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Shen L, Dashwood MR, Casale C, Orie NN, Evans IM, Sufi P, Gray R, Mohamed-Ali V. Depot- and diabetes-specific differences in norepinephrine-mediated adipose tissue angiogenesis, vascular tone, collagen deposition and morphology in obesity. Life Sci 2022; 305:120756. [PMID: 35780713 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Norepinephrine (NE) is a known regulator of adipose tissue (AT) metabolism, angiogenesis, vasoconstriction and fibrosis. This may be through autocrine/paracrine effects on local resistance vessel function and morphology. The aims of this study were to investigate, in human subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue (SAT and OAT): NE synthesis, angiogenesis, NE-mediated arteriolar vasoconstriction, the induction of collagen gene expression and its deposition in non-diabetic versus diabetic obese subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS SAT and OAT from obese patients were used to investigate tissue NE content, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) density, angiogenesis including capillary density, angiogenic capacity and angiogenic gene expression, NE-mediated arteriolar vasoconstriction and collagen deposition. KEY FINDINGS In the non-diabetic group, NE concentration, TH immunoreactivity, angiogenesis and maximal vasoconstriction were significantly higher in OAT compared to SAT (p < 0.05). However, arterioles from OAT showed lower NE sensitivity compared to SAT (10-8 M to 10-7.5 M, p < 0.05). A depot-specific difference in collagen deposition was also observed, being greater in OAT than SAT. In the diabetic group, no significant depot-specific differences were seen in NE synthesis, angiogenesis, vasoconstriction or collagen deposition. SAT arterioles showed significantly lower sensitivity to NE (10-8 M to 10-7.5 M, p < 0.05) compared to the non-diabetic group. SIGNIFICANCE SAT depot in non-diabetic obese patients exhibited relatively low NE synthesis, angiogenesis, tissue fibrosis and high vasoreactivity, due to preserved NE sensitivity. The local NE synthesis in OAT and diabetes desensitizes NE-induced vasoconstriction, and may also explain the greater tissue angiogenesis and fibrosis in these depots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shen
- Rayne Building, University College London, London, UK.
| | | | - Carlo Casale
- Rayne Building, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nelson N Orie
- Royal Free Campus, University College London, London, UK; Anti-Doping Lab Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ian M Evans
- Cancer Stem Cell Team, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Rosaire Gray
- Rayne Building, University College London, London, UK; Whittington Hospital, London, UK
| | - Vidya Mohamed-Ali
- Royal Free Campus, University College London, London, UK; Anti-Doping Lab Qatar, Doha, Qatar
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2
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Varaliová Z, Vlasák R, Čížková T, Gojda J, Potočková J, Šiklová M, Krauzová E, Štěpán M, Bülow J, Štich V, Rossmeislová L. Lymphatic drainage affects lipolytic activity of femoral adipose tissue in women. Int J Obes (Lond) 2020; 44:1974-1978. [PMID: 32139870 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-020-0559-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
It has been shown that many molecules released by adipose tissue (AT) into interstitial fluid can reach the bloodstream preferentially via lymphatic system. Worsened lymphatic drainage may alter interstitial fluid (ISF) composition and thus affect microenvironment of adipocytes. Nevertheless, the effect of lymphatic drainage on AT functions remains unknown. Therefore, we analyzed the lipolytic activity of femoral AT in two groups of premenopausal women similar in adiposity but differing in the efficiency of lymphatic drainage of lower body as assessed by lymphoscintigraphy. Levels of lipolytic markers were assessed in plasma and ISF collected by skin blister technique in femoral area. In addition, microdialysis was used to monitor lipolysis of AT in vivo. Our results indicate that worsened lymphatic drainage is associated with lower in vivo lipolytic index and reduced lipolytic responsiveness of femoral AT to adrenergic stimuli. Thus, efficiency of lymphatic drainage appears to play a role in the regulation of AT metabolism. Accordingly, worsened lymphatic drainage could contribute to the resistance of lower body AT to intentional weigh loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Varaliová
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Centre for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - René Vlasák
- Center of Preventive Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Terezie Čížková
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Centre for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Gojda
- Centre for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Third Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Medicine 2, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Potočková
- Centre for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Medicine 2, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Šiklová
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Centre for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Third Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Krauzová
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Centre for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Medicine 2, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Štěpán
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Centre for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Medicine 2, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jens Bülow
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, NV, Denmark.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vladimír Štich
