color fluorescence in situ hybridization for the early detection of lung cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:2397-2405. [PMID: 33547948 PMCID: PMC8236478 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03517-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Available biomarkers lack sensitivity for an early lung cancer. Circulating genetically abnormal cells (CACs) occur early in tumorigenesis. To determine the diagnostic value of CACs in blood detected by 4-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for lung cancer. METHODS This was a prospective study of patients with pulmonary nodules ≤ 30 mm detected between 10/2019 and 01/2020 at four tertiary hospitals in China. All patients underwent a pathological examination of lung nodules found by imaging and were grouped as malignant and benign. CACs were detected by 4-color FISH. Patients were divided into the training and validation cohorts. Receiver operating characteristics analysis was used to analyze the diagnosis value of CACs. RESULTS A total of 205 participants were enrolled. Using a cut-off value of ≥ 3, blood CACs achieved areas under the curve (AUCs) of 0.887, 0.823, and 0.823 for lung cancer in the training and validation cohorts, and all patients, respectively. CACs had high diagnostic values across all tumor sizes and imaging lesion types. CACs were decreased after surgery (median, 4 vs. 1, P < 0.001) in the validation set. The CAC status between blood and tissues was highly consistent (kappa = 0.909, P < 0.001). The AUC of CAC (0.823) was higher than that of CEA (0.478), SCC (0.516), NSE (0.506), ProGRP (0.519), and CYFRA21-1 (0.535) (all P < 0.001). CONCLUSION CACs might have a high value for the early diagnosis of lung cancer. These findings might need to be validated in future studies. Evidence suggested homology in genetic aberrations between the CACs and the tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxiang Feng
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Ye
- Zhuhai Sanmed Biotech. Ltd, Zhuhai, China
- Joint Research Center of Liquid Biopsy in Guangdong, Hongkong and Macao, Zhuhai, China
- Department of Thoracic surgery, Respiratory Center of Suining Central Hospital, An Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, An Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Suining, Sichuan, China
| | - Baishen Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juncheng Zhang
- Zhuhai Sanmed Biotech. Ltd, Zhuhai, China
- Joint Research Center of Liquid Biopsy in Guangdong, Hongkong and Macao, Zhuhai, China
| | - Miao Lin
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haining Zhou
- Department of Thoracic surgery, Respiratory Center of Suining Central Hospital, An Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, An Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Suining, Sichuan, China
| | - Meng Huang
- Zhuhai Sanmed Biotech. Ltd, Zhuhai, China
- Joint Research Center of Liquid Biopsy in Guangdong, Hongkong and Macao, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yanci Chen
- Zhuhai Sanmed Biotech. Ltd, Zhuhai, China
- Joint Research Center of Liquid Biopsy in Guangdong, Hongkong and Macao, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yunhe Zhu
- Department of Thoracic surgery, Respiratory Center of Suining Central Hospital, An Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, An Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Suining, Sichuan, China
| | - Botao Xiao
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuoji Huang
- Zhuhai Sanmed Biotech. Ltd, Zhuhai, China.
- Joint Research Center of Liquid Biopsy in Guangdong, Hongkong and Macao, Zhuhai, China.
| | - Ruth L Katz
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chunxue Bai
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Investigation of Radiation-Induced Toxicity in Head and Neck Cancer Patients through Radiomics and Machine Learning: A Systematic Review. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:5566508. [PMID: 34211551 PMCID: PMC8211491 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5566508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background. Radiation-induced toxicity represents a crucial concern in oncological treatments of patients affected by head and neck neoplasms, due to its impact on survivors' quality of life. Published reports suggested the potential of radiomics combined with machine learning methods in the prediction and assessment of radiation-induced toxicities, supporting a tailored radiation treatment management. In this paper, we present an update of the current knowledge concerning these modern approaches. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic review according to PICO-PRISMA methodology was conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed and EMBASE databases until June 2019. Studies assessing the use of radiomics combined with machine learning in predicting radiation-induced toxicity in head and neck cancer patients were specifically included. Four authors (two independently and two in concordance) assessed the methodological quality of the included studies using the Radiomic Quality Score (RQS). The overall score for each analyzed study was obtained by the sum of the single RQS items; the average and standard deviation values of the authors' RQS were calculated and reported. RESULTS Eight included papers, presenting data on parotid glands, cochlea, masticatory muscles, and white brain matter, were specifically analyzed in this review. Only one study had an average RQS was ≤ 30% (50%), while 3 studies obtained a RQS almost ≤ 25%. Potential variability in the interpretations of specific RQS items could have influenced the inter-rater agreement in specific cases. CONCLUSIONS Published radiomic studies provide encouraging but still limited and preliminary data that require further validation to improve the decision-making processes in preventing and managing radiation-induced toxicities.
