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Ding Y, Zhou Y, Zhao J, Wu C, Zhang S, Jiang N, Qian J, Zhang L, Li J, Xu D, Leng X, Wang Q, Tian X, Li M, Zeng X. The additional role of anti-nucleosome antibodies in the prediction of renal damage in systemic lupus erythematosus based on CSTAR (XXV). Lupus 2024:9612033241260231. [PMID: 38853349 DOI: 10.1177/09612033241260231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The predominant determinant of an unfavorable prognosis among Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients resides in the irreversible organ damage. This prospective cohort study aimed to identify the additional value of anti-nucleosome antibodies on organ damage accumulation in SLE patients. METHODS Based on the Chinese SLE Treatment and Research group (CSTAR) registry, demographic characteristics, autoantibodies profiles, and clinical manifestations were collected at baseline. Follow-up data were collected by reviewing clinical records. RESULTS Of 2481 SLE patients with full follow-up data, 663 (26.7%) were anti-nucleosome antibodies positive and 1668 (68.0%) were anti-dsDNA antibodies positive. 764 (30.8%) patients developed new organ damage during a mean follow-up of 4.31 ± 2.60 years. At baseline, patients with positive anti-nucleosome antibodies have a higher rate of lupus nephritis (50.7% vs 36.2%, p < .001). According to the multivariable Cox regression analysis, both anti-nucleosome (HR = 1.30, 95% CI, 1.09-1.54, p < .001) and anti-dsDNA antibodies (HR=1.68, 95% CI, 1.38-2.05, p < .001) were associated with organ damage accumulation. Anti-nucleosome (HR = 2.51, 95% CI, 1.81-3.46, p < .001) and anti-dsDNA antibodies (HR = 1.69, 95% CI, 1.39-2.06, p < .001) were independent predictors for renal damage. Furthermore, the combination of the two antibodies can provide more accurate information about renal damage in overall SLE patients (HR = 3.19, 95% CI, 2.49-4.10, p < .001) and patients with lupus nephritis at baseline (HR = 2.86, 95% CI, 2.29-3.57, p < .001). CONCLUSION Besides anti-dsDNA antibodies, anti-nucleosome antibodies can also provide information about organ damage accrual during follow-up. The ability of co-positivity of anti-nucleosome and anti-dsDNA antibodies in predicting renal damage may lead to additional benefits in the follow-up of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Ding
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yangzhong Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Jiuliang Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Chanyuan Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Shangzhu Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Junyan Qian
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomei Leng
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xinping Tian
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Mengtao Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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Chasov V, Zmievskaya E, Ganeeva I, Gilyazova E, Davletshin D, Filimonova M, Valiullina A, Kudriaeva A, Bulatov E. Systemic lupus erythematosus therapeutic strategy: From immunotherapy to gut microbiota modulation. J Biomed Res 2024; 38:1-16. [PMID: 38828853 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.38.20240009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by a systemic dysfunction of the innate and adaptive immune systems, leading to an attack on healthy tissues of the body. During the development of SLE, pathogenic features, such as the formation of autoantibodies to self-nuclear antigens, caused tissue damage including necrosis and fibrosis, with an increased expression of type Ⅰ interferon (IFN) regulated genes. Treatment of lupus with immunosuppressants and glucocorticoids, which are used as the standard therapy, is not effective enough and causes side effects. As an alternative, more effective immunotherapies have been developed, including monoclonal and bispecific antibodies that target B cells, T cells, co-stimulatory molecules, cytokines or their receptors, and signaling molecules. Encouraging results have been observed in clinical trials with some of these therapies. Furthermore, a chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T) therapy has emerged as the most effective, safe, and promising treatment option for SLE, as demonstrated by successful pilot studies. Additionally, emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota dysbiosis may play a significant role in the severity of SLE, and the use of methods to normalize the gut microbiota, particularly fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), opens up new opportunities for effective treatment of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly Chasov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Zmievskaya
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Irina Ganeeva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Elvina Gilyazova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Damir Davletshin
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Maria Filimonova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Aygul Valiullina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Anna Kudriaeva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Emil Bulatov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
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Dwivedi SD, Shukla R, Yadav K, Rathor LS, Singh D, Singh MR. Mechanistic insight on the role of iRhom2-TNF-α-BAFF signaling pathway in various autoimmune disorders. Adv Biol Regul 2024; 92:101011. [PMID: 38151421 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2023.101011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
iRhom2 is a crucial cofactor involved in upregulation of TNF receptors (TNFRs) and the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF-) from the cell surface by ADAM17. Tumor necrosis factor- α converting enzyme (TACE) is another name given to ADAM17. Many membrane attached biologically active molecules are cleaved by this enzyme which includes TNFRs and the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor- α. The TNF receptors are of two types TNFR1 and TNFR2. iRhom2 belongs to the pseudo-protease class of rhomboid family, its abundance is observed in the immune cells. Biological activity of ADAM17 is affected in multiple levels by the iRhom2. ADAM17 is trafficked into the Golgi apparatus by the action of iRhom2, where it gets matured proteolytically and is stimulated to perform its function on the cell surface. This process of activation of ADAM17 results in the protection of the organism from the cascade of inflammatory reactions, as this activation blocks the TNF- α mediated secretion responsible for inflammatory responses produced. Present paper illustrates about the iRhom2-TNF-α-BAFF signaling pathway and its correlation with several autoimmune disorders such as Rheumatoid Arthritis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Hemophilia Arthropathy, Alzheimer's disease and Tylosis with esophageal cancer etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shradha Devi Dwivedi
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur (C.G), 492010, India
| | - Rashi Shukla
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur (C.G), 492010, India
| | - Krishna Yadav
- Raipur Institute of Pharmaceutical Educations and Research, Sarona, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492010, India
| | - Lokendra Singh Rathor
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur (C.G), 492010, India
| | - Deependra Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur (C.G), 492010, India
| | - Manju Rawat Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur (C.G), 492010, India.
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Ichinose K. The role of podocytes in lupus nephritis: Insights and implications. Clin Immunol 2024; 262:110180. [PMID: 38462157 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN) is a severe complication of systemic lupus erythematosus, with high mortality rates despite medical advancements. The complexity of its pathogenesis, including the pivotal role of podocytes - kidney-localized cells - remains a challenge, lacking effective treatments and biomarkers. Recent studies highlight the significant contribution of these cells to LN's development, particularly through their immune-related functions and interaction with other kidney cells. This new understanding opens possibilities for targeted therapies aimed at these cellular mechanisms. This review aims to summarize these recent developments, shedding light on the intricate involvement of podocytes in LN and potential avenues for innovative treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunihiro Ichinose
- Department of Rheumatology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; Integrated Kidney Research and Advance, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan.
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Shirahama Y, Hashimoto A, Ono N, Takeyama Y, Maruyama A, Inoue T, Tada Y, Niiro H. Relationships between Type 1 interferon signatures and clinical features of the new-onset lupus patients in Japan. Mod Rheumatol 2024; 34:346-351. [PMID: 36695430 DOI: 10.1093/mr/road015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of the study is to investigate the relationships between Type 1 interferon (T1-IFN) signatures and clinical characteristics of lupus patients. METHODS We examined 49 new-onset lupus patients who were diagnosed between 1999 and 2017. The patients treated with >10 mg of prednisolone or hydroxychloroquine were excluded from this study. Serum T1-IFN signatures were revealed by a functional reporter assay and standardized by recombinant IFN-α. Patient backgrounds, clinical findings, and treatments were retrospectively extracted from their electrical medical records. Clinical data were also available, including SLE Disease Activity Index of SLE patients on admission. RESULTS T1-IFN signatures of lupus patients closely correlated with lupus disease activities, such as SLE Disease Activity Index-2K, white blood cell, C3 levels, and the titre of double-strand DNA antibody. We found fever and acute lupus dermatitis closely associated with T1-IFN signature. CONCLUSIONS In lupus patients, fever and acute lupus dermatitis are good indicators of a strong T1-IFN signature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Shirahama
- Department of Rheumatology, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Japan
| | - Aki Hashimoto
- Department of Dermatology, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Ono
- Department of Rheumatology, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Japan
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology/Infectious Disease, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yukiko Takeyama
- Department of Rheumatology, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Japan
| | - Akihito Maruyama
- Department of Rheumatology, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Japan
| | - Takuya Inoue
- Department of Dermatology, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Tada
- Department of Rheumatology, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Niiro
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology/Infectious Disease, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Medical Education, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Zou H, Ma S, Li L, Xia X, Zhou Y, Zhang R. Downregulation of circular RNA ETS1 promotes SLE activity and inhibits Treg cell differentiation through miR-1205/FoxP3 molecular axis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 128:111539. [PMID: 38244519 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the mechanism by which systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) activity is promoted through Treg inhibition from the perspective of ceRNA. METHODS qRT-PCR was used to detect the expressions of circETS1, miR-1205, and FoxP3 in clinical SLE patient samples. Overexpression of circETS1and miR-1205, along with knockdown of miR-1205 and FoxP3 were conducted in CD4+ T cells, while the proliferation of helper T cell 17 (Th17) and regulatory T cell (Treg) was detected. Arescue assay was performed to verify the molecular mechanism of circETS1/miR-1205/Foxp3 mRNA axis in regulating CD4+ T cell differentiation. In the in vivo experiment, the expression of miR-1205 in SLE mice was intervened, and renal function, inflammatory factors, and serum complement were measured. Additionally, Treg/Th17 cell ratio was detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS In SLE patients, Treg cells were found to decrease, while Th17 cells increased. Transfection with circETS1 overexpression led to CD4+ T cells differentiating into Treg cells, causing an imbalance in the Th17/Treg ratio. Transfection of miR-1205 mimic and si-FoxP3 could reverse the effect of circETS1 overexpression. Moreover, inhibiting the expression of miR-1205 showed therapeutic effects on SLE mice. CONCLUSION circETS1 inhibits Treg via the miR-1205/FoxP3 axis, thereby promoting SLE activity, which may become a new target for SLE treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongju Zou
- Department of Disease Control and Prevention, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650034, China
| | - Sha Ma
- Department of Rheumatology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650034, China
| | - Li Li
- School of Public Health, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671013, China
| | - Xixi Xia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650034, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650034, China.
| | - Ruixian Zhang
- Department of Disease Control and Prevention, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650034, China.