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Centre for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Third Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Rossmeislová
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. .,Centre for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. .,Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Third Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
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3
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Asmar M, Asmar A, Simonsen L, Dela F, Holst JJ, Bülow J. GIP-induced vasodilation in human adipose tissue involves capillary recruitment. Endocr Connect 2019; 8:806-813. [PMID: 31063975 PMCID: PMC6590203 DOI: 10.1530/ec-19-0144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) in combination with hyperinsulinemia increase blood flow and triglyceride clearance in subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue in lean humans. The present experiments were performed to determine whether the increase involves capillary recruitment. Eight lean healthy volunteers were studied before and after 1 h infusion of GIP or saline during a hyperglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp, raising plasma glucose and insulin to postprandial levels. Subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue blood flow (ATBF) was measured by the 133Xenon clearance technique, and microvascular blood volume was determined by contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging. During infusion of saline and the clamp, both ATBF (2.7 ± 0.5 mL/min 100 g/tissue) and microvascular blood volume remained unchanged throughout the experiments. During GIP infusion and the clamp, ATBF increased ~fourfold to 11.4 ± 1.9 mL/min 100 g/tissue, P < 0.001. Likewise, the contrast-enhanced ultrasound signal intensity, a measure of the microvascular blood volume, increased significantly 1 h after infusion of GIP and the clamp (P = 0.003), but not in the control experiments. In conclusion, the increase in ATBF during GIP infusion involves recruitment of capillaries in healthy lean subjects, which probably increases the interaction of circulating lipoproteins with lipoprotein lipase, thus promoting adipose tissue lipid uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meena Asmar
- Department of Endocrinology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Correspondence should be addressed to M Asmar:
| | - Ali Asmar
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lene Simonsen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Flemming Dela
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Ageing, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Geriatrics, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Juul Holst
- NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Bülow
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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U Din M, Saari T, Raiko J, Kudomi N, Maurer SF, Lahesmaa M, Fromme T, Amri EZ, Klingenspor M, Solin O, Nuutila P, Virtanen KA. Postprandial Oxidative Metabolism of Human Brown Fat Indicates Thermogenesis. Cell Metab 2018; 28:207-216.e3. [PMID: 29909972 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Human studies suggest that a meal elevates glucose uptake in brown adipose tissue (BAT). However, in postprandial state the thermogenic activity and the metabolism of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) in BAT remain unclear. Using indirect calorimetry combined with positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT), we showed that whole-body and BAT thermogenesis (oxygen consumption) increases after the ingestion of a mixed carbohydrate-rich meal, to the same extent as in cold stress. Postprandial NEFA uptake into BAT is minimal, possibly due to elevated plasma insulin inhibiting lipolysis. However, the variation in postprandial NEFA uptake is linked to BAT thermogenesis. We identified several genes participating in lipid metabolism to be expressed at higher levels in BAT compared with white fat in postprandial state, and to be positively correlated with BAT UCP1 expression. These findings suggest that substrates preferred by BAT in postprandial state are glucose or LPL-released NEFAs due to insulin stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mueez U Din
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520 Turku, Finland; Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Teemu Saari
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520 Turku, Finland; Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Juho Raiko
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520 Turku, Finland; Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Nobu Kudomi
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Stefanie F Maurer
- Chair of Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Else Kröner-Fresenius Center, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Minna Lahesmaa
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520 Turku, Finland; Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Tobias Fromme
- Chair of Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Else Kröner-Fresenius Center, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | | | - Martin Klingenspor
- Chair of Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Else Kröner-Fresenius Center, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany; ZIEL - Institute for Food and Health, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Olof Solin
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520 Turku, Finland; Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Accelerator Laboratory, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Pirjo Nuutila
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520 Turku, Finland; Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Kirsi A Virtanen
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520 Turku, Finland; Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520 Turku, Finland; Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland (UEF), Kuopio, Finland.