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Zhao HS, Tao XM, Wang Q, Fang YY, Zhang HY, Wang HQ, Zhang GJ. Silencing SIX1 by miR-7160 inhibits non-small cell lung cancer cell growth. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:8055-8067. [PMID: 33686961 PMCID: PMC8034971 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The homeoprotein SIX1 is upregulated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and associated with NSCLC tumorigenesis and progression. We identified microRNA-7160 (miR-7160) as a SIX1-targeting miRNA. RNA immunoprecipitation results confirmed a direct binding between miR-7160 and SIX1 mRNA in NSCLC cells. In the primary and established NSCLC cells, forced overexpression of miR-7160 downregulated SIX1 and inhibited cancer cell growth, proliferation, migration and invasion. Furthermore, miR-7160 overexpression induced apoptosis activation in NSCLC cells. Conversely, miR-7160 inhibition elevated SIX1 expression and enhanced NSCLC cell progression in vitro. Restoring SIX1 expression, by an untranslated region-depleted SIX1 expression construct, reversed miR-7160-induced anti-NSCLC cell activity. CRISPR/Cas9-inudced knockout of SIX1 mimicked miR-7160-induced actions and produced anti-NSCLC cell activity. In vivo, intratumoral injection of miR-7160-expressing lentivirus downregulated SIX1 mRNA and inhibited NSCLC xenograft growth in severe combined immunodeficient mice. Significantly, miR-7160 expression is downregulated in human NSCLC tissues and is correlated with SIX1 mRNA upregulation. Collectively, miR-7160 silenced SIX1 and inhibited NSCLC cell growth in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Si Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Min Tao
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital; People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hong-Yu Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hua-Qi Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guo-Jun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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11
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Liu WR, Zhang B, Chen C, Li Y, Ye X, Tang DJ, Zhang JC, Ma J, Zhou YL, Fan XJ, Yue DS, Li CG, Zhang H, Ma YC, Huo YS, Zhang ZF, He SY, Wang CL. Detection of circulating genetically abnormal cells in peripheral blood for early diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer. Thorac Cancer 2020; 11:3234-3242. [PMID: 32989915 PMCID: PMC7606026 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating genetically abnormal cells (CACs) with specific chromosome variations have been confirmed to be present in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the diagnostic performance of CAC detection remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the potential clinical application of the CAC test for the early diagnosis of NSCLC. METHODS In this prospective study, a total of 339 participants (261 lung cancer patients and 78 healthy volunteers) were enrolled. An antigen-independent fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to enumerate the number of CACs in peripheral blood. RESULTS Patients with early-stage NSCLC were found to have a significantly higher number of CACs than those of healthy participants (1.34 vs. 0.19; P < 0.001). The CAC test displayed an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.76139 for discriminating stage I NSCLC from healthy participants with 67.2% sensitivity and 80.8% specificity, respectively. Compared with serum tumor markers, the sensitivity of CAC assays for distinguishing early-stage NSCLC was higher (67.2% vs. 48.7%, P < 0.001), especially in NSCLC patients with small nodules (65.4% vs. 36.5%, P = 0.003) and ground-glass nodules (pure GGNs: 66.7% vs. 40.9%, P = 0.003; mixed GGNs: 73.0% vs. 43.2%, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS CAC detection in early stage NSCLC was feasible. Our study showed that CACs could be used as a promising noninvasive biomarker for the early diagnosis of NSCLC. KEY POINTS What this study adds: This study aimed to evaluate the potential clinical application of the CAC test for the early diagnosis of NSCLC. Significant findings of the study: CAC detection in early stage NSCLC was feasible. Our study showed that CACs could be used as a promising noninvasive biomarker for the early diagnosis of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ran Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Ye
- Joint Research Center of Liquid Biopsy in Guangdong, Hong kong, and Macao, Zhuhai, China.,Zhuhai Sanmed Biotech Ltd., Zhuhai, China.,Guangdong Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Bases, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, China
| | - Dong-Jiang Tang
- Joint Research Center of Liquid Biopsy in Guangdong, Hong kong, and Macao, Zhuhai, China.,Zhuhai Sanmed Biotech Ltd., Zhuhai, China
| | - Jun-Cheng Zhang
- Joint Research Center of Liquid Biopsy in Guangdong, Hong kong, and Macao, Zhuhai, China.,Zhuhai Sanmed Biotech Ltd., Zhuhai, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Henan University Huaihe Hospital, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yan-Ling Zhou
- Joint Research Center of Liquid Biopsy in Guangdong, Hong kong, and Macao, Zhuhai, China.,Zhuhai Sanmed Biotech Ltd., Zhuhai, China
| | - Xian-Jun Fan
- Joint Research Center of Liquid Biopsy in Guangdong, Hong kong, and Macao, Zhuhai, China.,Zhuhai Sanmed Biotech Ltd., Zhuhai, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Yue
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen-Guang Li
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu-Chen Ma
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan-Song Huo
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhen-Fa Zhang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Shu-Yu He
- Joint Research Center of Liquid Biopsy in Guangdong, Hong kong, and Macao, Zhuhai, China.,Zhuhai Sanmed Biotech Ltd., Zhuhai, China
| | - Chang-Li Wang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
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12
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Yang H, Zhao M, Zhao L, Li P, Duan Y, Li G. CircRNA BIRC6 promotes non-small cell lung cancer cell progression by sponging microRNA-145. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2020; 43:477-488. [PMID: 32297303 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-020-00503-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality world-wide. Recently, a number of circular RNAs (circRNAs) has been found to be differentially expressed in human NSCLCs, correlating with clinico-pathological features. As yet, the expression and potential role of circRNA BIRC6 (circBIRC6) in NSCLC have not been studied. METHODS Expression of circBIRC6 and its target microRNA-145 (miR-145) in human NSCLC cells and tissues was assessed using qRT-PCR. In vitro genetic strategies were used to exogenously alter circBIRC6 and miR-145 expression. Their impact on in vitro and in vivo NSCLC cell behavior was studied. RESULTS We found that circBIRC6 was upregulated in primary human NSCLC tissues and NSCLC cells, whereas its potential target, miR-145, was downregulated. In A549 NSCLC cells and primary human NSCLC cells, shRNA-induced silencing of circBIRC6 potently inhibited their growth, proliferation, migration and invasion. Conversely, we found that exogenous overexpression of circBIRC6 promoted these characteristics. Using RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) in A549 cells, we found that Argonaute 2 (Ago2) immunoprecipitated together with both circBIRC6 and miR-145. Additional studies revealed that the miR-145 level increased after circBIRC6 silencing in A549 cells, but decreased after circBIRC6 overexpression. Of note, we found that the circBIRC6 silencing-induced anti-A549 activity could be attenuated by a miR-145 inhibitor. Lastly, we found that circBIRC6 silencing inhibited the growth of NSCLC xenografts in severe combined immunodeficient mice. CONCLUSIONS From our data we conclude that circBIRC6 overexpression promotes NSCLC cell progression, possibly by sponging miR-145.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Yang
- Department of Chemoradiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mengjing Zhao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, South Bai-xiang street, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lihao Zhao
- Department of Chemoradiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China.