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Schauren JDS, de Oliveira AH, Consiglio CR, Monticielo OA, Xavier RM, Nunes NS, Ellwanger JH, Chies JAB. CCR5 promoter region polymorphisms in systemic lupus erythematosus. Int J Immunogenet 2024; 51:20-31. [PMID: 37984413 DOI: 10.1111/iji.12646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the impacts of CCR5 promoter region polymorphisms on the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by comparing CCR5 genotypes and haplotypes from SLE patients with ethnically matched controls. A total of 382 SLE patients (289 European-derived and 93 African-derived) and 375 controls (243 European-derived and 132 African-derived) were genotyped for the CCR2-64I G > A (rs1799864), CCR5-59353 C > T (rs1799988), CCR5-59356 C > T (rs41469351), CCR5-59402 A > G (rs1800023) and CCR5-59653 C > T (rs1800024) polymorphisms through polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and direct sequencing. Previous data from CCR5Δ32 analysis was included in the study to infer the CCR5 haplotypes and as a possible confounding factor in the binary logistic regression. European-derived patients showed a higher frequency of CCR5 wild-type genotype (conversely, a reduced frequency of Δ32 allele) and a reduced frequency of the HHG*2 haplotype compared to controls; both factors significantly affecting disease risk [p = .003 (OR 3.5, 95%CI 1.6-7.5) and 2.0% vs. 7.2% (residual p = 2.9E - 5), respectively]. Additionally, the HHA/HHB, HHC and HHG*2 haplotype frequencies differed between African-derived patients and controls [10% vs. 20.5% (residual p = .003), 29.4% vs. 17.4% (residual p = .003) and 3.9% vs. 0.8% (residual p = .023), respectively]. Considering the clinical manifestations of the disease, the CCR5Δ32 presence was confirmed as a susceptibility factor to class IV nephritis in the African-derived group and when all patients were grouped for comparison [pcorrected = .012 (OR 3.0; 95%CI 3.0-333.3) and pcorrected = .0006 (OR 6.8; 95%CI 1.9-24.8), respectively]. In conclusion, this study indicates that CCR5 promoter polymorphisms are important disease modifiers in SLE. Present data reinforces the CCR5Δ32 polymorphism as a protective factor for the development of the disease in European-derived patients and as a susceptibility factor for class IV nephritis in African-derived patients. Furthermore, we also described a reduced frequency of HHA/HHB and an increased frequency of HHC and HHG*2 haplotypes in African-derived patients, which could modify the CCR5 protein expression in specific cell subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana da Silveira Schauren
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology (PPGBM), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Amanda Henrique de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology (PPGBM), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Camila Rosat Consiglio
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology (PPGBM), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Odirlei André Monticielo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Machado Xavier
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Natália Schneider Nunes
- Postgraduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joel Henrique Ellwanger
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology (PPGBM), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - José Artur Bogo Chies
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology (PPGBM), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Rekvig OP. The greatest contribution to medical science is the transformation from studying symptoms to studying their causes-the unrelenting legacy of Robert Koch and Louis Pasteur-and a causality perspective to approach a definition of SLE. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1346619. [PMID: 38361929 PMCID: PMC10867267 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1346619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The basic initiative related to this study is derived from the fact that systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a unique and fertile system science subject. We are, however, still far from understanding its nature. It may be fair to indicate that we are spending more time and resources on studying the complexity of classified SLE than studying the validity of classification criteria. This study represents a theoretical analysis of current instinctual SLE classification criteria based on "the causality principle." The discussion has its basis on the radical scientific traditions introduced by Robert Koch and Louis Pasteur. They announced significant changes in our thinking of disease etiology through the implementation of the modern version of "the causality principle." They influenced all aspects of today's medical concepts and research: the transformation of medical science from studies of symptoms to study their causes, relevant for monosymptomatic diseases as for syndromes. Their studies focused on bacteria as causes of infectious diseases and on how the immune system adapts to control and prevent contagious spreading. This is the most significant paradigm shift in the modern history of medicine and resulted in radical changes in our view of the immune system. They described acquired post-infection immunity and active immunization by antigen-specific vaccines. The paradigm "transformation" has a great theoretical impact also on current studies of autoimmune diseases like SLE: symptoms and their cause(s). In this study, the evolution of SLE classification and diagnostic criteria is discussed from "the causality principle" perspective, and if contemporary SLE classification criteria are as useful as believed today for SLE research. This skepticism is based on the fact that classification criteria are not selected based on cogent causal strategies. The SLE classification criteria do not harmonize with Koch's and Pasteur's causality principle paradigms and not with Witebsky's Koch-derived postulates for autoimmune and infectious diseases. It is not established whether the classification criteria can separate SLE as a "one disease entity" from "SLE-like non-SLE disorders"-the latter in terms of SLE imitations. This is discussed here in terms of weight, rank, and impact of the classification criteria: Do they all originate from "one basic causal etiology"? Probably not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Petter Rekvig
- Section for Autoimmunity, Fürst Medical Laboratory, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Chasov V, Zmievskaya E, Ganeeva I, Gilyazova E, Davletshin D, Khaliulin M, Kabwe E, Davidyuk YN, Valiullina A, Rizvanov A, Bulatov E. Immunotherapy Strategy for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases: Betting on CAR-T Cells and Antibodies. Antibodies (Basel) 2024; 13:10. [PMID: 38390871 PMCID: PMC10885098 DOI: 10.3390/antib13010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic autoimmune diseases (SAIDs), such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), are fully related to the unregulated innate and adaptive immune systems involved in their pathogenesis. They have similar pathogenic characteristics, including the interferon signature, loss of tolerance to self-nuclear antigens, and enhanced tissue damage like necrosis and fibrosis. Glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants, which have limited specificity and are prone to tolerance, are used as the first-line therapy. A plethora of novel immunotherapies have been developed, including monoclonal and bispecific antibodies, and other biological agents to target cellular and soluble factors involved in disease pathogenesis, such as B cells, co-stimulatory molecules, cytokines or their receptors, and signaling molecules. Many of these have shown encouraging results in clinical trials. CAR-T cell therapy is considered the most promising technique for curing autoimmune diseases, with recent successes in the treatment of SLE and SSc. Here, we overview novel therapeutic approaches based on CAR-T cells and antibodies for targeting systemic autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly Chasov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Zmievskaya
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Irina Ganeeva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Elvina Gilyazova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Damir Davletshin
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Marat Khaliulin
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Emmanuel Kabwe
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Yuriy N Davidyuk
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Aygul Valiullina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Albert Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
- Division of Medical and Biological Sciences, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Emil Bulatov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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10
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Han Q, Liang P, Li J, Liu B, Zhang R, Xie X, Liang Y, Yang Q. The ratio of neutrophil to lymphocyte as a potential marker of clinicopathological activity for lupus nephritis. Int Urol Nephrol 2024; 56:675-682. [PMID: 37466906 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-023-03704-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The ratio of neutrophil to lymphocyte (NLR) is a novel inflammatory factor that is elevated in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the relationship between NLR and renal pathological manifestations in patients with lupus nephritis (LN) has not been investigated. METHODS A retrospective study included 240 SLE patients, in which 186 patients with renal involvement and 124 LN patients underwent renal biopsy, 125 healthy volunteers and 125 chronic kidney disease (CKD) controls. Patients with SLE disease activity 2000 (SLEDAI-2 K) > 9 and ≤ 9 were defined as severely active and mildly active, respectively. Clinical parameters and renal pathological data were collected from medical records. The correlations between NLR and clinicopathological features were analyzed. RESULTS The NLR of SLE group was significantly higher than that of the sex-age matched control groups. Patients with nephritis had higher NLR levels than those without nephritis (P = 0.044). Increased NLR was observed in severely active group compared to mildly active group (P = 0.020). NLR was significantly positively related with SLEDAI score, Renal SLEDAI score, C-reactive protein (CRP), 24-h urine protein, renal activity index (AI), cellular crescents and tubular atrophy, and negatively correlated with serum albumin. NLR was significantly decreased after treatment. Based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the best NLR cut-off value to predict severe activity of SLE and cellular crescents in renal pathology was 2.19 and 3.16, respectively. CONCLUSION NLR may be a non-invasive and potential inflammatory marker in evaluating clinical and renal pathological activity in LN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Han
- Department of Nephrology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Peifen Liang
- Department of Nephrology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Department of Nephrology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xuefeng Xie
- Department of Nephrology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yingyan Liang
- Department of Nephrology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Qiongqiong Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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11
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Alduraibi FK, Tsokos GC. Lupus Nephritis Biomarkers: A Critical Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:805. [PMID: 38255879 PMCID: PMC10815779 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN), a major complication in individuals diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus, substantially increases morbidity and mortality. Despite marked improvements in the survival of patients with severe LN over the past 50 years, complete clinical remission after immunosuppressive therapy is achieved in only half of the patients. Therefore, timely detection of LN is vital for initiating prompt therapeutic interventions and improving patient outcomes. Biomarkers have emerged as valuable tools for LN detection and monitoring; however, the complex role of these biomarkers in LN pathogenesis remains unclear. Renal biopsy remains the gold standard for the identification of the histological phenotypes of LN and guides disease management. However, the molecular pathophysiology of specific renal lesions remains poorly understood. In this review, we provide a critical, up-to-date overview of the latest developments in the field of LN biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima K. Alduraibi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Teaching Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - George C. Tsokos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Teaching Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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12
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Liu A, Li Z, Zeng J, Peng Y, Wang S, Bi X, Zhao Z, Zhou S, Zhao AZ, Mu Y, Li F. ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid alleviates systemic lupus erythematosus by suppressing autoimmunity in a murine model. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111299. [PMID: 38043268 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous autoimmune inflammatory disease that damages multiple organs by the production of autoantibodies. Numerous research studies have demonstrated the anti-inflammatory effects of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). A diet rich in ω-3 PUFAs reduces chronic inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. Herein, we investigated the protective effect of ω-3 PUFAs against autoimmune injury in SLE. In a TMPD-induced mouse model of SLE, supplementation with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)-rich (97%) fish oil was found to alleviate systemic autoimmune phenotypes such as ascites, lipogranulomas and serum dsDNA levels. In addition, EPA also significantly improved renal manifestations, reducing proteinuria, glomerulonephritis, and immune complex deposition. Mechanistically, ω-3 PUFAs were shown to modulate the differentiation of B lymphocyte subsets of primary splenic lymphocytes in the spontaneous murine lupus model MRL/MpJ-Faslpr in vitro, specifically that both EPA and DHA suppressed the number of total B cells, B1B2 cells and plasma cells. Concurrently, they were also found to promote the secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10, mainly produced by Breg and Treg cells. Thus, nutritional supplementation with ω-3 PUFAs can regulate B cell's differentiation and anti-inflammatory function and strongly prevent autoimmune responses and lupus nephritis. The diets balance between ω-6 and ω-3 PUFAs intake may represent a promising treatment strategy to prevent or delay the onset of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aolu Liu
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhuang Li
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jingwen Zeng
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuerong Peng
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xinyun Bi
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhenggang Zhao
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Sujin Zhou
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Allan Zijian Zhao