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Belcik JT, Davidson BP, Foster T, Qi Y, Zhao Y, Peters D, Lindner JR. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound assessment of impaired adipose tissue and muscle perfusion in insulin-resistant mice. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2015; 8:CIRCIMAGING.114.002684. [PMID: 25855669 DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.114.002684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In diabetes mellitus, reduced perfusion and capillary surface area in skeletal muscle, which is a major glucose storage site, contribute to abnormal glucose homeostasis. Using contrast-enhanced ultrasound, we investigated whether abdominal adipose tissue perfusion is abnormal in insulin resistance and correlates with glycemic control. METHODS AND RESULTS Contrast-enhanced ultrasound perfusion imaging of abdominal adipose tissue and skeletal muscle was performed in obese insulin resistance (db/db) mice at 11 to 12 or 14 to 16 weeks of age and in control lean mice. Time-intensity data were analyzed to quantify microvascular blood flow (MBF) and capillary blood volume (CBV). Blood glucose response for 1 hour was measured after insulin challenge (1 U/kg, IP). Compared with control mice, db/db mice at 11 to 12 and 14 to 16 weeks had a higher glucose concentration area under the curve after insulin (11.8±2.8, 20.6±4.3, and 28.4±5.9 mg·min/dL [×1000], respectively; P=0.0002) and also had lower adipose MBF (0.094±0.038, 0.035±0.010, and 0.023±0.01 mL/min per gram; P=0.0002) and CBV (1.6±0.6, 1.0±0.3, and 0.5±0.1 mL/100 g; P=0.0017). The glucose area under the curve correlated in a nonlinear fashion with both adipose and skeletal muscle MBF and CBV. There were significant linear correlations between adipose and muscle MBF (r=0.81) and CBV (r=0.66). Adipocyte cell volume on histology was 25-fold higher in 14- to 16-week db/db versus control mice. CONCLUSIONS Abnormal adipose MBF and CBV in insulin resistance can be detected by contrast-enhanced ultrasound and correlates with the degree of impairment in glucose storage. Abnormalities in adipose tissue and muscle seem to be coupled. Impaired adipose tissue perfusion is in part explained by an increase in adipocyte size without proportional vascular response.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Todd Belcik
- From the Knight Cardiovascular Institute (J.T.B., B.P.D., T.F., Y.Q., Y.Z., J.R.L.) and Department of Public Health and Preventative Medicine (D.P.), Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Brian P Davidson
- From the Knight Cardiovascular Institute (J.T.B., B.P.D., T.F., Y.Q., Y.Z., J.R.L.) and Department of Public Health and Preventative Medicine (D.P.), Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Ted Foster
- From the Knight Cardiovascular Institute (J.T.B., B.P.D., T.F., Y.Q., Y.Z., J.R.L.) and Department of Public Health and Preventative Medicine (D.P.), Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Yue Qi
- From the Knight Cardiovascular Institute (J.T.B., B.P.D., T.F., Y.Q., Y.Z., J.R.L.) and Department of Public Health and Preventative Medicine (D.P.), Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Yan Zhao
- From the Knight Cardiovascular Institute (J.T.B., B.P.D., T.F., Y.Q., Y.Z., J.R.L.) and Department of Public Health and Preventative Medicine (D.P.), Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Dawn Peters
- From the Knight Cardiovascular Institute (J.T.B., B.P.D., T.F., Y.Q., Y.Z., J.R.L.) and Department of Public Health and Preventative Medicine (D.P.), Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Jonathan R Lindner
- From the Knight Cardiovascular Institute (J.T.B., B.P.D., T.F., Y.Q., Y.Z., J.R.L.) and Department of Public Health and Preventative Medicine (D.P.), Oregon Health & Science University, Portland.
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Lambadiari V, Triantafyllou K, Dimitriadis GD. Insulin action in muscle and adipose tissue in type 2 diabetes: The significance of blood flow. World J Diabetes 2015; 6:626-633. [PMID: 25987960 PMCID: PMC4434083 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v6.i4.626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Under normal metabolic conditions insulin stimulates microvascular perfusion (capillary recruitment) of skeletal muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue and thus increases blood flow mainly after meal ingestion or physical exercise. This helps the delivery of insulin itself but also that of substrates and of other signalling molecules to multiple tissues beds and facilitates glucose disposal and lipid kinetics. This effect is impaired in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes early in the development of metabolic dysregulation and reflects early-onset endothelial dysfunction. Failure of insulin to increase muscle and adipose tissue blood flow results in decreased glucose handling. In fat depots, a blunted postprandial blood flow response will result in an insufficient suppression of lipolysis and an increased spill over of fatty acids in the circulation, leading to a more pronounced insulin resistant state in skeletal muscle. This defect in blood flow response is apparent even in the prediabetic state, implying that it is a facet of insulin resistance and exists long before overt hyperglycaemia develops. The following review intends to summarize the contribution of blood flow impairment to the development of the atherogenic dysglycemia and dyslipidaemia.
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Lee JB, Kim TW. Increased levels of FFA during passive heat loading after a 2-week repeated heat load in Koreans. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2015; 59:473-475. [PMID: 24865598 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-014-0849-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2013] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether repeated heat load is closely related to circulating levels of free fatty acids (FFA) during repeated passive heat loading (PHL), defined as immersion of the lower body up to an umbilical level in hot water, 42 ± 0.5 °C (three times/week, 30 min/day) for 2 weeks. There were significant correlations between mean body temperature and FFA before and after repeated heat load (p < 0.001, respectively), and the level of FFA was significantly higher after repeated heat load during PHL (p < 0.01). The threshold of mean body temperature for lipolysis was lowered by repeated heat load and enhanced lipolysis during PHL. However, caution is needed for diabetic individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Beom Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, 366-1 Ssangyong-dong, Cheonan, 331-946, Republic of Korea
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