| | - Yuxia Duan
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, South Bai-xiang street, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Chemoradiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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13
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Zhang Y, Roth JA, Yu H, Ye Y, Xie K, Zhao H, Chang DW, Huang M, Li H, Qu J, Wu X. A 5-microRNA signature identified from serum microRNA profiling predicts survival in patients with advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer. Carcinogenesis 2020; 40:643-650. [PMID: 30428030 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are potential biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, screening and prognosis. This study aimed to identify serum miRNAs as predictors of survival in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We profiled serum miRNAs in a pilot set of four patients with good survival (>24 months) and four patients with poor survival (<6 months). We selected 140 stably detectable miRNAs and 42 miRNAs reported in literature for further analysis. Expression of these 182 miRNAs was measured using high-throughput polymerase chain reaction assay, and their association with 3-year survival in the discovery (n = 345) and validation (n = 177) cohorts was assessed. Five serum miRNAs (miR-191, miR-28-3p, miR-145, miR-328 and miR-18a) were significantly associated with 3-year overall survival in both cohorts. A combined 5-miRNA risk score was created to assess the cumulative impact of these miRNAs on risk of death. Quartile analysis of the risk score showed significant association with 3-year death risk, with a 4.6-, 6.8- and 9.3-month reduction in median survival time for the second, third and fourth quartiles, respectively. Survival tree analysis also identified distinct risk groups with different 3-year survival durations. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas revealed all five miRNAs were differentially expressed (P < 0.0001) in paired tumor and normal tissues. Pathway analysis indicated that target genes of these five miRNAs were mainly enriched in inflammatory/immune response pathways and pathways implicated in resistance to chemoradiotherapy and/or targeted therapy. Our results suggested that the 5-miRNA signature could serve as a prognostic predictor in patients with advanced NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jack A Roth
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yuanqing Ye
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kunlin Xie
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hua Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David W Chang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Maosheng Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hecheng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieming Qu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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14
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Dong L, Zheng J, Gao Y, Zhou X, Song W, Huang J. The circular RNA NT5E promotes non-small cell lung cancer cell growth via sponging microRNA-134. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:3936-3949. [PMID: 32096481 PMCID: PMC7066882 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The current study tested expression and potential function of circular RNA ecto-5’-nucleotidase (circNT5E) in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We show that circNT5E levels are significantly elevated in human NSCLC tissues and cells, correlating with downregulation of its potential targets, miR-134, miR-422a and miR-338. In A549 and primary NSCLC cells, circNT5E shRNA inhibited cancer cell growth, proliferation and migration, whiling inducing apoptosis activation. Conversely, ectopic circNT5E overexpression promoted A549 cell progression in vitro. miR-134 is the primary target of circNT5E in lung cancer cells. RNA-Pull down assay in A549 cells confirmed the direct association between biotinylated-miR-134 and circNT6E. miR-134 levels were significantly increased in circNT5E-silenced A549 cells, but reduced with circNT5E overexpression. Forced overexpression of miR-134 mimicked circNT5E shRNA-induced actions, inhibiting NSCLC cell growth and proliferation. In contrast, miR-134 inhibition largely attenuated circNT5E shRNA-induced anti-NSCLC cell activity. Importantly, circNT5E shRNA was ineffective in miR-134-overexpressed A549 cells. Collectively, circNT5E promotes human NSCLC cell progression possibly by sponging miR-134.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Dong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Wujiang Hospital of Nantong University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiangnan Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Wujiang Hospital of Nantong University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yun Gao
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Wujiang Hospital of Nantong University, Suzhou, China
| | - Weizhen Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Wujiang Hospital of Nantong University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianan Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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15
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Circular RNA PRKCI promotes glioma cell progression by inhibiting microRNA-545. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:616. [PMID: 31409777 PMCID: PMC6692337 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1863-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We here tested expression and potential functions of circular RNA PRKCI (circPRKCI) in human glioma. Our results show that circPRKCI is upregulated in human glioma tissues and glioma cells, correlating with downregulation of its potential target, microRNA-545 (miR-545). In A172 and primary human glioma cells, shRNA-mediated silencing of circPRKCI inhibited cancer cell growth, survival, proliferation, and migration. Conversely, ectopic circPRKCI overexpression promoted A172 cell progression. miR-545 is the primary target of circPRKCI in glioma cells. Forced overexpression of miR-545 mimicked circPRKCI shRNA-induced actions, inhibiting glioma cell survival and proliferation. In contrast, miR-545 inhibition, by a lentiviral antagomiR-545 construct, reversed circPRKCI shRNA-induced anti-A172 cell activity. Importantly, neither circPRKCI shRNA nor circPRKCI overexpression was effective in miR-545-knockout (Cas9 method) A172 cells. Importantly, the subcutaneous and orthotopic A172 xenograft growth was significantly inhibited by circPRKCI silencing. Collectively, circPRKCI promotes human glioma cell progression possibly by inhibiting miR-545. Targeting circPRKCI-miR-545 cascade could efficiently inhibit human glioma cells.