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yunping Mu
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Fanghong Li
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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13
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Ding H, Shen Y, Hong SM, Xiang C, Shen N. Biomarkers for systemic lupus erythematosus - a focus on organ damage. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2024; 20:39-58. [PMID: 37712757 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2023.2260098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is complex autoimmune disease with heterogenous manifestations, unpredictable disease course and response to treatment. One of the critical needs in SLE management is the identification of reliable biomarkers that can aid in early diagnosis, accurate monitoring of disease activity, and assessment of treatment response. AREAS COVERED In the current review, we focus on the commonly affected organs (skin, kidney, and nervous system) in SLE to summarize the emerging biomarkers that show promise in disease diagnosis, monitoring and treatment response assessment. The subtitles within each organ domain were determined based on the most relevant and promising biomarkers for that specific organ damage. EXPERT OPINION Biomarkers have the potential to significantly benefit the management of SLE by aiding in diagnosis, disease activity monitoring, prognosis, and treatment response assessment. However, despite decades of research, none has been validated and implemented for routine clinical use. Novel biomarkers could lead to the development of precision medicine for SLE, guide personalized treatment, and improve patient outcomes. Challenges in biomarker research in SLE include defining clear and clinically relevant questions, accounting for the heterogeneity of SLE, and confirming initial findings in larger, multi-center, multi-ethnic, independent cohorts that reflect real-world clinical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihua Ding
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwei Shen
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, China
| | - Soon-Min Hong
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyan Xiang
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Shen
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, China
- China-Australia Centre for Personalized Immunology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology (CAGE), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Collaborative Innovation Centre for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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14
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Hoseinzadeh A, Mahmoudi M, Rafatpanah H, Rezaieyazdi Z, Tavakol Afshari J, Hosseini S, Esmaeili SA. A new generation of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells differentially trained by immunoregulatory probiotics in a lupus microenvironment. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:358. [PMID: 38072921 PMCID: PMC10712058 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03578-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence suggests that multipotent mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are a promising intervention strategy in treating autoimmune inflammatory diseases. It should be stated that systemic immunoregulation is increasingly recognized among the beneficial effects of MSCs and probiotics in treating morbid autoimmune disorders such as lupus. This study aimed to determine if immunoregulatory probiotics L. rhamnosus or L. delbrueckii can change the immunomodulatory effects of MSCs in lupus-like disease. METHODS Pristane-induced lupus (PIL) mice model was created via intraperitoneal injection of Pristane and then confirmed. Naïve MSCs (N-MSCs) were coincubated with two Lactobacillus strains, rhamnosus (R-MSCs) or delbrueckii (D-MSCs), and/or a combination of both (DR-MSCs) for 48 h, then administrated intravenously in separate groups. Negative (PBS-treated normal mice) and positive control groups (PBS-treated lupus mice) were also investigated. At the end of the study, flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis were used to determine the percentage of Th cell subpopulations in splenocytes and the level of their master cytokines in sera, respectively. Moreover, lupus nephritis was investigated and compared. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for multiple comparisons. RESULTS Abnormalities in serum levels of anti-dsDNA antibodies, creatinine, and urine proteinuria were significantly suppressed by MSCs transplantation, whereas engrafted MSCs coincubation with both L. strains did a lesser effect on anti-dsDNA antibodies. L. rhamnosus significantly escalated the ability of MSCs to scale down the inflammatory cytokines (IFN-ɣ, IL-17), while L. delbrueckii significantly elevated the capacity of MSCs to scale down the percentage of Th cell subpopulations. However, incubation with both strains induced MSCs with augmented capacity in introducing inflammatory cytokines (IFN-ɣ, IL-17). Strikingly, R-MSCs directly restored the serum level of TGF-β more effectively and showed more significant improvement in disease parameters than N-MSCs. These results suggest that R-MSCs significantly attenuate lupus disease by further skew the immune phenotype of MSCs toward increased immunoregulation. CONCLUSIONS Results demonstrated that Lactobacillus strains showed different capabilities in training/inducing new abilities in MSCs, in such a way that pretreated MSCs with L. rhamnosus might benefit the treatment of lupus-like symptoms, given their desirable properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Hoseinzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Mahmoudi
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Houshang Rafatpanah
- Immunology Research Centre, Division of Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Rezaieyazdi
- Rheumatic Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Jalil Tavakol Afshari
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, BuAli Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sara Hosseini
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed-Alireza Esmaeili
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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15
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Rekvig OP. SLE classification criteria: Is "The causality principle" integrated and operative - and do the molecular and genetical network, on which criteria depend on, support the definition of SLE as "a one disease entity" - A theoretical discussion. Autoimmun Rev 2023; 22:103470. [PMID: 37884202 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2023.103470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Molecular and cellular aspects of the autoimmune pathophysiology in SLE is linked to the "The causality principle". SLE Classification Criteria identify per definition disease measures (here: synonymous with classification criteria), but not diagnostic criteria within a classical framework. These two mostly theoretical criteria collections represent a salient conflict between phenomenology and the causality principle - between disease measures and molecular interactions that promote such measures, in other words their cause(s). Essentially, each criterion evolves from immunogenic and inflammatory signals - some are interconnected, some are not. Disparate signals instigated by disparate causes. These may promote clinically heterogenous SLE cohorts with respect to organ affection, autoimmunity, and disease course. There is today no concise measures or arguments that settle whether SLE cohorts evolve from one decisive etiological factor (homogenous cohorts), or if disparate patho-biological factors promote SLE (heterogenous cohorts). Current SLE cohorts are not ideal substrates to serve as study objects if the research aims are to describe etiology, and molecular interactions that cause - and link - primary and secondary pathophysiological events together - events that account for early and progressive SLE. We have to develop SLE criteria allowing us to identify definable categories of SLE in order to describe etiology, pathophysiology and diagnostic criteria of delimitated SLE versions. In this regard, the causality principle is central to define dominant etiologies of individual SLE categories, and subsequent and consequent down-stream diagnostic disease measures. In this sense, we may whether we like it or not identify different SLE categories like "genuine SLE" and "SLE-like non-SLE" syndromes. Many aspects of this problem are thoroughly discussed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Petter Rekvig
- Fürst Medical Laboratory, Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
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Valeff NJ, Ventimiglia MS, Diao L, Jensen F. Lupus and recurrent pregnancy loss: the role of female sex hormones and B cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1233883. [PMID: 37859991 PMCID: PMC10584304 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1233883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus is a debilitating autoimmune disease characterized by uncontrolled activation of adaptive immunity, particularly B cells, which predominantly affects women in a 9 to 1 ratio compared to men. This stark sex disparity strongly suggests a role for female sex hormones in the disease's onset and progression. Indeed, it is widely recognized that estradiol not only enhances the survival of autoreactive B cells but also stimulates the production of autoantibodies associated with systemic lupus erythematosus, such as anti-nuclear antibodies and anti-dsDNA antibodies. Clinical manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus typically emerge after puberty and persist throughout reproductive life. Furthermore, symptoms often exacerbate during the premenstrual period and pregnancy, as increased levels of estradiol can contribute to disease flares. Despite being fertile, women with lupus face a heightened risk of pregnancy-related complications, including pregnancy loss and stillbirth, which significantly surpass the rates observed in the healthy population. Therefore, this review aims to summarize and discuss the existing literature on the influence of female sex hormones on B-cell activation in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, with a particular emphasis on their impact on pregnancy loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalin Jimena Valeff
- Center for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CEFYBO-UBA-CONICET), Medical Faculty, Buenos Aires University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Silvia Ventimiglia
- Center for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CEFYBO-UBA-CONICET), Medical Faculty, Buenos Aires University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lianghui Diao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Federico Jensen
- Center for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CEFYBO-UBA-CONICET), Medical Faculty, Buenos Aires University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro Integrativo de Biología Y Química Aplicada. Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago, Chile
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17
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Huang Y, Xue Q, Chang J, Wang Y, Cheng C, Xu S, Wang X, Miao C. M6A methylation modification in autoimmune diseases, a promising treatment strategy based on epigenetics. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:189. [PMID: 37784134 PMCID: PMC10544321 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03149-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation modification is involved in the regulation of various biological processes, including inflammation, antitumor, and antiviral immunity. However, the role of m6A modification in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases has been rarely reported. METHODS Based on a description of m6A modification and the corresponding research methods, this review systematically summarizes current insights into the mechanism of m6A methylation modification in autoimmune diseases, especially its contribution to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). RESULTS By regulating different biological processes, m6A methylation is involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and provides a promising biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of such diseases. Notably, m6A methylation modification is involved in regulating a variety of immune cells and mitochondrial energy metabolism. In addition, m6A methylation modification plays a role in the pathological processes of RA, and m6A methylation-related genes can be used as potential targets in RA therapy. CONCLUSIONS M6A methylation modification plays an important role in autoimmune pathological processes such as RA and SLE and represents a promising new target for clinical diagnosis and treatment, providing new ideas for the treatment of autoimmune diseases by targeting m6A modification-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Qianjiang Road, Xinzhan District, Hefei, 230012, Anhui Province, China
| | - Qiuyun Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Qianjiang Road, Xinzhan District, Hefei, 230012, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jun Chang
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, China.
| | - Yuting Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Qianjiang Road, Xinzhan District, Hefei, 230012, Anhui Province, China
| | - Chenglong Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Qianjiang Road, Xinzhan District, Hefei, 230012, Anhui Province, China
| | - Suowen Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Clinical Nursing, School of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.
| | - Chenggui Miao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Qianjiang Road, Xinzhan District, Hefei, 230012, Anhui Province, China.
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Suzuki K, Uno S, Wakasugi N. Tacrolimus use and renal function in pregnancy with lupus nephritis: Analysis of post-marketing surveillance data in Japan. Mod Rheumatol 2023; 33:944-952. [PMID: 35982545 DOI: 10.1093/mr/roac094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tacrolimus may be administered to pregnant women with lupus nephritis in Japan if considered therapeutically beneficial, but supporting data are limited. We assessed the safety and effectiveness of tacrolimus before, during, and after pregnancy in women with lupus nephritis receiving tacrolimus. METHODS This was an ad hoc analysis of data from a post-marketing surveillance study of tacrolimus in patients with lupus nephritis in Japan. Pregnancy outcomes, nephritis status, and adverse events were assessed for up to 2 years postpartum. RESULTS Data were available for 23 births in 21 patients (two patients had two births each). Tacrolimus for lupus nephritis was continued during 11 births in nine patients (during and after pregnancy) and discontinued in 12 patients (when pregnancy was known or when approaching delivery). Renal function was generally maintained in patients who gave birth while receiving tacrolimus; however, there were cases of increased urine protein and decreased renal function over 2 years. There were no unexpected adverse events/safety concerns. CONCLUSIONS These data from clinical practice suggest that tacrolimus is a valid treatment option for lupus nephritis in fertile women in Japan and, with careful monitoring, pregnant women with lupus nephritis may continue their tacrolimus treatment.
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Zheng X, Dozmorov MG, Strohlein CE, Bastacky S, Sawalha AH. Ezh2 Knockout in B Cells Impairs Plasmablast Differentiation and Ameliorates Lupus-like Disease in MRL/lpr Mice. Arthritis Rheumatol 2023; 75:1395-1406. [PMID: 36897808 PMCID: PMC10492897 DOI: 10.1002/art.42492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES EZH2 regulates B cell development and differentiation. We previously demonstrated increased EZH2 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from lupus patients. The goal of this study was to evaluate the role of EZH2 expression in B cells in the pathogenesis of lupus. METHODS We generated an MRL/lpr mouse with floxed Ezh2, which was crossed with CD19-Cre mice to examine the effect of B cell EZH2 deficiency in MRL/lpr lupus-prone mice. Differentiation of B cells was assessed using flow cytometry. Single-cell RNA sequencing and single-cell B cell receptor sequencing were performed. In vitro B cell culture with an X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) inhibitor was performed. EZH2 and XBP1 messenger RNA levels in CD19+ B cells isolated from lupus patients and healthy controls were analyzed. RESULTS We show that Ezh2 deletion in B cells significantly decreased autoantibody production and improved glomerulonephritis. B cell development was altered in the bone marrow and spleen of EZH2-deficient mice. Differentiation of germinal center B cells and plasmablasts was impaired. Single-cell RNA sequencing showed that XBP1, a key transcription factor in B cell development, is down-regulated in the absence of EZH2. Inhibiting XBP1 in vitro impairs plasmablast development similar to EZH2 deficiency in mice. Single-cell B cell receptor RNA sequencing revealed defective immunoglobulin class-switch recombination in EZH2-deficient mice. In human lupus B cells, we observed a strong correlation between EZH2 and XBP1 messenger RNA expression levels. CONCLUSION EZH2 overexpression in B cells contributes to disease pathogenesis in lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Mikhail G Dozmorov
- Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Colleen E Strohlein
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sheldon Bastacky
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Amr H Sawalha
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Lupus Center of Excellence, and Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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20
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Steinmetz TD, Verstappen GM, Suurmond J, Kroese FGM. Targeting plasma cells in systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases - Promises and pitfalls. Immunol Lett 2023; 260:44-57. [PMID: 37315847 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plasma cells are the antibody secretors of the immune system. Continuous antibody secretion over years can provide long-term immune protection but could also be held responsible for long-lasting autoimmunity in case of self-reactive plasma cells. Systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD) affect multiple organ systems and are associated with a plethora of different autoantibodies. Two prototypic systemic ARDs are systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Sjögren's disease (SjD). Both diseases are characterized by B-cell hyperactivity and the production of autoantibodies against nuclear antigens. Analogues to other immune cells, different subsets of plasma cells have been described. Plasma cell subsets are often defined dependent on their current state of maturation, that also depend on the precursor B-cell subset from which they derived. But, a universal definition of plasma cell subsets is not available so far. Furthermore, the ability for long-term survival and effector functions may differ, potentially in a disease-specific manner. Characterization of plasma cell subsets and their specificity in individual patients can help to choose a suitable targeting approach for either a broad or more selective plasma cell depletion. Targeting plasma cells in systemic ARDs is currently challenging because of side effects or varying depletion efficacies in the tissue. Recent developments, however, like antigen-specific targeting and CAR-T-cell therapy might open up major benefits for patients beyond current treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobit D Steinmetz
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Gwenny M Verstappen
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jolien Suurmond
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Frans G M Kroese
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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21
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Wu D, Ye L, Zhang X, Yin M, Guo Y, Zhou J. Characteristics of steroid hormones in systemic lupus erythematosus revealed by GC/MS-based metabolic profiling. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1164679. [PMID: 37576955 PMCID: PMC10415909 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1164679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease with a remarkable predominance in female, suggesting that steroid hormones may be involved in the pathogenesis. However, steroid signature of SLE patients has not been fully explored. Methods A metabolic profiling analysis based on gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with high sensitivity and reproducibility was employed to comprehensively reveal SLE-specific steroid alterations. Results More than 70 kinds of steroids in urine were detected by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to reveal SLE-specific steroid alterations. Principle component analysis demonstrated that the steroid profile was obviously distinguished between patients with SLE and controls. A lower level of total androgens was observed in patients, and nine androgens [dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), testosterone, Etio, androsterone, βαβ-Diol, Epi-An, Epi-DHT, 16α-OH-DHEA, and A-Diol] underwent significant decrease. Moreover, patients with SLE exhibited a slightly higher level of total estrogens than controls, and three estrogens (17-Epi-E3, 17α-E2, and E3) were remarkably increased. Furthermore, we identified the elevation of two sterols (Lan and Chol), and the reduction of one corticoid (11-DeoxyF) and two progestins (5α-DHP and 11β-OH-Prog) in patients. Discussion In this study, metabolic signature of urinary steroids associated with SLE was comprehensively defined by GC/MS for the first time, and steroid metabolism disorders were found in patients with SLE, especially the conversion of androgens to estrogens. Our findings will provide new insights for a deeper understanding of the mechanism of steroid hormones in the pathogenesis of SLE and will help to unravel the reason of sexual disparity in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehong Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingxia Ye
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiafeng Zhang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengdi Yin
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yixuan Guo
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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22
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Cai B, Lu H, Ye Q, Xiao Q, Wu X, Xu H. Identification of potent target and its mechanism of action of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F in the treatment of lupus nephritis. Int J Rheum Dis 2023. [PMID: 37317623 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.14780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
AIM The Chinese anti-rheumatic herbal remedy Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TWHF) has been widely shown to be effective in treating lupus nephritis (LN), but the therapeutic targets and mechanisms of action are still unclear. In this study, we aimed to combine mRNA expression profile analysis and network pharmacology analysis to screen the pathogenic genes and pathways involved in LN and to explore the potential targets of TWHF in the treatment of LN. METHODS The mRNA expression profiles of LN patients were used to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and to predict associated pathogenic pathways and networks via the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis database. Through molecular docking, we predicted the mechanism by which TWHF interacts with candidate targets. RESULTS A total of 351 DEGs were screened from the glomeruli of LN patients and were mainly concentrated in the role of pattern recognition receptors in the recognition of bacteria and viruses and interferon signaling pathways. A total of 130 DEGs were screened from the tubulointerstitium of LN patients, which were concentrated in the interferon signaling pathway. TWHF might be effective in treating LN by hydrogen bonding to regulate the functions of 24 DEGs (including HMOX1, ALB, and CASP1), which are mainly concentrated in the B-cell signaling pathway. CONCLUSION The mRNA expression profile of renal tissue from LN patients revealed a large number of DEGs. TWHF has been shown to interact with the DEGs (including HMOX1, ALB and CASP1) through hydrogen bonding to treat LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Cai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongjuan Lu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianyi Ye
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingqing Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huji Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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23
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Mohan C, Zhang T, Putterman C. Pathogenic cellular and molecular mediators in lupus nephritis. Nat Rev Nephrol 2023:10.1038/s41581-023-00722-z. [PMID: 37225921 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-023-00722-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Kidney involvement in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus - lupus nephritis (LN) - is one of the most important and common clinical manifestations of this disease and occurs in 40-60% of patients. Current treatment regimens achieve a complete kidney response in only a minority of affected individuals, and 10-15% of patients with LN develop kidney failure, with its attendant morbidity and considerable prognostic implications. Moreover, the medications most often used to treat LN - corticosteroids in combination with immunosuppressive or cytotoxic drugs - are associated with substantial side effects. Advances in proteomics, flow cytometry and RNA sequencing have led to important new insights into immune cells, molecules and mechanistic pathways that are instrumental in the pathogenesis of LN. These insights, together with a renewed focus on the study of human LN kidney tissue, suggest new therapeutic targets that are already being tested in lupus animal models and early-phase clinical trials and, as such, are hoped to eventually lead to meaningful improvements in the care of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus-associated kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Mohan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Ting Zhang
- Division of Rheumatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaim Putterman
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel.
- Division of Rheumatology and Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
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24
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Hua MR, Zhao YL, Yang JZ, Zou L, Zhao YY, Li X. Membranous nephropathy: Mechanistic insights and therapeutic perspectives. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 120:110317. [PMID: 37207447 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Membranous nephropathy (MN) is one of the most common causes of non-diabetic nephrotic syndrome in adults. About 80% of cases are renal limited (primary MN) and 20% are associated with other systemic diseases or exposures (secondary MN). Autoimmune reaction is the main pathogenic factor of MN, and the discovery of autoantigens including the phospholipase A2 receptor and thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing protein 7A has led to new insights into the pathogenesis, they can induce humoral immune responses led by IgG4 makes them suitable for the diagnosis and monitoring of MN. In addition, complement activation, genetic susceptibility genes and environmental pollution are also involved in MN immune response. In clinical practice, due to the spontaneous remission of MN, the combination of supportive therapy and pharmacological treatment is widely used. Immunosuppressive drugs are the cornerstone of MN treatment, and the dangers and benefits of this approach vary from person to person. In summary, this review provides a more comprehensive review of the immune pathogenesis, interventions and unresolved issues of MN in the hope of providing some new ideas for clinical and scientific researchers in the treatment of MN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ru Hua
- Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Northwest University, No. 777 Xitai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, China
| | - Yan-Long Zhao
- Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Northwest University, No. 777 Xitai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, China
| | - Jun-Zheng Yang
- Guangdong nephrotic drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Institute of Consun Co. for Chinese Medicine in Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Consun Pharmaceutical Group, No. 71 Dongpeng avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510530, China
| | - Liang Zou
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Chengdu University, No. 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, China
| | - Ying-Yong Zhao
- Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Northwest University, No. 777 Xitai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, China; School of Food and Bioengineering, Chengdu University, No. 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, China; School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China.
| | - Xia Li
- Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Northwest University, No. 777 Xitai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, China.