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16
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Nouri Rouzbahani F, Shirkhoda M, Memari F, Dana H, Mahmoodi Chalbatani G, Mahmoodzadeh H, Samarghandi N, Gharagozlou E, Mohammadi Hadloo MH, Maleki AR, Sadeghian E, Nia E, Nia N, Hadjilooei F, Rezaeian O, Meghdadi S, Miri S, Jafari F, Rayzan E, Marmari V. Immunotherapy a New Hope for Cancer Treatment: A Review. Pak J Biol Sci 2019; 21:135-150. [PMID: 30187723 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2018.135.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a major burden of disease worldwide with considerable impact on society. The tide of immunotherapy has finally changed after decades of disappointing results and has become a clinically validated treatment for many cancers. Immunotherapy takes many forms in cancer treatment, including the adoptive transfer of ex vivo activated T cells, oncolytic viruses, natural killer cells, cancer vaccines and administration of antibodies or recombinant proteins that either costimulate cells or block the so-called immune checkpoint pathways. Recently, cancer immunotherapy has received a high degree of attention, which mainly contains the treatments for programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), programmed death 1 (PD-1), chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4). Here, this paper reviewed the current understandings of the main strategies in cancer immunotherapy (adoptive cellular immunotherapy, immune checkpoint blockade, oncolytic viruses and cancer vaccines) and discuss the progress in the synergistic design of immune-targeting combination therapies.
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17
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Yuan C, Xiang L, Bai R, Cao K, Gao Y, Jiang X, Zhang N, Gong Y, Xie C. MiR-195 restrains lung adenocarcinoma by regulating CD4+ T cell activation via the CCDC88C/Wnt signaling pathway: a study based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and bioinformatic analysis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:263. [PMID: 31355230 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.05.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background To systematically identity microRNA signatures, as well as miRNA-gene axes, for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and to explore the potential biomarkers and mechanisms associated with the LUAD immune responses. Methods LUAD-related data were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and these data were then used to identify the differentially expressed miRNAs that were downregulated in tumor tissues. Summary receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, survival analysis and meta-analysis were applied to evaluate the clinical significance and diagnostic value of the identified miRNAs. The presumed targets of the integrated-signature miRNAs were identified via 3 different target prediction algorithms: TargetScan, miRDB and DIANA-TarBase. Immunologic signature gene sets were enriched by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were profiled by the Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource (TIMER). After pathway enrichment analysis using the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes databases, pathway-gene networks were constructed using Cytoscape software. Results After integrated analysis of 4 GEO data sets (GSE48414, GSE51853, GSE63805 and GSE74190) and TCGA databases, miR-195 was identified as a potential clinical diagnostic marker. A total of 287 miR-195 target genes were screened, and 3 functional gene sets (GSE13485, GSE21379 and GSE29164) were enriched. GSE21379 was associated with the upregulation of CD4+ T cells in tumors, and the core genes were validated via the TIMER database. The CCDC88C expression level was significantly correlated with CD4+ T cell activation (partial.cor =0.437, P<0.001). Enrichment analysis revealed that CCDC88C was significantly enriched in the Wnt signaling pathway. Conclusions MiR-195, as a suppressor of lung adenocarcinoma, regulates CD4+ T cell activation via CCDC88C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yuan
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Liyang Xiang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Rui Bai
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Kuo Cao
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yanping Gao
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xueping Jiang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Nannan Zhang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Human Genetics Resource Preservation Center of Hubei Province, Human Genetics Resource Preservation Center of Wuhan University, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Conghua Xie
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumour Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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18
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Corradetti MN, Torok JA, Hatch AJ, Xanthopoulos EP, Lafata K, Jacobs C, Rushing C, Calaway J, Jones G, Kelsey CR, Nixon AB. Dynamic Changes in Circulating Tumor DNA During Chemoradiation for Locally Advanced Lung Cancer. Adv Radiat Oncol 2019; 4:748-752. [PMID: 31673668 PMCID: PMC6817521 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CRT) is the principal treatment modality for locally advanced lung cancer. Cell death due to CRT leads to the release of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) into the bloodstream, but the kinetics and characteristics of this process are poorly understood. We hypothesized that there could be clinically meaningful changes in cfDNA and ctDNA during a course of CRT for lung cancer. Methods and materials Multiple samples of plasma were obtained from 24 patients treated with CRT for locally