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25
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Zheng J, Shi W, Yang Z, Chen J, Qi A, Yang Y, Deng Y, Yang D, Song N, Song B, Luo D. RIG-I-like receptors: Molecular mechanism of activation and signaling. Adv Immunol 2023; 158:1-74. [PMID: 37453753 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
During RNA viral infection, RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) recognize the intracellular pathogenic RNA species derived from viral replication and activate antiviral innate immune response by stimulating type 1 interferon expression. Three RLR members, namely, RIG-I, MDA5, and LGP2 are homologous and belong to a subgroup of superfamily 2 Helicase/ATPase that is preferably activated by double-stranded RNA. RLRs are significantly different in gene architecture, RNA ligand preference, activation, and molecular functions. As switchable macromolecular sensors, RLRs' activities are tightly regulated by RNA ligands, ATP, posttranslational modifications, and cellular cofactors. We provide a comprehensive review of the structure and function of the RLRs and summarize the molecular understanding of sensing and signaling events during the RLR activation process. The key roles RLR signaling play in both anti-infection and immune disease conditions highlight the therapeutic potential in targeting this important molecular pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wenjia Shi
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziqun Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ao Qi
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yulin Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Deng
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongyuan Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Song
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Song
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Dahai Luo
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore; NTU Institute of Structural Biology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
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26
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Han Z, Chen L, Peng H, Zheng H, Lin Y, Peng F, Fan Y, Xie X, Yang S, Wang Z, Yuan L, Wei X, Chen H. The role of thyroid hormone in the renal immune microenvironment. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110172. [PMID: 37086678 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones are essential for proper kidney growth and development. The kidney is not only the organ of thyroid hormone metabolism but also the target organ of thyroid hormone. Kidney disease is a common type of kidney damage, mainly including different types of acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, diabetic nephropathy, lupus nephritis, and renal cell carcinoma. The kidney is often damaged by an immune response directed against its antigens or a systemic immune response. A variety of immune cells in the innate and adaptive immune systems, including neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, T lymphocytes, and B lymphocytes, is essential for maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmune kidney disease. Recent studies have found that thyroid hormone plays an indispensable role in the immune microenvironment of various kidney diseases. Thyroid hormones regulate the activity of neutrophils, and dendritic cells express triiodothyronine receptors. Compared to hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism has a greater effect on neutrophils. Furthermore, in adaptive immune systems, thyroid hormone may activate T lymphocytes through several underlying mechanisms, such as mediating NF-κB, protein kinase C signalling pathways, and β-adrenergic receptors, leading to increased T lymphocyte activation. The present review discusses the effects of thyroid hormone metabolism regulation in the immune microenvironment on the function of various immune cells, especially neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, T lymphocytes, and B lymphocytes. Although there are not enough data at this stage to conclude the clinical relevance of these findings, thyroid hormone metabolism may influence autoimmune kidney disease by regulating the renal immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Han
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Liuyan Chen
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyao Peng
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongying Zheng
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yumeng Lin
- Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Peng
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunhe Fan
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiuli Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Simin Yang
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhanzhan Wang
- Lianyungang Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Lan Yuan
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xiuyan Wei
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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27
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Deng T, Chen S, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Feng D, Wu H, Sun X. A cofunctional grouping-based approach for non-redundant feature gene selection in unannotated single-cell RNA-seq analysis. Brief Bioinform 2023; 24:bbad042. [PMID: 36754847 PMCID: PMC10025445 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbad042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Feature gene selection has significant impact on the performance of cell clustering in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis. A well-rounded feature selection (FS) method should consider relevance, redundancy and complementarity of the features. Yet most existing FS methods focus on gene relevance to the cell types but neglect redundancy and complementarity, which undermines the cell clustering performance. We develop a novel computational method GeneClust to select feature genes for scRNA-seq cell clustering. GeneClust groups genes based on their expression profiles, then selects genes with the aim of maximizing relevance, minimizing redundancy and preserving complementarity. It can work as a plug-in tool for FS with any existing cell clustering method. Extensive benchmark results demonstrate that GeneClust significantly improve the clustering performance. Moreover, GeneClust can group cofunctional genes in biological process and pathway into clusters, thus providing a means of investigating gene interactions and identifying potential genes relevant to biological characteristics of the dataset. GeneClust is freely available at https://github.com/ToryDeng/scGeneClust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Deng
- School of Data Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong—Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- School of Statistics and Mathematics, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Hubei, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Statistics and Mathematics, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanbin Xu
- School of Statistics and Mathematics, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Hubei, China
| | - Da Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, GA, USA
- Faculty of Computer Science and Control Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- School of Statistics and Mathematics, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Hubei, China
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28
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Ding Y, Luan ZQ, Mao ZM, Qu Z, Yu F. Association between glomerular mTORC1 activation and crescents formation in lupus nephritis patients. Clin Immunol 2023; 249:109288. [PMID: 36907538 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the association between glomerular mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway activation and crescents' degree in lupus nephritis (LN) patients. METHODS A total of 159 biopsy-proven LN patients were enrolled in this retrospective study. The clinical and pathological data of them were collected at the time of renal biopsy. mTORC1 pathway activation was measured by immunohistochemistry, expressed by the mean optical density (MOD) of p-RPS6 (ser235/236), and multiplexed immunofluorescence. The association of mTORC1 pathway activation with clinico-pathological features especially renal crescentic lesions, and the composite outcomes in LN patients was further analyzed. RESULTS mTORC1 pathway activation could be detected in the crescentic lesions and was positively correlated with the percentage of crescents (r = 0.479, P < 0.001) in LN patients. Subgroup analysis showed mTORC1 pathway was more activated in patients with cellular or fibrocellular crescentic lesions (P < 0.001), but not fibrous crescentic lesions (P = 0.270). The optimal cutoff value of the MOD of p-RPS6 (ser235/236) was 0.0111299 for predicting the presence of cellular-fibrocellular crescents in >7.39% of the glomeruli by the receiver operating characteristic curve. Cox regression survival analysis showed that mTORC1 pathway activation was an independent risk factor for the worse outcome (defined by composite endpoints of death, end-stage renal disease and a decrease of >30% in eGFR from baseline). CONCLUSION Activation of mTORC1 pathway was closely associated with the cellular-fibrocellular crescentic lesions and could be a prognostic marker in LN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ding
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, PR China; Department of Nephrology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, PR China; Institute of Nephrology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, PR China; Key laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing 100034, PR China; Key Laboratory of CKD Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100034, PR China
| | - Zhong-Qiu Luan
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Zhao-Min Mao
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, PR China; Institute of Nephrology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, PR China; Key laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing 100034, PR China; Key Laboratory of CKD Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100034, PR China
| | - Zhen Qu
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, PR China.
| | - Feng Yu
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, PR China; Department of Nephrology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, PR China; Institute of Nephrology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, PR China; Key laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing 100034, PR China; Key Laboratory of CKD Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100034, PR China
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29
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Ramessar N, Borad A, Schlesinger N. The impact of curcumin supplementation on systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis: A systematic review. Lupus 2023; 32:644-657. [PMID: 36867423 DOI: 10.1177/09612033231161961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Curcumin is the active ingredient in the curry spice turmeric. It has anti-inflammatory properties due to the inhibition of transcription factors and inflammatory mediators such as nuclear factor-κβ (NF-κβ), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), lipoxygenase (LOX), tumor necrosis factoralpha (TNF-alpha), and interleukin-1 (IL-1) and 6 (IL-6). This review examines the literature regarding the efficacy of curcumin on systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity. METHODS A search was conducted following guidelines in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) using the PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and MEDLINE electronic databases to retrieve relevant studies assessing the impact of curcumin supplementation on SLE. RESULTS The initial search yielded three double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials, three human in vitro studies, and seven mouse-model studies. In human trials, curcumin decreased 24-h and spot proteinuria, but the trials were small, ranging from 14 to 39 patients, with varied curcumin doses and different study durations ranging from 4 to 12 weeks. There was no change in C3, dsDNA, or the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity (SLEDAI) scores even in the longer trials. The mouse-model trials yielded more data. NF-κβ activation was suppressed along with inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS) species expression when 1 mg/kg/day of curcumin was administered for 14 weeks, leading to significant decreases in dsDNA, proteinuria, renal inflammation, and IgG subclasses. Another study suggested that curcumin reduced B cell-activating factor (BAFF) when used for up to 8 weeks at 50 mg/kg/day. A reduction in pro-inflammatory Th1 and Th17 percentages, IL-6 and anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) levels were reported. The doses used in the murine models were much higher than those used in human trials, with 12.5 mg-200 mg/kg/day used for over 16 weeks; highlighting that the optimal time for an immunological effect to be observed may require 12-16 weeks of curcumin use. CONCLUSION Despite the wide use of curcumin in everyday life, its molecular and anti-inflammatory use has only been partially explored. Current data show a potential benefit on disease activity. Still, no uniform dose can be advised because long-duration, large-scale randomized trials using defined dosing are needed in different subsets of SLE, including lupus nephritis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Ramessar
- 12250Indiana University, School of Medicine, Fort Wayne, IN, USA
| | - Abhilasha Borad
- 43982Rutgers University, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School (RWJMS), New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Naomi Schlesinger
- 14434University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Inthavong H, Vanarsa K, Castillo J, Hicks MJ, Mohan C, Wenderfer SE. Urinary CD163 is a marker of active kidney disease in childhood-onset lupus nephritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2023; 62:1335-1342. [PMID: 35961024 PMCID: PMC9977135 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of urine CD163 for detecting disease activity in childhood-onset SLE (cSLE) patients. METHODS Sixty consecutive pediatric patients fulfilling four or more ACR criteria for SLE and 20 healthy controls were recruited for testing of urinary CD163 using ELISA. SLE disease activity was assessed using the SLEDAI-2K. RESULTS Urine CD163 was significantly higher in patients with active LN than inactive SLE patients and healthy controls, with receiver operating characteristics area under the curve values ranging from 0.93 to 0.96. LN was ascertained by kidney biopsy. Levels of CD163 significantly correlated with the SLEDAI, renal SLEDAI, urinary protein excretion and C3 complement levels. Urine CD163 was also associated with high renal pathology activity index and chronicity index, correlating strongly with interstitial inflammation and interstitial fibrosis based on the examination of concurrent kidney biopsies. CONCLUSION Urine CD163 emerges as a promising marker for identifying cSLE patients with active kidney disease. Longitudinal studies are warranted to validate the clinical utility of urine CD163 in tracking kidney disease activity in children with lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kamala Vanarsa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston
| | | | - M John Hicks
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children’s Hospital
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine
| | - Chandra Mohan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston
| | - Scott E Wenderfer
- Renal Section, Texas Children’s Hospital
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Yaung KN, Yeo JG, Kumar P, Wasser M, Chew M, Ravelli A, Law AHN, Arkachaisri T, Martini A, Pisetsky DS, Albani S. Artificial intelligence and high-dimensional technologies in the theragnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus. THE LANCET. RHEUMATOLOGY 2023; 5:e151-e165. [PMID: 38251610 DOI: 10.1016/s2665-9913(23)00010-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus is a complex, systemic autoimmune disease characterised by immune dysregulation. Pathogenesis is multifactorial, contributing to clinical heterogeneity and posing challenges for diagnosis and treatment. Although strides in treatment options have been made in the past 15 years, with the US Food and Drug Administration approval of belimumab in 2011, there are still many patients who have inadequate responses to therapy. A better understanding of underlying disease mechanisms with a holistic and multiparametric approach is required to improve clinical assessment and treatment. This Review discusses the evolution of genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics in the study of systemic lupus erythematosus and ways to amalgamate these silos of data with a systems-based approach while also discussing ways to strengthen the overall process. These mechanistic insights will facilitate the discovery of functionally relevant biomarkers to guide rational therapeutic selection to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Nay Yaung
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.
| | - Joo Guan Yeo
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Rheumatology and Immunology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Pavanish Kumar
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore
| | - Martin Wasser
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore
| | - Marvin Chew
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore
| | - Angelo Ravelli
- Direzione Scientifica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy; Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Riabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica e Scienze Materno-Infantili, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Annie Hui Nee Law
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Thaschawee Arkachaisri
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Rheumatology and Immunology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - David S Pisetsky
- Department of Medicine and Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Medical Research Service, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Salvatore Albani
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Rheumatology and Immunology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
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Pharmacological importance of Kunxian Capsule in clinical applications and its adverse effects: A review. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2022.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
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Innate and adaptive immune abnormalities underlying autoimmune diseases: the genetic connections. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023:10.1007/s11427-021-2187-3. [PMID: 36738430 PMCID: PMC9898710 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-021-2187-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
With the exception of an extremely small number of cases caused by single gene mutations, most autoimmune diseases result from the complex interplay between environmental and genetic factors. In a nutshell, etiology of the common autoimmune disorders is unknown in spite of progress elucidating certain effector cells and molecules responsible for pathologies associated with inflammatory and tissue damage. In recent years, population genetics approaches have greatly enriched our knowledge regarding genetic susceptibility of autoimmunity, providing us with a window of opportunities to comprehensively re-examine autoimmunity-associated genes and possible pathways. In this review, we aim to discuss etiology and pathogenesis of common autoimmune disorders from the perspective of human genetics. An overview of the genetic basis of autoimmunity is followed by 3 chapters detailing susceptibility genes involved in innate immunity, adaptive immunity and inflammatory cell death processes respectively. With such attempts, we hope to expand the scope of thinking and bring attention to lesser appreciated molecules and pathways as important contributors of autoimmunity beyond the 'usual suspects' of a limited subset of validated therapeutic targets.