advanced lung cancer to a mean dose of 66 Gy (range, 58-74 Gy) at the following intervals: before CRT, at weeks 2 and 5 during CRT, and 6 weeks after treatment. cfDNA was quantified, and a novel next generation sequencing (NGS) technique using enhanced tagged/targeted-amplicon sequencing was performed to analyze ctDNA. Results Patients for whom specific mutations in ctDNA were undetectable at the baseline time point had improved survival, and potentially etiologic driver mutations could be tracked throughout the course of CRT via NGS in multiple patients. We quantified the levels of cfDNA from patients before CRT, at week 2, week 5, and at 6 weeks after treatment. No differences were observed at weeks 2 and 5 of therapy, but we noted a significant increase in cfDNA in the posttreatment follow-up samples compared with samples collected before CRT (P = .05). Conclusions Dynamic changes in both cfDNA and ctDNA were observed throughout the course of CRT in patients with locally advanced lung cancer. Specific mutations with therapeutic implications can be identified and tracked using NGS methodologies. Further work is required to characterize the changes in cfDNA and ctDNA over time in patients treated with CRT and to assess the predictive and prognostic potential of this powerful technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael N Corradetti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jordan A Torok
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ace J Hatch
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Eric P Xanthopoulos
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Kyle Lafata
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Corbin Jacobs
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Christel Rushing
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - John Calaway
- Inivata, Inc, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Greg Jones
- Inivata, Inc, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Chris R Kelsey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Andrew B Nixon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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19
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Lee J, Li B, Cui Y, Sun X, Wu J, Zhu H, Yu J, Gensheimer MF, Loo BW, Diehn M, Li R. A Quantitative CT Imaging Signature Predicts Survival and Complements Established Prognosticators in Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018; 102:1098-1106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Yu H, Chen Y, Jiang P. Circular RNA HIPK3 exerts oncogenic properties through suppression of miR-124 in lung cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 506:455-462. [PMID: 30352682 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.10.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The current study tested the expression and potential functions of circular RNA HIPK3 (circHIPK3) in human lung cancer. Our results show that circHIPK3 expression is upregulated in established (A549 line) and primary human lung cancer cells, when compared to its low level in the lung epithelial cells. siRNA-mediated silencing of circHIPK3 potently inhibited survival and proliferation of lung cancer cells, but inducing significant apoptosis activation. Contrarily, forced overexpression of circHIPK3 by a lentiviral construct promoted lung cancer cell survival and proliferation. CircHIPK3 acted as a microRNA-124 (miR-124) sponger and regulated the expression of miR-124 mRNA targets, including SphK1, CDK4 and STAT3, in lung cancer cells. Transfection of miR-124 inhibitor significantly inhibited circHIPK3 siRNA-induced lung cancer cell death and apoptosis. At last, we show that circHIPK3 levels are upregulated in human lung cancer tissues, correlated with miR-124 downregulation. The miR-124 targets (SphK1, STAT3 and CDK4) are upregulated in lung cancer tissues. Together, we propose that circHIPK3 promotes lung cancer cell progression possibly by sponging miR-124. These observations indicate a possible novel therapeutic strategy involving circHIPK3-miR-124 pathway against lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqing Yu
- Emergency Department, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Emergency Department, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Emergency Department, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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21
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Long non-coding RNA EPIC1 promotes human lung cancer cell growth. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:1342-1348. [PMID: 30029875 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) EPIC1 (Lnc-EPIC1) is a MYC-interacting LncRNA. In the present study, the expression and potential function of Lnc-EPIC1 in human lung cancer cells are tested. We show that Lnc-EPIC1 expression is significantly higher in established/primary human lung cancer cells than that in human lung epithelial cells. Lnc-EPIC1 is also elevated in human lung cancer tissues. Silencing of Lnc-EPIC1 by targeted siRNA significantly inhibited human lung cancer cell growth, survival and proliferation, whiling inducing G1-S cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis. MYC targets, including Cyclin A1, CDC20 and CDC45, were downregulated by Lnc-EPIC1 siRNA. MYC knockout by CRISPR/Cas-9 gene-editing method mimicked actions by Lnc-EPIC1 siRNA in A549 cells. Conversely, forced overexpression of Lnc-EPIC1 by a lentiviral construct increased expression of MYC targets to promote A549 cell growth. Lnc-EPIC1 directly associated with MYC protein in the nuclei of A549 cells. Significantly MYC knockout abolished Lnc-EPIC1 silencing- or overexpression-induced actions in human lung cancer cells. Together, our results show that Lnc-EPIC1 promotes human lung cancer cell growth possibly by targeting MYC.
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22
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Low LA, Tagle DA. ‘You-on-a-chip’ for precision medicine. EXPERT REVIEW OF PRECISION MEDICINE AND DRUG DEVELOPMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/23808993.2018.1456333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucie A. Low
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Danilo A. Tagle
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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23
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Crona J, Taïeb D, Pacak K. New Perspectives on Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma: Toward a Molecular Classification. Endocr Rev 2017; 38:489-515. [PMID: 28938417 PMCID: PMC5716829 DOI: 10.1210/er.2017-00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A molecular biology-based taxonomy has been proposed for pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL). Data from the Cancer Genome Atlas revealed clinically relevant prognostic and predictive biomarkers and stratified PPGLs into three main clusters. Each subgroup has a distinct molecular-biochemical-imaging signature. Concurrently, new methods for biochemical analysis, functional imaging, and medical therapies have also become available. The research community now strives to match the cluster biomarkers with the best intervention. The concept of precision medicine has been long awaited and holds great promise for improved care. Here, we review the current and future PPGL classifications, with a focus on hereditary syndromes. We discuss the current strengths and shortcomings of precision medicine and suggest a condensed manual for diagnosis and treatment of both adult and pediatric patients with PPGL. Finally, we consider the future direction of this field, with a particular focus on how advanced molecular characterization of PPGL can improve a patient's outcome, including cures and, ultimately, disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joakim Crona
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health.,Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - David Taïeb
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, La Timone University Hospital, European Center for Research in Medical Imaging, Aix Marseille Université, France
| | - Karel Pacak
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health
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24
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Caballero D, Kaushik S, Correlo V, Oliveira J, Reis R, Kundu S. Organ-on-chip models of cancer metastasis for future personalized medicine: From chip to the patient. Biomaterials 2017; 149:98-115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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25
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Burgener JM, Rostami A, De Carvalho DD, Bratman SV. Cell-free DNA as a post-treatment surveillance strategy: current status. Semin Oncol 2017; 44:330-346. [DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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26
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Abstract
In two companion reports, the TRACERx consortium investigates tumor heterogeneity and evolution in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. The studies highlight the prognostic value of copy-number heterogeneity assessment in tumor biopsies and circulating tumor DNA detection in plasma and suggest that tracking the evolution of lung cancers might aid clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peggy P Hsu
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Alice T Shaw
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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27
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Lee J, Cui Y, Sun X, Li B, Wu J, Li D, Gensheimer MF, Loo BW, Diehn M, Li R. Prognostic value and molecular correlates of a CT image-based quantitative pleural contact index in early stage NSCLC. Eur Radiol 2017; 28:736-746. [PMID: 28786009 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-017-4996-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the prognostic value and molecular basis of a CT-derived pleural contact index (PCI) in early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We retrospectively analysed seven NSCLC cohorts. A quantitative PCI was defined on CT as the length of tumour-pleura interface normalised by tumour diameter. We evaluated the prognostic value of PCI in a discovery cohort (n = 117) and tested in an external cohort (n = 88) of stage I NSCLC. Additionally, we identified the molecular correlates and built a gene expression-based surrogate of PCI using another cohort of 89 patients. To further evaluate the prognostic relevance, we used four datasets totalling 775 stage I patients with publically available gene expression data and linked survival information. RESULTS At a cutoff of 0.8, PCI stratified patients for overall survival in both imaging cohorts (log-rank p = 0.0076, 0.0304). Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling was enriched among genes associated with PCI (p = 0.0003). The genomic surrogate of PCI remained an independent predictor of overall survival in the gene expression cohorts (hazard ratio: 1.46, p = 0.0007) adjusting for age, gender, and tumour stage. CONCLUSIONS CT-derived pleural contact index is associated with ECM remodelling and may serve as a noninvasive prognostic marker in early stage NSCLC. KEY POINTS • A quantitative pleural contact index (PCI) predicts survival in early stage NSCLC. • PCI is associated with extracellular matrix organisation and collagen catabolic process. • A multi-gene surrogate of PCI is an independent predictor of survival. • PCI can be used to noninvasively identify patients with poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juheon Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Yi Cui
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- Radiotherapy Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bailiang Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jia Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Dengwang Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan Shi, China
| | - Michael F Gensheimer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Billy W Loo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Maximilian Diehn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Ruijiang Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. .,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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28
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Tan WL, Jain A, Takano A, Newell EW, Iyer NG, Lim WT, Tan EH, Zhai W, Hillmer AM, Tam WL, Tan DSW. Novel therapeutic targets on the horizon for lung cancer. Lancet Oncol 2017; 17:e347-e362. [PMID: 27511159 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(16)30123-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, and is classically divided into two major histological subtypes: non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Although NSCLC and SCLC are considered distinct entities with different genomic landscapes, emerging evidence highlights a convergence in therapeutically relevant targets for both histologies. In adenocarcinomas with defined alterations such as EGFR mutations and ALK translocations, targeted therapies are now first-line standard of care. By contrast, many experimental and targeted agents remain largely unsuccessful for SCLC. Intense preclinical research and clinical trials are underway to exploit unique traits of lung cancer, such as oncogene dependency, DNA damage response, angiogenesis, and cellular plasticity arising from presence of cancer stem cell lineages. In addition, the promising clinical activity observed in NSCLC in response to immune checkpoint blockade has spurred great interest in the field of immunooncology, with the scope to develop a diverse repertoire of synergistic and personalised immunotherapeutics. In this Review, we discuss novel therapeutic agents for lung cancer that are in early-stage development, and how prospective clinical trials and drug development may be shaped by a deeper understanding of this heterogeneous disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ling Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore; Cancer Therapeutics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amit Jain
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Angela Takano
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - N Gopalakrishna Iyer
- Cancer Therapeutics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wan-Teck Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore; Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore
| | - Eng-Huat Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Weiwei Zhai
- Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore
| | | | - Wai-Leong Tam
- Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daniel S W Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore; Cancer Therapeutics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore; Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore.