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Thompson MA, McCann BE, Simmons RB, Rhen T. Major locus on ECA18 influences effectiveness of GonaCon vaccine in feral horses. J Reprod Immunol 2023; 155:103779. [PMID: 36462462 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2022.103779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Contraceptive vaccines are used to reduce birth rates in wild and feral animal populations. While the immunocontraceptive GonaCon-Equine has proven effective in reducing fertility among female feral horses, there is individual variation in the duration of infertility following treatment. To identify genetic factors influencing the effectiveness of GonaCon-Equine, we conducted a genome-wide association study of 88 mares from a feral population genotyped using the Illumina GGP Equine 70k SNP array. Contraceptive treatment schedules and long-term foaling rates have been recorded for each individual. We used mixed linear models to control for relatedness among mares. We found a significant association (p < 5 ×10-8) with a locus on equine chromosome 18. The most likely candidate genes in this region are STAT1 and STAT4, which are both involved in immune system function. Variation in STAT function could affect the immune response to the vaccine, leading to variation in contraceptive efficacy. Additional SNPs reaching a less stringent threshold of significance (p < 5 ×10-6) were located on other chromosomes near known immune system genes, supporting the hypothesis that variation in immunocontraceptive efficacy can be attributed to genetic variation in immune response rather than fertility genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Thompson
- Department of Biology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; Theodore Roosevelt National Park, National Park Service, Medora, ND 58645, USA.
| | - Blake E McCann
- Theodore Roosevelt National Park, National Park Service, Medora, ND 58645, USA
| | - Rebecca B Simmons
- Department of Biology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Turk Rhen
- Department of Biology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
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Ni J, Li X, Tu X, Zhu H, Wang S, Hou Y, Dou H. Halofuginone ameliorates systemic lupus erythematosus by targeting Blk in myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 114:109487. [PMID: 36493694 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystemic, inflammatory autoimmune disease. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells participated in the pathogenesis of SLE. MDSCs has been considered a potential therapeutic target for lupus. As traditional Chinese medicine, Halofuginone (HF) has the extensive immunomodulatory effects on some autoimmune disorders. Our research was dedicated to discovering therapeutic efficacy of HF for lupus to explore novel mechanisms on MDSCs. We found that HF prominently alleviated the systemic symptoms especially nephritis in Imiquimod-induced lupus mice, and simultaneously repaired the immune system, reflected in the alteration of autoantibodies. HF diminished the quantity of MDSCs in lupus mice, and induced apoptosis of MDSCs. Through RNA sequencing performed on the sorted MDSC from lupus mice and HF-treated lupus mice, B lymphoid tyrosine kinase (Blk, a non-receptor cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase) was screened as the target molecule of HF. It's proven that HF had two independent effects on Blk. On the one hand, HF increased the mRNA expression of Blk in MDSCs by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of p65/p50 heterodimer. On the other hand, HF enhanced the kinase activity of Blk in MDSCs through direct molecular binding. We further investigated that Blk suppressed the phosphorylation of downstream ERK signaling pathway to increase the apoptosis of MDSCs. In conclusion, our study illustrated that HF alleviated the disease progression of lupus mice by targeting Blk to promote the apoptosis of MDSCs, which indicated the immunotherapeutic potential of HF to treat lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Ni
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Xiaodi Tu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Shiqi Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Yayi Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing, 210093, PR China.
| | - Huan Dou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing, 210093, PR China.
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Wen L, Zhang B, Wu X, Liu R, Fan H, Han L, Zhang Z, Ma X, Chu CQ, Shi X. Toll-like receptors 7 and 9 regulate the proliferation and differentiation of B cells in systemic lupus erythematosus. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1093208. [PMID: 36875095 PMCID: PMC9975558 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1093208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune illness marked by the loss of immune tolerance and the production of autoantibodies against nucleic acids and other nuclear antigens (Ags). B lymphocytes are important in the immunopathogenesis of SLE. Multiple receptors control abnormal B-cell activation in SLE patients, including intrinsic Toll-like receptors (TLRs), B-cell receptors (BCRs), and cytokine receptors. The role of TLRs, notably TLR7 and TLR9, in the pathophysiology of SLE has been extensively explored in recent years. When endogenous or exogenous nucleic acid ligands are recognized by BCRs and internalized into B cells, they bind TLR7 or TLR9 to activate related signalling pathways and thus govern the proliferation and differentiation of B cells. Surprisingly, TLR7 and TLR9 appear to play opposing roles in SLE B cells, and the interaction between them is still poorly understood. In addition, other cells can enhance TLR signalling in B cells of SLE patients by releasing cytokines that accelerate the differentiation of B cells into plasma cells. Therefore, the delineation of how TLR7 and TLR9 regulate the abnormal activation of B cells in SLE may aid the understanding of the mechanisms of SLE and provide directions for TLR-targeted therapies for SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Wen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xinfeng Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Rongzeng Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Hua Fan
- Office of Research & Innovation, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Lei Han
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Zhibo Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xin Ma
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Cong-Qiu Chu
- Division of Arthritis and Rheumatic Diseases, Oregon Health & Science University and VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Xiaofei Shi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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Wang L, Yang Z, Yu H, Lin W, Wu R, Yang H, Yang K. Predicting diagnostic gene expression profiles associated with immune infiltration in patients with lupus nephritis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:839197. [PMID: 36532018 PMCID: PMC9755505 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.839197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To identify potential diagnostic markers of lupus nephritis (LN) based on bioinformatics and machine learning and to explore the significance of immune cell infiltration in this pathology. Methods Seven LN gene expression datasets were downloaded from the GEO database, and the larger sample size was used as the training group to obtain differential genes (DEGs) between LN and healthy controls, and to perform gene function, disease ontology (DO), and gene set enrichment analyses (GSEA). Two machine learning algorithms, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and support vector machine-recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE), were applied to identify candidate biomarkers. The diagnostic value of LN diagnostic gene biomarkers was further evaluated in the area under the ROC curve observed in the validation dataset. CIBERSORT was used to analyze 22 immune cell fractions from LN patients and to analyze their correlation with diagnostic markers. Results Thirty and twenty-one DEGs were screened in kidney tissue and peripheral blood, respectively. Both of which covered macrophages and interferons. The disease enrichment analysis of DEGs in kidney tissues showed that they were mainly involved in immune and renal diseases, and in peripheral blood it was mainly enriched in cardiovascular system, bone marrow, and oral cavity. The machine learning algorithm combined with external dataset validation revealed that C1QA(AUC = 0.741), C1QB(AUC = 0.758), MX1(AUC = 0.865), RORC(AUC = 0.911), CD177(AUC = 0.855), DEFA4(AUC= 0.843)and HERC5(AUC = 0.880) had high diagnostic value and could be used as diagnostic biomarkers of LN. Compared to controls, pathways such as cell adhesion molecule cam, and systemic lupus erythematosus were activated in kidney tissues; cell cycle, cytoplasmic DNA sensing pathways, NOD-like receptor signaling pathways, proteasome, and RIG-1-like receptors were activated in peripheral blood. Immune cell infiltration analysis showed that diagnostic markers in kidney tissue were associated with T cells CD8 and Dendritic cells resting, and in blood were associated with T cells CD4 memory resting, suggesting that CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells and dendritic cells are closely related to the development and progression of LN. Conclusion C1QA, C1QB, MX1, RORC, CD177, DEFA4 and HERC5 could be used as new candidate molecular markers for LN. It may provide new insights into the diagnosis and molecular treatment of LN in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Nephrology Department, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhihua Yang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hangxing Yu
- Nephrology Department, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Nephrology Department, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruoxi Wu
- Nephrology Department, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongtao Yang
- Nephrology Department, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Kang Yang
- Nephrology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Henan, China
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Tang Y, Luo Y. Identification of a novel mutation in complement receptor 2 in Chinese familial systemic lupus erythematosus. Arch Rheumatol 2022; 37:566-573. [PMID: 36879571 PMCID: PMC9985375 DOI: 10.46497/archrheumatol.2022.9167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aims to analyze the relationship between complement receptor 2 (CR2) gene mutation and the clinical phenotype in Chinese familial systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Patients and methods A total of one Chinese familial SLE patients (median age: 30.25 years; range, 22 to 49 years) were included between January 2017 and December 2018. The clinical features and diagnoses of familial SLE patients were analyzed using whole-exome sequencing (WES) of genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) samples. Sanger sequencing was used to verify candidate mutations detected in the examined family. Results The mother and her three daughters were diagnosed with SLE. The clinical characteristics showed that the patient and her mother were diagnosed with lupus nephritis. The eldest daughter had decreased renal function and lower serum albumin levels. Immunological index analysis showed that all four patients were positive for anti-SSA and antinuclear antibody (ANA), but that only the second daughter was positive for anti-double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). Complement 3 (C3) was significantly decreased in all patients, while evaluation of the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) showed that the second and third daughters had mild active SLE. The mother and eldest daughter were treated with prednisolone combined with cyclophosphamide, while the other two daughters were treated with prednisolone alone. The WES and Sanger sequencing analyses revealed an unreported missense T>C mutation c.2804 in the 15th exon of the CR gene in all four patients. Conclusion We identified a novel c.2804 (exon 15) T>C mutation in the CR gene of Chinese familial SLE. This mutation was previously reported, suggesting that the CR gene c.2804 (exon 15) T>C mutation is the probable cause of SLE in this family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuewu Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Three Gorges Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Three Gorges Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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Wu Y, Chen D, Hu Y, Zhang S, Dong X, Liang H, Liang M, Zhu Y, Tan C, An S, Zhu X, Yuan J, Li M, He Z. Ring Finger Protein 215 Negatively Regulates Type I IFN Production via Blocking NF-κB p65 Activation. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:2012-2021. [PMID: 36426941 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Germline-encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) recognize molecules frequently found in pathogens (pathogen-associated molecular patterns [PAMPs]) during viral infection. This process induces production of IFNs, leading to expression of IFN-stimulated genes to establish a cellular antiviral state against viral infection. However, aberrant activation of the IFN system may cause immunopathological damage and systemic autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus. Stringent control of IFN signaling activation is critical for maintaining homoeostasis of the immune system; yet, the mechanisms responsible for its precise regulation remain to be elucidated. In this study, we identified that ring finger protein 215 (RNF215), a zinc finger protein, was upregulated by viral infection in human macrophages. In addition, we demonstrated that RNF215 inhibited the production of type I IFNs at least in part via interacting with p65, a subunit of NF-κB, and repressed the accumulation of NF-κB in the promoter region of IFNB1. Moreover, we found that the expression of RNF215 negatively correlated with type I IFNs in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, indicating that RNF215 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Collectively, our data identified RNF215 as a key negative regulator of type I IFNs and suggested RNF215 as a potential target for intervention in diseases with aberrant IFN production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, Shangrao People's Hospital, Shangrao, China
| | - Delin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiwen Hu
- Changsha Customs District P. R. China, Changsha, China
| | - Shuqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinhuai Dong
- Cancer Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Liang
- Cancer Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minqi Liang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujia Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chahui Tan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu An
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Jie Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Cancer Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenjian He
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Yavuz S, Pucholt P, Sandling JK, Bianchi M, Leonard D, Bolin K, Imgenberg-Kreuz J, Eloranta ML, Kozyrev SV, Lanata CM, Jönsen A, Bengtsson AA, Sjöwall C, Svenungsson E, Gunnarsson I, Rantapää-Dahlqvist S, Nititham J, Criswell LA, Lindblad-Toh K, Rönnblom L. Mer-tyrosine kinase: a novel susceptibility gene for SLE related end-stage renal disease. Lupus Sci Med 2022; 9:e000752. [PMID: 36332927 PMCID: PMC9639142 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2022-000752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common and severe manifestation of SLE. The genetic risk for nephritis and progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in patients with LN remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to identify novel genetic associations with LN, focusing on subphenotypes and ESRD. METHODS We analysed genomic data on 958 patients with SLE (discovery cohort: LN=338) with targeted sequencing data from 1832 immunological pathway genes. We used an independent multiethnic cohort comprising 1226 patients with SLE (LN=603) as a replication dataset. Detailed functional annotation and functional epigenomic enrichment analyses were applied to predict functional effects of the candidate variants. RESULTS A genetic variant (rs56097910) within the MERTK gene was associated with ESRD in both cohorts, meta-analysis OR=5.4 (2.8 to 10.6); p=1.0×10-6. We observed decreased methylation levels in peripheral blood cells from SLE patients with ESRD, compared with patients without renal SLE (p=2.7×10-4), at one CpG site (cg16333401) in close vicinity to the transcription start site of MERTK and located in a DNAse hypersensitivity region in T and B cells. Rs56097910 is linked to altered MERTK expression in kidney tissue in public eQTL databases. Two loci were replicated for association with proliferative LN: PRDM1 (rs6924535, pmeta=1.6×10-5, OR=0.58) and APOA1BP (NAXE) (rs942960, pmeta=1.2×10-5, OR=2.64). CONCLUSION We identified a novel genetic risk locus, MERTK, associated with SLE-ESRD using the data from two large SLE cohorts. Through DNA methylation analysis and functional annotation, we showed that the risk could be mediated through regulation of gene expression. Our results suggest that variants in the MERTK gene are important for the risk of developing SLE-ESRD and suggest a role for PRDM1 and APOA1BP in proliferative LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sule Yavuz
- Department of Medical Sciences and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pascal Pucholt
- Department of Medical Sciences and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johanna K Sandling
- Department of Medical Sciences and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Matteo Bianchi
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dag Leonard
- Department of Medical Sciences and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karin Bolin
- Department of Medical Sciences and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Juliana Imgenberg-Kreuz
- Department of Medical Sciences and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maija-Leena Eloranta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sergey V Kozyrev
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cristina M Lanata
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Andreas Jönsen
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Rheumatology, Skåne University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anders A Bengtsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Rheumatology, Skåne University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christopher Sjöwall
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Östergötland, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Svenungsson
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Iva Gunnarsson
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Joanne Nititham
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lindsey A Criswell
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kerstin Lindblad-Toh
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lars Rönnblom
- Department of Medical Sciences and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Corneth OBJ, Neys SFH, Hendriks RW. Aberrant B Cell Signaling in Autoimmune Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11213391. [PMID: 36359789 PMCID: PMC9654300 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant B cell signaling plays a critical in role in various systemic and organ-specific autoimmune diseases. This is supported by genetic evidence by many functional studies in B cells from patients or specific animal models and by the observed efficacy of small-molecule inhibitors. In this review, we first discuss key signal transduction pathways downstream of the B cell receptor (BCR) that ensure that autoreactive B cells are removed from the repertoire or functionally silenced. We provide an overview of aberrant BCR signaling that is associated with inappropriate B cell repertoire selection and activation or survival of peripheral B cell populations and plasma cells, finally leading to autoantibody formation. Next to BCR signaling, abnormalities in other signal transduction pathways have been implicated in autoimmune disease. These include reduced activity of several phosphates that are downstream of co-inhibitory receptors on B cells and increased levels of BAFF and APRIL, which support survival of B cells and plasma cells. Importantly, pathogenic synergy of the BCR and Toll-like receptors (TLR), which can be activated by endogenous ligands, such as self-nucleic acids, has been shown to enhance autoimmunity. Finally, we will briefly discuss therapeutic strategies for autoimmune disease based on interfering with signal transduction in B cells.
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Cheng C, Guo F, Yang H, Ma J, Li H, Yin L, Li M, Liu S. Identification and analysis of the predictive urinary exosomal miR-195-5p in lupus nephritis based on renal miRNA-mRNA co-expression network. Lupus 2022; 31:1786-1799. [PMID: 36223498 DOI: 10.1177/09612033221133684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lupus nephritis (LN) is the main complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), causing huge financial burden and poor quality of life. Due to the low compliance of renal biopsy, we aim to find a non-invasive biomarker of LN to optimize its predictive, preventive, and personalized medical service or management. METHOD Herein, we provided a bioinformatic screen combined clinical validation strategy for rapidly mining exosomal miRNAs for LN diagnosis and management. We screened out differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and differentially expressed mRNAs (DEGs) in LN database and performed a miRNA-mRNA integrated analysis to select out reliable changed miRNAs in LN tissues by using R and Cytoscape. Urinary exosomes were collected by ultracentrifugation and analyzed by nano-tracking analysis and western blotting. Detection of aquaporin-2 showed the tubular source of urinary exosomes. Urinary exosomal miRNAs were detected by RT-qPCR and the target of miR-195-5p was verified by using bioinformatic, dual-luciferase, and western blotting. RESULT 15 miRNAs and their 60 target mRNAs were contained in miRNA-mRNA integrated map. Bioinformatic analysis showed these miRNAs were involved in various cellular biological process. Exosomal miR-195-5p, miR-25-3p, miR-429, and miR-218-5p were verified in a small clinical group (n = 47). Urinary exosomal miR-195-5p, miR-25-3p, and miR-429 were downregulated in patients and miR-195-5p could recognize LN patients from SLE with good sensitivity and specificity, showing good potential in LN disease monitoring and diagnosis. CONCLUSION We analyzed and obtained a series of differential miRNAs in LN kidney tissues and suggested that urinary exosomal miR-195-5p could serve as a novel biomarker in LN. Further, miR-195-5p-CXCL10 axis could be a therapeutic target of LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism Research and Evaluation of National Medical Products Administration, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 70570Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangfang Guo
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, 162698The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism Research and Evaluation of National Medical Products Administration, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 70570Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jietao Ma
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, 220741The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Honglian Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism Research and Evaluation of National Medical Products Administration, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 70570Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lele Yin
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, 162698The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minmin Li
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, 162698The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuwen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism Research and Evaluation of National Medical Products Administration, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 70570Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, 70570Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Hisham FA, Tharwat S, Samra NE, Mostafa N, Nassar MK, El-Desoky MM. High mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) serum and urinary levels and gene polymorphism in Egyptian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A possible relation to lupus nephritis. Lupus 2022; 31:1777-1785. [DOI: 10.1177/09612033221132484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the high mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) serum and urinary levels and gene polymorphisms on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) development and investigate their link to lupus nephritis (LN). Methods We enrolled 120 Egyptian SLE patients and 120 healthy controls. Thorough medical and clinical evaluation were carried out, and SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) was assessed. Lupus patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of LN. Measurement of HMGB1 serum and urinary levels was done using ELISA and genotyping for HMGB1 ( rs1045411) was performed. Results There were statistically significantly higher HMGB1 serum and urinary levels in SLE patients ( p < 0.001). There was a marginally significant association between lupus and alleles ( p = 0.059, φ = −0.086). ‘C’ allele was marginally significant risk allele for SLE. After classifying SLE patients based on the presence or absence of LN, there was no significant difference as regard sex ( p = 0.387), age ( p = 0.208) and disease duration ( p = 0.094).However, there was a significant difference between the 2 groups in regard to the frequency of musculoskeletal manifestations ( p = 0.035), SLEDAI score ( p < 0.001), both serum ( p < 0.001) and urinary HMGB1 levels ( p < 0.001) in addition to the frequency of HMGB1 genotypes ( p = 0.003). Lupus patients with C/T-T/T HMGB1 genotypes had 3.5-times higher odds to exhibit LN. Conclusions Serum and urine HMGB1 measurements are helpful in the diagnosis of SLE and the prediction of LN. There is a link between HMGB1 gene variations and the risk of SLE, with evidence that the C/T-T/T HMGB1 genotype is linked to a significantly greater risk of LN in the Egyptian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma A Hisham
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Samar Tharwat
- Rheumatology and Immunology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Nouran E Samra
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Nora Mostafa
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Mohammed K Nassar
- Mansoura Nephrology and Dialysis Unit (MNDU), Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Manal M. El-Desoky
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
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Zhang M, Johnson-Stephenson TK, Wang W, Wang Y, Li J, Li L, Zen K, Chen X, Zhu D. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome-educated macrophages alleviate systemic lupus erythematosus by promoting efferocytosis and recruitment of IL-17+ regulatory T cell. STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY 2022; 13:484. [PMID: 36153633 PMCID: PMC9509559 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03174-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Anti-inflammatory polarized macrophages are reported to alleviate systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Our previous studies have demonstrated that exosomes from adipose-derived stem cells promote the anti-inflammatory polarization of macrophages. However, the possible therapeutic effect of exosomes from stem cells on SLE remains unexplored.