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Gee MS, Ghazani AA, Haq R, Wargo JA, Sebas M, Sullivan RJ, Lee H, Weissleder R. Point of care assessment of melanoma tumor signaling and metastatic burden from μNMR analysis of tumor fine needle aspirates and peripheral blood. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2016; 13:821-828. [PMID: 27993725 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates μNMR technology for molecular profiling of tumor fine needle aspirates and peripheral blood of melanoma patients. In vitro assessment of melanocyte (MART-1, HMB45) and MAP kinase signaling (pERK, pS6K) molecule expression was performed in human cell lines, while clinical validation was performed in an IRB-approved study of melanoma patients undergoing biopsy and blood sampling. Tumor FNA and blood specimens were compared with BRAF genetic analysis and cross-sectional imaging. μNMR in vitro analysis showed increased expression of melanocyte markers in melanoma cells as well as increased expression of phosphorylated MAP kinase targets in BRAF-mutant melanoma cells. Melanoma patient FNA samples showed increased pERK and pS6K levels in BRAF mutant compared with BRAF WT melanomas, with μNMR blood circulating tumor cell level increased with higher metastatic burden visible on imaging. These results indicate that μNMR technology provides minimally invasive point-of-care evaluation of tumor signaling and metastatic burden in melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Gee
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114.,Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Arezou A Ghazani
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Rizwan Haq
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Jennifer A Wargo
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Matthew Sebas
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Ryan J Sullivan
- Center for Melanoma, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Hakho Lee
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114.,Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
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30
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Byrd DW, Doot RK, Allberg KC, MacDonald LR, McDougald WA, Elston BF, Linden HM, Kinahan PE. Evaluation of Cross-Calibrated 68Ge/ 68Ga Phantoms for Assessing PET/CT Measurement Bias in Oncology Imaging for Single- and Multicenter Trials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 2:353-360. [PMID: 28066807 PMCID: PMC5214172 DOI: 10.18383/j.tom.2016.00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative PET imaging is an important tool for clinical trials evaluating the response of cancers to investigational therapies. The standardized uptake value, used as a quantitative imaging biomarker, is dependent on multiple parameters that may contribute bias and variability. The use of long-lived, sealed PET calibration phantoms offers the advantages of known radioactivity activity concentration and simpler use than aqueous phantoms. We evaluated scanner and dose calibrator sources from two batches of commercially available kits, together at a single site and distributed across a local multicenter PET imaging network. We found that radioactivity concentration was uniform within the phantoms. Within the regions of interest drawn in the phantom images, coefficients of variation of voxel values were less than 2%. Across phantoms, coefficients of variation for mean signal were close to 1%. Biases of the standardized uptake value estimated with the kits varied by site and were seen to change in time by approximately ±5%. We conclude that these biases cannot be assumed constant over time. The kits provide a robust method to monitor PET scanner and dose calibrator biases, and resulting biases in standardized uptake values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darrin W Byrd
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Robert K Doot
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Wendy A McDougald
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Brian F Elston
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Hannah M Linden
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Paul E Kinahan
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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31
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Thompson JC, Yee SS, Troxel AB, Savitch SL, Fan R, Balli D, Lieberman DB, Morrissette JD, Evans TL, Bauml J, Aggarwal C, Kosteva JA, Alley E, Ciunci C, Cohen RB, Bagley S, Stonehouse-Lee S, Sherry VE, Gilbert E, Langer C, Vachani A, Carpenter EL. Detection of Therapeutically Targetable Driver and Resistance Mutations in Lung Cancer Patients by Next-Generation Sequencing of Cell-Free Circulating Tumor DNA. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:5772-5782. [PMID: 27601595 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-1231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The expanding number of targeted therapeutics for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) necessitates real-time tumor genotyping, yet tissue biopsies are difficult to perform serially and often yield inadequate DNA for next-generation sequencing (NGS). We evaluated the feasibility of using cell-free circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) NGS as a complement or alternative to tissue NGS. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A total of 112 plasma samples obtained from a consecutive study of 102 prospectively enrolled patients with advanced NSCLC were subjected to ultra-deep sequencing of up to 70 genes and matched with tissue samples, when possible. RESULTS We detected 275 alterations in 45 genes, and at least one alteration in the ctDNA for 86 of 102 patients (84%), with EGFR variants being most common. ctDNA NGS detected 50 driver and 12 resistance mutations, and mutations in 22 additional genes for which experimental therapies, including clinical trials, are available. Although ctDNA NGS was completed for 102 consecutive patients, tissue sequencing was only successful for 50 patients (49%). Actionable EGFR mutations were detected in 24 tissue and 19 ctDNA samples, yielding concordance of 79%, with a shorter time interval between tissue and blood collection associated with increased concordance (P = 0.038). ctDNA sequencing identified eight patients harboring a resistance mutation who developed progressive disease while on targeted therapy, and for whom tissue sequencing was not possible. CONCLUSIONS Therapeutically targetable driver and resistance mutations can be detected by ctDNA NGS, even when tissue is unavailable, thus allowing more accurate diagnosis, improved patient management, and serial sampling to monitor disease progression and clonal evolution. Clin Cancer Res; 22(23); 5772-82. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey C Thompson
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Group, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephanie S Yee
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrea B Troxel
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Samantha L Savitch
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ryan Fan
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David Balli
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David B Lieberman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jennifer D Morrissette
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Tracey L Evans
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joshua Bauml
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Charu Aggarwal
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - John A Kosteva
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Evan Alley
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Christine Ciunci
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Roger B Cohen
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen Bagley
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Susan Stonehouse-Lee
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Victoria E Sherry
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Elizabeth Gilbert
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Corey Langer
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Anil Vachani
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Group, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Erica L Carpenter
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. .,Abramson Family Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Biologic Evaluation of Diabetes and Local Recurrence in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2016; 23:73-77. [PMID: 27411924 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-016-0086-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A recent multicenter study led by our institution demonstrated that local recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was significantly more frequent in patients with diabetes, raising the possibility of different tumor biology in diabetics. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a key role in local tumor recurrence and metastasis. In the present study, we investigated differences of tumor microenvironment between patients with and without diabetes by examining expression of EMT markers. Seventy-nine NSCLC patients were selected from the cohort of our early multicenter study. These patients were classified into 4 groups: 39 with adenocarcinoma with (n = 19) and without (n = 20) diabetes, and 40 with squamous cell carcinoma with (n = 20) and without (n = 20) diabetes. Immunohistochemical expression of eight EMT markers was analyzed, including transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R), vimentin, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, HtrA1, and beta-catenin. Five markers (E-cadherin, HtrA1, TGF-β, IGF-1R and vimentin) demonstrated significantly higher expression in diabetics than in non-diabetics in both histology types. N-cadherin had higher expression in diabetics, though the difference did not reach statistical significance. EGFR showed a higher expression in diabetics in squamous cell carcinoma only. Beta-catenin was the only marker with no difference in expression between diabetics versus non-diabetics. Our findings suggest that diabetes is associated with enhanced EMT in NSCLC, which may contribute to growth and invasiveness of NSCLC.
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Inhibition of ceramide glucosylation sensitizes lung cancer cells to ABC294640, a first-in-class small molecule SphK2 inhibitor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 476:230-236. [PMID: 27221045 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.05.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2) is proposed as a novel oncotarget for lung cancer. Here, we studied the anti-lung cancer cell activity by ABC294640, a first-in-class SphK2 inhibitor. We showed that ABC294640 suppressed growth of primary and A549 human lung cancer cells, but sparing SphK2-low lung epithelial cells. Inhibition of SphK2 by ABC294640 increased ceramide accumulation, but decreased pro-survival sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) content, leading to lung cancer cell apoptosis activation. Significantly, we show that glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) might be a major resistance factor of ABC294640. The GCS inhibitor 1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol (PDMP) or GCS shRNA/siRNA knockdown facilitated ABC294640-induced ceramide production and lung cancer cell apoptosis. Reversely, forced overexpression of GCS reduced ABC294640's sensitivity, resulting in decreased ceramide accumulation and apoptosis induction in A549 cells. These findings provide further evidences to support that targeting SphK2 by ABC294640 may be a rational treatment option for lung cancer. Ceramide glucosylation inhibition may further sensitize lung cancer cells to ABC294640.
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SARI , a novel target gene of glucocorticoid receptor, plays an important role in dexamethasone-mediated killing of B lymphoma cells. Cancer Lett 2016; 373:57-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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35
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Twitty CG, Diago OR, Hogan DJ, Burrascano C, Ibanez CE, Jolly DJ, Ostertag D. Retroviral Replicating Vectors Deliver Cytosine Deaminase Leading to Targeted 5-Fluorouracil-Mediated Cytotoxicity in Multiple Human Cancer Types. Hum Gene Ther Methods 2015; 27:17-31. [PMID: 26467507 DOI: 10.1089/hgtb.2015.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Toca 511 is a modified retroviral replicating vector based on Moloney γ-retrovirus with an amphotropic envelope. As an investigational cancer treatment, Toca 511 preferentially infects cancer cells without direct cell lysis and encodes an enhanced yeast cytosine deaminase that converts the antifungal drug 5-fluorocytosine to the anticancer drug, 5-fluorouracil. A panel of established human cancer cell lines, derived from glioblastoma, colon, and breast cancer tissue, was used to evaluate parameters critical for effective anticancer activity. Gene transfer, cytosine deaminase production, conversion of 5-fluorocytosine to 5-fluorouracil, and subsequent cell killing occurred in all lines tested. We observed >50% infection within 25 days in all lines and 5-fluorocytosine LD50 values between 0.02 and 6 μg/ml. Although we did not identify a small number of key criteria, these studies do provide a straightforward approach to rapidly gauge the probability of a Toca 511 and 5-fluorocytosine treatment effect in various cancer indications: a single MTS assay of maximally infected cancer cell lines to determine 5-fluorocytosine LD50. The data suggest that, although there can be variation in susceptibility to Toca 511 and 5-fluorocytosine because of multiple mechanistic factors, this therapy may be applicable to a broad range of cancer types and individuals.
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Nakanishi Y, Mizuno H, Sase H, Fujii T, Sakata K, Akiyama N, Aoki Y, Aoki M, Ishii N. ERK Signal Suppression and Sensitivity to CH5183284/Debio 1347, a Selective FGFR Inhibitor. Mol Cancer Ther 2015; 14:2831-9. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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37
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Zhengfu H, Hu Z, Huiwen M, Zhijun L, Jiaojie Z, Xiaoyi Y, Xiujun C. 1-o-acetylbritannilactone (ABL) inhibits angiogenesis and lung cancer cell growth through regulating VEGF-Src-FAK signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 464:422-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.06.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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38
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Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Oligometastatic Disease. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2015; 27:290-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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