Methods Exosomes were isolated from the conditioned medium of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells using ultrafiltration and size-exclusion chromatography and were identified by nanoparticle tracking analysis and immunoblotting of exosomal-specific markers. Macrophages were collected from the MRL/lpr mouse kidney. The phenotype of macrophages was identified by immunoblotting for intracellular markers-inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and arginase-1 (Arg-1), and flow cytometry for macrophage markers F4/80, CD86, CD206, B7H4, and CD138. Pristane-induced murine lupus nephritis models were employed for in vivo study. Results When macrophages from the kidney of the MRL/lpr mice were treated with exosomes from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), the upregulation of CD206, B7H4, CD138, Arg-1, CCL20, and anti-inflammatory cytokines was observed, which suggested that the macrophages were polarized to a specific anti-inflammatory phenotype. These anti-inflammatory macrophages produced low levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) but had a high efferocytosis activity and promoted regulatory T (Treg) cell recruitment. Moreover, exosome injection stimulated the anti-inflammatory polarization of macrophages and increased the production of IL-17+ Treg cells in a pristane-induced murine lupus nephritis model. We observed that exosomes from BMMSCs depleted of microRNA-16 (miR-16) and microRNA-21 (miR-21) failed to downregulate PDCD4 and PTEN in macrophages, respectively, and attenuated exosome-induced anti-inflammatory polarization. Conclusion Our findings provide evidence that exosomes from BMMSCs promote the anti-inflammatory polarization of macrophages. These macrophages alleviate SLE nephritis in lupus mice by consuming apoptotic debris and inducing the recruitment of Treg cells. We identify that exosomal delivery of miR-16 and miR-21 is a significant contributor to the polarization of macrophages. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-03174-7.
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Jiao H, Acar G, Robinson GA, Ciurtin C, Jury EC, Kalea AZ. Diet and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): From Supplementation to Intervention. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11895. [PMID: 36231195 PMCID: PMC9565311 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191911895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease characterised by immune dysregulation affecting multiple organs. Current anti-inflammatory treatments used in SLE are associated with unwanted side-effects. Dietary supplementation has been suggested as a safe and effective addition to conventional treatment, but evidence of efficacy in SLE or preventing associated comorbidities is uncertain. METHODS We identified literature on clinical trials focused on nutritional interventions in SLE aiming to improve inflammation and comorbidities. A systematic-type search on Embase, Medline, and the Cochrane Library, was conducted to identify nutritional interventions among SLE patients in the past 15 years that met our inclusion criteria. RESULTS We identified 2754 articles, of which 14 were eligible for inclusion based on our set criteria and were subsequently quality assessed. Vitamin D or E supplementation was associated with respective improvement of inflammatory markers or antibody production, but not disease activity scores in most studies. Despite their expected synergistic actions, the addition of curcumin on vitamin D supplementation had no additional effects on disease activity or inflammatory markers. Trials of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation presented significant reductions in ESR, CRP, disease activity, inflammatory markers, and oxidative stress, and improved lipid levels and endothelial function, while a low glycaemic index (GI) diet showed evidence of reduced weight and improved fatigue in patients. CONCLUSIONS Different dietary guidelines can therefore be implicated to target specific SLE symptoms or therapeutic side-effects. This systematic review highlights the scarcity of larger and longer in duration trials with homogenous methodologies and verifiable outcomes to assess disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiao Jiao
- Division of Medicine, University College London, Rayne Building, London WC1E 6JF, UK
| | - Gizem Acar
- Division of Medicine, University College London, Rayne Building, London WC1E 6JF, UK
| | - George A. Robinson
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, Rayne Building, London W1CE 6JF, UK
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology versus Arthritis, Division of Medicine, University College London, Rayne Building, London W1CE 6JF, UK
| | - Coziana Ciurtin
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology versus Arthritis, Division of Medicine, University College London, Rayne Building, London W1CE 6JF, UK
| | - Elizabeth C. Jury
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, Rayne Building, London W1CE 6JF, UK
| | - Anastasia Z. Kalea
- Division of Medicine, University College London, Rayne Building, London WC1E 6JF, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
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Wang G, Xu Y, Wang Q, Chai Y, Sun X, Yang F, Zhang J, Wu M, Liao X, Yu X, Sheng X, Liu Z, Zhang J. Rare and undiagnosed diseases: From disease-causing gene identification to mechanism elucidation. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Meas R, Nititham J, Taylor KE, Maher S, Clairmont K, Carufe KEW, Kashgarian M, Nottoli T, Cheong A, Nagel ZD, Gaffney PM, Criswell LA, Sweasy JB. A Human MSH6 Germline Variant Associated With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Induces Lupus-like Disease in Mice. ACR Open Rheumatol 2022; 4:760-770. [PMID: 35708944 PMCID: PMC9469486 DOI: 10.1002/acr2.11471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in DNA repair genes are enriched in individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and if they are sufficient to confer a disease phenotype in a mouse model. METHODS Human exome chip data of 2499 patients with SLE and 1230 healthy controls were analyzed to determine if variants in 10 different mismatch repair genes (MSH4, EXO1, MSH2, MSH6, MLH1, MSH3, POLH, PMS2, ML3, and APEX2) were enriched in individuals with SLE. A mouse model of the MSH6 SNP, which was found to be enriched in individuals with SLE, was created using CRISPR/Cas9 gene targeting. Wildtype mice and mice heterozygous and homozygous for the MSH6 variant were then monitored for 2 years for the development of autoimmune phenotypes, including the presence of high levels of antinuclear antibodies (ANA). Additionally, somatic hypermutation frequencies and spectra of the intronic region downstream of the VH J558-rearranged JH4 immunoglobulin gene was characterized from Peyer's patches. RESULTS Based on the human exome chip data, the MSH6 variant (rs63750897, p.Ser503Cys) is enriched among patients with SLE versus controls after we corrected for ancestry (odds ratio = 8.39, P = 0.0398). Mice homozygous for the MSH6 variant (Msh6S502C/S502C ) harbor significantly increased levels of ANA. Additionally, the Msh6S502C/S502C mice display a significant increase in the infiltration of CD68+ cells (a marker for monocytes and macrophages) into the lung alveolar space as well as apoptotic cells. Furthermore, characterization of somatic hypermutation in these mice reveals an increase in the DNA polymerase η mutational signature. CONCLUSION An MSH6 mutation that is enriched in humans diagnosed with lupus was identified. Mice harboring this Msh6 mutation develop increased autoantibodies and an inflammatory lung disease. These results suggest that the human MSH6 variant is linked to the development of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ana Cheong
- Harvard School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | | | | | - Lindsey A. Criswell
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin DiseasesBethesdaMarylandUSA
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Tabouni M, Ali A, Aljaberi N, Alblooshi H. Lupus nephritis: A focus on the United Arab Emirates and the potential role of genetics. Lupus 2022; 31:1415-1422. [PMID: 36017600 DOI: 10.1177/09612033221122982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN) is a severe manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), characterized by chronic and progressive inflammation of the kidneys. As with many other autoimmune diseases, LN is a multifactorial disease caused by genetic and environmental factors. Globally, LN can affect around 60% of SLE patients, and it was observed to be less frequent and severe in Caucasian patients compared to other ethnic groups, including Arabs. Data on LN in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) are scattered and scarce in literature. Nevertheless, LN is common, occurring in around 43%-55% of SLE patients in the UAE. Anecdotally, the demographics and clinical features of SLE in the UAE have been distinct. However, the paucity of supporting literature makes it difficult to draw meaningful conclusions. Over the past two decades, there have been improvements in understanding the pathogenesis of LN; however, many cellular and molecular mechanisms which are implicated in the disease development and progression remain ambiguous. Investigating the clinical, pathological, and genetic characteristics of LN in different cohorts of patients is of importance for a better understanding of its pathogenesis, and thus improving its outcome. As a result, we acknowledge the need for large-scale epidemiological, clinical, and genetic investigation of LN cohorts in the UAE and surrounding regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Tabouni
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, 62776United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amanat Ali
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, 62776United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Najla Aljaberi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, 62776United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hiba Alblooshi
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, 62776United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Yu C, Li P, Dang X, Zhang X, Mao Y, Chen X. Lupus nephritis: new progress in diagnosis and treatment. J Autoimmun 2022; 132:102871. [PMID: 35999111 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic multifactorial autoimmune disease that affects many organs, including the kidney. Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common manifestation characterized by heterogeneous clinical and histopathological findings, and often associates with poor prognosis. The diagnosis and treatment of LN is challenging, depending largely on renal biopsy, and there is no reliable non-invasive LN biomarker. Up to now, the complete remission rate of LN is only 20%∼30% after receiving six months of standard treatment, which is far from satisfactory. Moreover, adverse reactions to immunosuppressants, especially glucocorticoids, further compromise the prognosis of LN. Biological reagents targetting autoimmune responses and inflammatory pathways, bring hope to the treatment of intractable lupus. The European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association (EULAR/ERA-EDTA) and KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) have been working on and launched the recommendations for the management of LN. In this review, we update our knowledge in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of LN and prospect for the future potential targets in the management of LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xin Dang
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yonghui Mao
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing 100853, China.
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Zhao Z, Jiang H, Xu X, Jia Z, Ren R, Foster KW, Wei X, Chen N, Goldring SR, Crow MK, Wang D. Polymeric dexamethasone prodrugs attenuate lupus nephritis in MRL/lpr mice with reduced glucocorticoid toxicity. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2022; 44:102579. [PMID: 35768036 PMCID: PMC9427713 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2022.102579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to their potent immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects, glucocorticoids (GCs) are the most widely used medications in treating lupus nephritis (LN). Long-term use of GCs, however, is associated with numerous off-target adverse effects. To reduce GCs' adverse effects, we previously developed two polymeric dexamethasone prodrug nanomedicines: N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer-based dexamethasone prodrug (P-Dex), and micelle-forming polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based dexamethasone prodrug (ZSJ-0228). Both P-Dex and ZSJ-0228 provided sustained amelioration of LN in lupus-prone NZB/W F1 mice with reduced GC-associated adverse effects. Here, we have extended our investigation to the MRL/lpr mouse model of LN. Compared to dose equivalent daily dexamethasone sodium phosphate (Dex) treatment, monthly P-Dex or ZSJ-0228 treatments were more effective in reducing proteinuria and extending the lifespan of MRL/lpr mice. Unlike the daily Dex treatment, ZSJ-0228 was not associated with measurable GC-associated adverse effects. In contrast, adrenal gland atrophy was observed in P-Dex treated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA
| | - Haochen Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA
| | - Xiaoke Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA
| | - Zhenshan Jia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA
| | - Rongguo Ren
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA
| | - Kirk W Foster
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5900, USA
| | - Xin Wei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA
| | - Ningrong Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA
| | | | - Mary K Crow
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA.
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